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ANALYSIS OF BULLYING IN WONDER FILM BY STEPHEN CHBOSKY
(A PYSCHOLOGICAL APPROACH)
Yohanes Gae1.
Yuliana M.
DAo Karmel Kara2 English Literature Study Program.
Flores University1,2, gaeyohanes722@gmail.
com1, melkar76@gmail.
ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk bullying dan metode intervensi kasus kasus intimidasi yang di alami oleh Augie sebagaimana tercermin dalam film Wonder karya Stephen Chbosky.
Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.
Penelitian ini menggunakan dua teori, yaitu teori Bullying oleh Jacob Gordon .
dan metode intervensi kasus kasus bulying oleh Ken Rigby .
Data yang di ambil dari penelitian ini adalah film wonder .
karya Stephen Chbosky.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada tiga .
bentuk tindakan bulying yang di terima oleh Auggie dan ada enam .
metode intervensi kasus bulying di temukan dalam film Wonder.
Bentuk intimidasi yang di terima oleh Augie adalah bulying verbal, bulying fisik dan bulying cyber.
Sedangkan metode intervensi kasus kasus intimidasi adalah metode disiplin tradisional, metode memperkuat korban, metode meditasi, metode praktik restoratif, metode kelompok pendukung, dan metode kepedulian bersama.
Kata kunci : Bullying, metode intervensi ABSTRACT : This research aimed at analyzing the types of bullying and the method of intervening bulying cases experienced by Auggie as reflected in Wonder film by Stephen Chbosky.
In this research the Writer used the qualitative descriptive method.
The research was used some theories, they are Bullying theory by Jacob Gordon .
and the method of intervening bullying cases by Ken Rigby .
The data using from this research is from Wonder film .
by Stephen Chbosky.
The result of this research show that there are three .
types of bullying that Auggie receives and six .
method of intervening Bullying cases found in Wonder film.
The types of bullying that Auggie received were verbal bullying, physical bullying and cyber bullying.
While the method of intervening bullying cases are traditional disciplinary, strengthening the victim, mediation, restorative practices, support group, and shared concern methods.
Keywords : Bullying, intervening methods INTRODUCTION In human life, people got to express their feelings, ideas, imagination through the Literature broadly is any collection of written work,but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form,especially prose fiction,drama and poetry.
According to Gilbert.
Loxley, and Seymour .
, literature is anything that is written down, the word has become primarily associated with works of fiction, drama, and poetry, and weighted with the impossible to quantify-distinction of merit and superiority.
According to Kusch .
, literature conveys sacred knowledge teaches moral and social lessons announces new ideas, records revolutions, tests the limits of cultural values, and shows us our best and shows us our best and worst selves.
Therefore literature is the most national of arts for the Yohanes Gae1.
Yuliana M.
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obvious reason that it is written in the national language and reflects,however perversely, its implicit Based on the description above,it can be said that literature is anything written that has artistic value related to novels,drama, and poetry.
From several understanding according to the expert above it can be concluded that literature is anything is written down to express human idea.
Along with the times in this modern era, where Technology influences our thinking and life, the literary output is not only limited to prose, novel and drama but also some aspect there is film.
Film is also called motion picture.
According to Petrie & Boggs,( 2011:.
film is recognized as a unique and powerful art form that is equivalent to painting, sculpture, music and literature, the film has similarities with poetry,drama and prose, that film has images, metaphors, and symbols like poetry as well as dramas that have dialogue and action.
Meanwhile according to Bordwell.
Thompson, and Smith .
, film is an art form with a language and an aesthetic all its own.
Based on the above understanding, it can be understood that a film or movie is anmotionpicture that is the result of situation or activity recorded by a device such as camera it will later be shown in a cinema or television which has a storyline, art, and literary elements.
Like other literary works, films also present the reality of life that contains literary elements, so it can be said that film is a part in the branch of literature.
The Wonder film is American family drama film directed by Stephen Chbosky.
The writer chooses Wonder film to be analyzed because the film tells the story of a boy named August Pullman who has a physical disability on his face.
In this film, the writer finds many phenomena that occur, one of which is bullying.
Besides that, the writer chose the title analysis of bullying in wonder by Stephen Chbosky because the writer wanted to know the types of bullying that august Pullman receives as the main character who is victim of bullying at school by his friends.
