https://research.e-greenation.org/GIJES,

Vol. 1, No. 4 December 2023

E-ISSN: 2986-0326, P-ISSN: 2986-089X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38035/gijes.v1i4
th
Received: December 08 , 2023, Revised: December 19th, 2023, Published: January 23rd, 2024
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Perceptions of Electric Vehicle Adoption among Young Adults in
Ahmedabad: Exploring Influences and Implications
Hitarth Mehta1, Lakshita Rathod2, Fenil Shah3, Aum Bhatt4, Jenil Machhvara5, Rahul
Chauhan6, Andino Maseleno7.
1

Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India. hitarthdm24@gmail.com
Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India.
3
Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India.
4
Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India.
5
Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India.
6
Unitedworld Institute of Management, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India.
7
International Open University, Gambia, andino@bahasa.iou.edu.gm
2

Corresponding Author: andino@bahasa.iou.edu.gm7

Abstract: This study explores the perceptions of young adults aged 18-30 in Ahmedabad, India,
toward electric vehicle (EV) adoption. A quantitative approach was employed, gathering data
from 104 respondents via a structured questionnaire. Key factors examined include vehicle
preference, peer influence, and promotion of EVs. One-way ANOVA results indicated that age
did not significantly impact these factors, suggesting that other variables, such as environmental
concerns and technological advancements, may have a stronger influence on purchase
intentions. The study highlights the growing awareness of sustainability and technology among
youth, with implications for targeted marketing strategies. The research provides a foundation
for future studies on EV adoption across different regions and age groups. Additionally, the
findings contribute to the global conversation on reducing carbon emissions and increasing EV
adoption for a sustainable future.
Keywords: electric vehicle adoption, young adults, consumer behavior
INTRODUCTION
Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained increasing attention in India as a viable solution to
the challenges of environmental degradation and urban air pollution caused by traditional
gasoline-powered vehicles. The Indian government, alongside policymakers and industry
stakeholders, has recognized the potential of EVs to address these issues. As India is one of the
world's most populous and rapidly urbanizing countries, reducing emissions and improving air
quality have become key priorities, and EVs are seen as an important part of the solution.
Understanding the attitudes of young individuals, particularly those aged 18 to 30, toward EVs
is crucial, as they represent a significant portion of future consumers and influencers in the
market.
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The Indian government has introduced various initiatives and policies aimed at promoting
the adoption of EVs. One such policy is the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric
Vehicles (FAME) scheme, which provides financial incentives to manufacturers and buyers.
Under this scheme, subsidies are offered to lower the cost of EVs, making them more accessible
to the general public. Additionally, tax exemptions and reductions in registration fees for EVs
further incentivize potential buyers. The government has also encouraged the development of
charging infrastructure across cities, recognizing that the lack of accessible charging stations
remains a significant barrier to EV adoption.
In urban areas like Delhi, which grapples with severe air pollution, there is growing
awareness of the environmental benefits of EVs. The government has introduced measures such
as waiving road taxes for electric vehicles and providing subsidies to promote EV use. In states
like Gujarat and Maharashtra, similar initiatives are being rolled out to encourage EV purchases,
aligning with India's broader goals of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
Young individuals in India are increasingly concerned about sustainability and the impact
of their choices on the environment. Many in this age group are technologically savvy and open
to exploring alternatives to traditional vehicles. However, concerns regarding the higher upfront
cost of EVs compared to gasoline-powered vehicles, as well as the limited charging
infrastructure, remain. Manufacturers and marketers need to address these concerns by offering
affordable options and communicating the long-term savings associated with EV ownership,
such as reduced fuel and maintenance costs.
India is taking a diversified approach to sustainable transportation by promoting hybrid
vehicles and electric two-wheelers, which are more affordable and better suited to the country's
congested urban environments. The government is also exploring shared mobility solutions and
promoting cycling to reduce dependency on private vehicles, contributing to a greener future.
The future of electric vehicles in India looks promising, particularly with the younger
generation's increasing awareness and interest in sustainable alternatives. With government
policies, financial incentives, and improved infrastructure, India is on its way to becoming a
key player in the global EV market. However, addressing the challenges of cost, infrastructure,
and consumer perceptions will be critical to accelerating EV adoption in the country.
METHOD
The present study focuses on understanding the perceptions of young individuals aged 18
to 30 years toward electric vehicles (EVs) in India, with data collected from 104 respondents
residing in Ahmedabad. A quantitative research approach was adopted to gather empirical data,
allowing for objective analysis of the factors influencing EV adoption among young adults. The
primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire, designed to capture respondents'
perceptions of electric vehicles, including their views on environmental sustainability,
technological advancements, and purchase intentions.

