Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Vol.
No.
December 2024, pp.
ISSN 2088-4877
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR OF COLLEGE STUDENTS:
POTENTIAL FACTORS AND TRI-NGA
Teguh Erawati1.
Wiwin Leona Gadi Rara2* Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa.
Yogyakarta.
Indonesia E-mail: eradimensiarch@gmail.
com, wiwinleonagadi01@gmail.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
56457/jimk.
Received: June 9, 2024
Accepted: November 30, 2024 Published: December 05, 2024
ABSTRACT
This study aims to confirm the influence of financial literacy and Tri-Nga teaching, which includes Ngerti (Understandin.
Ngroso (Feelin.
, and Ngelakoni (Doin.
, on student financial management behavior.
The study population and sample consisted of 106 students majoring in Accounting at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University.
Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires, while data analysis used validity and reliability test techniques to assess data quality.
Furthermore, classical assumption tests such as normality, heteroscedasticity, and multicollinearity were used to ensure data conformity with the assumptions required in regression analysis.
Hypothesis results were obtained from the analysis using the T.
F, and R2 tests using SPSS version 23 software.
From these results, it is concluded that financial literacy has a positive and significant impact on student financial management Meanwhile, the Tri-Nga Teachings also showed a positive and significant impact on students' financial management behavior.
Simultaneously, financial literacy and Tri-Nga Teachings also have a positive and significant influence on students' financial management behavior.
Keywords: Financial Literacy.
Tringa Teachings.
Student Financial Management Behavior
INTRODUCTION
Students are considered as a potential generation to improve financial literacy as they are considered as agents of change that can drive improvements in Indonesia.
However, some students may not be ready to face the challenges of managing finances for various One of them is dependence on their parents' financial support, so they can rely on their parents when they run out of pocket Meanwhile, students who work parttime are still a minority compared to those who rely on pocket money from their parents (Sari and Listiadi 2.
Financial management is an important skill throughout life, and students' lack of motivation and skills in managing their own finances is an issue that needs to be addressed.
This shows the need for students' ability to manage their finances, which includes an understanding of finance and a mindset related to finance.
Financial literacy can be acquired through various means such as courses, readings and seminars, while attitudes towards finance are often influenced by one's mental state and inner Research shows that fewer students record personal expenses or save money to manage their own finances.
Wulandari and Hakim .
argue that there are several factors that cause a lack of skills in personal financial management, lack of parental supervision, and the tendency to seek momentary pleasure.
In addition, there are still students majoring in accounting who have not been able to apply financial knowledge in their daily activities, observing the importance of financial literacy in managing money wisely (Teguh Erawati, 2.
Students who are tempted by lifestyle and consumption trends may tend to spend money excessively if they do not have optimal financial management skills.
Therefore, it is necessary for students to acquire sufficient financial management skills to avoid being trapped in unproductive consumptive In conclusion, financial management involves wise use of pocket money and proper budgeting, in accordance with the opinion of Herawati .
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Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Vol.
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One aspect that influences actions in student financial management behavior is financial literacy because in all aspects of personal finance it does not lie in making it difficult to use existing money, but in the hope that individuals can enjoy life with the right financial resources.
And financial literacy is a basic need for everyone to avoid financial problems (Sampoerno and Asandimitra 2.
Wahyudi and Tristiarto .
argue that financial literacy is the ability to make informed judgments and make effective decisions about the use and management of money.
Meanwhile, according to (Garman and Forgue in Arianti 2.
states that financial literacy is knowledge and understanding of the facts needed to manage personal finances so that they are able to manage finances properly.
The second aspect that influences student financial management behavior is the Tringa Teaching.
The tri-nga teaching is a teaching that uses Ki Hadjar Dewantara's practice guidelines which include ngerti, ngrasa, and nglakoni.
According to this educational model, children are not only taught about their intellectual abilities (Ki Hajar Dewantara's ter.
, but must also balance ngroso .
and nglakoni .
Once students understand Tringa, it will be very easy for them to apply it and achieve their goals.
The close relationship between Tringa and student financial management behavior can be seen from the behavior of students understanding, and practicing how to manage finances (Erawati.
Kusuma, and Yanto 2.