Bullying often occurs in the school environment, besides that bullying also often occurs in the social and family environment.
Bullying is an aggressive action that repeatedly against a group to individual or individual against individual that can result injury or psychological trauma.
According to Jacob .
, bullying is a pervasive social problem within schools that warrants comprehensive solutions.
The systematic nature of this epidemic affects not onsly those who are bullied but also students who bully others and are witnesses to bullying.
According to Rigby .
, bullying is aggression, but aggression as it occurs under particular circumstances.
It can only occur when there is an imbalance of power between people that is, when the person or persons acting aggressively are more powerful than the person or persons acting aggressively are more powerful than the person they are targeting.
Based on explanation above, the writer chooses the bullying and wonder film to be analyzed because judging from the current situation in society, bullying is one of the acts that often occurswhether in the society, school or family.
The researcher ever also experienced of being a bullying from other friends in society.
Bullying actions that the writer received is Cyber bullying.
Cyber bullying occurred in the form of posting or uploading embarrassing photos on social media.
Acts of bullying are not only among parents or young people and even elementary school children.
One example that often occurs in the community and elementary school is bullying about facial abnormalities.
There are various types of bullying, such us Yohanes Gae1.
Yuliana M.
DAo Karmel Kara2.
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talking or saying names, throwing, making fun of, throwing, and sneering.
The effect of bullying can cause a person to feel inferior to be friends with other people.
In this Wonder film, the writer analyzed the types of bullying received by August Pullman as the main character because of his facial Beside on the idea above, therefore the title of this study is AN ANALYSIS OF BULLYING IN WONDER FILM BY STEPHEN CHBOSKY.
Based on the explanation, the writer formulated the problems as follow:
What are the types of bullying that drives the main character.
August Pullman became a victim of bullying in wonder film? What are the methods of intervening bullying cases experienced by August Pullman? Related to the problems issued above.
The Purpose of the study were intended to be,as follow: .
to identify the types of bullying August Pullman received as the main character in the Wonder film, and .
to identify the method of intervening bullying cases experienced by August Pullman.
RESEARCH METHOD
In this study, the writer used qualitative-descriptive research.
Data in this study were derived from Wonder film by Stephen Chbosky .
The writer used three steps in collecting the data.
There were three steps to collected the data as follows:
Watch the film wonder and understanding the film.
Taking notes some words, sentences, and noun phrases from the film.
Identify the words, sentences, and noun phrases that refer to the characterization of the characters and the bullying of the characters.
RESULTS and DISCUSSION Types of Bullying In this point, the writer finds three types of Bullying of August Pullman depicted in Wonder film.
They are verbal bullying, physical bullying, and cyber bullying.
Verbal Bullying Verbal bullying refers to either spoken or written forms of bullying, including name calling, inappropriate sexual comments, abusive language, and threatening to cause harm.
It is important to know that verbal bullying can be just a harmful as physical bullying.
The verbal bullying showed by August Pullman when school tour.
It can be seen in the utterance below.
Julian : WhatAos wrong with your face, bro? Auggie : .
ust silent and embarrasse.
Julian : This is eraser, do you know eraser? Auggue : Yes I know.
ItAs eraser.
The conversation occurred when Augie.
Jack will and Julian were in the school library.
Julian asked Agie things he didnAt need to ask about the eraser and AugieAs strange face.
This was form of verbal bullying carried out by Julien to Augie.
Yohanes Gae1.
Yuliana M.
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ANALYSIS OF BULLYING IN WONDER FILM BY STEPHEN CHBOSKY (A PYSCHOLOGICAL APPROACH) Journal of Language and Literature p-ISSN 2502-5473 | e-ISSN 2808-0106- | Vol.
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It can be seen in following scenes:
Wonder .
:09:24 Ae 00:10:.
Julian underestimated Auggie intelligence, he came back to asking unnecessary questions about Auggie's that have unormal face Physical Bullying Physical bullying or physical oppression is among other forms other oppression and the most visible and identifiable type of bullying, but the incidence of physical oppression accounts for less than one-third of student-reported persecution incidents.
Physical bullying is when a person .
r group of peopl.
uses physical actions to bully, such as hitting, poking, tripping or pushing.
