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ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
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php/icmahs Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti1*.
G A Dewi Kusumayanti 2.
I Wayan Ambartana 3 .
I Wayan Juniarsana 4 1 Student of Nutrition Department.
Polytechnich of Health Denpasar 2 3 4 Nutrition Department.
Polytechnic of Health Denpasar AuCorresponding author: pramestiari123@gmail.
Article history Posted :
Reviewed :
Received :
2023-10-10
2023-10-23
2023-11-05
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin performance or both.
Every year people with diabetes have increased.
Vegetable and fruit consumption patterns are related to blood glucose levels in people with diabetes mellitus.
This study aims to describethe pattern of consumption of vegetables and fruit in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Public Health Center I West Denpasar.
Methods: This type of research is observational research with a cross-sectional design and consecutive The number of samples studied were 31 samples.
Results: From the research conducted, samples with the category of consuming less vegetables had uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 68.
Samples with a variety of vegetable consumption categories had uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 77.
The samples with the category of the frequencyof consuming vegetables is not good has uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 70.
Samples with the consumption category of less fruit have uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 70.
Samples with consumption categories of types of fruit that did not vary had uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 72%.
Samples with the category of fruit consumption frequency are not good have uncontrolled blood sugar levels of 67.
It is recommended to increase the consumption of vegetables and fruits that contain high fiber.
Keywords: Consumption Patterns.
Blood Sugar Levels.
Diabetes Mellitus
Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti, et all : Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar
INTERNASIONAL CONFERENCE ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
VOLUME 1 TAHUN 2023.
ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
poltekkes-denpasar.
id/index.
php/icmahs INTRODUCTION Non-communicable diseases (NCD.
are diseases that are not caused by microorganism infection but have relation with metabolic syndrome.
These diseases are responsible for at least 70% of deaths in the The results of Riskesdas in 2007, 2013, and 2018 showed an increasing trend in the prevalence of NCDs such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and joint disease.
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin performance or both (Perkeni, 2.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in fasting blood sugar levels of Ou 126 mg/dL or 2-hour postprandial blood sugar levels of Ou 200 mg/dL.
Based on the 2018 Riskesdas results, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus cases based on physiologist diagnosis at the age of Ou 15 years was 2.
In Bali Province, a total of 52,251 people with diabetes mellitus have received health services out of 53,726 people with diabetes mellitus (Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Bali, 2.
Complications arising from DM can include vascular disorders of both large and small blood vessels, as well as nervous system disorders or neuropathy.
Large blood vessel complications .
usually attack the heart, brain, and blood vessels, while small blood vessel complications .
can occur in the eyes and kidneys.
Diabetics also often experience complaints of neuropathy, both motor neuropathy, sensory, and autonomic neuropathy (Perkeni, 2.
Patients with Diabetes Mellitus should carry out and pay attention to management the amount of energy needed, the meal schedule that must be followed and the type of food that must be considered so that blood glucose levels are normal.
Based on the type of food that is recommended to be consumed is high fiber, which is 25 grams contained in vegetables and fruits.
Based on the World Health Organization (WHO)/FAO to prevent non-communicable recommended to consume fruits and vegetables at least 400 grams every day, consisting of 250 grams of vegetables and 150 grams of fruits (WHO, 2.
METHOD
This study was conducted at Public Health Center I West Denpasar which is located at Jalan Gunung Rinjani No.
Tegal Harum.
This research was conducted in February-April 2023.
The type of research used is observational research, where researchers observe a phenomenon that has occurred without any control from the researcher and the research subject is observed as it is.
The research design used was cross- sectional.
The sampling technique used in this study was Non Probability Sampling, ie.
the Consecutive Sampling method.
The population in this study were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Public Health Center I West Denpasar, with a total sample of 31 samples.
The types of data collected include sample identity, vegetable and fruit consumption patterns collected using the SQ-FFQ form, weight and height, and blood sugar levels during the research.
The data that has been obtained is then analyzed Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti, et all : Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar
INTERNASIONAL CONFERENCE ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
VOLUME 1 TAHUN 2023.
ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
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php/icmahs RESULTS According to the research result about the sample characteristics based on gender were mostly female with 17 samples .
84%).
Based on the age of the sample, the highest proportion of samples aged 50-65 years was 26 samples .
87%).
The education level of the sample, it is known that the highest level of education is elementary school with 11 samples .
48%).
In terms of sample occupation, the largest number of samples were unemployment, ie.
18 samples .
,06%).
There were 16 samples .
61%) from 31 samples,had overweight or obesity category.
