e-ISSN : 3090-5354 Vol.
No.
April 2025 A 2025 Journal of Digitalization in Physics Education The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills: A Research-Based Analytical Study Azizatul Nur Rohmah1*.
Nurita Apridiana Lestari1.
Hanandita Veda Saphira2 1State University of Surabaya.
Surabaya.
Indonesia 2University of Wollongong.
Wollongong.
Australia DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
63230/dpe.
Sections Info Article history:
Submitted: February 21, 2025 Final Revised: May 2, 2025 Accepted: May 2, 2025 Published: May 7, 2025 Keywords:
Learning models.
Literature review.
Physics education.
STEAM.
21st Century Skills.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The STEAM approach has an important role in improving 21st-century skills in students so that it can prepare them to face future demands.
This study aims to analyze the effect of the STEAM approach in physics learning on improving 21stcentury skills.
Method: This study is literature research with a qualitative approach that uses national and international journals as data sources.
Data were collected through Google Scholar and Scopus, and as many as 20 journal articles related to the STEAM approach in physics learning were published in 2020-2024.
The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis through literature study.
Results:
Based on the research results, using the STEAM approach has a significant positive impact on various 21st-century skills, including creativity, concept understanding, critical thinking, argumentation skills, and problem-solving.
Among these skills, creative thinking skills were the most measured.
In addition, the STEAM approach is often integrated with learning models such as STEAM Learning and Project-Based Learning (PjBL).
These findings confirm the effectiveness of the STEAM approach in developing comprehensive skills in students.
Novelty: This research is expected to provide strategic insights for educators in designing innovative and practical learning, especially by utilizing the STEAM approach to support the needs of 21stcentury education.
INTRODUCTION
21st-century skills are the primary focus of education in the era of globalization and technological advances that continue to grow rapidly.
21st-century skills are needed to prepare students to compete in the global marketplace (Junyanti, 2.
Creativity, innovation, and the ability to adapt to change can be the key to facing challenges in an era of ever-evolving technological advances (Jaya et al.
, 2.
By having 21st-century skills, students are expected to be better prepared to face global market competition.
These skills include thinking critically and creatively, communicating, collaborating, solving problems, and digital literacy (Ramadhan, 2.
Additionally, 21st-century skills include soft and dispositional skills such as cross-cultural skills, collaboration, critical thinking, and problem-solving (Ishartono et al.
, 2.
In education, it is important to develop new forms of learning to overcome global challenges (Joynes et al.
, 2.
This can be done by paying attention to innovative approaches used in learning.
The innovative approach must be used to improve and train 21st-century skills (Muliana et al.
, 2.
One approach that can be applied is the STEAM approach (Science.
Technology.
Engineering.
Arts, and Mathematic.
The STEAM approach is a 21st-century learning method that integrates science, technology, engineering, math, and art into the learning process (Harahap et al.
, 2.
The STEAM approach integrates various disciplines of science and art.
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php/dpe 38986 - 1 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review the STEAM approach can stimulate student development optimally so that students not only stand out in the academic field but socially as well (MuAominah & Suryaningsih, 2.
because the STEAM approach not only focuses on content, but also various skills such as collaboration, communication, problem-solving ability, and critical thinking skills (Tabiin, 2.
Based on this, it is known that the STEAM approach has an important role in improving 21st-century skills in students so that it can prepare students to face future demands (Al-Mutawah et al.
, 2.
21st-century skills will provide a foundation for students to have soft skills and skills that can compete in a highly competitive global market (Kadri et al.
, 2.
Meanwhile, the STEAM approach that integrates various disciplines of science and art will produce an academically and socially skilled generation (Arodani et al.
, 2.
The STEAM approach involves a deep critical thinking process, creativity in exploring new ideas, and innovation to create relevant and applicable solutions, thus encouraging learners to integrate various disciplines in facing real-world challenges (Sutrisno & Syukur, 2.
Not only that.
STEAM-based learning equips people with information management skills, continuous learning, innovation, global awareness, and strong character to meet the high market demand for science-based products and technological skills (Atmojo.
Thus, integrating the STEAM approach into learning can be done to improve students' 21st-century skills so that students can develop their skills optimally and be ready to face competition in the future.
