Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat ISSN 2086-6569 | eAeISSN 2776-351X Web: http://jurnal.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Terakreditasi Peringkat SINTA 2 DOI: 10.
55511/jpsttd.
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND
INTERESTS OF THE COMMUNITY IN USING
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN PURWOREJO
REGENCY
Muhammad Isnu Bilhalal1.
Femmy Sofie Schouten2.
Librita Arifiani3 Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti Politeknik Transportasi Darat IndonesiaAeSTTD Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti *E-mail:
isnubilhalal77@gmail.
Manuscript travel history 10 Desember 2025 approved, 3 March 2026 published online Abstract This study examines community characteristics and interest in using rural public transportation in Purworejo Regency, motivated by a significant decline in fleet numbers and passenger demand in recent years.
This condition is influenced by several factors, including tariff uncertainty, low load factors, increased private vehicle ownership, and competition from emerging transport modes such as the Trans Jateng BRT.
The study aims to analyze the determinants of public interest in rural transportation use and to formulate strategies to enhance demand.
A quantitative approach was employed using primary data collected from 400 respondents through questionnaires.
The analyzed variables include accessibility, safety, fares, and service quality.
Data were analyzed using Structural Equation ModelingAePartial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.
The results indicate that accessibility, safety, and fares have a positive and significant effect on service quality, which in turn significantly influences public interest in using rural transportation.
Additionally, these variables also directly affect user interest.
Based on these findings, improving accessibility, safety, affordable fare structures, and consistent service quality is essential to increase ridership, particularly among students.
Recommended strategies include service schedule adjustments, targeted fare subsidies for students, integration with the Trans Jateng BRT, and regular monitoring and evaluation involving user participation.
Keywords: Rural Transportation.
Community Interest.
Accessibility.
Safety.
Partial Least Squares (PLS) Keywords: Rural Transportation.
Community Interest.
Accessibility.
Safety.
Partial Least Squares (PLS) INTRODUCTION Purworejo Regency is one of the strategic areas in Central Java that is a link with the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
the increase in the population from 714,816 people in 2019 to 795,033 people in 2024 This growth should increase the need for public transportation services, however, in reality this condition is not followed by an increase in the use of public transportation.
On the other hand, the public transportation sector, especially rural transportation, is facing significant pressure due to the increasing use of private vehicles and the presence of new modes of transportation such as the Transjateng BRT since 2020 and online motorcycle taxi services.
The impact of this intermodal competition is reflected in the decrease in the number of fleets from 1,041 units in 2020 to 1,003 units in 2021 to 2022, there are only 577 units and in 2024 there are only 319 rural transportation units still operating.
This decrease in service capacity was followed by a decrease in demand for the number of passengers in 2020 the number of public transportation passengers amounted to 871,759 passengers, in 2021 to 646,751 with a total of 633,135 passengers recorded in 2022 (Bapedda Litbang Purworejo, 2.
Selain itu, berdasarkan Surat Route Decision In 2018.
Purworejo Regency has 66 rural transportation routes.
From the results of the inventory survey that has been carried out, of the 66 routes, 38 routes are active and operating, the other 28 Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 routes are no longer active and no longer operating.
These indicators show a significant decrease in the availability of public transportation services and a weakening of public interest in Rural Transportation.
One of the important variables that affects interest in using public transportation is accessibility.
Accessibility includes the ease of the community in reaching and using public transportation services, including the availability of routes, departure frequencies, and the distance from the residence to the transportation stop point.
(Syarif Hidayatullah.
Setyorini.
Irany Windhyastiti.
The safety aspect is another important consideration.
Many people are reluctant to use rural public transportation because of the perception of low safety, both in terms of poorly maintained vehicle conditions, driver skills, and personal safety aspects during the trip.
In Purworejo, several old village transportation fleets with an average vehicle age of more than 20 years have the potential to reduce the level of public trust in safety guarantees.
There is no certainty of tariffs and competition with the Transjateng BRT which is considered more affordable, rural transportation tariffs based on the Decree of the Regent of Purworejo Number 18/823/2022 the lowest tariff is IDR 5100 while the lowest tariff of the Trans Jateng BRT tariff is IDR 2000 making rural transportation in Purworejo Regency increasingly unpopular with the community, marked by the decreasing number of routes and fleets operating to date.
Rural transportation that does not receive subsidies like the Transjateng BRT due to the increase and uncertainty of tariffs, people are increasingly reluctant to use rural transportation.