Objectives:
a. To analyze the key factors influencing the perceptions of young adults (18-30 years) in
India regarding the adoption of electric vehicles.
b. To evaluate the impact of environmental concerns and technological advancements on the
purchase intentions of electric vehicles among young consumers in India.

Hypotheses
H1: Environmental sustainability is positively associated with the intention of young
individuals in India to adopt electric vehicles.
H2: Technological advancements in electric vehicles (such as improved battery life and
charging infrastructure) significantly increase the likelihood of young consumers in India
purchasing EVs.

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For data analysis, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was employed to
conduct both descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Descriptive statistics, such as
frequencies and percentages, were used to summarize demographic data and respondents’
general perceptions. To test the hypotheses, inferential statistics were used, particularly
regression analysis and correlation analysis. Regression analysis helped in determining the
influence of independent variables (environmental concerns, technological advancements) on
the dependent variable (purchase intention of EVs). The correlation analysis was used to
explore the strength of relationships between variables.
In addition, reliability analysis was conducted using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure the
consistency of the questionnaire items. The data analysis through SPSS allowed for the testing
of the two hypotheses and provided a comprehensive understanding of how environmental and
technological factors affect young consumers' views on EV adoption in Ahmedabad.This
methodology ensures a robust analysis of the research objectives, providing meaningful insights
into the perceptions of young individuals regarding electric vehicles in India.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In the study examining the perceptions of young adults in India towards electric vehicle
(EV) adoption, Table 1 presents the age distribution of the respondents, focusing on individuals
aged 18 to 30 years. The sample is heavily skewed towards the younger end of the spectrum,
with 95.2% of the respondents falling between the ages of 18 to 22. This suggests that the data
largely represents the views of younger individuals in their late teens and early twenties.
Table 1. Age of Samples
Valid

18-22
23-26
27-30
Total

Frequency
99
4
1
104

Percent
95.2
3.8
1.0
100.0

Valid Percent
95.2
3.8
1.0
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
95.2
99.0
100.0

The relatively smaller representation of individuals aged 23-26 (3.8%) and 27-30 (1%)
indicates that the majority of the participants are likely students or early-stage professionals.
This age group is crucial to study as they represent the early adopters of EVs, particularly in a
market that is rapidly evolving with technological innovations and environmental awareness.
The cumulative percentage column shows that by the time the 22-year-olds are accounted for,
95.2% of the population has already been included. The distribution reflects that most young
adults in the sample are at the forefront of societal trends and are likely to be more receptive to
environmental sustainability and technological advancements.
Table 2. Gender of Samples
Valid

Frequency
Male
50
Female 54
Total
104

Percent
48.1
51.9
100.0

Valid Percent
48.1
51.9
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
48.1
100.0

Table 2 presents the gender distribution, which is almost evenly split between male and
female respondents, with 48.1% being male and 51.9% female. This balanced representation
ensures that the study captures perspectives from both genders equally, which is important as
gender may influence attitudes towards EVs. For instance, males and females may have
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Vol. 1, No. 4 December 2023

differing preferences in terms of vehicle design, technological features, or environmental
considerations. By ensuring a near-equal representation, the study can compare gender-specific
factors that may influence EV adoption. Moreover, this balance helps in generating a
comprehensive understanding of how young males and females perceive the benefits and
challenges of adopting EVs.
Table 3. Area of Residence of Samples
Valid

Frequency
Urban area
88
Semi- urban area 3
Rural area
13
Total
104

Percent
84.6
2.9
12.5
100.0

Valid Percent
84.6
2.9
12.5
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
84.6
87.5
100.0

Table 3, which deals with the area of residence, indicates that a significant proportion of
the sample (84.6%) comes from urban areas. This is followed by 12.5% from rural areas, and a
small percentage (2.9%) from semi-urban areas. This distribution reflects the growing influence
of urbanization in shaping consumer preferences, especially among the youth in Ahmedabad.
Young adults living in urban areas are more likely to encounter EV infrastructure, such as
charging stations, and are exposed to the environmental and technological advancements that
promote EV adoption. However, the smaller sample size from rural and semi-urban areas
suggests that there may be barriers to EV adoption in these regions, possibly due to a lack of
infrastructure or awareness.
Table 4. Education of Samples
Valid High school
Undergraduate
Graduate
Postgraduate
Total

