Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
No.
2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
Published by.
HAR PRESS Indonesia Error Analysis in Short Fiction Translation from Indonesian into English Putri Anugraheli Ramba Orun graelputri@gmail.
Universitas Negeri Makassar La Sunra* lasunra@unm.
Universitas Negeri Makassar *corresponding author Abdul Halim abdulhalim@unm.
Universitas Negeri Makassar Abstract This study aims to determine the types of errors in translating short fiction.
The researcher used a qualitative descriptive study with 25 students of English Literature at Makassar State University.
Data collection was carried out from a test to find out what types of errors were in the results of each student's translation.
Based on the results of the study it was found that there were 4 types of errors in the students' translation results, namely Omission.
Addition.
Misinformation and Misordering.
In Week 1 there were 72 omission errors, 60 addition errors, 82 misinformation and 16 misordering errors.
In week 2 there were 53 omission errors, 54 addition errors, 56 misinformation errors and 13 Misordering.
The last test in week 3 was Omission with 30 errors.
Addition with 39 errors, misinformation with 31 errors and misordering with 3 errors.
Finally, the researcher concluded that most students were still confused about using grammar and understanding words because of the influence of the First Language and the lack of competence in the rules or structure of the Second Language.
Keywords: Error.
Translation.
Short Fiction.
INTRODUCTION
The translation is an activity that aims to interpret the meaning of a text from one language to In translation, the context of the text needs to be understood well so that the results of the translation can be interpreted properly and can convey the intent of the message.
According to Assemi.
, & Dehghan.
communication comes from the target language text.
This requires the use of various styles of language as well as aspects of constructing a translation Newmark .
argues that there are many obstacles that a person experiences in making This is because Indonesian and English have different language structures, so there are many errors in interpreting a text.
Until now, students still find it difficult to translate texts which makes them often produce translation errors.
Many factors cause students to be wrong which results in Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
No.
2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
Published by.
HAR PRESS Indonesia The most common is the use of grammar, which is based on differences in structure or knowledge of the target language.
Students in schools and universities have received learning about translation, but there are still many students who often make error that causes the translation imperfect, such as unclear, ambiguous, and deviating from context.
Seeing these problems, the researcher is trying to find out the types of errors made by students in translations and the difficulties that make students unable to translate well.
The use of short stories as a medium can help students to be able to distinguish the use of grammar, as well as understand a context in the text.
From the results of the text, it will be seen how far the students' ability in transferring language, so that later the teacher can apply appropriate teaching techniques that can improve students' abilities and skills.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Translation Translation is generally a process of interpreting one language into another.
In the process of translation, we can see the process of change and the connections created by the two different House .
states that translation is the result of a textual linguistic process by contextualizing a language into the target language.
Simplify Munday .
defines that translation is the process of transferring the written text language from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL).
Error Errors in essence with structural deviations have similarities with mistakes, but actually, error and mistake have different things.
Brown .
defines Errors and Mistakes as two deviations that have different meanings and concepts.
Errors as stated by Brown refer to incompatibilities or imperfections in producing the target language associated with individual competence.
Errors in analyzing or translating are common learning things for learners.
Learning a second language is a process that involves making fail and a learner will immediately connect with new vocabulary, new grammatical patterns, and pronunciations that are different from the learner's mother tongue.
According to Corded .
Error is a systematic deviation that occurs by native speakers.
This relates to errors in identifying the occurrence, characteristics, causes, and sequences of failed In his statement.
Dulay .
states that there are several types of errors which are types that fall into the taxonomy category.
These errors are as follows:
Omission Omission is an error characterized by missing items or particles in a sentence which makes the sentence less and incomplete.
There are several aspects found: students tend to omit the ending s/es for the singular verb and plural, omission of Aoto beAo in sentences that should use to be, omission of auxiliary verbs, omission of the article a/ an for singular nouns and omission of Addition Addition is an item that does not need to appear in a sentence or speech because it does not fit the context or grammar.
The wrong word or phrase needs to be removed to produce the correct Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
No.
2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
Published by.
HAR PRESS Indonesia There are three types of addition errors as follows.
According to Dulay et al Addition is divided into 3 categories, namely double marking, regularization, and simple addition.
Misinformation This is marked by the wrong placement of morphemes or groups of morphemes, both word order and word writing .
Errors in the arrangement of these elements will lead to misinterpretation and of course make the text inaccurate.
Misordering The next error is misordering, which is an error in the arrangement of the word elements in the This is marked by the wrong placement of morphemes or group of morphemes, both word order and word writing .
Errors in the arrangement of these elements will lead to misinterpretation and of course make the text inaccurate.
Short Fiction Lazar .
states that fiction is a short story.
More focus is on the imagination of the author and the moral message in it.
The contents of short fiction are literary works that contain fictional stories or are based on imagination-based "fantasy" fantasies that are not based on actual events but only rely on the imagination of the author's factual experience.