Passenger fares are one of the factors that affect or have a significant impact on consumers' decisions to use transportation services (Asia, 2.
The quality of service includes aspects of punctuality, comfort, driver friendliness, and vehicle (Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
Poor service can reduce user loyalty, on the contrary, good service will increase interest.
In Purworejo, the community assesses that the quality of public transportation services is still low because there are frequent delays and uncertainty about the frequency of rural transportation vehicles.
Interest in using public transportation is the result of the interaction of the various factors above.
Behavioral theories such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) explain that interests are influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavior control.
(Ajzen, 1.
In the context of Purworejo, public perceptions of fares, comfort, safety, and accessibility collectively shape the intention and decision to use public transportation.
In the context of Purworejo, public perceptions of fares, comfort, safety, and accessibility collectively shape the intention and decision to use public transportation.
Research on the interest in using public transportation in cities in Indonesia reveals several main factors that affect the use of public transportation.
In Bali, although the Trans Metro Dewata bus system offers complete facilities and affordable prices, public interest in using public transportation is still low while private vehicle ownership remains high (PRAMESTI et al.
, 2.
In Jakarta, user trust and service quality significantly influence interest in public transportation use, where these factors work together to influence public transportation usage decisions (Fadhlilah & Mariah.
In Makassar, the decline in the use of mikrolets is due to several dimensions of service quality including reliability, responsiveness, guarantee, empathy, and tangible aspects, along with the availability of alternative transportation options such as online taxis and BRT (Maryam et al.
In Yogyakarta, civil servants (ASN) show low use of public transportation for work trips, with only 4% using Trans Jogja buses, mainly due to accessibility factors including mobility, weather, comfort, and service quality dimensions such as information, security, and cleanliness(ARFIANTO & Fauziah, 2.
The above studies generally examine service factors separately or place specific variables .
afety, efficiency, or quality of servic.
as the main determinants, without examining the structural relationships between the variables as a whole.
There have not been many studies that integrate accessibility, safety, fares, and service quality in a single comprehensive analysis framework to Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 explain the interest in using rural public transportation, especially with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach.
The low interest of the people of Purworejo in rural transportation is a problem that needs to be For this reason, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study of user characteristics and community preferences in choosing modes of transportation, especially rural transportation.
knowing these characteristics and interests, the government can formulate transportation strategies that are more targeted and able to increase trust and use of public transportation by the public.
This research is focused on the analysis of community characteristics and factors that affect interest in using public transportation in Purworejo Regency.
The research will examine the relationship between the variables of accessibility, safety, tariffs, and service quality to public interest in using public transportation.
The following is the research model that will be explained in Figure 1.
Accessibility Safety Quality of Service Interest in Using Public Transportation Tariff Figure 1.
frame of mind Based on the theoretical framework of thought that has been described above, the hypotheses proposed in this study are:
Direct Influence of Accessibility.
Safety, and Fare Variables on (Public Transportation Interes.
H1 : Accessibility has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest H2 : Safety has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest H3 : Tariffs have a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest Direct Influence of Accessibility Variables.
Safety.
Tariffs on (Service Qualit.
H4 : Accessibility has a positive effect on Service Quality H5 : Safety has a positive effect on Service Quality H6 : Tariff has a positive effect on Service Quality Direct Influence (Quality of Service on Public Transportation Interes.
H7 : Service Quality has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest Indirect Influence (Mediatio.
of Accessibility.
Safety, and Tariffs on Interest in Using Public Transportation through Service Quality H8 : Accessibility has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest through the quality of Service H9 : Safety has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest through the quality of Service H10 : Tariffs have a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest through the quality of Service METHOD This research was conducted in the Purworejo Regency area using a quantitative approach with the purpose of this approach to test the relationship between variables objectively and measurably, as well as identify direct and indirect influences between research constructs.
Furthermore, the questionnaire was measured with a Likert Scale score of 1 to 5 with a choice of answers, namely:
Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 strongly disagree .
, disagree .
Neutral/Hesitant .
, agree .
, strongly agree .
This study uses the Stratified Random Sampling technique, where the population is divided into strata based on the sub-district area, then the number of respondents is determined proportionally based on the number of residents in each sub-district with a total sample of 400 Table 1.
Number of Respondents District Number of respondents Grabag Ngombol Purwodadi Bagelen Kaligesing Purworejo Banyuurip Bayan Kutoarjo Butuh Pituruh Kemiri Bruno Gebang Loano Bener TOTAL In this study, five variables were used which were divided into four independent variables and one dependent variable.
