JOURNAL MIDWIFERY (JM)
Jurnal Jurusan Kebidanan.
Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo P-ISSN .
E-ISSN .
8-523X)
http://jurnal.
id/index.
php/JM/index DOI: http://dx.
org/10.
52365/jm.
Ginger.
Honey.
And Lemon Aromateraphy As A Complimentary Teraphy For First Trimester Morning Sickness Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2 Midwifery Department of Health Polytechnic of Surakarta.
Indonesia.
Email: lutfiana85.
poltekkes@gmail.
com, rahmi.
nurrasyidah@gmail.
ABSTRACT
Morning sickness affects 70-85% of pregnant women during the first trimester.
Lemon aromatherapy, combined with gingerAos anti-inflammatory properties and the chemoreceptor-inhibiting effects of honey and pyridoxine, may help reduce nausea by modulating serotonin, dopamine, and histamine activity in the vomiting center.
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy as a complementary therapy for alleviating morning sickness symptoms.
This pre-experimental study involved 60 pregnant women experiencing morning sickness, selected through incidental sampling.
Data collection, conducted from May to August 2024, utilized the PUQE-24 Univariate analysis was used for frequency distributions, while bivariate analysis employed a paired t-test to assess pre- and post-intervention differences.
An independent two-sample t-test determined differences between groups.
Lemon aromatherapy, ginger, and honey significantly reduced nausea before and after the intervention .
The use of ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy resulted in a significant difference in mean PUQE scores .
Aromatherapy with ginger, honey, and lemon is useful in lowering the Intense vomiting in pregnant women throughout the first trimester.
Keywords: Aromateraphy.
Ginger.
Honey.
Lemon.
Morning Sickness A2025Lutfiana Puspita Sari.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah Under the licence CC BY-SA 4.
*Lutfiana Puspita Sari.
Midwifery Department of Health Polytechnic of Surakarta, lutfiana85.
poltekkes@gmail.
Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
INTRODUCTION
During the first trimester of pregnancy, and the mother.
Consulting a healthcare many women have morning sickness, which causes morning sickness.
Hormonal expectant mother and the baby.
If left changes, particularly elevated levels of untreated, severe morning sickness can hCG and estrogen, are thought to be the lead to the woman becoming dehydrated.
It is unclear why some women losing weight, and even starving.
This may experience more severe symptoms than have an impact on the baby's development Morning sickness severity during in the womb.
It is Pregnant women having the first trimester of pregnancy may vary these symptoms should contact with their depending on a woman's overall health, healthcare providers.
The provider will diet, and stress levels (Fauziah et al.
explain treatment alternatives and promote a healthy pregnancy.
By managing nausea, professional is essential for ensuring the well-being In certain instances, severe morning when vomiting properly, both the mother sickness can progress into a condition and baby have a better likelihood of a called hyperemesis gravidarum, marked by positive outcome (Puspita et al.
, 2.
Medical professionals are currently weight loss.
This dangerous disorder may using pharmacological therapy to reduce require medical intervention to treat morning sickness in pregnant women symptoms and protect both mother and during the first trimester.
Commonly used pharmacological therapies include the use Pregnant experiencing recurrent morning sickness should visit their healthcare professional.
metoclopramide or vitamin B6.
However.
According 70-85% anti-nausea pregnant women feel nauseated and vomit.
sickness, not all pregnant women can 2% reported mild vomiting sickness, consume it, especially when they are 3% had moderate vomiting, and In addition, lifestyle changes 5% had severe vomiting.
this occurred at such as eating small but frequent portions, the age of pregnancy 4-9 mg.
The peak of avoiding foods that trigger nausea, and the pregnant age was 12 mg, and only 20% adequate rest can also help reduce (Fauziah et al.
, 2.
(Wong et al.
, 2.
Untreated With proper care, pregnant mothers can reduce the risk of dehydration pregnancy can be harmful to both the fetus and malnutrition, as well as ensure that the Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
growth and development of the fetus characteristic aroma.
The non-volatile oil remain optimal during pregnancy.
It is content is known as oleoresin, and it is important for healthcare providers to responsible for the bitter and spicy flavor.
Ginger has a high oleoresin content, which experiencing severe vomiting and nausea makes it quite spicy.
This oleoresin is to provide appropriate treatment and effective as an antiemetic, therefore ginger prevent complications.
In some cases, aromatherapy is believed to provide hospitalization may be necessary to ensure comfort in the stomach to overcome hydration and nutrition are maintained.
morning sickness.
is also essential for pregnant women to Lemon aromatherapy helps reduce communicate openly with their healthcare nausea, increase energy, and providers about any concerns or changes exhaustion during pregnancy.