Repeatedly and intentionally damaging someoneAs belongings is also physical bullying.
Fighting and shoving a student into the lockers is considered an act of physical bullying.
In this film, the writer finds physical bullying shown by Henry and his friends.
They attacked August and jack will while on the Boarwood Nature Reserve.
It can be described in the utterance below:
Henry : what do find here.
Some losers make the forest stink.
(Looks augus.
Gosh look at his face! HeAs a freak! Eddie : God.
I havenAt seen anything that bad in a while, maybe itAs Orc.
Julian : .
ulling augus.
letAs go.
Henry : where to go.
I spoke to you Gollum.
Julian : hey whatAs your Problem.
Henry : your friend is my problem .
ushing Julian to the ground and hitting his head on August : hey, donAt bother him.
Henry : what would you do? Get out of the way.
August : no.
Henry : I said step aside.
August : I said no.
Henry : (Pushed august to the ground and a fight broke between August and the Henry friendAos from seventh grader.
(Wonder, 01:35:.
It can be seen in following scenes:
Yohanes Gae1.
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(Wonder, 01:35:.
The scene above occurs while Auggie and Jack Will were pushed to the ground by are two boys and then one girl, they are all seventh grades from another school.
They called august with a bad name that is like an Orc.
Julian invite august to go away from that but Julian is pushed by Henry until he falls and hits his head on a rock so he is injured.
August did not accept the fact because Julian was hurt by Henry.
August fought Henry until finally August was pushed by Henry until he fell.
At just the right moment.
Amos and his friends come to help Julian and August.
Cyber Bullying Cyber bullying can occurs through SMS, text, and apps, or online in social media, forums or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share content.
Cyber bullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content about someone else.
It can include sharing personal or private information about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation.
Some cyber bullying crosses the line into unlawful or criminal behaviour.
In this film, the Cyber bullying that august received was when Julian editedAugustAs photo.
This made August very humiliated.
The utterance describes cyber bullying as follow:
Julian : look at him, hey where is august? Amos : there .
ointing at augus.
August : .
alking towards the wall and looking at the photo edited by Julian.
Mr.
Browne : hey why are you running in the hallway.
alking toward augus.
August are you okay? August : Ya, everything is fine.
IAm letter for class.
Mr.
Browne : August if you need help, you can ask me.
YouAre not alone.
August : I know.
It can be seen in following picture:
(Wonder: 01:26:.
The scene above occurs when schools break children were running in the hallways looking and laughing at a photo that was plastered on the wall.
In the photo you can see a photo with August class student.
The Method of Intervening Bullying Cases In this point, the writer finds out the six methods of intervening bullying cases.
They The Traditional Disciplinary Method The traditional disciplinary approach makes the assumption that bullying is best controlled through the use of negative consequences Ae penalties, sanctions, punishments.
These deter the bully Yohanes Gae1.
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from continuing to bully and also others who see what has happened to the bully.
Moreover justice is achieved for the victim.
Sounds reasonable.
But, as we have seen, the evidence is against this approach being used on every occasion.
It was noted that around 75 percent of school authorities believe in its use even in relatively mild cases Ae and in many cases it simply does not succeed in stopping the bullying.
The method of intervening bullying cases from traditional disciplinary is when Julian has sanctions or punishment from Mr.
Tusman because his bullying august.
The utterance as follow:
Mr.
Tushman : we take a seriously bullying at this school.
It is intolerable.
JulianAs mother : sorry, can you explain to me whatAs going on here? WasnAt Julian who was hit in the mouth, if there was any other abuse it wasnAt my son.
Mr.
Tushman : ( show evidence that julian bullied august.
One of them is the writing on the back of a photo of their class student.
JulianAs father : you wrote it julian? Julian : yes father.
Mr.
Tushman : ThatAs one of the notes on the back of the whole class photo, your son engineered August photo to make it disappear.
Mr.
Tushman : This is just a score of two days, youAore also not for the nature reserve visit.
Just that.
(Wonder 01:29:.
It can be seen in following scene:
(Wonder, 01:29:.
The scene above showed when Julian and his parents were in Mr.
TushmanAs room.
JulianAs parent and Mr.
Tushmanhas a debate because his parent did not agree with Mr.