Independent variables/independent variables are variables that affect dependent variables.
The variables are:
Independent Variables:
Accessibility (X.
: Accessibility refers to the ease felt by the community in accessing rural transportation services, both in terms of distance, time, and route availability.
The higher the level of accessibility .
lose, easy to reach, integrated with activity centers and integrated with other public transportatio.
, the more likely people are to be interested in using it.
Safety (X.
: Safety reflects the public's perception of the level of safety and risk of accidents when using rural transportation.
Tariff (X.
: The fare reflects the travel expenses that must be incurred by the user.
The perception of fares that are affordable, commensurate with the quality of service, or cheaper than other modes can increase people's interest in choosing rural transportation.
Variable Intervention:
Service Quality (Z): Service quality plays a role as a mediating/intervening variable that bridges the influence of independent variables on interest in using rural transportation.
Variable Dependence:
Interest in Using Rural Transportation (Y): This interest refers to the desire, intention, or tendency of people to use rural transportation as the main mode of transportation in daily Table 2.
Operational Research Variables Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Variabel Accessibility Accessibility Indicator Code Source I find it easy to carry out daily activities .
uch as work, shopping, or schoo.
using public
AK1
(Saif et al.
, 2.
I feel that public transportation routes in Purworejo have reached important areas such as areas, offices, entertainment centers, tourist sites, and other areas.
AK2
(Saif et al.
, 2.
I am satisfied with the ability of public transportation to take me to the activities I want.
AK3
(Saif et al.
, 2.
I had trouble reaching several locations in a day using rural transportation AK4 (Yumita et al.
, 2.
It took me a short time to reach the public transport
AK5
(Syarif Hidayatullah, et al.
The distance from my house to the public transport stop is quite close and easy to reach.
AK6
(Syarif Hidayatullah, et al.
The condition of the road to the public transportation stop .
uch as sidewalks or neighborhood road.
is in good condition and comfortable to pass.
AK7
(Syarif Hidayatullah, et al.
I felt safe when walking to the public transportation stop, including while waiting for transportation at the AK8 (Syarif Hidayatullah, et al.
I can easily switch to another route if my destination is not served by one public transportation.
AK9
(Syarif Hidayatullah, et al.
Rural transport route information and schedules are available and easy to understand.
KP1
(Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
Rural Transportation arrives and departs on time as KP2 (Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
I felt comfortable when I was in the Rural transport and waited at the bus stop.
Whether the number of public transportation vehicles is sufficient to serve the needs of passengers.
KP3
(Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
KP4 Rahadian & Sardjito.
The waiting time for public transportation at the bus stop or stopping place is quite short.
KP5
(Rahadian & Sardjito.
Is the travel time using rural transportation efficient and as needed.
KP6
(Rahadian & Sardjito.
Rural transport drivers always drop off and pick up passengers at the proper stop The rural transportation I use is roadworthy and well I feel safe while on public transport during the trip.
KS1
(Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
KS2 (Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
KS3 (Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
Public transport drivers drive safely and orderly according to traffic rules Rural transportation is equipped with safety equipment such as light fire extinguishers (APAR).
P3K boxes, or emergency glass breakers.
KS4
(Nastiti et al.
, 2.
KKS5
(Nursasi & Yenita, 2.
Quality of Service Safety Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Variabel Indicator Public transport fares are within my means.
Public transportation fares are unchanging and are known in advance.
The service I get is in accordance with the rate I pay.
Tariff The cost of public transportation is proportional to the comfort and safety provided.
Public transportation fares are relatively lower than other transportation fares I have a desire to use public transportation as a means of daily transportation.
I chose rural transportation over private vehicles Public Transportation Interests I am willing to recommend the use of Rural transport to my family or friends.
I plan to continue using rural transportation in my future travels.
I feel satisfied using rural transport and would like to use it again in the future.
Code Source TA1 (Hasibuan et al.
, 2.
TA2
(Siddiq et al.
, 2.
TA3
(Siddiq et al.
, 2.
TA4
(Nurhayati, 2.
TA5
(Subkhi Mahmasani, 2.
MAU1
MAU2
MAU3
MAU 4
MAU5
The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with the help of SmartPLS software version 4.
This method was chosen because it is able to handle complex models with many latent variables and indicators, and is suitable for relatively small sample PLS-SEM serves to measure the relationship between theoretical constructs and observable variables, as well as to test the validity and reliability of research instruments.