So the purpose of this study is to find out the process of implementing the tri-nga to instill noble character in Civic Education lectures and student activities in implementing the tri-nga to instill noble character in Civic Education Lectures (Febriyanti 2.
The benefits of this teaching are that a person has an independent and independent spirit, a national spirit, and developments, has a pioneer spirit and develops the potential possessed by nature (Masitoh & Cahyani, 2.
Therefore, tri-nga consists of three concepts, namely:
Ngerti (Cognitiv.
understanding, knowing or understanding is a person's effort to gain knowledge of something that wants to be known or unintentionally through the five senses.
this cognitive aspect a person will be able to about something, identify and produce a concept from the new knowledge that a person gets.
Ngerasa (Affectiv.
or feeling means the affection phase where a person feels and lives what is known, not just understanding but finding meaning in it.
It can be seen from the change in attitude due to the new knowledge obtained previously.
Ngelakoni (Psychomoto.
or running is the motor aspect where a person acts, works, does something or skills because of the new knowledge he learned before.
This study has differences from previous research entitled AuThe Effect of Financial Literacy, and Lifestyle on Student Financial Management BehaviorAy the difference contained in this study is that researchers added a new independent variable, namely the tri-nga teaching (Ngerti.
Ngroso.
Nglakon.
The importance of this research is to provide information to future researchers and also provide new knowledge about how tri-nga teachings and financial literacy affect how accounting students at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University manage their finances.
This study aims to expand and improve knowledge about how financial literacy, and tringa teachings have an impact on student financial management behavior and to provide knowledge on how factors can play a role well in this study.
Literature Review Theori of Financial Behavior The theory is used to provide an explanation of the relationship between financial literacy and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has a relationship with student financial behavior.
In it, there is a perceived behavior control factor which is defined as the perception of the ease or difficulty of performing a behavior.
TPB
(Theory of Behavioral Plannin.
is a conceptual framework whose main purpose is to describe Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Management Science Doctoral Program.
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internal behavioral problems.
This theory argues that individuals tend to take deliberate action when they take all information into explicit and implicit consideration and the impact of the actions taken Ajzeln .
The most important trigger in human behavior is the ultimate goal of the behavior.
An individual's goal is to develop a code of ethics, which is a combination of attitudes and subjective norms that reflect individual behavior (Natawibawa.
Irianto, and Roekhudin 2.
According to the researchers, the appropriate theory in explaining the correlation between financial literacy, triangular teaching and student financial behavior is the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) because the Theory of planned behavior concludes that all human behavior is the result of the intention to perform a behavior as well as the ability to form conscious choices and decisions in doing so .
olitional contro.
Hypothesis Development The Effect of Financial Literacy on Student Financial Management Behavior The relationship between the level of financial literacy and student financial management behavior is that the higher the financial literacy, the better the student financial management behavior.
This indicates that when students' knowledge and skills in managing finances increase, their behavior in managing finances also Financial literacy is one of the factors that influence students' financial behavior.
(Chen and Volpe 1.
define that financial literacy is the knowledge to manage finances in financial decision making, where financial knowledge includes: general knowledge of personal finance, savings and loans, insurance, and investment.
Putri & Sumiari .
argue that financial literacy is a basic need for everyone to avoid financial According to the Financial Services Authority, financial literacy is defined as a series of processes or activities to increase the knowledge, competence, skills of consumers and the wider community so that they are able to manage finances better (Financial Services Authority.
Based on the theory of planned behavior, the greater the ease of controlling behavior, the better the behavior possessed by the individual under consideration.
Research conducted by Selcuk .
& Hamdani .
, proves that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior.
The results of this study, in accordance with the findings of previous research conducted by Sugiharti dan Maula .
Rohmanto & Sulsanti .
, and (Rabbani et al.
show significant results.
They revealed that higher financial knowledge is positively correlated with better and wiser financial This finding is consistent with previous research conducted by Laily .
Quirira and Hanafi .
, and Anugrah .
, which confirms that knowledge of financial literacy becomes a foundation in daily decision making.
Thus, the higher a person's financial knowledge and skills, the wiser his financial behavior and more effective in managing finances, as has been proven in research by Fatimah and Susanti .
