Journal for Quality in Women's Health DOI : https://doi.
org/10.
30994/jqwh.
https://jqwh.
ISSN: 2615-6660 .
2615-6644 .
Vol.
8 No 2.
September 2025.
Page 159-166
EFFECTIVENESS OF ZINC SUPPLY ON WEIGHT IN
TODDLERS AGED 2-5 YEARS AT TPMB INDRA WAHYU
Riza Tsalatsatul Mufida1.
Nur Afidatul Fajriyah 2 1,2Program Studi S1 Kebidanan.
Universitas STRADA Indonesia.
Kota Kediri.
Indonesia Email: 1 rizamufida89@strada.
id , 2 fajri.
afida@gmail.
Phone number penulis : 62 822-46885556
ABSTRACT
The problem of tissue deterioration due to malnutrition is usually characterized by weight loss and stunted development.
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of zinc supplementation on weight gain for toddlers aged 2-5 years.
This study used a quasiexperimental method with a pre-test - post-test design in one group.
The sampling technique used purposive sampling.
The sample of toddlers aged 2-5 years was 52 respondents.
This study used the Wilcoxon Test.
The results of the study after the intervention for 30 days, most experienced weight gain as many as 32 children .
%) and those whose weight remained as many as 7 children .
%).
The statistical test obtained a p value = 0.
001 so that p <0.
05, which means there is effectiveness of zinc syrup supplementation on weight gain for toddlers aged 2-5 years at TPMB Indra Wahyu.
This study recommends providing zinc to toddlers with underweight and severaly underweight nutritional status regularly once a day as much as 10 mg .
while still consuming nutritious food as a source of nutrition for toddlers.
Keywords: Increased Weight in Toddlers.
Zinc Syrup
Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 159
Journal for Quality in Women's Health
INTRODUCTION
Growth and development are continuous processes from conception to maturity, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
Growth refers to changes in size, while development relates to differentiation of form or function, including emotional and social Several factors influence food intake, including eating habits and preferences for certain foods, which persist into adulthood and are often difficult to correct.
Eating problems in children can negatively impact their growth and development.
The amount of food consumed by a child can indicate a risk of malnutrition (Sudarman et al.
Nutritional deficiencies cause the body's food reserves to be used to meet metabolic needs.
Tissue depletion occurs when nutrient reserves are used over a prolonged period.
When this tissue depletion occurs, a person is considered malnourished, typically characterized by weight loss and stunted development .
r Meitria Syahadatina Noor et al.
, 2.
(Saranani et al.
, 2.
From the monitoring results of the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey Team (INSS) which is carried out every year, the results of the prevalence of (Body Weight/Ag.
from 2021 - 2022 nationally have increased from 17.
0% in 2021 to 1% in 2022.
For the East Java region from 2021 - 2022 there has been a decrease, namely from 16.
1% in 2021 to 8% in 2022.
Specifically for the Malang district area, the prevalence of (Body Weight/Ag.
from 2021 - 2022 has decreased from 14.
5% in 2021 to 13.
4% in 2022 (BKPK, 2.
Based on data obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS), the prevalence of severely underweight toddlers was 2%, and underweight 3%, out of 39,162 toddlers.
Meanwhile, in Malang Regency, the prevalence of underweight toddlers was 13%, out of a total of 2,507 toddlers .
d, 2.
Based on the study In a preliminary survey at Independent Midwife Practice Place Indra Wahyu, 3-4 mothers of toddlers reported that their toddlers had not gained weight in the past 2-3 months.
The mothers of toddlers reported that their children's eating patterns were as usual, 2-3 times per day with side dishes usually consisting of eggs, sausages, nuggets, fried chicken, and tofu and Seven out of 10 mothers of toddlers reported that their children did not like fruits and vegetables.
Based on the above data, the author is interested in conducting research to prove the effectiveness of zinc supplementation on weight gain at Independent Midwife Practice Place Indra Wahyu.
Research conducted by Risful Maulida et al.
showed that the combination of zinc syrup and Modisco was highly effective in increasing the weight of toddlers with PEM (Maulins & Aksohini Wijayanti.
This nutritional deficiency can be addressed by administering zinc.
Zinc aids metabolism and enzyme activity, one of which is improving enzyme When enzymes function properly, food intake is easily absorbed and functions optimally, aiding growth.
Supplementing with zinc syrup is Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 160 Journal for Quality in Women's Health expected to increase body weight because it accelerates metabolism (Astuti et al.
METHODS
This study used a Quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test - post-test design (Nurlan, 2.
