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id/dedikasi Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan DEVELOPING QUALITATIVE INSTRUMENT
TO MEASURE ENTREPRENEUR KNOWLEDGE
Damelina Basauli Tambunan.
Norashidah Binti Hashim.
International Business Management.
Fakultas Bisnis dan Manajemen.
Universitas Ciputra UC Town.
Citraland.
Surabaya, email: damelina@ciputra.
Co-operative and Entrepreneurship Development Institute.
Universiti Utara Malaysia Kompleks Konvensyen.
Universiti Utara Malaysia, email: norashidah@uum.
Abstract: This study aims to produce a qualitative instrument for entrepreneur knowledge.
Based on previous research, it was prepared a set of questions to determine the items that make up the entrepreneurial knowledge.
Ten informants involved, they are all the entrepreneur.
They were asked their opinions regarding the knowledge they need in running a business.
The focus group discussion conducted to find the data.
The results showed that there are four dimensions of knowledge entrepreneurs namely the level of education with three items statements, functional knowledge with ten items of the statement, the skill with nine items statement and the last is self-confidence with four items Keywords: entrepreneur, knowledge, level of education, functional knowledge, skill, selfconfidence.
The Indonesian government considered the students to change the way of thinking/culture importance of the role of the entrepreneur for the paradigm of job seekers to the job creators.
The welfare of the nation, as part of efforts to reduce university responds to the program in various ways the number of unemployed.
For this purpose, ranging from the establishment of incubator various parties are encouraged to produce programs, mentoring, additional credits for programs that can help create entrepreneurs.
The university is one of the institutions are encouraged These responses aim to answer the to be a bridge for the creation of graduates who needs of the country to increase the entrepreneur.
have the knowledge and ability to be an As a university where the main service is to Directorate General of Higher produce graduates who have the knowledge and Education initiated the Student Entrepreneurial skills of a particular field, it is necessary to provide Program (Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha-PMW) a measuring tool to measure the knowledge which is expected to create young entrepreneurs possessed by the graduates.
If the university is from the university were able competitive national, committed to producing graduates who are able to regional and international.
Therefore, every become an entrepreneur, it is necessary to provide university is encouraged to develop a Center for a measuring tool to measure the knowledge Entrepreneurship and the National Productivity possessed by the entrepreneur.
Therefore, the focus (Pengembangan of this study is to discuss the measuring tools to Pusat Kewirausahaan Produktifitas Nasional - P2KPN) and motivate Volume 1.
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id/dedikasi Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan LITERATURE REVIEW Functional Knowledge Knowledge can primarily be described as Functional knowledge is a knowledge that is something that makes both data and information owned by an entrepreneur which can use/function It implies that knowledge is the of running a business.
Therefore, this functional ability to process information and use it as the basis knowledge refers to knowledge of business for decision-making and action.
Thus knowledge is management that are generally obtained from the a combination of the capacity to process process of both formal and informal education.
information and use it in an action (Beijerse, 2.
When referring to the classification of knowledge Another definition stated by Leonard and Sensiper conveyed by Polanyi .
in Beijerse .
, .
that knowledge is relevant and usable information obtained from experienced.
According knowledge also known as know-what knowledge.
to Mincer .
in Lopes .
Barker i and Mueller .
support this statement by saying that a personAos knowledge depends on his education and experiences.
The learning perspective suggests that the more knowledge a person has, the more capable that person is in making associations and solving problems effectively and accurately (Cohen & Levinthal , 1.
(Eisenhardt & Martin, 2.
Accroding to Omerzel & Antoncic .
, knowledge an entrepreneur, namely: education, functional knowledge, skills and self-confidence.
The following will explain each of these Education Education is accepted as one of the factors that enrich one's knowledge.
The higher a person's education is taken, then the more knowledge he This is in line with that proposed by Barker i and Mueller .
, one's knowledge is shaped by his education and experience.
Volume 1.
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In this study, skills refer to the skills in running a Skills are grouped as knowledge because according to Polanyi .
in Beijerse .
personal or tacit knowledge is extremely important for human cognition, because man actively seeks knowledge through creation or co-creation process and processes the information using his own In the context of classification of knowledge according to Polanyi .
in Beijerse .
, skills is similar to the tacit knowledge that is a very personal understanding.
Self-Confidence A person with low self-confidence will not be effective in using its knowledge.
Therefore, confidence is one dimension determining whether a person has knowledge or not.