Physics is one of the subjects in school that is complex and abstract, so it is often a challenge to learn (Yunzal & Casinillo, 2.
In addition, physics is also a science that explains and analyzes various natural phenomena, which are usually done by experimentation, measurement, and mathematical presentation (Ady, 2.
This is often the reason students in schools have difficulty learning physics subjects.
Therefore, it is important for an educator to create a fun, interactive, and innovative learning environment by utilizing existing resources and involving students directly in physics learning (Mahendra et al.
, 2.
The STEAM approach can provide hands-on experience and opportunities for students to explore abstract physics concepts (Ozkan & Unsal, 2.
A strong and deep understanding can be a foundation for students to learn other science subjects.
The STEAM approach is one of the student-centered learning approaches that can encourage students' deeper conceptual understanding (Amelia & Marini, 2.
Thus, the STEAM approach can be a solution to overcome students' learning difficulties in understanding complex and abstract physics material.
Implementing the STEAM approach in learning is still very little (Ishartono et al.
This can occur due to various factors, especially in the educator, namely the Teachers have difficulties integrating the STEAM approach into teaching.
One is related to planning educational programs with different weights between science and humanities subjects in the curriculum.
In addition, the STEAM approach integrates various disciplines and is complex, requiring skilled teachers to integrate science, arts, and humanities as a whole (Perales & Arystegui, 2.
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php/dpe 38986 - 2 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review The integration of the STEAM approach with learning has many positive impacts.
The STEAM approach will involve students and teachers directly in learning to provide an authentic experience in the teaching and learning process (Atiaturrahmaniah et al.
In addition, students can gain a deeper understanding of science and mathematical concepts, which can improve their cognitive and affective skills.
Other skills carried out in the STEAM approach allow students to share knowledge and experiences and increase student creativity and innovation in learning (Belbase et al.
Much research has been done on the STEAM approach to understand its effect on Research conducted by Mu'minah and Suryaningsih .
discusses the application of STEAM to the development of 21st-century skills in science learning.
addition, there is research conducted by Rahman to explore the influence of STEAM on physics learning (Rahman et al.
, 2.
The novelty of this research lies in analyzing the effect of the STEAM approach in physics learning to improve 21st-century skills, as well as identifying learning models that are usually integrated.
Based on this, the author aims to analyze the effect of the STEAM approach in physics learning to improve 21st-century skills because it is expected that by knowing the effect of applying the STEAM approach in student learning, it can be a solution to design effective and appropriate learning strategies to prepare students to face future challenges by having the skills needed.
RESEARCH METHOD
This study aims to analyze the effect of the STEAM approach in physics learning to improve 21st-century skills in students.
21st-century skills, such as creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving, are at the center of education today to prepare students for global challenges.
Integrating STEAM, which combines science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics, is expected to stimulate the development of students' skills holistically.
This research is a literature review, so the method used is a literature study.
Secondary data is used by using several journals and articles that can be accounted for nationally and internationally.
The articles or journals used in this study are 20 journal articles from 2020-2024 obtained through Google Scholar and Scopus searches related to the STEAM approach to physics and 21st-century skills.
After collecting several journals, they will be analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis through literature studies.
The research uses a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data in the form of written sentences and reviews results from research articles.
According to Miles and Huberman .
, the stages of data analysis in qualitative research can generally be carried out, as shown in Figure 1 (Suliyanah et , 2.
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php/dpe 38986 - 3 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Data collection Presentation of data Data reduction Conclusion Figure 1.
The flow of data analysis Based on Figure 1, this study carried out the data analysis stage in four stages.
The first stage is collecting data.
In this study, the data collection process was carried out by searching for journals on Google Scholar and Scopus to get information about the STEAM approach to physics and its effect on 21st-century skills.
The second stage is data reduction.
At this stage, the author summarizes, selects the main things, and focuses on important things so that the data obtained has a clear picture and makes it easier for researchers to collect further data.
The third stage is data presentation, where in this study, the data will be presented with narrative text in the form of a brief description of the data found and article review tables.