With a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 52
independent variable was zinc syrup and the dependent variable was pre- and Varia Operati Parame bles onal
Definit Indicat
Bou
Wei
Gai
(BB)
Weighi Z Score at PMB Nur Afida Fre :Zin Syr The -Pre Supple adminis on -Post Supple dents at a dose mg/da y for 1 Mea Scale Zinc Da Catego ta ry BB Presupple on .
BB Post Supple on .
post-supplementation The Wilcoxon statistical test was used to determine the relationship between the two variables.
Analysis using the Wilcoxon statistical test obtained p = 0.
001 <0.
05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means there was a difference in the provision of zinc syrup on changes in the weight of toddlers aged 2-5 years at at Independent Midwife Practice Place Indra Wahyu.
RESULTS
This study used a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test Using purposive sampling, a sample of 52 respondents was obtained.
The independent variable was zinc syrup and the dependent variable was pre- and post-supplementation This study has undergone ethical clearance with the number 001909/EC/KEPK/I/12/2024.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria were met.
The inclusion criteria are as follows:
Toddlers aged 2-5 years .
Toddlers with low body weight .
ased on the Z score assessment of the BB/U category with results <-2SD) .
Willing to be a respondent Exclusion criteria are:
Toddlers undergoing zinc treatment .
Toddlers born prematurely.
Toddlers who are not taking other .
Toddlers who are intolerant to zinc .
Respondents who did not reach the target dose in zinc consumption .
ull 30 day.
Toddlers who experience excessive nausea, vomiting or diarrhea as a side effect of zinc consumption.
Sick supplementation intervention The operational definitions of the variables in this study are explained in the following table.
Table of Operational Definitions of Research Variables Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 161 Journal for Quality in Women's Health The statistical test used in this study was the Wilcoxon test to determine the relationship between the two variables.
Analysis using the Wilcoxon statistical test resulted in p = 0.
001 < 0.
05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning there was a difference in the administration of zinc syrup on changes in the weight of toddlers aged 2-5 years at TPMB Indra Wahyu.
RESEARCH RESULT
Table 1 Distribution of Respondent Characteristics and Variables Research Frequency Percentage .
(%) Gender Man Woman Child Sequence Status The first child Second child The third More than 3 Mother's Education Elementary School Junior High School Senior High School Work Housewife Worker Source:
Research December 9, 2024 Questionnaire.
The table above shows that most respondents were first-born daughters, and their mothers were housewives.
Table 2 Respondent Characteristics Based on Changes in Body Weight Pre
& Post Supplementation N/ Statu
Responde pre Post
s Gizi
7,3 8,1
7,5 8,2
7,8 8,5
8,1 9,3
8,2 8,5
8,2 9,1
8,2 8,9
R12
8,2 8,8
R13
8,3 9,1
R14
8,4 9,2
R16
R17
R18
R19
R20
R21
R23
R25
R26
R27
R28
R30
R32
R33
R34
R35
R36
R38
R39
R40
R41
R42
R43
R44
R47
R48
R49
Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 162
Journal for Quality in Women's Health
R52
14,4 15,7
Source:
Research Questionnaire.
December 9, 2024 Based on the table above, it is known that from 39 respondents, the results showed that the majority of respondents experienced an increase in body weight.
Both personal and environmental hygiene play a crucial role in preventing disease (Hatala, 2.
(Wildayani et al.
, 2.
A person's nutritional status depends on their nutritional intake and A balance between nutritional intake and the body's needs will result in Table 3 Analysis of Research Factors Statistical Test Results influencing toddler weight growth Variables Percentage BB Changes socioeconomic status, and employment.
Go on A low income also affects the ability to Down Still 95% meet basic needs such as food, clothing.
PostZ 816b and nutrition.
In terms of maternal SupplementationAsymp.
<,001 education, the majority of mothers in this study had a high school education Sig.
Pre.
3%).
Supplementation The results of the research analysis on This will undoubtedly impact the effectiveness of giving zinc syrup to nutritional issues and weight gain in toddlers aged 2-5 years at Independent toddlers, as those with higher levels of Midwife Practice Place Indra Wahyu education will likely understand the based on statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test obtained the results of p importance of nutritious food for their <0.
001 , so H0 was rejected and Ha was growth.
This is exacerbated by toddlers accepted, which means there is a who refuse to eat but are left alone, difference in giving zinc syrup to increase leading to reduced food intake.
This, in the weight of toddlers aged 2-5 years at turn, exacerbates malnutrition, leading to Independent Midwife Practice Place a plateau or even a decrease in weight.
