Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang Vol.
No.
1, 2023, pp.
e-ISSN 2809-5073.
DOI.
52889/jpig.
Development of Employability Skills of Vocational School Students in Bogor.
Indonesia Submitted 21 January 2023.
Revised 17 February 2023.
Accepted 17 February 2023 Arga Satrio Prabowo1*.
Ahmad Yunus2.
Widiastuti Pajarini3.
Raudah Zaimah Dalimunthe4.
Putri Dian Dia Conia5.
Siti Aminah Alfalathi6
1,4,5
Department of Guidance and Counseling.
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education.
Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.
Serang.
Indonesia.
Faculty of Leadership and Management.
Islamic Science University of Malaysia.
Nilai.
Malaysia.
Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Barat.
Bandung.
Indonesia Department of Guidance and Counseling.
Universitas Indraprasta.
Jakarta.
Indonesia Corresponding Email: *argasatrio@untirta.
Abstract Career development is one of the important things that need to be done at every level of education so that students gain career maturity.
One of the components in developing career maturity is Employability skills.
Employability skills are a set of skills that are important for individuals to have to survive in a job.
Vocational Schools in Indonesia, commonly called SMK, aim to graduate individuals ready to work.
Therefore.
SMK graduate needs to master employability skills.
This study aimed to determine the effect of the employability skills program on vocational school students.
The research was conducted at a state vocational school at Bogor with a weak experimental method and involved six students as samples.
The research results indicate that the employability skills program can improve the employability skills of vocational students.
This research implies that employability skills training can be applied in schools to help students master employability skills.
Keywords: Career development.
Employability skills.
Vocational School.
INTRODUCTION
Planning for career development is one of the activities that must be carried out in individualized planning services.
Career development planning aims to help learners to master competencies that can be used to deal with situations or issues surrounding learners' career development (Gysbers & Henderson, 2.
Career development planning should be done at every level of education because every period of life or every age range has career development characteristics (Sharf, 1.
One of these levels of education is vocational secondary education or SMK.
SMK is one form of formal education unit that organizes vocational education at the secondary education level that prepares students primarily to work in certain fields.
However, this vocational education is not without problems.
the results of research conducted by Prasetyo.
Herlambang, and Wijoyo .
show that the employability skills of SMK graduates still need to meet the expectations of the industrial world.
The Director General of Vocational Education at the Ministry of Education.
Culture.
Research and Technology.
Wikan Sakarinto, also stated that the reason why vocational school graduates contribute to the highest number of unemployed Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang Vol.
No.
1, 2023, pp.
e-ISSN 2809-5073.
DOI.
52889/jpig.
people in Indonesia is because soft skills are not given enough attention in learning (Sakarinto.
Employability skills are abilities that must be possessed by someone who will enter and is currently in the world of work (Kwok, 2.
The Conference Board of Canada .
suggests three main skill elements in employability skills, namely .
Fundamentals Skills, which include:
communication skills, information management skills, and problem solving skills.
Personal Management Skills, which include skills in positive attitude and behavior, responsibility skills, adaptability skills, continuous learning skills, and safe working skills.
Teamwork Skills, which include skills in working with others in a team and skills in participating in a project or METHOD The research was conducted at a state vocational school in Bogor.
Indonesia, with a sample of 6 .
class XII students with low employability skills based on measurements using the employability skills instrument.
The research was conducted with a weak experimental method.
The weak experimental design used is an uninterpretable nonequivalent group design.
This design will compare pretest and posttest results in the same group without involving a control group.
The measurement in this study was carried out using the Employability skills inventory developed by Hidayat and Prabowo .
This instrument has a reliability coefficient of 0.
which means that this instrument is suitable for use.
The data analysis technique used in testing the hypothesis in this study is the Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test to compare the pretest and posttest
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Employability skills consist of several skill components that need to be mastered by vocational graduates to be proficient in working.
The skill components trained to students in this study can be seen at Table 1.
Table 1.
List of Employability skills Competence/ Chapter Communications Activities Times .
Effective speaking skills .