The fourth stage is conclusion and verification, which is to conclude the review results and explain new findings that have never existed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Results STEAM is one of the results of developing the STEM approach, namely by adding the Art aspect to the STEAM approach.
However, the addition of art components is not only for drawing or coloring but also to form creativity and creative thinking patterns in students' learning skills in the 21st century (Lee, 2.
STEAM learning is a contextual learning approach that allows learners to understand the events around In STEAM learning, students are encouraged to be able to solve problems encountered in everyday life through the stages of scientific methods (Purwanti et al.
The following table reviews the results of several research journals related to the relationship between the STEAM approach and 21st-century skills in Physics learning, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1.
Review result of STEAM approach and 21st century skills in physics learning from 2020-2024.
Description Author Year Anis Fitriyah and Shefa Dwijayanti R DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe Influence on 21st Century Skills Creative Thinking Model or Approach Used Project Based 38986 - 4 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Description Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Pengaruh Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis Pjbl (Project-Based Learnin.
Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Dan Berpikir Kritis STEAM has a significant impact on students' creative thinking skills Rauzatul Jannah.
M Taufiq, and Rahma Rahma Pengaruh Penerapan Pendekatan STEAM Pada Materi Fluida Statis Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Jangka STEAM learning has an influence on students' Concept Understanding Abd.
Rohman.
Ishafit, and Hotimatul Husna Pengaruh Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Terintegrasi STEAM Terhadap Berpikir Kreatif ditinjau dari Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Siswa SMA Pada Materi Dinamika Rotasi STEAM has a significant influence on students' Creative Thinking skills Agus Budiyono.
Hotimatul, and Husna Arin Wilandi Pengaruh Penerapan Model PBL Terintegrasi STEAM Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ditinjau dari Pemahaman Konsep Siswa STEAM has a significant effect on students' Creative Thinking ability.
Ayu Andriani Bandul Alarm Gempa Produk Implementasi STEAM dalam Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Inquiry Pada kelas XI MIA 4 di SMAN 4 Kejuruan Muda Tp 2019/2020 STEAM implementation can mastery of concepts and argumentation skills Sri Lestari Spectra-Plus Assisted STEAM Approach 21st Century Skills Orientation in Learning Physics STEAM assisted by spectra-plus can improve scientific critical thinking skills Anis Fitriyah and Shefa Dwijayanti R Pengaruh Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis Pjbl (Project-Based Learnin.
Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Dan Berpikir Kritis STEAM has a significant impact on students' DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe Influence on 21st Century Skills Model or Approach Used Learning Concept Understanding STEAM Creative Thinking Project Based Learning Creative Thinking Problem Based Learning Argumentation Skills Inquiry Critical Thinking STEAM Critical Thinking Project Based Learning 38986 - 5 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Description Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Critical Thinking skills Safriana.
Fajrul Wahdi G, and Khairina Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning Berbasis STEAM Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Pada Materi Alat- Alat Optik Di SMA STEAM berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Creative Thinking siswa Tasta Witdiya.
Gito Supriadi.
Atin Supriatin, and Jhelang Annovasho The Effect of STEAM Learning on Improving Each Indicator of Students' Creative Thinking in Physics Learning STEAM learning has an effect on students' Creative Thinking ability.
Muhammad Syukri.
Zhaifatul Ukhaira.
Zainuddin.
Fitria Herliana.
Nurazidawati, and Mohamad Arsad The Influence Of STEAM-Based Learning Application on Students' Critical Thinking Ability STEAM has a significant influence on students' Critical Thinking ability.
Wasito Utomo.
Wiwid Suryono.
Jimmi.
Tomi Apra S, and Ika Agustina The Effect of STEAM-Based Hybrid Based Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Skills STEAM has a higher effect on Critical Thinking ability.
Adriyawati.
Erry Utomo.
Yuli Rahmawati, and Alin Mardiah STEAM-Project Based Learning Integration to Improve Elementary School Students' Scientific Literacy on Alternative Energy Learning STEAM-PjBL integration encourages student curiosity and problem solving Enggar Kusuma T.
Nawang Sulistyani, and Dian Fitri Nur Aini Implementasi Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis PjBL Terhadap Kemampuan Problem Solving pada Materi Energi Alternatif di SD STEAM learning model can improve students' ability to solve problems.