Based on this explanation, the proposed hypothesis is as follows:
H1: Financial Literacy Has a Positive Effect on Student Financial Management Behavior.
The Effect of Tri-Nga Teachings on Student Financial Management Behavior The relationship between tri-nga variables and financial management behavior is mutually supportive and has a positive relationship with teaching in Taman Siswa Tri-nga can affect the ability and skills in managing student finances.
Tri-nga teaching.
Ngerti (Understandin.
Ngroso (Feelin.
Ngelakoni (Runnin.
is an operational guideline for practice taught by Ki Hadjar Dewantara development of cognitive, emotional, and spiritual aspects of children.
This learning model Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Management Science Doctoral Program.
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aims for children to not only get education intellectually .
, in accordance with the concept emphasized by Ki Hadjar Delwantara 'melngelrti', but there must be a balance with ngroso .
and nglakoni .
That is, the purpose of learning is to develop students' knowledge of what they have learned, to hone their ability to develop the understanding they have understood, and to develop the skills they have learned in accordance with the theory of planned behavior, which was elaborated by Ajzeln .
, a social theory that estimates that human behavior, the result of considerations that are influenced by controlling attitudes, norms, and attitudes, is the main reason for human behavior.
Thus, it is expected that after the child undergoes the learning process, he can understand with his mind, understand with his perception, and be able to implement or apply the knowledge that has been learned.
Research (Nufus and Irnawati 2.
, with implementation of tri-nga is quite good with evidence of growing enthusiasm and student educational achievements, which means that the more optimal the formation of commendable behavior and the application of understanding of tri-nga, the higher the level of understanding and teachings held.
a person, the higher their achievement and motivation will be.
by research by Indarti .
and Putri .
so it can be said that the teachings of tringa have a significant influence on financial management behavior, so the hypothesis proposed is as follows:
H2: Tri-Nga Teachings Have a Positive Influence on Student Financial Management Behavior.
METHOD
Population and Sample The population and sample taken in this study included 106 students from the 2020-2023 class from the Faculty of Economics.
Bachelorwiyata Tamansiswa University, totaling 106 people.
The research method applied is quantitative.
The sampling approach used is convenience sampling which is defined as random sampling.
coincidentally, where a questionnaire in the form of a Google form is given or handed over to someone else so that it can be distributed again to respondents in order to get more data.
Opinion (Sugiyono convenience sampling is a method of limiting the sample through selecting free samples that are in accordance with the wishes of the researcher.
The sample return technique is a technique for collecting samples that are chosen freely without any criteria or opportunities (UlAofah Hernaeny 2.
Operational definitions and indicators Financial Literacy Financial literacy is a combination of awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes and behavior that a person needs to have to make healthy financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial prosperity and also a person's ability to manage finances with the knowledge they have (Raaij, 2.
Financial literacy indicators: Understanding financial concepts.
Understanding financial products, and Ability to use financial knowledge Tri-Nga Teachings (Ngerti.
Ngroso.
Nglakon.
Tri-nga is a practical operational guideline taught by Ki Hadjar Dewantara which includes understanding, feeling and feeling.
In education, it is intended that children are not only educated intellectually .
, in Ki Hajar Dewantara's term 'understanding', but must have a balance with ngroso .
and ngelakoni .
(Ki Hajar Dewantara.
Indicators of tri-nga teachings: Ngerti (Understandin.
Ngroso (Feelin.
and Ngelakoni (Doin.
Student Behavior Financial Management Financial management behavior has a big influence on a person's future and choices to avoid excessive financial problems.
managing one's own finances, it means that someone can take responsibility for themselves Yunita .
Indicators of student financial management behavior: Re-spending as needed, paying obligations on time, planning finances for future needs, saving, and setting aside money for personal needs.
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RESULT and DICUSSION Table 1.
Data collection results Keterangan Total Responden yang terkumpul melalui google from Respondent yang di-outlier Responden yang diolah Sumber : Data Primer .
, diolah Table 2.
Descriptive statistics Minimum Maximum Mean Financial Management 26,45 Behavior Financial Literacy 32,68 Tri-Nga Teachings 25,62 .
Std.
Deviation 3,266 4,888 3,727 Source: SPSS data, processed 2024 Based on table 4.
