LITERA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol.
No.
July 2025, pp.
E-ISSN: 2548-7639
Ae Ecranisation of Setting in Always and Forever.
Lara Jean Novel into the Movie I Kadek Agus Ari Wibawa1.
I Gusti Agung Istri Aryani2.
I Komang Sumaryana Putra3 1,2,3 English Department.
Faculty of Humanities.
Udayana University.
Indonesia.
ariagus626@gmail.
Article Info
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
This study aimed to explain the changes in setting that occur in the ecranisation process of AoAlways and ForeverAo.
Lara Jean novel into AoTo All the Boys: Always and Forever movieAo.
Moreover, this study was conducted by using a qualitative Document analysis and note-taking techniques were used in collecting data and then applied the ecranisation theory proposed by Eneste .
to analyze the data.
The study results showed that the setting has undergone 37 reductions, eight additions, and seven variations.
The changes that occurred during the adaptation are most likely because of the technical and time limitations of the movie production, the insignificance of the particular parts of the novel, and the importance of the particular part to be displayed in the movie.
Corresponding Author:
I Kadek Agus Ari Wibawa Affiliation.
Udayana University ariagus626@gmail.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license.
INTRODUCTION
Prose, drama, and poetry are examples of literary works, and each has unique traits that set it apart from the others.
Prose is a written composition that expresses human thinking but lacks the rhyme and meter of poetry.
A prose narrative can be anything from a story about an animal's life to teach children moral values to a story about humans battling alien invaders from space.
Furthermore, prose fiction includes short tales, folklore, parables, fables, and novels.
Nowadays, the types of fictional prose that people read the most is novel.
A novel, according to Eagleton .
, is a fictional prose literary work that may be regarded a melting pot since it blends numerous literary styles and blends bits and pieces of those other literary forms.
This is because a single novel might include poetry, theatrical dialogue, and other literary genres.
Furthermore, the novelAos tale might be about a single person's life, a reconstruction of global history, or a more abstract journey of vegetables.
Aside from novel, there is another creation that is similar to them, which is movie.
According to Manovich as cited in Suwarto, et al.
, a movie or film is a kind of linear narrative that aims to mimic or recreate a cinematic depiction of the human's real-world situation.
Moreover, novels and movies are similar because they share the same narrative basis and primary goal, which is Because of the similarities between a novel and a film, the process of converting a novel into a movie is becoming more popular among filmmakers these days.
The director will produce film adaptation based on famous novels because most of people already familiar with that Furthermore, when a novel is made into a film, people will be interested in watching the film, especially if they have previously read the novel.
it is because the readers tend to check or compare Journal homepage: https://jurnal.
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what they have in mind about the novel to what the filmmaker serves in the form of a film (Ardianto, 2014:2.
According to Eneste .
, the process of transforming or adapting a novel into a film is known as ecranisation.
The term ecranisation is derived from the French word Auecran,Ay which means screen in English.
Moreover, ecranisation refers to transforming a text into a film that normally seen on a cinema screen.
It includes transferring a novelAos written form into a moving picture that people can watch, converting the unlimited amounts of time required to finish one novel into a limited amount of time to watch a movie, and transforming one personAos labor into a huge group production.
Furthermore, three adjustments may occur throughout the ecranisation process, namely reduction, addition, and variation.
Ecranisation is an intriguing topic to investigate because it is a widespread occurrence in everyday life.
It is supported by the presence of earlier studies on ecranisation.
Firstly, a previous study entitled Ecranisation of Laskar Pelangi Novel and Its Function as Educative Media (Study of Literature Receptio.
conducted by Nugrahani et al.
Second.
Ecranization from Novel to Movie Friends but Married by Ayudia Bing Slamet and Dittopercussion conducted by Chamalah and Arsani .
Third.
Comparison Between Novel and FilmAo DivergentAo (Ecranisation Theor.
by BA .
Fourth.
The Analysis of Plot Story between Sir Arthur Conan DoyleAos Novel AuSherlock Holmes: Study in ScarletAy and Mark Gatiss and Steven MoffatAos Film AuSherlock: Study in PinkAy by Chasbullah .
However, this study is interesting to be conducted because inevitable modifications occur when converting a novel into a film.
People who watch the film adaptation may be disappointed, especially if they already have their own vision of the novel in their heads.