Ferawati Artauli H and Tetti Hasibuan Efektivitas Pembelajaran STEAM Berbasis PJBL Dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe Influence on 21st Century Skills Model or Approach Used Creative Thinking Project Based Learning Creative Thinking STEAM Critical Thinking STEAM Critical Thinking Hybrid Based Learning Problem Solving Project Based Learning Problem Solving Project Based Learning Creativity Project Based Learning 38986 - 6 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Description Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Author Year Title Research Results Mahasiswa Teknik Sipil Mata Kuliah Mekanika Fluida Dan Hidrolika STEAM is feasible and recommended for use because it has increased student creativity Sh.
Ramankulov.
Choruh, and S.
Polatuly STEAM Technology as A Tool for Developing Creativity of Students: On the Example of a School Physics Course STEAM can be used to develop students' Gulbin Ozkan and Unsal Umdu Topsakal Investigating the effectiveness of STEAM studentsAo understanding of force and energy topics STEAM influences students' conceptual understanding and reduces misconceptions.
Mohd Zaidi Bin Amiruddin.
Dhela Rochmatul Magfiroh.
Irma Savitri and Sitti Maizatul Iqma Binti Rahman Analysis of The Application of The STEAM Approach to Learning in Indonesia:
Contributions to Physics Education The application of STEAM can improve creative thinking, critical thinking, and concept understanding skills.
Emma Suganda1.
Sri Latifah.
Irwanandi.
Putri Mardiana Sari.
Henita Rahmayanti.
Ilmi Zajuli Ichsan.
Md.
Mehadi Rahman STEAM and Environment on studentsAo creativethinking skills: A meta-analysis study STEAM learning can improve students' Creative Thinking skills R E Anggraeni and Suratno The analysis of the development of the 5ESTEAM learning model to improve critical thinking skills in natural science lesson Integrating the STEAM approach can improve students' Critical Thinking skills Agnesi Sekarsari Putri.
Zuhand Kun Prasetyo.
Lusila Andriani Purwastuti.
Anti Kolonial Prodjosantoso.
Himawan Putranta Effectiveness of STEAM-based blended learning on studentsAocritical and creative thinking skills STEAM-based integrated learning improves critical thinking and creative skills DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe Influence on 21st Century Skills Model or Approach Used Creativity STEAM Concept Understanding STEAM Creative Thinking.
Critical, and Concept Understanding STEAM Creative Thinking STEAM Critical Thinking STEAM Critical Thinking and Creative Blended Based Learning 38986 - 7 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Table 1 shows that various studies have examined the effect of the STEAM approach on 21st-century skills in students, focusing on aspects such as creative thinking, critical thinking, concept understanding, argumentation skills, creativity, and problem-solving The distribution of the research results is interpreted in Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Distribution chart of the effect of STEAM approach on 21st century skills.
Figure 2 shows that the STEAM approach is most widely integrated to measure creative thinking skills, with 8 supporting documents.
Furthermore, critical thinking skills are measured in 7 documents.
Concept understanding is recorded in 3 documents, while problem-solving skills and creativity are measured in 2 documents each.
Finally, there is 1 document that measures argumentation skills.
In addition, based on table 1, it can be seen that the STEAM approach can be integrated in various learning models such as Project Based Learning (PjBL).
STEAM learning.
Problem Based Learning (PBL).
Inquiry.
Hybrid Based Learning and Blended Based Learning in physics education.
The distribution of the research results is interpreted in Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Distribution chart of learning models integrated with STEAM approach.
Figure 3 shows that the STEAM approach is mostly integrated with the STEAM learning model, which is recorded in 9 research documents.
This approach is also often integrated with the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model, which is supported by seven Meanwhile, the Problem-Based Learning (PBL).
Inquiry.
Hybrid-Based Learning, and Blended-Based Learning models were each integrated in 1 research DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe 38986 - 8 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review Based on Figures 2 and 3, each study shows that the STEAM approach consistently provides positive effects in improving the targeted skills.
For example, the implementation of STEAM was shown to significantly improve students' creative thinking, critical thinking, and concept understanding skills, especially when integrated with various learning models.