Indra Wahyu.
Identification of Toddler Weight After DISCUSSION Identification of Toddler Weight Before Zinc Syrup Supplementation Factors influencing toddler weight growth include food intake, sanitation, socioeconomic status, employment, and low income, which also impact the fulfillment of basic needs such as food, clothing, and nutrition.
Another factor, environmental sanitation, plays a significant role in providing a supportive environment for children's health and Zinc Syrup Supplementation A child's low appetite can be caused by several factors, such as illness, nutritional deficiencies, medication use, and psychological factors (Nisa & Sumarmi, 2.
Nutritional deficiencies, especially micronutrient deficiencies, are Zinc supplementation can increase plasma concentrations of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), resulting in increased Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 163 Journal for Quality in Women's Health growth rate.
Insulin-like Growth Factor I is a growth hormone mediator.
Decreased IGF-I concentrations are caused not only by protein-energy deficiency but also by zinc deficiency.
Clinical manifestations of zinc deficiency in children include decreased appetite, delayed healing of infections, a weakened immune system, and even death.
The study results showed that 15% did not consume zinc syrup regularly, and 3.
85% suffered from diarrhea during the 30-day data collection period.
Zinc plays a vital role in the immune system and is a potential mediator in defending the body against Zinc affects various aspects of the immune system.
Zinc is essential for the development and function of innate cellmediated immunity, neutrophils, and natural killer cells.
Macrophages and cytokine production are all affected by zinc deficiency.
Pre & Post Body Weight Analysis of Zinc Syrup Supplementation In this study, zinc syrup supplementation can aid metabolism and enzyme activity, improving enzyme With proper enzyme function, food intake can be easily absorbed and function optimally, supporting growth.
This was evident in the weight changes in children given zinc supplementation.
The analysis of weight gain in children after zinc supplementation showed positive results.
Of the 39 respondents, the majority, 32 .
%), experienced weight gain.
Based on the Wilcoxon Statistical Test, p = 0.
001 was obtained so that p < 05, which indicates that Ha is accepted, meaning there is a difference in the administration of zinc syrup on changes in the weight of toddlers aged 2-5 years at the Independent Practice of Midwife Indra Wahyu.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Zinc Supplementation on Toddler Weight Gain Based on the Wilcoxon statistical test, p = 0.
001 was obtained, indicating p < 0.
05, indicating that Ha was accepted, meaning there was a difference in the administration of zinc syrup on weight changes in toddlers aged 2-5 years at the Indra Wahyu TPMB.
The results of this study align with the theory that zinc can aid metabolic processes and enzyme activity in the body, one of which is by improving enzyme function.
If enzymes function properly, food intake can be easily absorbed and function optimally, supporting growth.
Furthermore, zinc, as a micro mineral found in very small amounts in the body, plays a crucial role in many bodily functions.
As part of enzymes or as a cofactor in the activity of over two hundred enzymes, zinc plays a role in various aspects of metabolism, such as reactions related to the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
As part of the carboxyl peptidase enzyme found in pancreatic fluid, zinc plays a role in (Kasanah Muawanah, 2.
Several factors influence food intake, including eating habits and food likes and dislikes, which are carried into adulthood and are often difficult to Journal for Quality in Women's Health | 164 Journal for Quality in Women's Health This is also true for family1.
Most of them experienced weight gain, as environment, peer groups, and illness.
many as 29 children .
4%), and a small Eating problems in children can number of toddlers whose weight and remained the same, as many as 10 A lack of food intake can children .
6%).
indicate a high risk of malnutrition2.
Based on the statistical test using the (Maulins & Aksohini Wijayanti, 2.
Wilcoxon test, p = 0.
001 was obtained so The selected respondents met the that p < 0.
05, which indicates that Ha is inclusion criteria: toddlers aged 2-5 years accepted, meaning that there is old who were underweight .
ased on a Z- effectiveness in giving zinc syrup to score assessment of the weight-for-age increase the weight of toddlers aged 2-5 category with a result of <-2 SD).
This study recommends giving zinc to Analysis of weight gain in children toddlers with underweight and severaly after zinc administration showed a underweight nutritional status routinely clinical improvement, but it was not once a day as much as 10 mg .
with statistically significant .
= 0.
This is regular monitoring and consuming because healthy toddlers gain 1-1.
5 kg per nutritious food as a source of nutrition for year, while the toddlers in the toddlers.
resulting in slower weight gain than 6.
REFERENSI