Tushman said.
The method of intervening cases of bullying for this scene is when Mr.
Tushman punishes Julian with a score from school for two days and also doesnAt allow Julian to on nature reserve visits.
Strengthening the Victim Method It is assumed that victims can be strengthened so that they can solve the problem of bullying And this can be achieved through the teaching of better social skills Ae especially This approach is in some ways very attractive, because, if successful, it can result in greatly improved self-esteem on the part of the ex-victim and dispenses with the need for teachers to undertake interventions with dubious likelihood of success.
In this film.
The method of intervening bullying cases from strengthening the victim when August was angry and crying because he was bullied by his school friends.
But his mother approached august and strengthened August not to be Yohanes Gae1.
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sad about his physical limitations.
This can be shown below:
Isabel : You are not ugly, august.
August : You just have to say that because youAre my mom.
Isabel : Oh, because IAm mom, it doesnAt count? August : Yeah.
Isabel : Because IAm your mom, it counts the most because I know you the most.
You are not ugly and anyone who cares to know you will see that.
August : They wonAt even talk me.
It matters that look different.
I try to pretend that it doesnAt, but it Isabel : I know.
August : is it always gonna matter? Isabel : I donAot know.
Honey, listen.
Look at me.
We all have marks on our face.
I have this wrinkle here From your first surgery.
This is the map that shows us Where weAore going.
And this is the map that shows us Where weAove been.
And itAos never ever ugly.
August : ( smiled while hugging his mothe.
(Wonder:00:24:.
It can be seen in following scenes:
(Wonder, 00:24:.
The scene above occurs when the AugustAs family has a diner, when his farmer asked him about his first day of school.
August suddenly left the dining table and headed to the bedroom.
His mother followed August in to the room and asked what was wrong with August.
August cried and said that the first day at school he was bullied by his friends classmates.
Mediation Method This approach assumes that bullies and victims can be helped to resolve their differences by working with a trained mediator, and that teachers and/or selected students can carry out this role.
When it is successful, it may produce a positive and enduring outcome and bring about a more harmonious school ethos.
However, there are notable limitations on the use of this method.
In some cases the parties in conflict actively resist mediation.
The perpetrator may have much to lose and little to gain from reaching a peaceable solution.
The teacher may find it difficult or impossible to remain neutral in addressing the problem, a prerequisite of successful mediation.
In this scene, the mediation method found when august is angry at the behaviour of Jack will and Julian who intentionally bullied august during Halloween.
It was also during this time that Summer approached August and be a his Summer helps August to solve the problem that August is facing.
This can be seen from the conversation following:
August : Okay I just why are you sitting here then.
Summer : Because I want some nice friends for a change.
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Augus Summer August Summer August Summer : me too.
: cool means.
: But youAll get the plague.
:Good, so what happened with jack will.
: Promise you wonAt tell.
: Yeah.
(Wonder, 00:55:.
It can be seen in following scene:
(Wonder, 00:55:.
The utterance in this data shows when in the cafeteria august very angry because Jack will and Julian bullied August on Halloween.
Summer came close to August to help solve his problem and wanted to be friends with August.
The mediation method contained in the scene is when summer wants to be augustAs new friend and help August to solve his problems.
Summer approaches august when august is furious with jack will for jack will bullying August on Halloween.
August also felt that summer was only using him on orders from Mr.
Tushman to be friend.
However, summer really wants to be AugustAs friend not because of Mr.
Tushman.
Restorative Practices Method Restorative practices assume that bullies feel remorse or can be induced to feel remorse, act restoratively, and become accepted and reintegrated into the company of those they have offended.
Practices have been developed to bring this about.
The claim that all bullies feel remorse or can readily be induced to feel remorse by restorative practices may be regarded as excessive.
However, some do feel remorse or can be induced, without unreasonable pressure, to feel remorse.
Restorative practices provide an attractive option under these There is evidence that the person who has bullied does feel generally remorseful or becomes remorseful after being influenced to reflect on what harm has been done.
The level of bullying is either not extreme or Ae if extreme Ae the use of a Community Conference is an acceptable alternative to taking legal action.
There are grounds for believing that an apology or restorative action will lead to the AwrongdoerA becoming acceptable to those who have been offended.