As stated by Park.
Mothersbaugh and Feick .
self-confidence as the initial state of certain knowledge.
Selfconfidence determines a personAos belief in doing what he w.
id/dedikasi Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan RESEARCH METHOD
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This study was conducted to confirm the After dimensions of entrepreneur knowledge to ten informants, it was found that the entire items The method used to confirm is by statement confirmed that knowledge with the four organizing a focus group discussion.
First of all, dimensions need to be owned by an entrepreneur items of entrepreneur knowledge dimensions in order to successfully run the company.
It was developed with reference to the research Omerzel found that the latest education adopted by the & Antoncic .
After that, a discussion guided informants are the factors that shape their by the moderator to explore the needed knowledge knowledge, affect them in making business should own by entrepreneurs in doing business.
decision and develop their way in solving the For the dimension of education level, there As one example, informant stated that are three items that asked about the perception of when the informant had to make a business informants on the education they already take.
proposal, the reference used is the experience of Questions explored is how their last education, writing proposals during his lectures at the knowledge they have.
For functional knowledge Functional knowledge with a ten items there are ten items statement confirmed.
These statement confirmed as the determining factors of items include their knowledge of the industry they entrepreneur knowledge.
As indicated by the are in, aspects of logistics, quality assurance, informant when determining how to use the profit of the company, financial knowledge is crucial, organizational management, customer relationship, whether earnings will be retained or used for business expansion.
Similarly, when the informant Furthermore, to determine the dimensions of the wanted to determine the production process, the skills there are nine items that were asked include knowledge of the technical aspects related to managerial skills, technical aspects of their production helps them to achieve efficiency and business-related skills, communication skills, timeliness of production.
presentation, analytical skills, skills of a forward- Furthermore, the skills also confirmed as the looking business opportunity, the skills to work in a knowledge that help the informant to conduct team, influencing others and the skills to manage The informant stated that when they want As for the dimensions of self-confidence, to cooperate with business partners such as there are four items in question statement includes investors, suppliers, or customers, communication the informant's confidence to implement the skills and influence others is very influential in company's plans, confidence in the success of the paving their business goals.
Likewise, the items on company, the company's ability to overcome the self-confidence was confirmed to be a factor problems and confidence to face new challenges.
supporting the informant in running the business.
This means that with their confidence, informants Volume 1.
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id/dedikasi Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan were more confident in running the business.
tested by involving an amount of more samples, said by informants that confidence to achieve the where data collection can be done through a planned targets together with the knowledge of With quantitative testing, it will be doing business is very helpful in achieving the known whether the four-dimension is confirmed as company's goals.
the dimension of the entrepreneur knowledge.
It is This study successfully demonstrated that necessary to be done in order to enhance the there are four dimensions of entrepreneur entrepreneur's knowledge assessment instruments As for the four dimensions are level of education, functional knowledge, skills and selfconfidence.
These four dimensions are forming the knowledge that an entrepreneur should possess in order to succeed in doing business.
Four dimensions were adopted from the research conducted by Omerzel & Antoncic .
Likewise, for each item of each dimension is developed from the same research and confirmed in this study.
This study uses a subjective approach, where the informants describe their knowledge based on their own perceptions.
In general, knowledge assessment using objective assessments that measure existing knowledge .
in a person (Brucks, 1.
However, some studies also conducted an assessment of knowledge with the subjective manner as done by Sitzmann.
Ely.
Brown, & Bauer, .
Although there are differences between the appropriate knowledge assessment whether subjective or objective.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Conclusion This entrepreneurial knowledge has four dimensions, namely level of education, functional knowledge, skills and self-confidence.
Level of education has three items statements describing how the influence of education on the knowledge of a Functional knowledge consists of ten items that describe the knowledge required in running a business, skill consists of nine items that contain skills needed in running a business, such as communication skill, technical skill as well as dealing with other parties.
While self-confidence is comprised of four statements that describe the informant confidence in managing its business.
Suggestion Future studies are recommended to conduct research conducted by the Park.
Mothersbaugh and Feick .
and Brucks .
, shows that the entrepreneurial knowledge.
It is advisable to relative subjective and objective assessments involve a larger number of respondents so the provide the same results.
Regardless of the debate results can complement the findings of this study about the appropriate assessment, this study suggests that quantitative testing of entrepreneur Items statement that describes the four dimensions of entrepreneur knowledge can be Volume 1.
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id/dedikasi Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan REFERENCES