MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume 39.
No.
1, 2024
p 85 - 93
E-ISSN 2541-0407
Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment of The Healing Ritual Tradition of Anak Dalam Tribes in The Batin Sembilan Community.
Muaro Jambi District: The Efforts to Preserve Local Wisdom Helty1.
Julisah Izar2.
Liza Septa Wilyanti3.
Siti Maisaroh4 Program studi Sastra indonesia.
FKIP Universitas Jambi.
Muara Bulian No.
Km.
Mendalo Darat, kec.
Jambi Luar Kota.
Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, indonesia, 2Dosen Universitas Jambi Pos-el: helty_asafri@unja.
id , julisahizar@unja.
id, lizaseptawilyanti@unja.
This research aimed to inventory the cultural meaning of traditional ritual equipment and document the equipment used during the tradition of healing requests of Anak Dalam Tribes Batin Sembilan Muaro Jambi Regency as a form of effort to maintain local wisdom.
Meanwhile, the research method in this research used a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnographic approach.
Data collection techniques in this research used interviews and documentation, while data analysis techniques used data reduction techniques, data presentation and The results of the research show various descriptions and documentation of the cultural meaning of the equipment used during the tradition of healing requests of Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan Muaro Jambi Regency as a form of effort to maintain local wisdom.
The names of the tools used in this tradition include: Balai, sesaji.
Balai Pengadap.
Ancak Kembang.
Dupo dan orang-orangan and these are large tools that are used in general while other tools used include: Bertih.
Cace.
Balai di atas balai, cengkraman, redap, bedak kramasan, nampan sirih tambang balai, kain andam, gambar koneng dan cawan.
Keywords: Cultural meaning, healing traditions.
Anak Dalam tribe Received: October 3, 2023.
Accepted January 5, 2024.
Published January 16, 2024 https://doi.
org/10.
31091/mudra.
A 2024 The Author.
Published by Pusat Penerbitan LP2MPP Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar.
This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
39 No.
1, 2024
INTRODUCTION
requesting healing (Basal.
This Basale has several types, including Sale Besak and Sale Kecik.
Sale kecik is a tradition of healing diseases carried out on sick people or in other words, bekasai.
Meanwhile, sale besak is a tradition carried out to see what disease the patient is suffering from, or in other terms, terkas dandanan.
According to (Kurniawan, .
Apart from the types.
Basale also has 3 levels, namely: level 1 which is used to cure minor illnesses, level 2 is used for moderate illnesses and level 3 is used to cure serious illnesses.
When carrying out this tradition, many tools are found that are used, apart from equipment, during the procession, this tradition also carries out dance movements called berentak.
The using of the terms ethnological or cultural anthropology with the use of linguistics is the emergence of the term ethnolinguistics itself.
(Foley, .
states that ethnolinguistics is a scientific field that discusses language to find cultural The ethnolinguistic studies is closely related to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis which states that human language shapes or influences the human perception of environmental reality.
(Sugianto, 2.
said that the purpose of this hypothesis is that language will influence the action patterns of a society, what people think about their environment, or in other words, it can describe the identity and meaning of a society.
Meaning is one of the things that has important value in conveying meaning according to (Suhardi, 2.
The equipment used in this tradition certainly has cultural significance which is important to inventory and document, considering that this tradition is rarely practiced due to medical developments.
The cultural meaning of this tradition will later become an effort to preserve local wisdom which can be known by readers who want to know about this tradition.
We know that.
Language is a communication tool that humans use to interact with one another (Suryani, 2.
Not only that, language is also closely related to human culture, which according to (Koentjaningrat.
, .
The identity of this meaning can be studied by using various types of meaning, one of them is cultural meaning.
According to (Subroto, 2.
Cultural meaning is a meaning that specifically examines cultural components with the aim of finding out the values that are considered important in the culture itself.
There are many things that can be interpreted using this cultural meaning approach, one of which is interpreting a (Sztompka, 2.
provides an explanation of tradition, namely a whole that originates from the past in the form of objects or ideas that are maintained today and remain well preserved.
The way to preserve a tradition is to do it repeatedly and regularly, in the same way and which is considered to provide benefits for a group of But in reality, many traditions in Indonesia are starting to be rarely practiced and this has an impact on shifting traditions which are influenced by modernization.
The science that examines the relationship between language and culture is ethnolinguistic study, there are several interrelated patterns according to (Tasmuji, 2.
including: language is part of culture itself and language determines the figure of a culture itself.
According to (Walangerai, 2.
Language is also a codification of reality that can be found in society.
The codification in question is the meaning contained in the use of language in a society (Pratiknyo, 2.
