JOURNAL LA SOCIALE
VOL. 01, ISSUE 01 (019-024), 2020

Socio-Cultural Change of Society Against Health in the Village of Panciro,
Gowa Regency
Ifan Surya Negara
University of Muhammadiyah Makassar, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Ifan Surya Negara
Article Info
Article history:
Received 08 January 2020
Received in revised form 15
January 2020
Accepted 22 January 2020
Keywords:
Social Change
Culture
Society
Healthritten

Abstract
This study aims to determine the social and cultural changes of the
community towards health in the Village of Panciro, Gowa Regency. This
research method uses a qualitative approach and descriptive type. Data
sources of this research are interviews and documentation. Activities in
data analysis include data reduction, data display, and conclusion
drawing. The results showed that traditional treatments or modern
treatments can be a comparison in society, but all returned with that
choice, in which both have the same goal of treating illness and healing
albeit in different ways between the two. There are community norms that
are strongly held by the Gowa community where men should not be
shaking hands with a woman who is not his mahram (not related by
blood), so a woman must be treated by a doctor of the same sex. The
Government of Gowa Regency pays attention to the health sector by
cutting the administration process to hasten the queue so that this can be
a trigger for people to prefer treatment at the hospital rather than
traditional medicine.

Introduction
Along with the development of science and technology that may bring changes to human life
both in terms of changes in lifestyle and social order (social strata), including in the field of
health which is often confronted in a matter that is directly related to the norms and culture
adopted by the people who live in a certain place (Nichter, 2008; Alegria, 2011).
Social change is a condition that occurs in local communities who live in their surrounding
area where the impact varies according to the local customs (Vanclay, 2002; Furlong &
Cartmel, 2006). Social change occurs when some people or groups give a new color in the
habits of the local community (Agrawal & Gibson, 2001). Social change can occur or will
occur if the community agrees to leave the old culture and habits that have become hereditary
in the community (Marius, 2006).
Social influence in the community can give even an important role in terms of health because
both are close relationships where socio-cultural influences on a person's lifestyle or patterns
of the local community. As an example of the relationship between socio-culture and health is
when an area promotes cleanliness then there will definitely be no or the percentage of people
infected with DHF or even typhoid due to environmental conditions that are maintained to
reduce the percentage of people affected by the disease. According to Uchino et al (1996), there
are many relationships between social and health.
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Copyright © 2020, Journal La Sociale, Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0

Basically, the community has experienced significant changes in terms of culture and health
(Soejoeti, 2005). Communities are more sensitive in terms of health even though there are still
some communities that still survive with old habits or culture (Honari & Boleyn, 2005;
Tumanggor, 2010). There is nothing wrong with traditional medicine or modern medicine, just
choose which changes health. If the community still uses the old way of handling health, it is
their choice, but it must also be balanced with appropriate treatment recommendations because
if they choose the wrong treatment, it will have a negative impact in the future.
The relationship between culture and health is closely related, as another example in the area
of Gowa Regency where a dominant Panciro Village community with a lower economy can
survive by means of certain medications according to local traditions. Culture can shape habits
and responses to health and disease in all societies regardless of their level. That is why it is
important for health workers to not only promote health but also make them understand the
process of occurrence of an illness and how to correct beliefs or cultures that are adhered to
with health.
Gowa Regency is one of the districts with a percentage of diverse cultures with diverse ethnic
groups. The Local Government, in this case, the Gowa Regent has given a breakthrough in
dealing with cultural issues by elevating local culture and competing for culture, not only
culture but the government provides education about the importance of health in society which
can lift so that the close relationship between culture and health of an area in this is the people
of Gowa Regency. On the other hand, the community is very supportive of the program that
the government is doing specifically about health, according to him, the current government is
prioritizing health because it is the basis on which people can look for income to cover the
shortcomings they can use in their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the
social and cultural changes of the community towards health in the Village of Panciro, Gowa
Regency.
Methods
This research uses qualitative research. The type used in this research is descriptive research.
This research was conducted in Panciro Village, Gowa Regency, which involved people living
in Panciro Village, Gowa Regency, Linggang Bigung District, West Kutai Regency. Data
sources of this research are interviews and documentation. Activities in data analysis include
data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.
Results and Discussion
Culture and Traditional Medicine
Culture has an understanding as a symbol or feature of diversity in a particular area where the
culture is closely related to the habits of the local community where the culture is created from
the ancestors who settled in the area. While social has a meaning as a form of cooperation
between humans and other people (individuals or groups). So the conclusion is social culture
is closely related to the diversity of society in an area that is held in high esteem by the
successors or future generations in the area.
In various regions, they have their own way of dealing with health problems in terms of
traditional medicine, it is considered that the arrival of a disease is caused not only by an error
in the body's system, but there are other factors, namely the ancestral habits left by family
members so that it causes the arrival of diseases in the family member whereas in medical
science assume that the disease is caused due to an error in the human body system so that the
body is not in a good state (sick).