6, it can be seen that the of 30 and a minimum value of 12.
This explains number of data (N) is 106.
Financial Literacy that some respondents answered agreeing with (X.
has an average value of 32.
68 with a the tri-nga teachings.
Financial management standard deviation of 4.
888, a maximum value behavior (Y) is seen from the minimum value of of 40 and a minimum value of 14.
This explains 9 and maximum value of 30, standard deviation that some respondents answered in agreement 266 and average value of 26.
This with this.
financial literacy.
The tri-nga teachings explains that some respondents answered in (X.
have an average value of 25.
62 with a agreement regarding financial management standard deviation of 3.
727, a maximum value Table 3.
Normality Test results One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Unstandardized Residual Normal Parameters Mean
,0000000
Std.
Deviation 5,76314866 Absolute ,060 Most Extreme Differences Positive ,049 Negative -,060 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z
,060
Asymp.
Sig.
-taile.
,200c,d Source: SPSS data processed in 2024 Based on the results from Table 3, the normality value .
-taile.
is greater than 0.
%), the test shows that the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z conclusion can be drawn that the data has a value is 0.
200 with asymptotic significance .
normal distribution.
Because the asymptotic significance Table 4.
Multicollinearity Test Results Coefficientsa Collinearity Statistics Model Tolerance VIF (Constan.
Financial Literacy ,408 2,448 Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Management Science Doctoral Program.
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Tri-Nga Teachings ,520 1,923 Dependent variable: Student Financial Management Behavior (Y).
Data processed from SPSS software in 2024.
The SPSS analysis results in table 4 show that the .
Therefore, it can be concluded that there is multicollinearity test for each independent no indication of the existence of multicollinearity variable produces a VIF value of less than 10 in this regression model.
Tabel 5.
Heteroscedasticity Test Results Coefficients a Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients Coefficients Modal B Std.
Error Beta Sig.
(Constan.
1,830 2,723 ,672 ,503 Financial Literacy -,116 ,072 -,209 -1,623 ,108 Tri-Nga Teachings -,082 ,092 -,119 -,892 ,375 Source: SPSS data processed in 2024 According to table 5 presented above, the that in this test, there are no signs of significance value for each independent variable heteroscedasticity in the independent variables.
shows a number > 0.
Thus, it can be concluded Table 6.
T Test Results Cofficients a Unstandardized Coefficients Model Std.
Error Sig Description 1 (Constan.
33,465 3,476 9,627 ,000 Financial Literacy (X.
1,601 ,130 12,327 ,000 Supported Tri-Nga Teachings 1,196 ,101 11,883 ,000 Supported (X.
The dependent variable in this study is Student Financial Management Behavior (Y).
Source: SPSS data processed, 2024 Based on table 8, above it can be concluded that:
Based on the results of data management, the financial literacy variable (X.
obtained a t-count value of 12.
327, a significant value > 0.
000, obtained a t-table of 1.
983, this shows that the t-count was 12.
327 > t-table So it can be concluded that H1 is This means that financial literacy has a positive impact on students' financial management behavior.
Based on the results obtained in data management for the tri-nga teachings variable (X.
, the t count was 11.
883 and a significant value of 0.
The significance value was less 05, namely 0.
000, the t table was 1.
this shows that the t count was 11.
883 > t table 1,983.
So it can be concluded that H2 is This means that tri-nga teachings have a positive effect on students' financial management behavior.
Table 7.
F Test Results ANOVA a Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Management Science Doctoral Program.
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Model Regression Residual Total Sum of 6774,608 1448,043 8222,651 Mean Square Sig.
2258,203
14,197
159,068
,000b Source: SPSS data processed in 2024 Based on the results of analysis using the that there is a simultaneous influence of Financial SPSS program, the calculated F value of 159.
068 Literacy (X.
and Tri-Nga Teachings (X.
on exceeds the F table value of 0.
Therefore, this Student Financial Management Behavior (Y) at hypothesis can be accepted.
It can be concluded the Faculty of Economics.
Bachelorwiyata that in this context, the hypothesis which states Tamansiswa University can be accepted.
Table 8.
Coefficient of Determination Test Results (R 2 ) Model R Square Adjusted R Std.