Frequency
68
9
26
1
104

Percent
65.4
8.7
25.0
1.0
100.0

Valid Percent
65.4
8.7
25.0
1.0
100.0

Cumulative
Percent
65.4
74.0
99.0
100.0

Table 4 provides information on the education levels of the respondents. The majority of
the participants (65.4%) have completed high school, while 25% are graduates, and 8.7% are
undergraduates. A small fraction (1%) are postgraduates. The high percentage of high school
graduates suggests that the study predominantly reflects the perceptions of young individuals
who are either students or have recently entered the workforce. Education plays a crucial role
in shaping individuals' understanding of environmental issues and technological advancements.
Hence, this educational background implies that the respondents are likely aware of the
environmental benefits of EVs and are attuned to technological innovations in the automotive
industry. The variety of education levels provides a broader perspective on how awareness and
knowledge influence the purchase intentions of young adults toward EVs.
Table 5. One Way ANOVA between Gender and Ev Sustainability
ANOVA
Sum
of
Squares
df
Mean Square F
Sig.
Environmental Between Groups .431
1
.431
.384
.537
issue
Within Groups
114.453
102
1.122
Total
114.885
103
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Reducing
pollution
Familiarity
with EVs
Overall
perception
Factors
influencing
EVs

Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total
Between Groups
Within Groups
Total

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5.945
141.401
147.346
.182
133.039
133.221
3.490
90.500
93.990
4.743
167.017
171.760

1
102
103
1
102
103
1
102
103
1
102
103

5.945
1.386

4.288

.041

.182
1.304

.139

.710

3.490
.887

3.934

.050

4.743
1.637

2.896

.092

The One-Way ANOVA in Table 5 investigates the relationship between gender and
perceptions of electric vehicle (EV) sustainability among young adults in Ahmedabad. The
analysis reveals mixed results in terms of statistical significance across different factors. For
environmental issues, the F-value of 0.384 and p-value of 0.537 indicate no significant
difference between males and females regarding concerns about environmental issues in EV
adoption. Similarly, in terms of familiarity with EVs, the F-value of 0.139 and p-value of 0.710
show no significant gender difference.
However, for reducing pollution, a significant difference was observed between genders,
with an F-value of 4.288 and a p-value of 0.041 (below the 0.05 threshold). This suggests that
males and females may differ in how they perceive EVs’ role in reducing pollution. In terms of
overall perception of EVs, the F-value of 3.934 and p-value of 0.050 highlight a marginal
significance, suggesting a possible difference in how genders view the overall sustainability of
EVs. Lastly, for factors influencing EV adoption, no significant difference is found, with a pvalue of 0.092. The study employed SPSS to analyze these results, allowing for objective
insights into gender-based differences in perceptions of EV sustainability among young adults.
Table 6. One Way ANOVA between Age and Ev sustainability A
ANOVA
Sum
of
Mean
Squares
df
Square
F
Sig.
Environmental Between Groups .478
2
.239
.211
.810
issue
Within Groups
114.407
101
1.133
Total
114.885
103
Reducing
Between Groups 1.303
2
.652
.451
.638
pollution
Within Groups
146.043
101
1.446
Total
147.346
103
Familiarity
Between Groups 3.312
2
1.656
1.288 .280
with EVs
Within Groups
129.909
101
1.286
Total
133.221
103
Overall
Between Groups 1.263
2
.632
.688
.505
perception
Within Groups
92.727
101
.918
Total
93.990
103
Factors
Between Groups 1.851
2
.925
.550
.579
influencing
Within Groups
169.909
101
1.682
EVs
Total
171.760
103

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In the present study, a One-Way ANOVA test was used to explore the relationship
between respondents’ age and their perceptions of electric vehicle (EV) sustainability. Table 6
presents the results of this analysis, showing the significance of various factors like
environmental issues, reducing pollution, familiarity with EVs, overall perception, and factors
influencing EVs.
The ANOVA results show no significant differences between age groups for any of the
variables. For example, the significance value (Sig.) for "Environmental Issue" is 0.810,
indicating that age does not significantly affect how young adults perceive environmental issues
related to EVs. Similarly, the Sig. value for "Reducing Pollution" is 0.638, showing no strong
link between age and the perception of EVs’ role in pollution reduction. Other factors like
"Familiarity with EVs" (Sig. 0.280) and "Overall Perception" (Sig. 0.505) also show no
significant age-related differences.
These findings suggest that within the 18-30 age group, age does not significantly
influence perceptions of EV sustainability or the key factors associated with EV adoption. This
supports the idea that young individuals, regardless of age within this group, share similar views
on environmental sustainability and the technological advantages of electric vehicles, as
indicated by the research methodology's focus on objective, empirical data collection.
Table 7. One way ANOVA between Gender and consumer behavior
ANOVA
Sum
of
Squares
df
Mean Square F
Vehicle
Between Groups 9.956
1
9.956
10.590
preference
Within Groups
95.890
102
.940
Total
105.846
103
Peer influence Between Groups .131
1
.131
.116
Within Groups
115.253
102
1.130
Total
115.385
103
Promotion of EV Between Groups .587
1
.587
.797
Within Groups
75.173
102
.737
Total
75.760
103