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Copyright © 2020, Journal La Sociale, Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0

Not a few in areas in various parts of the world have smart people or who are more often called
shamans, especially in the area of researchers refer to by the name "Sanrro". Traditional
medicine in some circles in the research area is still more effective than by going to a nearby
hospital or community health center, in addition to being relatively cheaper, it also takes a long
time to queue and fill in biodata related to hospital administration.
A very striking difference between traditional medicine and modern medicine is seen in the
process or how to deal with patients in the process of healing an illness. Where traditional
medicine or long-term treatment argues that the presence of a disease or the emergence of a
disease is not only influenced by factors in the body that are problematic, but other factors
occur including the community's habit factor that is left behind, causing problems in family
members. This has become an inherent thing in the trust of the people of Gowa Regency, which
if the disease occurs can be caused by the factor of customs that are forgotten. The difference
is with modern medicine which assumes that the arrival of a pure disease because of
abnormalities in the human body so that it affects the work system of the human body.
Traditional medicine in some communities in the Gowa regency especially in the village of
Panciro is still mushrooming even though the local government recommends that treatment be
done at a local hospital or health center. However, there are still many people who prefer to do
treatment in traditional ways for various reasons.
Determining Factors
In relation to traditional medicine and modern medicine, several factors influence society,
including. (1) Economic Factors, it is undeniable that the fundamental problem of why
traditional medicine is still an option in some societies is an economic problem where
traditional medicine is easier than modern medicine. (2) Possible Factors that Include
Availability of Facilities and Infrastructure or Health facilities for the community, for example,
health service facilities. The government, in this case, must play an active role in handling the
problem of facilities and infrastructure in hospitals or health centers. The lack of good
management can be impacted by the safety of the community, for example in the village of
Panciro which is far from the main road has constraints about government facilities around his
house. (3) Factors of Burnout Against Medical Services. The treatment process is too long to
cause the patient to get bored and try to find other alternative treatments that accelerate the
healing process. (4) Benefits and Success Factors. Success factors and benefits become the
value or determining points of a choice between choosing traditional treatment or medical
treatment/modern. Where some people still consider traditional healing faster healing when
compared with treatment at the hospital. (5) Community norms in relation to health. Norms of
the local community are closely related in terms of health where the community is always
associated with the two ties. For example, the Gowa community, in this case, men and women,
where men are not allowed to greet a woman who is not a Muslim, so a woman when examined
must be done with a doctor of the same sex.
Traditional treatment or modern treatment can be a comparison in society but all come back
with that choice, in which both have the same goal of treating illness and healing albeit in
different ways between the two.
Government Role
The government plays an active role in dealing with local community health issues, in this case,
the Gowa Regency government. Gowa Regent, Adnan Ichsan Yasin Limpo, through a free
health program for residents of Gowa Regency only on the condition of depositing family cards
and residence cards, but according to the community some of the programs are still considered
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Copyright © 2020, Journal La Sociale, Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0