Based on the description above, this study analysed the changes in setting that occur during the process of transforming the novel entitled AoAlways and Forever Lara JeanAo into the film adaptation entitled AoTo All the Boys:
Always and ForeverAo by applying EnesteAos ecranisation theory .
METHODS
This study applied the qualitative method.
According to Creswell and Creswell .
, the qualitative method was applied in this study since the data was acquired from novels and movies.
The data sources of this study were Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel and the movie adaptation.
To All the Boys: Always and Forever.
Moreover, the novel and filmAos words, sentences, dialogues, and explanations essential to the plot and setting served as data of this study.
The Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel is the closure of the To All the Boys IAove Loved Before trilogy by Jenny Han.
The novel, which has 41 chapters and 336 pages, was published on May 2nd, 2017.
In addition, because the novel has become an enormous hit, the book was adapted into a film named To All the Boys: Always and Forever, released on Netflix, an online movie streaming platform, on February 12th, 2021.
Michael Fimognari directed this film, which runs for 115 minutes.
Since the data source of this study is the novel Always and Forever.
Lara Jean and the film To All the Boys: Always and Forever, the data collecting method used in were document analysis and note-taking technique.
To obtain data from the novel, several processes were conducted.
In the beginning, the Always and Forever.
Lara Jean book was thoroughly read to understand the storyAos elements, notably the setting.
Second, data in form of phrases, sentences, discussions, and explanations that described the storyAos setting were annotated.
Finally, the data that showed the novelAos setting was categorized and allocated numbers.
Similarly, to collect data from the film, the first step was to attentively watch To All the Boys: Always and Forever movie to understand the storyAos substance, notably the setting.
Second, to support data collection, the movie transcription was downloaded.
Finally, data in the form of phrases, sentences, conversations, and explanations that reflect the setting of the story were noted.
Finally, the data was classified and allocated a number.
After collecting the data, the following step was to analyse it using the qualitative approach.
The ecranisation theory by Eneste .
was applied to compare the changes in setting that occur throughout the transformation of a novel into a film.
Furthermore, the conclusion was presented after LITERA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra.
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LITERA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
E-ISSN: 2548-7639
Ae the data had been thoroughly examined.
For presenting the analysis, the informal method is used.
According to Sudaryanto, as cited in Yulia .
, the informal method is used to present the results of the analysis by using words and sentences to explain and make the reader understand the results RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Ecranisation is the process of adapting novel that is originally in form of words into the movie that uses audio-visual media (Eneste, 1991: .
The transformation of a novel causes several inevitable changes, namely reduction, addition, and variation.
As the result of this study, 37 reductions, 8 additions, and 7 variations occurred during the ecranisation process of the setting of Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel into To All the Boys: Always and Forever movie.
Reduction Reduction is the procedure through which the director and screenwriter trim several parts of the novel that they believe are unnecessary to include in the film adaptation (Eneste, 1991:.
On the ecranisation of Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel into To All the Boys: Always and Forever movie, there are 37 settings of the novel that underwent a reduction process during the ecranisation.
One of the novelAos settings that the director and screenwriter reduced can be seen in the following Data 1 AuItAos Friday night at Gabe RiveraAos house after the lacrosse game.
Our school won, so everyone is in very fine spirits.
Peter most of all, because he scored the winning shot.
HeAos across the room playing poker with some of the guys from his team.
he is sitting with his chair tipped back, his back against the wall.
Ay (Han, 2017:.
It can be seen from the data above that the novel starts with Lara Jean and her schoolmates having a celebration party at Gabe Rivera's house.
In the movie version, no scene shows a party in Gabe RiveraAos house.
The director omitted this novel's setting because it was not that necessary to the plot and also to maintain the movie's duration not becoming too long.
Another example of the reduction can be seen as follow.
Data 2 AuThe next morning.
I put on the poppy-colored lipstick Stormy likes me in, gather up my Easter eggs in a white wicker basket, and drive over to Belleview.
I stop at the reception desk to drop off the eggs and chat with Shanice for a bit.
Ay (Han, 2017:.
The other setting that has been reduced during the adaptation process is the place called Belleview.
Belleview is a senior residence where Lara Jean was a volunteer there.
The novel showed that Lara Jean visited Belleview to drop off a basket full of easter eggs.
However.
Belleview only existed in the novel, and the director decided to exclude it from the movie.
It was because Belleview was not an essential place that affected the plot.
Also, the reduction must be conducted to maintain the movieAos duration still around 90 to 120 minutes long.