Error of the Square Estimate ,908 ,824 ,819 3,768 Source: SPSS data processed in 2024 Based on table 7, the adjusted R square research conducted by Sulgiharti & Maulla value of 0.
819 shows that the Financial Literacy .
Rohmanto & Sulsanti .
and and Tri-Nga Teachings variables provide a Rahmawati et al.
, .
which obtained significant contribution of 81.
9% to student significant results.
This can be seen from the financial management behavior.
The remaining higher a person's financial knowledge, the better 1% may be influenced by other factors not and wiser their financial behavior, where included in this study or variables not discussed.
financial literacy knowledge is the basis for decision making in everyday life.
This is in line
DICUSSION
with the results of previous research which The Influence of Literacy on Student shows that financial literacy has a significant Financial Management Behavior influence on students' financial behavior.
Laily In this study, hypothesis 1 proposed is the .
Quirira and Hanafi .
and Anugrah influence of literacy.
Based on the results of which means that the higher a person's hypothesis 1 testing, the results show that the financial knowledge and ability to implement financial literacy variable influences students' financial aspects, the more wise financial financial management behavior.
Therefore, it is behavior and effective financial management proven by the results based on table 4.
16 in the will be produced.
T test which explains that financial literacy has This is in line with the theory of planned an influence on students' financial management behavior, the greater the ease in controlling This can be seen from the significant behavior, the better the behavior of the value of 0.
000 < 0.
05 with the calculated t value individual being considered.
Research 327 > t table 1.
983, so that H1 in the conducted by Selcuk .
& Hamdani .
, research is accepted.
Thus, it can be concluded proves that financial literacy has a positive and that financial literacy has an influence on significant influence on financial management students' financial management behavior.
The results of this research show that Tri-Nga Teachings on Student Financial financial literacy has a positive effect on Management Behavior students' financial management behavior In this study, hypothesis 2 proposed is the because students have good financial teachings of tri-nga.
Based on the results of knowledge and are wise in managing their hypothesis 2 testing, the results showed that the This shows that students have tri-nga teaching variable had a positive effect on mastered the required knowledge and abilities.
financial management behavior.
Therefore, it is The results of this research are in line with Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Management Science Doctoral Program.
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proven by the results based on table 4.
16 in the T test which explains that the tri-nga teachings have an impact on financial management This can be seen from the significance value of 0.
000 < 0.
05 with a calculated t value of 883 > t table 1.
983, so that H2 in the research is accepted.
With that, it can be concluded that the tri-nga teachings have an influence on financial management behavior.
The results of this research show that the tri-nga teachings have a positive influence on financial management behavior, therefore, the tri-nga teachings (Understand.
Ngroso.
Nglakon.
teach us about reminding us of all our life directions or ideals that require understanding, awareness and sincerity in understanding is not enough if you don't realize it and it means nothing if you don't implement it and fight for it.
This is in line with the TPB or Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) proposed by Ajzeln .
under tri-nga which is a social theory that predicts human behavior, the result of considerations which are influenced by controlling attitudes, norms, and attitudes are the main reasons for decision-making behavior.
Thus, it is hoped that after the child undergoes the learning process, he can understand with his mind, understand with his feelings, and be able to carry out or implement the knowledge he has acquired in everyday life.
In Nufus & Irnawati's .
research, the results showed that the implementation of tringa teachings was quite good with evidence of growing enthusiasm for learning in students.
This means that the better a person applies noble morals and tri-nga teachings, the higher their achievements and desires will be and is supported by research by Indarti .
and Putri .
so it can be said that Tringa teachings have a significant influence on financial management behavior.
CONCLUSION
From the results of this research, several things can be concluded as follows: Financial literacy has a positive and significant impact on students' financial management behavior.
This means that students who have a strong knowledge and understanding of finance tend to demonstrate better financial behavior as well.
(Napitupulu.
Ellyawati, and Astuti 2.
Tri-Nga teachings also have a positive impact on financial management behavior.
This shows that the principles and teachings applied in everyday life can also influence how a person manages their finances (Prastyatini and Utami Financial literacy and tri-nga teachings, together contribute to having a significant impact on how students manage their finances.
This emphasizes the importance of understanding finances and applying values in achieving success in managing personal REFERENCES