The data also revealed that creative thinking skills were the most researched aspect using the STEAM approach, with the STEAM Learning model being the most dominant.
These findings confirm the effectiveness of the STEAM approach in developing well-rounded skills in students, preparing them to face challenges in the era of globalization and the dynamics of an increasingly complex changing world.
Discussion The result shows that using STEAM significantly influences students' 21st-century In addition, integrating STEAM into learning can positively affect student The STEAM approach can also be integrated with various learning models, primarily through the STEAM Learning and Project-Based Learning (PjBL) The STEAM approach significantly influences student creativity because it involves innovative and creative thinking processes.
As a learning tool.
STEAM helps students develop science and technology-based ideas and ideas through an integrated process of critical thinking, exploration, and problem-solving from five main disciplines (Rahma, 2.
Integrating this approach into innovative learning can produce creative and critical ideas and solutions that make it easier for students to solve various problems (Fitriyah & Ramadani, 2.
In addition, the STEAM-based learning process encourages the development of students' creative thinking skills by producing relevant and applicable results (Amiruddin et al.
, 2.
Specifically, the STEAM approach's art stage, which involves students designing and creating products based on problemsolving, can effectively hone their creativity (Budiyono et al.
, 2.
At the tertiary level.
STEAM improves students' creative thinking skills by providing more opportunities for exploration through discussions, presentations, questions and answers, and experiments in projects assigned by lecturers (Hasibuan, 2.
Furthermore.
STEAM also enables skill development, practical application of knowledge, and implementation of creative ideas in educational institutions and professional activities of school graduates (Ramankulov et al.
, 2.
This indicates that integrating STEAM elements in learning can stimulate students' Creativity in solving problems and generating new ideas.
STEAM involves art elements encouraging students to find innovative solutions and creative thinking.
Art also encourages students' imagination and broader thinking and creates original and innovative solutions (Cahyani et al.
, 2.
STEAM learning also has a positive influence on students' concept understanding.
The results of research conducted (Ozkan & Umdu, 2.
show that the STEAM approach positively affects students' conceptual understanding and can reduce or change the number of misconceptions related to force and energy.
This research is in DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe 38986 - 9 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review line with that conducted (Amiruddin et al.
, 2.
, which shows that the application of STEAM positively impacts physics learning and improves students' concept understanding even though it requires special expertise from teachers.
In addition, the STEAM approach can improve students' mastery of concepts because this approach provides learning experiences that integrate knowledge, skills, and attitudes and places students as active learners (Jannah et al.
, 2.
This suggests that the STEAM approach can help students to understand scientific concepts better through an integrated approach between various disciplines.
STEAM learning can strengthen understanding by allowing students to learn in a real and relevant context to link academic concepts with applications in everyday life (Rakhmawati et al.
, 2.
STEAM learning can also positively influence improving students' critical thinking skills (Amiruddin et al.
, 2.
This research aligns with that conducted by Anggraeni and Suratno .
, which shows that a learning model that combines the 5E learning cycle with the STEAM approach can improve critical thinking skills.
At the engagement stage, the teacher asks students questions in the form of contextual problems to stimulate students with HOTS questions so that students begin to think and discuss the problem (Anggraeni & Suratno, 2.
Furthermore.
STEAM learning encourages students to think critically by observing problems, comparing observations, and finding the right solution (Lestari, 2.
The results of research conducted (Putri et al.
, 2.
also support that STEAM-based blended learning can improve students' critical thinking skills by creating a learning environment that supports thinking activities.
Similarly, the findings of (Syukri et al.
, 2.
highlight that STEAM-based learning oriented towards active student involvement can stimulate students to think critically so that students actively ask questions, discuss, and express opinions.
The STEAM approach can encourage students to solve problems, and problemsolving is done with critical thinking (Khoiriyyah et al.
, 2.
This shows that learning that integrates STEAM elements can help students develop better analysis and evaluation skills.
In addition, this study also shows that STEAM learning can improve students' argumentation skills (Andriani, 2.
This shows that the STEAM approach can help students develop the ability to construct arguments based on scientific This is by applying STEAM to learning, namely preparing students to be able to solve problems, make decisions, and communicate and collaborate (Ulfayani et al.