Meaning has several types, including cultural meaning.
Cultural meaning is a special meaning that explains cultural components from the perspective of the culture itself, where this meaning can be One tradition that is rarely carried out nowadays, especially in Jambi province, is the tradition carried out by the Anak Dalam This tradition is called the tradition of Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
39 No.
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studied and obtained from information sources .
who have a culture.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research is research that examines the cultural meaning of traditional equipment for the Healing Request Ritual of the Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
Muaro Jambi Regency in an effort to maintain local wisdom.
The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnographic approach where observation and interview techniques are used to determine research answers.
We know that the culture that colors human life cannot appear suddenly according to (Hariadi, 2.
There are many things that can be studied from the perspective of cultural meaning, one of which is tradition.
According to (Tobing, 2.
reconstruction of a person's identity usually involves various kinds of practices, including upholding tribal traditions and rituals.
this occasion, what will be examined using cultural meaning is a ritual tradition of requesting healing from the suku anak dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan (Basal.
This tradition is becoming less common, considering the influence of the development of good health science.
However, there are still people who carry out this procession, and this tradition has several levels of healing, including .
evel 1 for mild illnesses, 2 for moderate illnesses and 3 for serious The cultural meaning that will be studied in this tradition is the cultural meaning of what equipment is used during the healing request procession.
At the observation stage, what is needed is documentation of the equipment used in the healing request tradition (Basal.
of t Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
Muaro Jambi Regency.
Meanwhile, the interview stage was used to describe and examine the cultural meaning of the tradition of praying for healing Anak Dalam tribess illnesses in Batin Sembilan.
Muaro Jambi Regency.
The two stages carried out are used to complete the expected findings which have been formulated in the research Meanwhile, for data presentation, this research will later describe all the cultural meanings of the traditional tools for healing requests for Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
Muaro Jambi Regency.
An examination of this meaning has never been done before.
Preliminary research related to the healing ritual tradition .
of the Anak Dalam tribes has been carried out only regarding its history and how the process works.
It is very important to carry out research regarding the study of the cultural meaning of traditional equipment for requests for healing of illnesses in Anak dalam tribes, so that it can be documented and inventoried of the cultural meaning of traditional equipment for requests for healing which is a tradition of the Anak dalam tribes in the Batin Sembilan area, especially in Muaro Jambi Regency.
The objectives of this research include: .
inventorying the cultural meaning of traditional ritual healing prayers .
of the Anak dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
documenting the equipment used during the tradition of healing requests for Anak dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan Jambi Province.
The data in this research are the equipment in the traditional healing procession for the tribe of children in Batin Sembilan, while the data source in this research is the cultural meaning of the equipment found in the procession for healing the Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
Muaro Jambi Regency.
From the data and data sources obtained, it is hoped that the problem formulation that has been determined can be answered, and the results of this research will aim to document and inventory the cultural meaning of the tradition of requesting healing for tribal children in Batin Sembilan.
The data collection techniques used in this research are as follows: 1.
The researcher documents the equipment used in the tradition of praying for healing from the tribe of children Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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in Batin Sembilan.
Researchers conducted interviews with informants who knew the cultural meaning of the equipment used when the tradition of requesting healing for Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan was carried out.
After all the data has been documented and interpreted culturally, the next stage will be described scientifically based on the theory of cultural meaning in Ethnolingusitic studies.
After all the data related to the traditional tools for healing requests for Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan have been collected, the data will begin to be analyzed using an approach (Emzir, 2.
states that an ethnographic approach is used to find out and organize data systematically, where the results of interviews and observations are very useful for answering research problems.
using data description patterns related to documentation and inventory of cultural meanings in the traditional tools for healing requests for Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
Drawing conclusions, in this triangulations, including data triangulation and data collection technique triangulation.
This technique is used so that the data can be authentic and valid.
(Miles, 1.
states that other steps for analyzing data are using 1.
Rewriting the interview recordings, 2.
Categorizing the data based on the recording Describe the data based on cultural Conclusion documentation and inventory of the cultural meaning of the traditional tools for healing requests Anak Dalam tribes in Batin Sembilan.
The triangulation carried out in this research was verified based on the theory of cultural meaning in ethnolinguistic studies and the relevant studies used.
The results of this research can later be used as documentation in efforts to maintain the local wisdom of the Jambi community.
As for the procedures in research that uses an ethnographic approach, the researcher uses three procedures, namely: 1.
Data reduction, namely: the researcher sorts data related to the research question.
Data
presentation: the researcher presents data
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The main parts of the equipment used in the healing prayer ritual process of the Anak Dalam tribe are as follows:
Equipment Names Uses and functions Balai The hall is shaped like a house made from tamarind sticks .
with a roof made from heated banana leaves which are then filled with offerings inside the hall.
Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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Sesaji (The offering.
The offerings are dishes made from sticky rice, coconut, brown sugar, vegetable oil, sahang and onions.
The hall is attached using bamboo nails and hung using a bali rope.
Halls have various types according to the patient's illness, such as, accommodation hall, caretaker hall, babagon hall, hall within a hall, hall above a hall, dew drifting hall, wind drifting hall, tapaku alam hall/earth nail hall, balai karang malai, balai betango malai, and balai Balai pengadap It is a hall that is commonly used because it is a hall that contains the meaning of inner and outer and is considered the home of birds.
Ancak kembang Ancak kembang is special equipment aimed at stealth.
Ancak kembang is made from bamboo and contains 33 types of flowers and lentubung leaves for the demons.
Dupo.
Equipment used to burn incense Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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Orang-orangan Which functions for stealth which is called a coneng image.
The shaman and people attending the besale will gather on a shelter mat.
Process in Implementing Healing Traditions (Besal.
, where kelumbi stems grow in swamps and have thorny stems, and have fruit shaped like zalaka which tastes sour.
This kelumbi stem leaf will be used to make the balai.
The hall is shaped like a house decorated with coconut leaves with a roof made of heated banana leaves and inside which are filled with offerings.
The contents of the offerings in the hall include sticky rice, coconut, brown sugar, vegetable oil, sahang and shallots which are made into dishes.
The hall is used to treat people who are possessed or disturbed by spirits.
The process carried out is.
First, the penampan sirih, which is an activity carried out by the patient's family to invite or ask for approval whether or not a shaman can help with besale treatment.
Then the activity of cleaning oneself from light stains is called bekasai which is continued with betepung, namely applying kramasan powder that has been given a spell on the foreheads of people who take part in besale.
Second, at the stage of carrying out the tradition, gathering activities are carried out on shelter mats called bekampung or sitting Next, the sick patient will be cremated because the body is dirty, which is called kramasan.
The shaman, inang or mother, and people who attend the besale will surround the hall which is called Bertih Based on the interview results, the cultural meaning of Bertih is rice cooked without water or oil .
until the rice husk breaks and expands.
Bertih is served in the besale tradition because rice is the main source of human food, which shows that humans need to eat.
Invisible creatures are also valued in the same way as humans need food, so bertih is served to honor the creatures invited in the besale tradition.
After the besale is carried out, the shaman and the others will return to the shelter mat where the keys on the shaman will be removed and the host will be awakened, this activity is called nyurung.
So that the patient's illness does not return, the patient will be locked in the hope that the patient will return to his usual health Cace Based on the interview results, the cultural meaning of cace is considered an important Cace is made using sahang.
Cace is considered important because if the cace is not good, then the shaman who leads the besale cannot go home.
Friends or relatives prevent the shaman from returning home.
When your friend is given food, the shaman can go home because it has been attached to the hood and then the shaman regains Cultural Meaning of Besale Traditional Equipments Balai Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of Balai is that one of the besale equipment is made from tamarind Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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Balai di atas balai Redap Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of balai di atas balai is a hall made of kelumbi stems, a roof made of heated banana leaves, and decorated with coconut leaves.
balai di atas balai contain the meaning that there are still tall ones who are This hall reminds people that they should not feel high because there are still those above us and people should not be Balai di atas balai is used for treatment when someone is jealous of each other and can then be relieved.
Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of the redap is a drum implementation of the besale tradition.
In the past, redap was made from tiger skin or deer skin, but because forests are getting thinner, now redap is made from goat skin, which is easier to get.
The goat skin used cannot be haphazard but must be beetle goat skin.
The ancestors used to use tiger skin to make damp because at that time it was a pest and there were no regulations prohibiting it.
Apart from goat skin, redap is made from merbau wood, durian leaves, klutum, and also rattan which is useful for tuning so that the sound is loud and loud.
Ancak Kembang Based on the results of interviews, the cultural meaning of ancak kembang is specifically aimed at demons, ghosts, or It is believed that this disease, which is not a common disease, but a disease of demons or ghosts, will lead to this ancak Ancak kembang is made from Ancak kembang is in the form of a circular fence containing 33 kinds of flowers.
For example, kantil flowers, kenanga flowers, tangkul flowers, in essence the flowers used cannot be flowers that have a strong odor, but must be flowers that have a fragrant and beautiful aroma.
This is because every flower has benefits so we have to be more careful.
Apart from flowers, lentubung leaves are also placed on the ancak kembang which are used for demons.
As long as the besale tradition is carried out, the redap must always be beaten without stopping.