Idea presentation skills .
Problem Management 1 Thinking and Solving Problem Demonstrate positive attitude .
The skills to build a good selfand behaviors image in the work environment 3 lesson hours .
Minute.
2 lesson hours .
Minute.
2 lesson hours .
Minute.
Work with others .
Team work 3 lesson hours Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang Vol.
No.
1, 2023, pp.
e-ISSN 2809-5073.
DOI.
52889/jpig.
Competence/ Chapter Activities Times .
Minute.
Based on the results of the pretest and posttest that have been carried out in the group given employability skills training, there are changes in the participants' achievement scores before and after the intervention.
The results of the respondents' achievements can be seen in the Table 2.
Table 2.
Result of Research Data No.
Name
Pre-Intervention Categories DAS
NDS
Mean Low Medium Low Low Low Low After Intervention Categories Gain Score Medium High High Meidum High High Based on the Table 2, the employability skills achievement scores of all research respondents experienced a significant increase.
There were 3 respondents who moved from the low category to the high category, 2 respondents changed from the medium to high category and 1 respondent from the medium to the high category.
The following figure 1 shows the movement of employability skills achievement scores of research respondents:
DAS
NDS
Before Treatment After Treatment Figure 1.
Result of Research Data Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang Vol.
No.
1, 2023, pp.
e-ISSN 2809-5073.
DOI.
52889/jpig.
To emphasize that there is a difference between the employability skills of the respondents before and after the implementation of the program, the pretest and posttest scores achieved by the students are also tested using statistical test techniques.
The test has been conducted using the Wilcoxon match pairs test technique.
Wilcoxon match pairs test is commonly used to compare two paired samples if the data form is ordinal.
The statistical test is available in Table 3 and Table Table 3.
Rank Wilcoxon Match Pair Test Results posttest - pretest Mean Rank Sum of Ranks Negative Ranks Positive Ranks Ties Total posttest < pretest posttest > pretest posttest = pretest Table 4.
Statistical Test Results posttest - pretest Asymp.
Sig.
-taile.
Based on negative ranks.
Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test Based on the statistical test results above, there were six positive changes after the intervention was carried out.
This indicates that the respondents' employability skills score increased after the intervention.
This is indicated by the posttest score, which is greater than the pretest score.
The statistical test results in table 4 also show that the significance value obtained from this comparative test is 0.
027, below the significance threshold 0.
This value indicates a significant change in the respondents' employability skills before and after the treatment.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the employability skills improvement program improves vocational students' employability skills.
The series of tests above show that employability skills is a skill teacher can train in schools .
specially vocational school.
to help students improve their work skills.
Mastery of Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang Vol.
No.
1, 2023, pp.
e-ISSN 2809-5073.
DOI.
52889/jpig.
employability skills in students will certainly help them in working, surviving in work and getting a better career than individuals who do not master employability skills (Shyamalee.
Wickramasinghe, & Dissanayake, 2013.
Adi & Ni'am, 2013.
Omar.
Bakar, & Rashid, 2012.
Yusoff.
Omar.
Zaharim.
Mohamed, & Muhamad, 2012.
Zaharim, et al.
, 2.
The results of other studies also show that employability skills can determine a person's success in carrying out their work (Burgaz, 2008.
Kwok, 2.
An institution must train employability skills because these skills can help the job performance of school graduates and young people.
Without these skills, school graduates can be said to be handicapped in job competition (Omar.
Bakar, & Rashid, 2.
This research shows that vocational students can acquire employability skills by being trained in small groups and separate from the learning curriculum (Stand-alone mode.
CONCLUSION
One form of career advancement that needs to be possessed by vocational students is mastering various skills or work skills commonly called Employability skills.
Based on this study, the employability skills of vocational students are scientifically proven to increase after the training, and this indicates that the training conducted by teachers at school can help students acquire employability skills that can help them in their career life or the world of work after they graduate from school.
By mastering employability skills.
SMK graduates will be better able to compete in the industrial world and get a brighter career in the future.
REFERENCES