Lemons in symptoms to ensure the best possible contain limonene, citral, linalyl, linalool, outcome for both mother and baby.
and terpineol.
The substance of lemon can taking a comprehensive approach to balance the central nervous system and pregnancy, healthcare providers can help Increases pregnant women navigate this challenging circulation, and serves as a sedative time with minimal discomfort and risk (Agarwal et al.
, 2.
When important, (Patimah, 2.
When oils are breathed, volatile molecules According to the research findings, bring the oil's aromatic components to the numerous non-pharmacological methods Of the nose.
The hair cells that can be utilized to manage morning serve as receptors will send electrical sickness in pregnant women, including information to the central nervous system.
massage, acupressure, ginger eating, and This information activates the emotional Ginger rhizomes contain and memory centers, sending feedback chemical compounds such as volatile oil, throughout the body are transformed into a nonvo-latile oil, and starch.
Ginger's distinctiveness is attributed to its essential oil .
vaporating oi.
Ginger's essential oil feelings of satisfaction, relaxation, and content ranges between 2.
58 and 2.
calm (Safajou et al.
, 2.
Based on the estimated based on dry weight.
Essential research results by Sari & Nurrasyidah yellowish, slightly viscous .
, lemon aromatherapy is effective in reducing morning sickness in pregnant Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
women during the 1st trimester, with a p- during the first trimester.
This context value of 0.
indicates a need for research on "the effect This study varies from past studies in ginger-honey that the researcher incorporates alternative therapy and lemon aromatherapy to reduce therapies such as ginger and lemon morning sickness in pregnant women previously been investigated for their Manisrenggo Health Center.
Klaten.
efficacy in alleviating morning sickness during pregnancy.
Previous research only looked at the effectiveness of each medication individually.
The mean values differ before and after therapy, although the drop is not substantial.
The researchers took the initiative to combine ginger honey and lemon aromatherapy as a successful treatment for morning sickness in pregnant The purpose of this study is to compare the intensity of morning sickness between a group receiving ginger honey and lemon aromatherapy and the control group that Manisrenggo Health Center in Klaten.
preliminary study conducted at this health The Dr.
Moewardi Regional Hospital's health research ethics committee reviewed this study (No.
1,649/VII/HREC/2.
on July 4, 2024, at Manisrenggo Health Center.
And before we begin collecting data for the research.
All respondents received an explanation for informed consent, including those who agreed and women in their first trimester.
METHOD
experiencing morning sickness in their first trimester found that six .
%) of them were treated only with medication therapy, while four .
%) were unable to consume medication due to morning sickness.
Thus, ginger-honey treatment combined with lemon aromatherapy can be utilized as an alternative complementary therapy to help pregnant women reduce morning sickness those who did not agree to take part in the This is a pre-experimental study that employed a pretest-posttest group design.
The study started by analyzing the frequency of morning sickness in pregnant Participants underwent days of aromatherapy using honey and lemon, after which measurements or posttests were conducted.
The study involved 60 pregnant women at the Manisrenggo Health Center in Klaten who reported experiencing morning sickness at least four times a day.
The focus was on incidental sampling technique.
The study Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
took place from May to August 2024, and honey: 1 gram of crushed ginger and 15 ml participants were eager to participate, .
of honey, mixed with 200 resulting in a total of 60 pregnant women ml of warm water, to be taken twice daily.
divided into two intervention groups.
For lemon aromatherapy, participants were A tool for measuring morning sickness instructed to use four drops of diluted in pregnant women is the PUQE-24 lemon essential oil, apply it to a tissue, and (Pregnancy-Unique inhale deeply 2-3 times for 5 minutes.
Quantification Emesi.
The PUQE grading system effectively assesses the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) over a minimum of four consecutive days, with 24-hour period.
The PUQE score is an evaluation on the fourth day.
The determined based on three factors: the number of hours feeling nauseous, the intervention, and their morning sickness number of vomiting episodes, and the levels were measured directly using the frequency of dry heaving episodes in the PUQE instrument.
This past 24 hours.
The PUQE-24 index To minimize bias and ensure consistent includes three items evaluated on a 5-point treatment, participants were provided with Likert scale.
Scores range from 1 to 5, a specific dosage of ginger and honey: 1 with 4-6 indicating mild NVP, 7-12 gram of crushed ginger and 15 ml .
indicating moderate NVP, and 13-15 tablespoo.
of honey, mixed with 200 ml suggesting severe NVP.
of warm water, to be consumed twice The data collection strategy for this research involved conducting a pre-test intervention, participants applied four using the PUQE-24 to assess pregnant drops of diluted lemon essential oil to a women experiencing morning sickness.
tissue and inhaled deeply 2-3 times for 5 Respondents were then assigned to the minutes, repeating the process four times group receiving the combined intervention This was carried out for at least four of aromatherapy with ginger, honey, and consecutive days, with an evaluation on lemon through a random lottery method.