Sig.
.002

.734

.374

The ANOVA results in Table 7 examine the relationship between gender and various
aspects of consumer behavior toward electric vehicles (EVs). The one-way ANOVA compares
means across gender groups for three variables: vehicle preference, peer influence, and
promotion of EVs. For vehicle preference, the F-value (10.590) is significant (p = .002),
indicating that gender has a statistically significant effect on vehicle preference. This suggests
that males and females have different preferences when it comes to EVs, which may be driven
by varying priorities like design, technology, or environmental factors.
In contrast, peer influence shows no significant difference between genders (F = .116, p
= .734), implying that both males and females are equally influenced by their peers in EV
adoption. This suggests that peer opinions might affect consumer behavior similarly across
genders. For the promotion of EVs, the F-value (0.797) is also not significant (p = .374),
indicating that gender does not significantly affect how promotional efforts influence consumer
behavior. Both males and females are likely responding similarly to marketing and awareness
campaigns for EVs. The results, analyzed through SPSS using a structured questionnaire, help
clarify gender-based differences and similarities in consumer behavior, providing valuable
insights for targeted EV marketing strategies.

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Table 8. One way ANOVA between Age and consumer behavior
ANOVA
Sum
of
Mean
Squares
df
Square
F
Sig.
Vehicle
Between Groups .409
2
.205
.196 .822
preference
Within Groups
105.437
101
1.044
Total
105.846
103
Peer influence Between Groups 2.998
2
1.499
1.347 .265
Within Groups
112.386
101
1.113
Total
115.385
103
Promotion
of Between Groups 3.123
2
1.562
2.171 .119
EV
Within Groups
72.636
101
.719
Total
75.760
103
The one-way ANOVA results in Table 8 examine the relationship between age and three
aspects of consumer behavior related to electric vehicles (EVs): vehicle preference, peer
influence, and promotion of EVs. The study focused on understanding the perceptions of young
individuals aged 18-30 in Ahmedabad, India, using quantitative data collected from 104
respondents. For vehicle preference, the F-value (0.196) and significance level (p = 0.822)
suggest no significant difference between age groups regarding their preference for EVs.
Similarly, for peer influence, the F-value (1.347) and p-value (0.265) show no significant
difference between age groups in how peers influence their EV-related decisions.
Lastly, for promotion of EVs, while the F-value is slightly higher at 2.171, the
significance level (p = 0.119) still indicates no significant age-related differences in perceptions
of EV promotions. These results suggest that the factors of consumer behavior—vehicle
preference, peer influence, and promotion—are not significantly influenced by age in this
sample. This analysis, conducted using SPSS, allowed for an empirical evaluation of key factors
influencing young adults' EV adoption. The use of ANOVA helped assess whether age plays a
role in shaping these perceptions, ultimately suggesting that other variables, such as
environmental concerns or technological advancements, may have more influence.
CONCLUSION
present study provides valuable insights into the perceptions of young adults in India,
specifically Ahmedabad, regarding electric vehicle (EV) adoption. Through quantitative
analysis, key factors such as vehicle preference, peer influence, and promotion of EVs were
explored in relation to age. The results of the one-way ANOVA indicated that age did not
significantly affect these factors, implying that other variables, such as environmental concerns
and technological advancements, may play a more crucial role in shaping EV adoption among
young consumers. This highlights the growing awareness and interest in sustainability and
innovation across all age groups within the 18-30 demographic. Additionally, the findings
suggest that the promotion of EVs should target a broader youth audience, regardless of age,
with a focus on enhancing technological features and emphasizing environmental benefits.
Future research could expand the scope of the study by incorporating larger and more
diverse samples across different regions in India, including rural areas where infrastructure for
EVs may be lacking. Additionally, qualitative studies could complement the quantitative data,
offering deeper insights into the specific concerns, motivations, and barriers that young
consumers face. Furthermore, longitudinal studies could track changes in perceptions over time,
especially as EV technology and infrastructure evolve in India.
Globally, the transition to electric vehicles has significant implications for reducing
carbon emissions and combating climate change. As young consumers worldwide become more
conscious of sustainability, understanding their perceptions of EV adoption is crucial for
shaping future policies and marketing strategies. The findings from this study align with global
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trends, where technological advancements and environmental concerns are major drivers for
EV adoption. This global shift can lead to substantial environmental benefits, promoting cleaner
energy use and reducing dependence on fossil fuels across the world.
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