The community is forgiving and accepting.
The utterance of restorative practices showed by Jack will when he remorseful after being a bullying to August.
It can be seen as follow:
Jack will : Hey, this place is amazing! You built all this? August : Where are you? Jack will : On the ship.
IAom sorry for what I said.
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August : Truth.
would you really kill yourself if you looked like me? Jack will : no.
but totally would if looked like Julian.
August : Wait until he sees our science fair project! Jack will : so can we be a friends again? August : okay.
(Wonder:01:15:.
It can be seen in following scene:
(Wonder,01:15:.
The utterance above occurs when August and Jack will play online games together, jack will tries to apologize for what he did to August.
Jack will finally accepted the apology via an online message on their game.
Jack Will regrets having behaved unkindly to August.
From the conversation above it is clear that the perpetrators of bullying are truly sorry for their actions.
The writer finds practical restorative method in this scene when Jack will regrets what he did to August.
The Support Group Method Unlike restorative practice, the method does not seek to obtain an apology from the bully.
The focus is upon a transformation of an individual from one who behaves hurtfully to one who is motivated through empathic feelings to give help.
The Support Group Method also differs from restorative practice in the way it makes use of selected peers of the students who are involved in the bullying.
Peers are invariably present at meetings that are held with the bullies, not to assist in ensuring that Ajustice is doneA, but rather to help to bring about support for the victim.
Unlike restorative practice, there is never any involvement on the part of significant adults, as is the case in Community Conferences when parents and other adults may be present.
The wider community of Asignificant othersA do not play a part in the Support Group Method.
The utterance bellow is the form of the support group method.
When jack will and their friend support August because august be the good and strong student in their school and as winner of the Henry Beecher medal for honors student who has been exemplary.
The utterance is:
Mr.
Tushman : Without delay, this year.
IAm very proud.
To award The Henry Ward Beecher medal to the most powerpowerful student to have broken many So,Could August Pullman come here to accept this award?(Everyone applauded, including the bullies.
Julianand Jack wil.
Jack will : YouAore the best man.
(Cuddling Augus.
Mr.
Tushman : Congratulation.
This is for you.
(Wonder: 01:43:.
It can be seen in following scene:
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(Wonder, 01:43:.
The utterance above shows during the speech from mr.
Tushman.
In his speech he read the medal winer as well as the best student.
August Pullman became the best student and the winner of the medal.
Method of Shared Concern.
In this film, the method of shared concern is showed by Amos and his friends when august and jack will were attacked by seventh graders.
Amos and his friends help August until they escape to the While on the riverbank, august was sad and cried because he was bullied by seventh Amos and his friends along with Julian hug August.
The utterance of Shared Concern showed by Amos can be seen below:
Jack will : How do you know we need help.
Amos : We saw them following you from the hut.
Amos friendAs : I think they were seventh graders, they were huge.
Jack Will : Thanks guys.
You really saved us.
August : Yeah, thanks guys.
Amos : You know ItAos really good how you defend yourself, little fell.
It can be seen in following scene:
(Wonder: 01:37:.
The utterance above occurred when Amos and his Friends help August and Jack will during they were attacked by seventh graders.
Amos is AugustAs classmate.
Amos is also one of JulianAs friends who once bullied August
CONCLUSION
Bullying is behaviour that hurt a person of group of people in the form of physical, verbal, or psychological violence.
These actions can be easily recognized, including harassment, discrimination, intimidation, exclusion, ridicule, and other non-physical violence.
According to Gordon.
bullying is a systematic problem within schools that cause long-lasting effect on students physically, socially and emotionally.
This behaviour is often associated with the attitude of a children in school who tends to do whatever he wants even if he has to mocking or hurting other people.
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The research that examines of bullying information is very interesting.
We can find out why people become frustrated, depression, loneliness, and suicide.
The author analyzes one of the main character in Wonder film by Stephen Chbosky because this one of the literary work that is favourite in almost every age group.
In this study the writer find out that three types of bullying received by August Pullman as the main character, namely verbal bullying, physical bullying, and cyber bullying.
Moreover, the writer also finds the six method of intervening bullying cases namely.
The traditional disciplinary, strengthening the victim, mediation, restorative justice, the support group, and the method of shared concern.
REFERENCES