The intervention was implemented based meanwhile, received no intervention, and on the collected results to minimize bias their morning sickness levels were directly and ensure that all participants received assessed using the PUQE instrument.
consistent treatment.
Each participant was During data analysis, a normality test was given the appropriate dosage of ginger and conducted by comparing the skewness fourth day.
The control group.
Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
value to the standard error.
A skewness result less than 2 indicated that the data followed a normal distribution.
To assess the effects of the intervention, a Paired Ttest was used alongside ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy, as the data was typically distributed after the therapy.
Additionally, to compare the intervention and control groups, an independent twosample T-test was utilized since the data also followed a normal distribution.
Table 2.
Results of Normality Test for Pre and Post Intervention Data of Ginger Honey and Lemon Aromatherapy Combination Skewness Statistik Std.
Eror Pre- test Post-test Valid N Source: (Primary Data, 2.
The data distribution is normal, as indicated by a skewness value of O 2 compared to the standard error of the PUQE .
orning sickness intensit.
before and after the intervention of ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy.
As a result, the Paired T-Test was used in the statistical RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Result The findings of the univariate analysis of the study subjects revealed 60 research topics based on features, frequency, and Table 1.
Characteristics of respondents Background Characteristic Respondent Age Education Level Working status Parity Criteria 20-35 years old > 35 years old Elementary-Midlle school High School-College Working Not Working Primi Multi Grande Combination of ginger honey and lemon Control Source: (Primary Data, 2.
Table 1 shows that the two groups have no differences in terms of age, education, occupation, or parity.
This demonstrates that the features of respondents in both groups are evenly distributed and do not create bias into the research outcomes.
Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
Table 3.
Results of the Paired T-Test on the Difference in Morning sickness (PUQE-24 Scor.
Before and After the Combination Intervention of Ginger Honey and Lemon Aromatherapy Variabel N Mean iMean SD Median Pre-Test Morning PostTest Morning Mean Post-Test Control iMean Median who received the combined treatment of change in the level of morning sickness in pregnant women before and after the combination intervention of ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy .
= 0.
The mean degree of morning sickness prior to the intervention was 11.
oderate morning sickness approaching sever.
, but intervention with a combination of ginger, honey, and lemon aromatherapy.
The level of morning sickness has dropped by 7.
Table 4.
The results of the normality test for the posttest data of the Ginger Honey and Lemon Aromatherapy Combination Group and the Control Group Post- test Post-test Kontrol Valid N Source: (Primary Data, 2.
Skewness Statistik Std.
Eror Table 4 shows that the data is normally ginger-honey and lemon aromatherapy experienced a significant reduction in morning sickness compared to those without any intervention .
= 0.
The intervention group reported an average .
, whereas the control group, with no treatment, had a mean score of 67 .
evere morning sicknes.
The difference in average intensity between the two groups was 4.
Based on the result, the study found a substantial difference in morning sickness combination of ginger, honey, and lemon These results are similar to prior studies on lemon aromatherapy, nausea, and vomiting.
The findings of this Table 5 shows that pregnant women Table 3 shows that there is a significant Variabel Source: (Primary Data, 2.
Source: (Primary Data, 2.
Table 5.
The results of the Independent T-Test for the difference in morning sickness (PUQE-24 score.
after the intervention of a combination of ginger honey and lemon aromatherapy compared to the control group distributed, with a skewness value O 2 (Setiyaningsih & IsroAoaini, 2.
that when compared to the standard error.
administration of ginger honey drink is Therefore, the independent 2-sample T-test Reduces morning sickness in was utilized.
pregnant women.
The combination of ginger and honey gives benefits for Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
lowering the severity of morning sickness.
Based on the description.
The honey (Pyridoxin.
, which helps pregnant women contains pyridoxine (B.
, which is useful feel less sick.
Honey contains 0.
024 mg for Preventing morning sickness.
Ginger .
%) of pyridoxine.
Honey also contains includes essential oils that are anti- antioxidants, such as chrysin, pinobanksin.
Agents, making it beneficial vitamin C, catalase, and pinocembrin in naturally reducing morning sickness (Bonsignore et al.
, 2.
without the usage of Chemicals are also Lemon aromatherapy contains nerol The combination of Ginger and Honey antispasmodic properties, increase sexual desire, and function as a moderate Pregnant Inhaling aromatic chemicals throughout their first trimester.