The distribution of sample characteristics can be seen in Table 1 below.
Table 1.
Distribution of Sample Characteristics Characteristics Gender
Male
Female Age
Total
45,16
54,84
100,00
Total
16,13
83,87
100,00
12,90
35,48
6,45
29,03
16,13
100,00
32,26
9,68
58,06
100,00
3,23
45,16
51,61
100,00
30-49 years old
50-65 years old
Education level Not attending school
Elementar School
Junior High School
High School
College Total
Occupation Civil servant
Private Employees Retired Civil Servant
Unemployment Total
Nutritional Status
Less Normal
Excess
Total
Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti, et all : Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar
INTERNASIONAL CONFERENCE ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
VOLUME 1 TAHUN 2023.
ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
poltekkes-denpasar.
id/index.
php/icmahs Consumption patterns are various types of information that provide an overview of the composition consisting of the average type and amount of food consumed per person per day, which is usually consumed by the general public within a certain period of time.
Based on the results of the study, data on the distribution of blood sugar levels and vegetable consumption based on the amount are presented in Table 2.
Table 2.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Levels Based on the Amount of Total Vegetable Consumption Blood Sugar Level Total Uncontrolled Total Vegetable Controlled Consumption Sufficient ( Ou 250 gra.
44,44 55,56 Less (< 250 gra.
31,82 68,18 Total Based on data from table 2 above, it can be seen that 22 samples whose amount of vegetable consumption was less, there were 15 samples .
18%) who had uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
Based on the results of the study, the distribution of blood sugar levels and vegetable consumption are presented in Table Table 3.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Based on Vegetables Consumption Blood Sugar Level Total Type of Vegetables Controlled Uncontrolled Consumed Diverse (Ou 5 type.
55,85 46,15 Not diverse (<5 type.
22,22 77,78 Total Based on the data above, it can be seen that of the 18 samples whose vegetable consumption was not diverse, 14 samples .
78%) had uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
On the hand, distribution of blood sugar levels and vegetable consumption based on frequency are presented in Table 4.
Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti, et all : Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar
INTERNASIONAL CONFERENCE ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
VOLUME 1 TAHUN 2023.
ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
poltekkes-denpasar.
id/index.
php/icmahs Table 4.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Level Based on Vegetable Consumption Frequency Kadar Gula Darah Total Frequency of Vegetable Uncontrolled Controlled Consumption Good (Ou 3 times/da.
42,86 57,14 Not good ( O 2 times/da.
29,41 70,59 Total sugar levels.
The distribution of blood sugar levels and fruit consumption based on quantity are presented in Table 5.
Based on this data, it can be seen that 17 samples whose had frequency of vegetable consumption was not good and there were 12 samples .
59%) who had uncontrolled blood Table 5.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Levels Based on the Amount of Total Fruit Consumption Blood Sugar Level Total Total Fruit Consumption Controlled Uncontrolled Sufficient ( Ou 150 gra.
57,14 42,86 Less (< 150 gra.
29,17 70,83 Total blood sugar levels.
The distribution of blood sugar levels and fruit consumption are presented in Table 6.
Based on the data, it can be seen that of the 24 samples whose fruit consumption was less, 17 samples .
83%) had uncontrolled Table 6.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Level Based on Types of Fruit Consumption Blood Sugar Level Total Uncontrolled Types of Fruit Consumed Controlled Diverse (Ou 5 type.
66,67 33,33 Not diverse (<5 type.
28,00 Total
Ni Kadek Ari Pramesti, et all : Description of Vegetables and Fruits Consumption Patterns and Blood Sugar Level In Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Public Health Center I West Denpasar
INTERNASIONAL CONFERENCE ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
VOLUME 1 TAHUN 2023.
ISSN 3032-4408 (Onlin.
https://ejournal.
poltekkes-denpasar.
id/index.
php/icmahs Based on the data obtained, it can be seen that of the 25 samples whose types of fruit consumption are notdiverse, 18 samples .
%) have uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
The data of blood sugar levels and fruit consumption based on frequency are presented in Table 7.
Table 7.
Distribution of Blood Sugar Level Based on Frequency of Fruit Consumption Blood Sugar Level Total Frequency of Fruit Controlled Uncontrolled Consumption Good (Ou 3 times/da.
66,67 33,33 Not good ( O 2 times/da.
32,14 67,86 Total Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that of the 28 samples whose frequency of fruit consumption was not good, there were 19 samples .
86%) had uncontrolled blood sugar levels.
DISCUSSION