to be lacking back up health problems because the program does not cover the entire type of
disease or the availability of drugs. Most people complained about the drug problem that was
given along with the administration process and the very long queues. according to Dg Sarro,
one of the speakers who live in Panciro Village.
The central government through the Health BPJS (Health Insurance Provider Agency) program
(KIS) in the value is still not impartial to the health needs of the community. Recently the
government through the Ministry of Health gave an ultimatum to the rising costs of BPJS
contributions for the independent route. the community considers this to be a very heavy matter
where all costs will increase while income remains not to mention the issue of Social inequality
in the Gowa Regency area where people still earn below the average. The availability of places
is still a problem in each hospital.
Private Hospitals and the Government often argue that the available space is full so that many
patients have been abandoned. Until this moment, no clarity can explain the problem. Health
issues should be addressed in order to carry out the mandate of the constitution, namely
ensuring health for the people of Indonesia. The government, in this case, the health
management agency, must look at the situation of the Indonesian community, which is still
mostly earning below average before taking the policy to raise BPJS contributions only because
the government is wrong in managing finances and making decisions that affect small
communities.
The government as the power holder should make decisions considering the impact caused by
the decisions implemented, how is the overall community response between the impacts on the
community with a standard economic level and the middle and lower levels, many people
complain that the tuition fees rose 100%, the community doubts the policy This is effective
when compared with the facilities provided by the local hospital.
The government should pay attention to the small community with policies that take sides
collectively. This is the basic thing why most people still depend on traditional treatment
because it is cheaper and the process is faster than going to a local hospital. And also some
people complained about the services of users of BPJS that do not facilitate well, especially the
issue of increasing BPJS is now increasingly widespread. it was debated among the people who
were pros and cons with the government which continued to raise fees which according to the
community were not proportional to the reciprocity they felt. As the community also
questioned what was the basis of the formation of the BPJS card because according to them the
BPJS were only a burden on them and considered the BPJS to be only the interests of the group
who take advantage of their position to seize a large profit, some people thus prefer traditional
medicine compared to modern medicine (hospital).
In some communities, they lack trust or no longer trust any policy given by the government
regarding health policy issues which are considered to be in favor of the community, especially
the community of Panciro Village according to one of the Panciro Village resources persons.
If people compare to be economical in terms of expenditure compared to the results obtained.
According to the observations of researchers from what researchers found in the field that some
people do not agree even do not want government policies specifically in the field of health,
according to him the government only makes arbitrary policies that are not based on the results
of field surveys that people want and can help ease the burden they feel all this time. The
community, especially in the village of Panciro, still does not accept it well with the increase
in the BPJs payment fees.
All government agencies in the government should provide more impartial input to the people
from all walks of life especially those with economies with below-average incomes. Traditional
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Copyright © 2020, Journal La Sociale, Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0

medicine is still popular in the village of Panciro although not a few paradigms of community
thinking have begun to switch to modern medicine for a variety of reasons.
Traditional medicine and modern medicine the desired tip is to be healthy so researchers agree
that any treatment explains healthy. Nevertheless, the conflict between these problems until
today is still a debate among the people. Researchers applaud some of the policies taken by the
government, especially the Gowa Regency Government, who dared to take the initiative to
provide free health care for the people of Gowa Regency.
The leadership of the regent, Adnan Puritna Ichsan Yasin Limpo, in terms of health is quite
good although there are still deficiencies in it but according to this researcher can be corrected
from sharing one sector by facilitating the public in terms of administration so that people do
not need to queue long in the hospital so that this can be a trigger for people to prefer treatment
at the hospital rather than traditional medicine. If the community has begun to shift to modern
medicine, it can increase local income, especially in the Gowa Regency.
Conclusion
Culture has an understanding as a symbol or feature of diversity in a particular area where
culture is closely related to the habits of the local community in which culture is created from
the ancestors who reside in the area. While social means as a form of cooperation between
humans and one another (individuals or groups). So the conclusion is that social culture is
closely related to the diversity of the community in an area that is held in high esteem by the
successors or future generations in the area. The government as the power holder should make
decisions considering the impact caused in the decisions adopted, how the overall community
response between impacts on the community with the standard economy and the lower middle
class, many people complained about the contribution of BPJS which rose 100%. This is
effective when compared with the facilities provided by the local hospital.
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Copyright © 2020, Journal La Sociale, Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0