Honey and ginger can help reduce activating receptor cells in the nose and sending signals straight to the brain's Several research findings indicate that olfactory region, which is tightly linked to ginger is also useful in treating morning other systems that regulate memory, sickness in pregnant women throughout emotions, hormones, sex, and heart rate.
Soon, the impulse causes the release of multiparous mothers (Widowati et al.
soothing hormones, which creates a 2.
(Sari & Anri, 2.
Ginger includes sensation of peace and influences bodily essential oils such as gingerol, and honey and mental changes, reducing morning Lemon aromatherapy contains a function as chemoreceptors, inhibiting neurokinin, which are prevents prostaglandin activity, reducing pain, especially morning sickness (Kresna triggering the vomiting center.
Ginger has Wati et al.
, 2.
no negative effects during pregnancy.
Lemon aromatherapy offers various while honey, which is rich in nutrients and benefits for its users, including creating a enzymes, provides the nutritional demands of expecting moms (Puspita et al.
, 2.
feeling, and it can also help reduce nausea Honey, like ginger, can help lessen in pregnant women.
Each type of essential Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, respondents to have a strong commitment and patience when using these natural properties, and can enhance adrenal plants, as the effects may not When inhaling essential oils, the immediately noticeable.
achieving results molecules enter the nose and interact with requires time and the correct application receptors on the cilia that are connected to This research also aligns with the the olfactory bulb at the end of the nasal results of the study (Sari et al.
, 2.
passage (Koyama & Heinbockel, 2.
which indicate that the combination of The tip of this olfactory channel is directly lemon aromatherapy and ginger drink connected to the brain.
The scent is converted by the cilia into electrical reduction of morning sickness.
This signals, which travel to the brain via the olfactory system.
These signals are then participants' adherence to the researcherAos transmitted to the limbic system, a part of guidelines, which included inhaling lemon aromatherapy at the onset of nausea using memory, and learning processes.
All three drops for five minutes and regularly scents that reach the limbic system consuming a ginger tea infusion made chemically affect our feelings.
When the from 25 grams of ginger per 250 ml of impulses from aromatherapy reach the water (Sulistyowati & Wulandari, 2.
limbic system, they play a role in When the aromatherapy impulses reach the inhibiting serotonin .
hich causes nause.
, limbic system, they inhibit serotonin, so symptoms of morning sickness can be which triggers the sensation of nausea, reduced because lemon has the ability to block serotonin (Safajou et al.
, 2.
Both lemon and ginger have Aromatherapy properties that effectively block serotonin, morning sickness by stimulating the which is responsible for morning sickness release of neurotransmitters, such as (Prastika & Pitriani, 2.
encephalin and endorphins, which provide Research conducted by (Tamar et al.
analgesic effects and promote feelings of 2.
This combines both interventions provided, namely lemon aromatherapy This demonstrates that inhaling honey, ginger.
The and lemon aromatherapy can decrease the researchers provided lemon and ginger frequency of morning sickness in pregnant aromatherapy to the respondents.
They However, it is essential for then taught the respondents about inhaling Lutfiana Puspita Sari1.
Rahmi Nurrasyidah2/ Journal Midwifery Vol.
No.
1, 2025 .
aromatherapy and drinking ginger extract.
CONCLUSION
According The aromatherapy combination helps to reduce physiologically reduce morning sickness.
morning sickness in pregnant women, as Lemon and ginger aromatherapy contains demonstrated by differences in bivariate herbal oils that are considered a safe non- testing before and after administration .
pharmacological remedy during pregnancy The scores in the experiment group to alleviate or reduce the morning sickness are significantly different from those in the that physiologically occur in the first control group .
The mean value of trimester (Fibriansari & Hayati, 2.
nausea severity has significantly decreased A study of lemon aromatherapy was used as compared to the group that received no The advice is to employ a treatment, as well as lemon aromatherapy, in pregnant women (Magfirah et al.
, 2.
experiencing morning sickness during the Several first trimester.
This study provides a platform for further investigations.
The methodologies and a larger sample size to alleviating these symptoms.
This study morning sickness in pregnant women, with aromatherapy effectively alleviated nausea non-pharmacological demonstrating that the combination of increase research evidence.
highlights the advantages of using ginger, as it is widely available and affordable.
However, many people remain unaware of ginger's effectiveness in reducing morning sickness in pregnant women, with minimal Additionally, inhibiting serotonin, which contributes to nausea, thereby helping to lessen the symptoms of morning sickness.
BIBLIOGRAPHY