The author's imagination is processed based on his assessment of various events, experiences, insights, views, interpretations, knowledge, realities, and events that are purely fictitious.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher chose fairy tales because it is a type of short fiction that has many choices of figurative words.
It has an imaginative character so that the words used have many symbolic meanings and idioms.
METHOD
In this research, the participant was the students of English Education.
Faculty of Language and Literature.
The State University of Makassar.
The total of the student in this research were 30 students in one class.
Then during the research, the researcher determined 25 students to become participants by considering the results of the translation.
In this research, the researcher used a test to find the types of errors made by students in the results of the translation of Indonesian into English.
The test is a type of written test where students will do the translation.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
The Kinds of Error in StudentsAo Short fiction translation In this section the researcher identified what types of errors were found in the translation results by each student and then explained them by making a table that included student's test results on translation.
The errors were classified into 4 types: Omission, addition, misinformation.
Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
No.
2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
Published by.
HAR PRESS Indonesia Table 1.
The Recapitulation of studentsAo errors Total
Week 1
Total
Week 2
Total
Week 3
Total
E2 E3 E4
E1 E2 E3 E4
E1 E2 E3 E4
60 82 16
230 53 54 56 13
176 30 42 31
Total of Errors .
Based on the table 1, the researcher found that there was a total of 509 errors found in 25 students for the whole of 3 weeks.
The types of errors found include Omission.
Addition, misinformation and misordering.
The results of the analysis show that the number of errors for the first week is 230 errors, the second week is 176 and the third week is 103.
The total number and the percentage of each error type are explained as follows:
Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
No.
2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
Published by.
HAR PRESS Indonesia Table 2.
The Frequency and Percentage Type of Error Types of Error Frequency Total Percent Omission Addition Misinformation Misordering week 1 week 2 Omission Oycy Addition : ycy 509 x 100% = 30.
x 100% = 30.
Misinformation : ycy = 509 = 33.
Misordering :ycy = 6.
Based on table 2 the researcher found 509 errors in the six-semester students from English Literature.
The State University of Makassar.
It can be inferred that the highest frequency of errors is Misinformation.
Then the researcher found 155 errors of Omission with a total percent of 45%, 153 errors of Clarity with a total percent of 30.
05%, and 32 errors of Misordering with a total percent of 6.
The pie chart covers the highest until the lowest rank as follows:
KINDS OF ERRORS
Misinformation Addition Omission Misordering Misordering Omission Misinformation Addition Omission The researcher found that there were several omissions in the students' translation results.
Students omit a sentence element that should be there to make the sentence grammatically correct.
Student Omission errors in AuSingular-PluralAy Student 2 Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
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HAR PRESS Indonesia SL: Dahulu kala, hiduplah seorang penebang kayu miskin yang memiliki dua orang anak bernama Hansel dan Gretel TL: Once Upon a time, there lived a poor woodcutter who has a two child his name Hansel and Gretel Correction: Once Upon a time, there lived a poor woodcutter who has two children named.
Hansel and Gretel Student 16 SL: Gadis berkerudung merah telah beberapa pelajaran baru kalau dia harus mematuhi orang tuanya dan jangan pernah berbicara dengan orang asing lagi TL: The girl with Red Riding hood learns some new lesson that she must listen to her parents and never talk to stranger again Correction: The girl with Red Riding hood learned some new lessons that she must listen to her parents and never talk to a stranger again Student Omission Errors in AoTo beAo Student 10 SL: Pada zaman dahulu, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil, yang suka mengenakan kerudung merah.
TL: Once upon a time, there a little girl who liked to wear a red hood Correction: Once upon a time, there was a little girl who liked to wear a red hood Student 18 SL: Kini setelah malam itu para elf tidak pernah muncul lagi, meski begitu kedua pasangan tersebut tetap bersyukur TL: Now after that night the elves have never appeared again, even so the two couples still grateful Correction: Now after that night, the elves have never appeared again, even so, the couple was still grateful Student Omission errors in AoArticleAo Student 1 SL: Pada zaman dahulu, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil, yang suka mengenakan kerudung merah.
TL: Once Upon the time, there is a little girl who likes to wear a red hood Correction: Once Upon a time, there was a little girl who likes to wear a red hood Student 19 SL: Dahulu kala, hiduplah seorang penebang kayu miskin yang memiliki dua orang anak bernama Hansel dan Gretel TL: Once Upon time, there lived a poor woodcutter have a two son names Hansel and Gretel Correction: Once Upon a time, there lived a poor woodcutter who has two sons named Hansel and Gretel Student Omission Errors in AoverbAo Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
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HAR PRESS Indonesia Student 4 SL: Gadis berkerudung merah telah belajar beberapa pelajaran baru kalau dia harus mematuhi orang tuanya.
TL: The red hooded girl has learnt some new lessons that she must obey her parents.
