Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journa.
A Journal of Nursing Values.
Innovation.
Collaboration, and Global Impact Volume 12.
Issue 2.
April 2026 Published by STIKep PPNI Jawa Barat ISSN 2354-8428, e-ISSN 2598-8727 Review Article Mobile Health Interventions for Postpartum Maternal Health:
An Umbrella Review Fatimah Azzahroini Rajati1.
Faizah Betty Rahayuningsih2 1,2Nursing Study Program.
Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Pabelan.
Kartasura,Sukoharjo.
Central Java.
Indonesia Abstract Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journa.
Volume 12 .
, 213-220 https://doi.
org/10.
33755/jkk.
Article info Received Revised Accepted Published March 18, 2026 April 21, 2026 April 23, 2026 April 24, 2026 Corresponding author Faizah Betty Rahayuningsih* Faculty of Health Sciences.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Jl.
Yani.
Mendungan.
Pabelan.
Kec.
Kartasura.
Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Jawa Tengah 57169 Phone : .
717417 Email: fbr200@ums.
Citation Rajati.
, & Rahayuningsih.
Mobile health interventions for postpartum maternal health: An umbrella review.
Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journa.
, 12.
, 213Ae220.
https://doi.
org/10.
33755/jkk.
Website https://journal.
stikep-ppnijabar.
id/jkk This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribu tionNonCommercial 4.
0 International License p-ISSN : 2354 8428 e-ISSN: 2598 8727 Background: The postpartum period is a critical phase involving physical recovery, emotional adaptation, and social transition, which may affect maternal wellbeing.
Limited access to continuous postnatal care can increase the risk of depression, inadequate self-care, and delayed recovery.
Mobile health .
Healt.
interventions have emerged as a potential solution to support continuity of care through remote monitoring, digital education, and ongoing support.
Objective: This review aimed to synthesize evidence on the role of mobile health interventions in improving maternal health outcomes during the postpartum period.
Methods: An umbrella review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 framework.
Relevant studies published between 2019 and 2025 were identified from PubMed.
Scopus.
CINAHL, and ScienceDirect.
Eligibility was determined using the PICO framework, focusing on postpartum women receiving mHealth interventions compared to standard care.
Five review-level studies were included and analyzed using descriptive and thematic Results: mHealth interventions showed potential benefits in improving maternal self-efficacy, self-care engagement, physical activity, and overall wellbeing.
They were also associated with reduced postpartum depression symptoms and improved adherence to follow-up care.
Conclusion: Mobile health interventions may contribute positively to both psychological and physical health outcomes in postpartum women.
However, the available evidence remains limited an indirect.
Further high-quality primary studies are needed to establish effectiveness and inform clinical implementation.
Keywords: Evidence synthesis.
Maternal wellbeing.
Mobile Postpartum period.
Self-care INTRODUCTION maternal recovery and infant health outcomes .
During this time, mothers frequently report fatigue, sleep disruption, emotional instability, and challenges in maintaining adequate self-care The postpartum period is widely regarded as a crucial transitional stage in a womanAos life, requiring adjustment to multiple physiological, psychological, and social changes.
The first six weeks after childbirth are particularly sensitive, as this phase can significantly influence both Globally, postpartum depression is estimated to affect approximately 10Ae20% of women, with Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif.
Volume 12 Issue 2.
April 2026 Mobile Health Interventions for Postpartum Care higher prevalence observed in low- and middleincome countries where access to healthcare services and social support remains limited .
In addition to psychological concerns, postpartum women may also experience various physical health problems, such as delayed recovery, persistent weight retention, and metabolic disturbances.
These issues are especially relevant among mothers with a prior history of gestational diabetes mellitus .
Such complex and interconnected health needs underline the importance of providing continuous and comprehensive postpartum care.
postpartum-specific embedded within broader maternal or perinatal Therefore, there is a need to synthesize existing evidence to better understand the potential role of mobile health interventions in outcomes, while acknowledging the variability in Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize existing evidence on mobile health interventions in postpartum maternal health through an umbrella review approach, focusing on their potential contributions to physical and psychological outcomes among postpartum women.