The analysis was carried out using SmartPLS software, which facilitates the testing of measurement models .
uter model.
and structural models .
nner model.
External model testing includes evaluation of internal consistency, indicator convergence, and validity discrimination, while inner model testing focuses on predictive power and causal relationships between constructs through path coefficients.
RA values, and significance tests using bootstrapping.
With this approach, it is hoped that the theoretical model built can be empirically tested and provide a strong picture of the factors that affect the public's interest in using rural transportation.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results should be clear and concise.
Discussions should explore the significance of the research results, and not be a repetition.
Always use the best quality illustrations or images.
Characteristics Of The Respondents Based on the cross-tabulation data between the characteristics of the respondents and the frequency of use of rural public transportation, the following are the results of an interpretive descriptive analysis that relates statistical data to the interest in using public transportation can be seen in table 3.
Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Table 3.
Tabulation of Characteristics of Cross-Respondent Data on the Frequency of Public Transportation Use Frequency of public Transportation Use .
Variabel Gender Education Age Work Travel Expenses Requirem ent for Using Public Transport Indikator 1Ae2 Times 3Ae4 Times Inf Once Total Man Woman Diploma (D1AeD.
Postgradua te (S2/S.
Bachelor (S.
Elementar
y School
Senior
High
School
Junior
High
School
17Ae25
Years Old
26Ae35
Years Old
36Ae45
Years Old
46Ae55
Years Old
Over 55
Years Old
Under 17
Years Old
Housewive Private Employee Student
PNS/TNI/
POLRI
Entreprene Other Less Than Rp.
More Than Rp.
Rp.
000Rp.
Work Seightseei ng or Other Going to or after school/coll Shopping Go to health care Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 First, in terms of gender, women show a higher proportion of public transportation users than As many as 58% of all female respondents were recorded to be active in using public transportation, especially in the frequency of daily and weekly use.
When viewed from the level of education, the majority of users come from people with secondary education, especially high school/vocational school graduates or equivalent.
This group not only dominates the overall number of users, but is also recorded as the most active in using public transportation every day and several times a week.
In contrast, respondents with higher levels of education, such as undergraduate and graduate graduates, showed relatively lower levels of use.
In terms of age, the young group, especially the age range of 17-25 years old, is the dominant user of rural public They most use this service regularly, both for educational purposes, informal work, and other activities.
The age group under 17 years old was also recorded to be quite active, while respondents over 35 years old showed a significant decrease in participation.
In terms of work, students and students are the group that is most dependent on public transportation, with the percentage of users reaching more than 70%.
Most of them use transportation every day, especially for travel needs to go to school or campus.
Meanwhile, formal worker groups such as civil servants, the TNI/Polri, and private employees are recorded to use this service relatively rarely.
Regarding travel expenses, the majority of respondents spend less than IDR 10,000 per trip.
This shows that cheap fares are the main factor that encourages people to choose public transportation.
On the other hand, respondents who spend higher costs above Rp21,000 tend to be less and use transportation with lower This fact reflects that rural transportation users are very sensitive to prices, and the availability of affordable fares is an important condition in maintaining the sustainability of public transportation services in rural areas.
From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that students and students are the main users of rural public transportation in Purworejo Regency.
As many as 41.
3% of respondents use transportation to and from school or college, and most of them use this service every day or 3Ae 4 times a week.
This emphasizes that public transportation plays a very important role in supporting educational activities in rural areas.
In addition, the need for travel or entertainment occupies the second position with 24.
2% of respondents.
Use in this category is generally 1Ae2 times a week, which indicates that public transportation is also used for recreational activities, although not regularly.
This is followed by the need to shop at the market as much as 18.
which also shows that this mode is still relied on to meet household needs, especially by residents who do not have private vehicles.
Meanwhile, the use of transportation for work purposes is still very low, at only 4.
5%, although some of them use it every day.
This low number may be because the transportation route has not reached the work location effectively or the schedule is not in accordance with people's working hours.
Needs such as visits to health facilities or social activities are even lower, only Overall, the data show that rural public transportation is most needed by young age groups, especially students and college students, and is used only to a limited extent for daily household needs.
To increase the number of users from workers and the general public, there needs to be improvements in terms of route coverage, adjustment of operating hours, and increased comfort and affordability of fares.
Outer model analysis External model analysis is used to ensure that the measurement instrument used in the study meets the eligibility criteria as a measurement model.
At this stage, a test is carried out on the validity and reliability of the construct to assess the extent to which the indicator is able to represent the measured variable.