Correction: The Little Red Riding Hood has learned some new lessons that she must obey her Student 9 SL: Alkisah, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil yang suka memakai kerudung merah, sehingga semua orang memanggilnya Little Riding Hood TL: A long time ago, live a little girl who like to wear a red hood so all the people called her little Red Riding hood Correction: A long time ago, there lived a little girl who liked to wear a red hood so all the people called her Little Red Riding Hood Addition Several forms of 'Addition' were found such as the addition of a suffix s/es, the addition of the Aeing after modal, and the addition of Aoto beAo.
Student Addition errors of AoDouble MarkingAo Student 23 SL: Alkisah, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil yang suka memakai kerudung merah, sehingga semua orang memanggilnya Little Riding Hood TL: Once Upon a time, there is a little girl that love wear a red riding hood that everyone called her little red Riding hood.
Correction: Once Upon a time, there is a little girl who loved to wear a red riding hood that everyone called her little red Riding hood.
Student 19 SL: Dahulu kala, hiduplah seorang penebang kayu miskin yang memiliki dua orang anak bernama Hansel dan Gretel TL: Once Upon a time, there lived a poor woodcutter have a two sons names Hansel and Gretel Correction: Once Upon a time, there lived a poor woodcutter have two sons named Hansel and Gretel Student Addition errors of AoregulationAo Student 20 SL: Istri penebang Kayu tersebut memiliki sifat Jahat dan iri kepada kedua anaknya yang merupakan anak tiri TL: The woodworker wife have a bad personality and envy to her step childs Correction: The woodworker's wife has a bad personality and envy to her stepchildren Student 21 Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
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2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
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HAR PRESS Indonesia SL: Alkisah, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil yang suka memakai kerudung merah, sehingga semua orang memanggilnya Little Riding Hood TL: Once upon a time, there is a little girl that love wear read riding hod, that everyone called her little Red Riding Hood Student Addition errors of AoSimple additionAo Student 1 SL: Gadis berkerudung merah sampai ke rumah sang nenek TL: The little red riding hood arrive to her grandmotherAos house Correction: The little red riding hood arrived at her grandmotherAos house Student 4 SL: Alkisah, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil yang suka memakai kerudung merah, sehingga semua orang memanggilnya Little Riding Hood TL: Once upon a time, there are lived a little girl who liked to wear a red veil Correction: Once upon a time, there lived a little girl who liked to wear a red hood Missinformation The next error is misordering, which is an error in the arrangement of the word elements in the sentence.
Student 1 SL: Suatu hari ibunya memintanya untuk mengantarkan sekeranjang barang ke rumah neneknya.
TL: One day, his mother asked him to deliver a basket of goods to his grandmotherAos house Correction: One day, her mother asked her to deliver a basket of goods to her grandmotherAos Student 2 SL: Sang nenek segera memeluk cucu kecilnya dan berterima kasih pada si tukang kayu telah menyelamatkan mereka TL: The Grandmother immediately hugged her little grandson and thanked the carpenter Correction: The Grandmother immediately hugged her little granddaughter and thanked the Misordering The next error is misordering, which is an error in the arrangement of the word elements in the sentence.
Student 14 SL: Gadis berkerudung merah tiba di rumah neneknya TL: The Red Hood girl arrived to the GrandmotherAos house Correction: The Girl with Red Hood arrived at the GrandmotherAos house Student 19 Celebes Journal of Language Studies Vol.
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2 December 2023 ISSN: 2776-7493 (Media Ceta.
ISSN: 2808-2079 (Media Onlin.
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HAR PRESS Indonesia SL: Suatu hari ibunya memintanya untuk mengantarkan sekeranjang barang ke rumah neneknya.
TL: One day, her mother asked her to take a wolf and a basket of goods to her grandmotherAos Correction: One day, her mother asked her to bring a basket of goods to her grandmotherAos house Overall, from the description and explanation of each of these errors, it can be informed that the type of error that is most commonly found in student work results is Missinformation.
This can be seen in students using the wrong pronouns, using inappropriate subject elements, and misspelling each word so that the meaning of the message in the text cannot be conveyed properly.
Furthermore, after examining all the results, students can be informed that Misordering is the type of error that has the least number of errors found from other types of errors.
Misordering in students' translation results is more directed at the arrangement of morphemes and words that are not in the correct order and position.
But behind that, understanding the meaning of the text can still be understood.
CONCLUSIONS
After analyzing the data, the researcher stated that there were 3 important points as follow:
Based on the results, the researcher found that there were 4 types of errors found in the translation results of The State University of Makassar students, namely Omission.
Addition.
Misinformation, and Misordering.
The test is given to students once in 3 weeks, and the cumulative number is that in Week 1 there are 72 errors in omission, addition is 60 errors, misinformation is 82 errors and misordering is 16 errors.
In week 2, the error on omission was 53, addition was 54 errors, misinformation was 56 errors and misordering was 13 errors.
The last test in week 3 was Omission with 30 errors.
Addition with 39 errors, misinformation with 31 errors and misordering with 3 errors.
The researcher found that Missinformation was the most common type of error found in student translation results and Misordering was the least found type of error.
REFERENCES