English Journal Antartika Volume 1 No.
1 Juni 2023 Imagery and Figurative Language in Emily DickinsonAos Poems Dyah Arindi Kusumaningrum1.
Unpris Yastanti2.
Fitriyeni3 Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika e-mail: 33190139@bsi.
Abstract Ae This study examines the types of imagery and figurative language used in several Emily Dickinson This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze the study of imagery and figurative language in poems.
Data were taken from seven poems, namely Because I Could Not Stop for Death.
Wild Nights, with a Flower.
I Died for Beauty.
I Never Saw a Moor.
I Heard Fly Buzz When I Die, and I'm Nobody! Who You? then divided into several types of imagery and figurative language.
The results of this study indicate that: .
Three types of imagery are found in poems, namely visual imagery, tactile imagery, and auditory There are fifty-nine imagery data, which includes fifty visual imagery data, one tactile imagery data, and eight auditory imagery data.
There are three types of figurative language in poems, namely personification, metaphor, and simile.
With a total of nine figurative language data, which includes six personification data, two metaphor data, and one simile data.
Then it was found that the implied meanings in the figurative language and imagery Emily Dickinson's poems are about death, relationship, feminine beauty, life, and faith.
Key Word: Imagery.
Figurative Language.
Poems.
Emily Dickinson Abstrak - Penelitian ini mengkaji jenis citraan dan bahasa kiasan yang digunakan dalam beberapa puisi Emily Dickinson.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis kajian citraan dan bahasa kiasan dalam puisi.
Data diambil dari tujuh puisi yaitu Because I Could Not Stop for Death.
Wild Nights, with a Flower.
I Died for Beauty.
I Never Saw a Moor.
I Heard Fly Buzz When I Die, dan IAom Nobody! Who You? kemudian dibagi menjadi beberapa jenis citraan and bahasa kiasan.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: .
Sebanyak tiga jenis citraan ditemukan dalam puisi, yaitu citraan penglihatan, citraan peraba, dan citraan pendengaran.
Terdapat lima puluh sembilan data citraan, yang meliputi lima puluh data citraan penglihatan, satu data citraan peraba, dan delapan data citraan pendengaran.
Ditemukan tiga jenis bahasa kiasan dalam puisi, yaitu bahasa kiasan personifikasi, metafor, dan simile.
Dengan total sembilan data bahasa kiasan, yang meliputi enam data personifikasi, dua data metafor, dan satu data simile.
Kemudian ditemukan bahwa makna yang tersirat dalam pencitraan dan bahasa kiasan di puisi-puisi Emily Dickinson adalah tentang kematian, hubungan, kecantikan feminin, kehidupan, dan keyakinan.
Kata kunci: Citraan.
Bahasa Kiasan.
Puisi.
Emily Dickinson
Received 01-06-2023
Revised 12-06-2023
Accepted 30-06-2023
INTRODUCTION
Literature is a work of art that is imaginative, literature can express thoughts, feelings, and is related to the author's life experiences, literature also uses words in an effective, powerful, yet captivating way, and explains the relevance of hidden facts.
(Ade and Okunoye, 2.
Fictional works and non-fictional works can be divided into two categories.
A literary work that is not based on a factual story is called fiction.
A literary work that is neither based on a factual narrative nor created by humans is considered non-fiction.
The examples of fictional literary works are novels, poems, music, movies, and others.
The examples of non-fiction literary works are personal essays, histories, biographies, and autobiographies.
Longman Dictionary .
writes that poem is a written work that is written or composed with rhyming lines, writing thoughts, emotions, and experiences with words that come out of thought or imagination.
Because poem is a creative literary work that employs figurative language or language that is infrequently used in usual communication, poem is one type of literary work that is difficult to fully understand.
Poems are literary works that use language to evoke the reader's imagination and feelings.
Shanker .
also argues that poem is a direct form of the human need to communicate inner and outer experience.
Imagery is one of the elements in poem that is commonly used by poets to build the readers imagination and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.
0 International License.
English Journal Antartika Volume 1 No.
1 Juni 2023 emotions, which is useful for reviving the images and feelings that the poet wants to convey through the words in the poem.
(Sugihastuti, 2.
Therefore, imagery is a very important poetic instrument for poets to be able tocreate visual images or images of feelings that can be felt by the reader.
Simply put, imagery is used to build strong images of the feelings and thoughts of the reader.
Another very important element in poems is figurative Abrams .
said that Figurative language, which is different from the language people use in daily interactions, is the use of language by poets.
The goal of using language that differs from what is commonly spoken is to produce words that are more pleasant and meaningful.
So, imagery and figurative language are very important in a poem.