There are three main types of testing in outer model analysis, namely: Convergent Validity.
Discriminant Validity, and Construct Reliability.
All of the variables mentioned in the second phase of the test statement accessibility, safety, fares.
Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 quality, and interest of public transportation have a < loading factor value of 0.
7, so they are considered valid.
as shown in Table 4.
Table 4.
Factor Loading Variabel
Instrumen
Factor Loading AK2
AK3
AK5
AK7
AK8
KS1
KS2
KS3
KS4
TA1
TA2
TA3
TA4
KP1
KP2
KP3
KP4
KP5
KP6
MAU1
MAU2
MAU3
MAU4
Accessibility Safety Tariff Quality of service Public transport Testing the validity and reliability of the model is presented in Table 1, which displays the results of the estimated Average Variance Extracted (AVE).
A variable is declared valid if the AVE value obtained is greater than 0.
Reliability testing on the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method is carried out using Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability indicators.
construct can be categorized as reliable if Cronbach's Alpha value is above 0.
70, and the Composite Reliability value also exceeds the limit of 0.
Table 5.
Average Variance Extracted (AVE).
CrombachAos alpha ().
Composite Reliability Variabel Average variance Cronbach's Composite reliability Accessibility Safety Tariff Quality of Service Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Variabel Average variance Cronbach's Composite reliability Public Transportation Interests Based on the test results, the AVE values obtained by the five variables are considered valid because each has a value greater than 0.
Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability (CR) are each constructs that indicate that all variables in the model have a good level of reliability.
The entire construct in the model has met the requirements of convergent validity and reliability, making it feasible for use in advanced analysis.
Inner Model Analysis Internal model testing can be done by testing its determination coefficient(R.
(Hair et al.
Table 6 shows the results of the R-squared calculation obtained from the structural model test.
R-squared, or coefficient of determination, is a value that indicates the extent to which an independent variable affects a dependent variable.
The R-squared value ranges from 0 to 1, and the closer it is to 1, the better (Hair et al.
, 2.
The calculation of R-squared is shown in the following table.
Table 6.
Results of R-square calculations in the Structural Inner Model test Variabel Quality of Service Interest in Using Public Transportation R-square R-square From the results of the analysis, the R-Square (RA) value in table 4.
19 above can be seen in the R square Adjusted column that the influence of accessibility, safety, and tariff contributes to the quality of service with a value of 0.
619 or 61.
9% while the remaining 38.
1% is influenced by other factors outside the research model.
Thus, the strength of the relationship between independent construct and Service Quality can be categorized in a moderate level.
The variable Interest in Public Transportation has an R-Square value of 0.
659, which means 9% of the variation in this construct can be explained by the variables in the model, while the remaining 34.
1% is influenced by other external factors.
This value shows that the model has a strong ability to explain the factors that affect the interest in using public transportation, although there are still contributions of variables outside the model that need to be considered.
The visualization of the R-Square value is shown in Figure 2: Output PLSSEM Algorithm, which illustrates the contribution of each construct to the dependent variables in this research model.
Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Figure 2.
Model SEM-PLS Hipotesis Hypothesis testing is carried out by looking at the probability value and its t-statistics.
The probability value of p-value with alpha 5% is < 0.
05 while for the t-table value of alpha 5% is 96, so the criterion for hypothesis acceptance is when t-statistics > t-table.
The hypothesis is accepted if the t-statistic is higher than the t-value of the table or it can be by comparing the p-value with the value used.
The hypothesis is acceptable if the t-statistical value of the table > t or the p-value < 0.
05 (Hair et al.
, 2.
Table 7.
Results of the calculation of Bootstrapping Path Coefficients Path Coefficients Original Sample (O) Sample Mean (M) Standard Deviation (STDEV) T Statistics (|O/STDEV|) P Values Accessibility (X.
-> Interest in Using Public Transportation(Y) Safety(X.
-> Interest in Using Public Transportation(Y) Tariff(X.
-> Interest in Using Public Transportation(Y) Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 Path Coefficients Accessibility (X.
-> Quality of Service (Z) Safety (X.
-> Quality of Service (Z) Tariff (X.
-> Quality of Service (Z) Quality of Service -> Interest in Using Public Transportation Quality of Service(Z) -> Interest in Using Public Transportation(Y) Accessibility -> Quality of Service -> Interest in Using Public Transportation Safety -> Quality of Service -> Interest in Using Public Transportation Tariff -> Quality of Service -> Interest in Using Public Transportation Original Sample (O) Sample Mean (M) Standard Deviation (STDEV) T Statistics (|O/STDEV|) P Values Based on the bootstrapping output which includes the original sample value .
ath coefficien.