From a nursing perspective, holistic postpartum management involves strengthening self-care education, and supporting emotional adaptation during the transition to motherhood .
However, conventional postpartum care models that rely primarily on short face-to-face consultations may not adequately ensure continuity of care once women return home.
Increased providers, combined with geographical and logistical barriers, may further contribute to gaps in postnatal service provision.
METHODS
Search Strategy This systematic review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations to ensure methodological transparency and rigor.
comprehensive search process was undertaken to identify relevant studies evaluating the effectiveness of mobile health interventions in improving maternal health outcomes during the postpartum period.
Recent advances in digital health technology have created new opportunities to improve maternal healthcare delivery.
Mobile health .
Healt.
, defined as the use of mobile devices to support healthcare services and public health practices, has increasingly been adopted to enhance patient engagement, improve access to health information, and facilitate continuity of care .
Through digital platforms, postpartum women can receive individualized education, real-time symptom monitoring, automated reminders, and remote psychosocial support, helping to address limitations associated with traditional postpartum services.
In this review, mobile health interventions refer to digital health strategies delivered through mobile or webbased platforms, which may include educational, components, with or without direct involvement of healthcare professionals Electronic literature searches were performed across four major databases, namely PubMed.
Scopus.
CINAHL, and ScienceDirect.
The search was restricted to articles published between January 2019 and December 2025.
In addition to database searching, manual screening of reference lists from selected studies was carried out to maximize the identification of potentially eligible literature.
The search strategy incorporated combinations of keywords and Boolean operators such as Aumobile health,Ay AumHealth,Ay Aue-health,Ay Aupostpartum,Ay Aunursing,Ay and Auintervention.
Ay Only studies available in English were considered for inclusion.
Selection Criteria Eligibility of studies was determined using the Population.
Intervention.
Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework.
Despite the growing integration of digital health interventions in maternal care, evidence specifically focusing on mobile health interventions in postpartum populations remains Previous studies have often examined broader perinatal populations or general digital interventions, and not all interventions were explicitly nurse-led.
In many Inclusion Criteria Studies were included when they focused on postpartum women as the primary population and evaluated digital health interventions such as mobile health or telehealth implemented or Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif.
Volume 12 Issue 2.
April 2026 Rahayuningsih et al.
facilitated by nurses.
Eligible interventions were those designed to improve either physical or psychological maternal health outcomes during the postpartum period.
Comparison groups consisted of women receiving routine postpartum care, standard clinical management, or no structured digital intervention.
Outcomes of interest included self-care practices, selfefficacy, physical activity, depressive symptoms, recommended postpartum clinical follow-up.
range of study designs was considered eligible, including randomized controlled trials, quasiexperimental studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews relevant to postpartum mobile health interventions.
were assessed using instruments developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).
Only studies demonstrating at least moderate methodological quality and a low risk of bias were retained for Data Extraction and Synthesis Relevant data were extracted using a structured form to ensure consistency across studies.
Extracted information included author details, year of publication, country of study, research design, characteristics of the study population, description of the mobile health intervention, and reported maternal health outcomes.
Given the heterogeneity in intervention methodological approaches, a statistical metaanalysis was not feasible.
Therefore, study findings were synthesized using descriptive and thematic approaches to identify common patterns in intervention components and their influence on physical and psychological outcomes among postpartum women.
Exclusion Criteria Studies were excluded if they did not specifically involve postpartum populations or if nursing professionals were not actively involved in the delivery of the digital intervention.
Publications such as research protocols, editorials, commentaries, and conference abstracts were also omitted.
Furthermore, studies lacking accessible full text or failing to report measurable maternal health outcomes relevant to the objectives of this review were not included in the final analysis.
RESULTS
Study Selection The initial database search across four electronic sources yielded a total of 112 potentially relevant After duplicate entries were removed, 95 articles remained for title and abstract At this stage, 70 studies were excluded as they did not meet the predefined eligibility criteria, primarily due to the inclusion of nonpostpartum populations, use of primary study designs, or lack of relevant maternal health Screening and Study Selection The selection of studies was conducted through several sequential stages.