Some studies also show that STEAM learning can improve students' problem-solving Research conducted (Adriyawati et al.
, 2.
shows that the integration of STEAM with the PjBL learning model in science learning encourages students to see the relevance of science knowledge to the phenomena of everyday life, develop curiosity, and improve problem-solving skills.
Applying STEAM-PjBL learning can also improve problem-solving skills because, in each meeting, students are trained to identify problems, analyze information, draw conclusions, and create relevant solutions or works (Triprani et al.
, 2.
This highlights that the STEAM approach can help students develop the ability to identify problems, formulate solution strategies, and DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe 38986 - 10 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review evaluate the proposed solutions.
The integration of STEAM based on PjBL is suitable for integration because it can bring up creative and critical ideas and solutions, making it easier to solve problems (Fitriyah & Ramadani, 2.
The STEAM approach can also be integrated with various learning models, such as STEAM Learning.
Project-based Learning (PjBL).
Problem-based Learning (PBL).
Inquiry.
Hybrid Learning, and Blended Based Learning.
However, in this study, the learning model that is more integrated with STEAM is the STEAM learning model.
STEAM is one of the 21st-century learning models that focuses on developing soft skills, such as creativity, problem-solving, collaboration, and critical thinking (Damayanti et , 2.
The STEAM learning model is designed to integrate science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics in learning, which aligns with the STEAM approach's essence (Darmadi et al.
, 2.
This integration allows for a more systematic and comprehensive implementation and allows educators to design learning activities that suit students' needs.
Moreover, the STEAM learning model supports students' concept understanding and the development of 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration, which are the primary targets of the STEAM approach (Amiruddin et al.
, 2.
Furthermore.
Project-based Learning (PjBL) learning models are also commonly integrated with the STEAM approach.
Project-based learning invites students to actively engage in the learning process by addressing real-world challenges collaboratively through projects that require concrete application of knowledge and skills (Tubagus et al.
, 2.
The STEAM (Science.
Technology.
Engineering.
Arts.
Mathematic.
approach is more integrated in Project Based Learning (PjBL) because this combination makes the learning process more dense and essential (Cahyani et al.
, 2.
The PjBL learning model integrated with the STEAM approach has five stages that can facilitate the development of students' creative thinking (Rohman et al.
, 2.
Each stage in this learning encourages students to work together, communicate with friends, solve problems, and take responsibility (Fitriyah & Ramadani, 2.
Although the STEAM-based Project-Based Learning model can be applied to improve 21st-century skills, its application requires a long time for implementation (Safriana et al.
, 2.
CONCLUSION
Fundamental Finding: Based on the results and discussion, implementing the STEAM approach in physics learning has a significant positive impact on developing 21stcentury skills in students.
The STEAM approach improves various aspects, such as creative thinking, critical thinking, concept understanding, argumentation, and problem-solving skills.
The most measurable skill through the STEAM approach is creative thinking skills.
In addition, this study found that suitable learning models integrated with the STEAM approach are STEAM Learning and Project-Based Learning (PjBL) because they can make the learning process more robust and meaningful.
This confirms the importance of STEAM integration in the education curriculum to prepare students for increasingly complex future demands.
Implications: The results of this DPE: https://journal.
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php/dpe 38986 - 11 The Effect of STEAM Approach in Physics Learning to Enhance 21st Century Skills : A Literature Review study provide a strong basis for developing more effective learning strategies in physics For educators.
STEAM is a learning model to increase student interest and Limitation: In this study, the limitations are related to the limited sample coverage and limitations in a particular educational context, namely only reviewing the 21st-century skills measured and the learning models integrated with the STEAM So, this study still needs to be further tested in a broader and more diverse context to strengthen the generalizability of the findings.
Future Research: Future research is recommended to explore the effectiveness of the STEAM approach in a broader and more diverse educational context, such as suitable learning materials integrated with the STEAM approach, the effectiveness of the STEAM approach at each level of education to find out the extent to which this approach is relevant in various stages of student development.
Learning media that can support STEAM integration that supports student engagement.
REFERENCES