T-statistic, and P-values, the test results of each hypothesis in this study can be concluded as Direct Influence of Accessibility.
Safety, and Fare Variables on (Public Transportation Interes.
H1: Accessibility has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest with a coefficient value .
118 and significant with T statistics of 2.
205 (>
and P values of 0.
014 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
H2: Safety has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest with a coefficient value of 0.
120 and significant with T statistics of 2.
244 (> 1.
and P Values of 012 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
H3: Tariffs have a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest, with a coefficient value .
147 and significant with T statistics of 3.
044 (> 1.
and P Values of 0.
000 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
Direct Influence of Accessibility Variables.
Safety.
Tariffs on (Service Qualit.
H4: Accessibility has a positive effect on Service Quality, with a coefficient value .
454 and significant with T statistics of 10,547 (> 1.
and P Values of 0.
000 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
H5: Safety has a positive effect on Service Quality, with a coefficient value of 0.
and significant with T statistics of 5.
896 (> 1.
and P Values of 0.
000 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 H6: Tariff has a positive effect on Service Quality, with a coefficient value of 0.
147 and significant with T statistics of 4.
498 (> 1.
and P Values of 0.
000 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
Direct Influence (Quality of Service on Public Transportation Interes.
H7: Service Quality has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest, with a coefficient value of 0.
250 and significant with T statistics of 3.
12 (> 1.
and P Values of 0.
001 (< 0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
Indirect Influence (Mediatio.
of Accessibility.
Safety, and Tariffs on Interest in Using Public Transportation through Service Quality H8 : Accessibility has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest through Service quality, the analysis results show that Accessibility has a significant indirect influence on Public Transportation interest through service quality, with a coefficient value of 0.
113 T statistical 4.
119 (>1.
, and P value 0.
000 (<0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
H9 : Safety has a positive effect on Public Transportation Interest through Service quality, the analysis results show that Safety has a significant indirect influence on Public Transportation Interest through Service Quality, with a coefficient value of 072 T statistical 3,354 (>1.
, and P value 0.
000 (<0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
H10 : Tariffs have a positive effect on public transportation interest through service quality The analysis results show that tariffs have a significant indirect influence on public transportation interest through service quality, with a coefficient value 037 T statistical 2.
505 (>1.
, and P value 0.
006 (<0.
(Hypothesis Accepte.
The results of this study show that accessibility, safety, and tariffs have a positive and significant effect on the quality of service, as well as directly or indirectly affect public interest in using rural public transportation in Purworejo Regency.
These findings are consistent with previous research on various public transportation services, such as TEMAN Bus Trans Mamminasata (Afifah Azmi Luthfiyyah, 2.
Damri in East Jakarta (Mawarti et al.
, 2.
and Trans Semarang (Akbar et al.
, 2.
, which emphasizes that service quality and safety are the main factors in shaping interest in using public transportation.
The similarity of these results shows that service quality plays an important role as a mediating variable between service attributes and user interests, both in urban and rural areas.
In addition, the dominance of the influence of tariffs on interest in using public transportation is in line with the findings of previous research that emphasizes the high sensitivity of the public to travel costs, especially in student groups and low-income communities.
Nevertheless, this research contributes novelty by integrating accessibility, safety, tariffs, and service quality in one comprehensive structural model using the SEM-PLS approach in the context of rural public transportation.
This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the direct and indirect relationships between variables compared to previous studies that were generally partial and focused on urban contexts.
CONCLUSION
This study concludes that accessibility, safety, tariffs, and service quality are the main determinants that directly or indirectly shape public interest in using rural public transportation in Purworejo Regency.
These findings are influenced by user characteristics, where 58% of respondents are women, 72% are students, 44% are 17Ae25 years old, and 59% are high school/vocational education, so they are very sensitive to ease of access, security, affordability of tariffs, and service quality.
All hypotheses are proven to be significant, with service quality mediating the influence of accessibility, safety, and tariffs on usage interest.
In addition, 58% of users spend less than IDR 10,000, demonstrating the importance of affordable fares.
More broadly, the results of this study Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2025 Pages 134-148 confirm that improving the accessibility network of intermodal integration, improving safety, setting tariffs according to purchasing power, and strengthening service quality are key strategies to increase public interest and the sustainability of rural transportation.
Reference