There are also many literary works of poems from world-famous poets that have beautiful and meaningful imagery as well as figurative language, one example of a poet who uses beautiful imagery and figurative language in his literary work especially in poems is Emily Dickinson.
She is one of the best and most famous female poets in America, her first volume of poems was published in 1890, four years after her death, the poems were a stunning success.
Through 11 editions in just under two years.
Emily Dickinson's poems have had a very wide audience of all ages and interests.
During her 55 years of life Emily Dickinson has written around 1,800 poems and most of her poems are poems with themes of death, sadness, or depression.
Some of Emily Dickinson's most popular poems are AuHope is the thing with the feathersAy.
AuBecause I Could Not Stop For DeathAy, and AuI Heard Fly Buzz When I DieAy.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The writer uses descriptive qualitative method for analyzing this thesis.
Descriptive qualitative research is research that uses explanatory methods to understand or analyze a research subject by describing in the form of words and language.
(Moleong, 2.
The steps that the writer takes in qualitative method are several procedures, the first is selected the poems by Emily Dickinson that contained imagery and figurative language to get data to analyze.
The second is analyze type of imagery and figurative language in the poems.
The third is collect of data from various sources to gain a deeper understanding about the topic and analyzing it with supporting theories from experts.
And the fourth is concluded how many types of imagery and figurative language that found in the poems and complete this research.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Imagery Analysis in Emily Dickinson Poems Visual Imagery Horovenko .
stated that visual imagery is imagery that is often used by poets in their literary works.
Visual imagery is very interesting because it can describe something that we can imagine in our minds from the poet's words in her/his literary work.
Visual Imagery in Emily DickinsonAos poems would be explained through the following data.
Data 1 Title: Because I Could Not Stop for Death Because I could not stop for DeathAi He kindly stopped for meAi The Carriage held but just OurselvesAiAnd Immortality.
We slowly droveAiHe knew no haste And I had put away My labor and my leisure too.
For His CivilityAi We passed the School, where Children strove At RecessAiin the RingAi We passed the Fields of Gazing GrainAi We passed the Setting SunAi https://ejournal.
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1 Juni 2023 Or ratherAiHe passed usAi In lines 1-13 is visual imagery, the writer can imagine how the poet describes death as something that we cannot avoid or even stop.
Emily Dickinson visualizes a dead person's journey to immortality but with lines that are not scary, as in the lines "We passed the School .
We passed the Setting Sun" in lines 9-12.
Through the stanzas of the poem the readers can imagine how the process towards immortality is described until the effect of vision or visual imagery appears.
Data 2 Title: Wild Nights Wild Nights Ae Wild Nights! Were I with thee Wild Nights should be Our luxury! Futile Ae the winds Ae To a heart in port Ae Done with the compass Ae Done with the chart! Rowing in Eden Ae Ah, the sea! Might I moor Ae Tonight Ae In thee! From the poem titled Wild Nights from lines 1-12 the writer can imagine how the speaker symbolized the stronglove with the sea and wild nights in the poems.
All of line in the poems makes the readers have a visual imagery about the love depicted in the poem.
Data 3 Title: With a Flower! Almost a loneliness.
Based in the line 8 of poem AoWith A FlowerAo by Emily Dickinson, the writer can imagine how the speaker symbolized the feminine pretty woman with a flower, so the imagery in this poem is visual imagery.
Data 4 Title: I Died for Beauty I died for beauty, but was scarce Adjusted in the tomb.
When one who died for truth was lain In an adjoining room This poem tells the conversation of 2 people in the afterlife about what caused them to die.
In the first paragraph or line 1-4, the poet invites the reader to imagine two dead people buried next to each other, so the imagery used in this poem is visual imagery.
And so, as kinsmen met a-night.
We talked between the rooms.
Until the moss had reached our lips.
And covered up our names.
In the last paragraph or lines 9-12 the reader visually imagines the two graves that are finally covered by moss covering the tombstones, so the imagery in this last paragraph is visual imagery.
Data 5 Title : I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died https://ejournal.
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1 Juni 2023 For that last Onset - when the King Be witnessed - in the Room In lines 7-8 the writer can imagine the figure of the king in the room, giving rise to visual imagery.
For that last Onset - when the King Be witnessed - in the Room In lines 7-8 the writer can imagine the figure of the king in the room, giving rise to visual imagery.
Data 6 Title: I Never Saw a Moor I never saw a moorI never saw the sea Yet know I how the heather looks And what a wave must be In the poem I Never Saw a Moor.
Emily Dickinson invites the reader to imagine a moor and also the sea which is the main object in the first paragraph of the poem, so the imagery of this poem is visual imagery.
Tactile Imagery Mahfouz .
stated that tactile imagery is imagery that describes something that can be felt by our sense of touch or can be represented through touch.