Therefore, a redap drummer must have special abilities to be able to carry out his duties while the besale is being carried out.
According to the Anak Dalam Batin Sembilan Tribes, it is easy to abstain from being held by women because women do not know whether their position is dirty or not.
Then, knowledge was specifically reserved for men.
Apart from that, when the besale is taking place, they believe that when the redap is held by a woman, the redap will crack or even split into two, which can disrupt the implementation of the besale ritual because the term fence has been used as a form of maintaining security according to custom.
Cengkraman Based on the results of interviews, the cultural meaning of Cengkraman is made from bamboo which is smaller in size than ancak kembang.
The grip is placed by hanging using a rope.
Cengkraman contains bertih .
ice fried until it peels and expand.
, cace .
dish made from sticky rice, sahang, and flou.
, wajik, lemang, bolu, sticky rice porridge, and also ingkung.
The offerings will be eaten together after the sale is Bedak Kramasan Based on the results of interviews, the cultural meaning of Kramasan Powder / Flour is a white mark on the forehead used by people who take part in the besale ritual.
Kramasan powder is made from soaked rice which is then ground.
This mark on the forehead or kramasan powder must be used by people who help with the besale ritual because they have been given a spell or incantation by the shaman so that it doesn't get stuck.
Kramasan powder or flour is used Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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before the besale is carried out.
Kramasan powder is used when making bespoke equipment such as balustrades.
This is because when making the hall it must be If it is dirty, you will get sick.
Koneng Image Based on the interview results, the cultural meaning of Koneng images is besale equipment that has a shape that resembles a The ingredients for the koneng image are pulai wood and turmeric to produce a yellow color.
Koneng images are used by holding or hanging with a rope.
This koneng image functions for stealth.
Koneng images can also be used to identify people who often Without special abilities, the pictures can make you crazy.
Nampan Sirih Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of Nampan Sirih is a place containing betel, areca nut, lime, money, lading besarung, similar rings, and This Nampan Sirih is carried by the patient's family or their representative when visiting the house of the shaman who usually leads the Besale tradition to ask for approval as to whether or not the shaman is willing to help or lead the Besale tradition.
Nampan Sirih used to be made of wicker, but now they don't have to be woven as long as they are trays.
CONCLUSION
From the data analysis carried out, research results were obtained in the form of cultural meaning and documentation of the equipment used by the anak dalam tribe in the tradition of praying for healing of the inner children's tribe in Sembilan Muaro Jambi Regency as a form of effort to maintain local wisdom.
The names of the equipment include:Balai, sesaji.
Balai Pengadap.
Ancak Kembang.
Dupo dan orang-orangan.
Bertih.
Cace.
Balai di atas balai, cengkraman, redap, bedak kramasan, nampan sirih, tambang balai, kain andam, gambar koneng dan cawan, the equipment used in the healing tradition is interpreted culturally based on interviews conducted by researchers with people who carry out this healing tradition.
Of course, this tradition will soon become extinct considering that the use of medical treatment takes priority over traditional medicine.
Tambang Balai Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of Tambang balai is a long rope used to hang the balai.
The rope ties or ropes used in tying the halls must not be In the past, the material from the Balai mine was trap .
Now you can use ordinary rope but it must be cremated.
After the mining hall is used, it must also be cremated or consecrated.
Kain Andam / Rantai Sekilan Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of the Andam cloth or Sekilan chain is a besale equipment used by shamans as a belt.
Andam cloth serves as protection for the soul of a besale shaman.
It is hoped that the documentation carried out can be a form of inventory and documentation of this tradition, considering that it is very likely that this tradition will no longer be used by Anak Dalamtribes of Batin Sembilan due to the influence of medical treatment rather than traditional Cawan/ cup Based on the results of the interview, the cultural meaning of Cawan is an old Datuks/descendants.
The cup is used as a place for bertih, gendum, and is also used as a container for kramasan ingredients.
Helty (Cultural Meaning on Traditional Equipment A) MUDRA Jurnal Seni Budaya Volume.
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Acknowledgment Suhardi.
Kajian Semantik: Makna Konotasi pada Rubrik Opini AuJati DiriAy Harian Jawa Pos.
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusa, 5.
, 3508-3525.
The writers say thank to all the participants who supported and helped to finish this The writers also thank to LPPM Universitas Jambi that has given opportunity to the wtiters to do this research.
Thank you Suryani.
Examining The Politeness Principles in The Oral Tradition of Jawab Dilaman Malay Society in Kemingking Village.
Jambi Province .
Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya, 38.
, 141Ae152.
https://doi.
org/10.
31091/mudra.
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