Addition According to Eneste .
, addition refers to adding or inserting several elements that initially did not exist in the novel when it is transformed into a film.
The addition is usually because the director thinks those parts are essential for the movie.
In the ecranisation of Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel into To All the Boys: Always and Forever movie, there are eight settings of the book that underwent an addition process during the ecranisation.
One of the novelAos settings that the director and screenwriter added can be seen in the following excerpt.
Ecranisation of Setting in Always and Forever.
Lara Jean Novel into the Movie (I Kadek Agus Ari Wibaw.
E-ISSN: 2548-7639
Data 3 Peter: Agent Covey.
Lara Jean: WhatAos happening? Peter: DonAot look at me.
Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to meet me back here in the lobby at 2100 hours.
WeAore going out.
:33:.
The data above show that there was a time when Lara Jean and her school companions arrived at the hotel lobby in New York after a long journey from Virginia.
While waiting for their room key.
Peter approached Lara Jean and asked her to accompany him later that night.
That action in the hotel lobby only existed in the film because the director thought that particular setting was crucial to the film's overall plot.
Another example of the addition can be seen as follow.
Data 4 Lara Jean: AuHello from Seoul.
By the time you get this.
IAoll probably already be home.
But I couldnAot leave without writing you.
You always tease me for being such a homebody.
AAy .
:00:45-00:08:.
The next setting that the director added during the ecranisation process was Seoul.
It was told that in the movie.
Lara Jean and her family went to Korea during spring break.
Comparing to the novel, there is only a part where Lara JeanAos father gifted her a trip to Korea for her graduation.
However, the novel did not have the part where Lara Jean went to Korea, which meant that the part in Korea only existed in the movie adaptation.
Variation According to Eneste .
, the director can also add some variations to the movie besides applying reduction and addition.
The part or element that are undergone a variation process means that part exists in both the novel and the film but with some modification added during the adaptation There are seven variations that occur in the ecranisation process of setting from Always and Forever.
Lara Jean novel into To All the Boys: Always and Forever movie, which one of them will be discussed as follow.
Data 5 AuIAom sitting in French class, my last class of the day, when someone shrieks.
AuUVA just tweeted! Decisions are out!Ay (Han, 2017:.
Data 6 Lara Jean: Okay, you got this.
No matter what happens, itAos gonna be fine.
ItAos already fine.
You know, everything is completely and totallyAruined.
:18:.
Both data above showed the part when Lara Jean received the news that she did not make it into the university she wanted to go to the most.
In the novel, it was told that Lara Jean got that bad news LITERA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra.
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Ae while in the classroom.
In the meantime, the movie adaptation portrayed the part when Lara Jean got an email that showed she did not make it into Stanford University has occurred at Lara JeanAos That variation between the novel and the movie could happen because the director has to simplify the film since not all parts of the novel could be included in the movie.
Moreover, there is another example of the variation that occur in the ecranisation process, which can be seen in the following example.
Data 7 AuWhen we get to the Empire State Building.
I make Peter take a selfie with me at the elevators.
At the top.
I feel lightheaded, weAore so high up.
Ms.
Davenport tells me to sit with my head between my knees for a minute, which helps.
When the nausea passes.
I get up and go looking for Peter, who has disappeared during my time of need.
Ay (Han, 2017:.
Data 8 Peter: So.
I couldnAot think of a better place to ask you this question that I want to ask you.
If you havenAot figured it out already.
Lara Jean Song Covey, will you go to prom with me? Lara Jean: Yes, of course.
The following setting that has undergone a variation process is the place where Peter asked Lara Jean to go to prom with him.
It can be seen from the data above that in the novel.
Peter asked Lara Jean to go to prom when they were at the Empire State Building.
In the meantime, the movie portrayed that action occurred at the diner where they both commonly visited.
The director must modify that setting since the movie has technical and time limitations.
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis, there are 37 settings of the novel were reduced during the transformation of the novel into the movie.
Moreover, the director and the screenwriter decided to add eight settings that initially did not exist in the novel into the movie adaptation.
The director also altered seven novelAos settings when the novel was adapted into the movie.
The reduction of the settings might occur due to the limitations during the movie production.
The addition commonly happens because the director and the scriptwriter think that part is vital to be included in the movie.
Furthermore, the variation is applied because a movie is like a paraphrased version of the novel, which means the director might change several parts of the novel when it is transformed into a film.
REFERENCES