A tactile imagery is one that is related to a tactile sense of touch, such as cold and warmth.
Data 1 Title: Because I Could Not Stop for Death The Dews drew quivering and chillAi In the 14th stanza the poet through the diction she chooses invites the readers to feel the cold morning dew so that it creates imagination through the sense of touch or tactile imagery.
Auditory Imagery Horovenko .
stated that auditory imagery is imagery used to imagine things or actions in a literary work using the sense of hearing.
This kind of imagery connects to other auditory modalities, such spoken or musical imagery, with auditory imagery the reader can hear something as described by the poet.
Data 4 Title: I Died for Beauty He questioned softly why I failed? AuFor beauty,Ay I replied.
Ay And I for truth Ae the two are one.
We brethren are,Ay he said.
In the second paragraph line 5-8, the reader is invited to imagine the conversation between the two people who have died in the afterlife and creating auditory imagery for the reader.
Data 5 Title: I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died I heard a Fly buzz - when I died The Stillness in the Room Was like the Stillness in the Air Between the Heaves of Storm https://ejournal.
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1 Juni 2023 In this poem Emily Dickinson imagines the sound of flies in a quiet room in lines 1-4 which means the first paragraph is auditory imagery.
Data Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 Data 5 Data 6 Table 1.
The type of imagery in each poem Line Type of Imagery Visual Imagery Tactile Imagery Visual Imagery Visual Imagery Visual Imagery Visual Imagery Auditory Imagery Visual Imagery Auditory Imagery Visual Imagery Visual Imagery Figurative Language in Emily Dickinson Poems Personification Data 1 Title: Because I Could Not Stop for Death We passed the Field of Gazing Grain Or rather he passed us The Dews drew quivering and chill According to Baret .
personification is a figurative language that gives human attributes to animals or objects that appear in the 11th, 13th, 14th lines of this poem.
Emily Dickinson personifies the fields in the soul possessing the human character that could staring to others human.
Emily also personifies the sun that could passed us like a human being.
In the line 14-line Emily personifies the dews that could quivering and chill.
Data 2 Title: Wild Nights To a Heart in port In line 6.
Emily dickinson uses personification figurative language by giving human attributes to the word 'heart', in the line the heart is in the airport like a human.
So the figurative language is personification.
Data 3 Title: I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died The Eyes around - had wrung them dry And Breaths were gathering firm Emily Dickinson personifies the eyes and breathes in the lines "The Eyes around - had wrung them dry - And Breaths were gathering firm" from I Heard Fly Buzz When I Died.
Emily Dickinson gives the eyes and breaths a human character that may squeeze them dry and make them start quickly.
Metaphor Data 2 Title: Wild Nights Wild nights - Wild https://ejournal.
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1 Juni 2023 nights!Wild nights should be According to Perrine .
metaphor is a comparing between two things without the use of words Aolike or asAo appears in the 1 and 3 lines of this poem.
Emily Dickinson equating wild nights with strong love or simply the desire to be intimate with another person.
Simile Data 7 Title: IAom Nobody! Who Are You? How public Ae like a Frog Ae According to Perrine .
unlike metaphor, simile is the comparison of between two objects or things using some words such as: like, as, then, similar to, or resembles.
In this poem, the writer finds a figurative language simile in the line 6 which also uses the word 'like' in the sentence.
In the sentence.
Emily Dickinson make a comparison between the public or society to a frog.
As the writer learn that public is an adjective that means Portrayed as a frog that in social life there is a trait that likes to telling other people's lives.
Table 2.
The type of figurative language in each poem Data Line Type of Figurative Language Data 1 Personification Data 2 Metaphor Personification Data 5 Personification Data 7 Simile Implied Meaning in Emily Dickinson Poems Table 3.
Implied Meaning in each poem
Implied Meaning Data
Death
Data 1, 4, 6
Relationship
Data 2
Feminine Beauty Data 3
Life
Data 5
Faith
Data 7
CONCLUSION
Imagery and figurative language in these poems are essential elements in interpreting and understanding the meaning behind the verses.
According to statistical analysis of the imagery and figurative language in seven poems by Emily Dickinson, most of the imagery is visual, and most of the figurative language is personification in these seven poems.
Three types of imagery were found: visual, tactile, and auditory.
There are fifty-nine imagery data, which include fifty visual imagery data, one tactile imagery data, and eight acoustic imagery data.
https://ejournal.
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php/eja/index English Journal Antartika Volume 1 No.
1 Juni 2023 The writer also found three types of figurative language in poems: personification, metaphor, and simile, with a total of nine extended language data, which include six personification data, two metaphor data, and one simile The writer also found five implied meanings in 7 poems by Emily Dickinson.
there are stories about death, relationships, feminine beauty, life, and faith.
REFERENCE