Duplicate records identified across databases were removed prior to the screening process.
Titles and abstracts were then assessed to determine their relevance to the research question.
Articles meeting the predefined eligibility criteria were subsequently retrieved for full-text review.
To reduce the risk of selection bias, two independent reviewers performed the screening process, and any discrepancies were resolved through discussion until consensus was reached.
The overall study selection procedure was illustrated using a PRISMA flow diagram.
Subsequently, 25 full-text articles were assessed in detail to determine their suitability for Of these, 20 studies were excludeddue to inappropriate study design .
, primary studie.
, insufficient description of interventions, or lack of extractable postpartum-specific Ultimately, five review-level studies .
ystematic reviews, scoping reviews, and meta-analyse.
were included in the final synthesis.
No primary studies were included, as this review was designed as an umbrella review focusing on secondary evidence.
The overall study selection process is summarized in the PRISMA flow Quality Assessment The methodological rigor of included studies was evaluated using standardized critical appraisal tools appropriate to each study design.
The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist was applied to systematic reviews and qualitative research, while quantitative studies Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif.
Volume 12 Issue 2.
April 2026 Mobile Health Interventions for Postpartum Care Figure 1.
PRISMA flow diagram Characteristics of Included Studies Across the selected studies, interventions included digital education, remote monitoring, automated reminders, telecoaching, and clinical follow-up tracking.
Reported outcomes covered self-care practices, self-efficacy, physical activity, depressive symptoms, wellbeing, and adherence to recommended postpartum clinical follow-up.
The five included studies comprised systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and systematic reviews with meta-analysis.
Study included both postpartum-only populations and broader perinatal populations, with postpartum-specific findings extracted where available.
Not all included studies specifically focused on nurse-led represented a range of digital health strategies with varying levels of healthcare professional Synthesis of Findings Mobile health interventions were associated with improvements across several domains of maternal health.
In terms of psychological Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif.
Volume 12 Issue 2.
April 2026 Rahayuningsih et al.
psychoeducation, mood tracking, and virtual support were linked to potential reductions in depressive symptoms and improved emotional However, much of this evidence was derived from broader perinatal populations rather than postpartum-only samples.
Interactive communication features were particularly important in supporting behavioral changes, although the strength of evidence remains indirect due to the review-level nature of the included studies.
Furthermore, digital monitoring tools and reminder systems were associated with postpartum follow-up, especially among women with metabolic risk factors.
However, this evidence was not exclusively derived from postpartum-specific studies.
Regarding physical and lifestyle outcomes, telecoaching and activity-tracking interventions were associated with increased physical activity Nevertheless, these findings were primarily based on mixed populations, limiting their specificity to postpartum women.
Overall, the findings suggest potential benefits of mobile health interventions.
however, the evidence remains limited, heterogeneous, and largely indirect.
In addition, mobile health strategies that components appeared to enhance maternal selfefficacy and engagement in self-care practices.
Table 1.
Quality Appraisal of Included Studies Study Han et al.
Study Design
Systematic Review
Appraisal Tool
CASP
Overall Quality High Dosani et al.
Scoping Review
CASP
Moderate Yao et al.
Systematic Review & Metaanalysis CASP High Mertens et al.
Systematic Review
CASP
High Garg et al.
Systematic Review
CASP
High Table 2.
Summary of Included Studies Author (Yea.
Han et al.
Study Design Dosani et al.
Scoping review Pregnant Perinatal women Yao et al.
Systematic review & metaanalysis Systematic Systematic Pregnant Postpartum Women history of GDM Mertens et Garg et al.
Systematic Population Mobile Health Intervention Digital education and Mobile depression screening Activity Telecoaching Clinical Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif.
Volume 12 Issue 2.
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Main Outcomes Improved Reduced depressive Increased physical Improved Improved follow-up
Mobile Health Interventions for Postpartum Care
DISCUSSION