Journal Of Health Science Vol IX.
No.
2 2024 | 29-37
The Relationship between Family Support and Maternal Attitude with Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Infants Aged <6 Months in the Working Area of Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center.
Kotabaru Regency Ramdana1.
Ika Friscila2.
Fadhiyah Noor Anisa3 1 BachelorAos Degree of Midwifery Program.
Faculty of Health.
Sari Mulia University 2 Professional Education of Midwifery Program.
Faculty of Health.
Sari Mulia University 3 Diploma of Midwifery Faculty of Health.
Sari Mulia University Email : bidan.
bulan@gmail.
com, ika.
925@gmail.
com, fadhiyah.
anisa@gmail.
Corresponding Author : bidan.
bulan@gmail.
Article Information ABSTRACT Article History One of the other things that causes high IMR is giving MP ASI too early.
The high provision of Complementary Food for Early Breastfeeding is influenced by family support.
The internal factor that influences early complementary feeding is the mother's attitude.
Tanjung Seloka Health Center.
Kotabaru Regency, is the health center with the third lowest coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, namely 83.
The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between family support and mother's attitude with early complementary breastfeeding to infants aged <6 months in the work area of the Tanjung Seloka Health Center.
Kotabaru District.
The results show that 18 respondens .
7%) who gave MP-ASI early to infants aged <6 months did not receive adequate family support.
Statistical analysis reveals a significant relationship between family support and early complementary feeding .
-value = 0,000 < 0,.
Furthermore, all 15 respondents .
%) who gave MP-ASI early complementary feeding .
-value = 0,000 < 0.
The conlusion: family support and maternal attitude significantly influence the early provision of complementary feeding to infants aged <6 months in the working area of the Tanjung Seloka Health Center.
Kotabaru Distric.
Strengthening family support and fostering positive maternal attitudes are essential to promoting exclusive breastfeeding practices.
Received: 13-07-24 Revised: 27-08-24 Accepted:21-10-24 Keywords:
Infants Family support Early complementary Maternal attitude Introduction Sustainable Development Goals (SDG.
Goal The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) refer to three aims to achieve the expected target of the number of children who pass away reducing the Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) before their first birthday, calculated per to at least 12 per 1000 live births by 2030.
1000 live births (UNICEF, 2.
The IMR is According to World Bank data, the global infant mortality rate in 2019 reached 28.
development of a country and the quality of per 1000 live births (WHO, 2.
life of its population, which is then Data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic incorporated into the formulation of the and Health Survey (IDHS) show that the 29 Journal Of Health Science Email : jurnalfik@wiraraja.
The Relationship between Family Support and AA Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) is 15 per that infants be exclusively breastfed for the 1,000 live births, while the Infant Mortality first 6 months to support optimal growth.
Rate (IMR) stands at 24 per 1,000 live births.
development, and health.
After 6 months.
The World Health Organization (WHO) complementary foods should be introduced reports that most neonatal deaths .
%) while continuing breastfeeding until the child happen during the first week of life, with reaches 2 years of age to fulfill their around 1 million infants dying within their first 24 hours.
This is due to premature birth, 51/2016 also stipulates that complementary complications related to the birthing process foods cannot replace breast milk (Kemenkes, .
uch as asphyxia or respiratory failur.
, and congenital infections, which accounted for most neonatal deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2.
Regulation no.
This research was conducted to explore the relationship between family support and One other reason for the high Infant maternal attitudes in the introduction of Mortality Rate (IMR) is the early introduction Complementary Feeding (CF) to infants under 6 months of age.
Exclusive breastfeeding until Providing food to infants the baby reaches 6 months requires strong support from the family, particularly from the frequency, type of food, quantity, and husband and other family members.
However, preparation method.
One incorrect practice in feeding infants is introducing food too early.
husbands, tend to introduce food or drinks Introducing solid foods too early can cause before the baby reaches the recommended digestive issues in infants, including diarrhea.
The early introduction of CF is often constipation, vomiting, and allergic reactions.
influenced by the views of close family When they grow up, this can also affect the members, such as the mother, mother-in-law, intelligence level of children and may trigger or siblings, as well as cultural practices within the emergence of obesity, hypertension, and the community.
This phenomenon highlights coronary heart disease (Nadesul, 2.
Indonesia, most parents commonly introduce breastfeeding, and this behavior has become a complementary feeding at 6 social norm that has developed over time however, only a small percentage of mothers (Mariastuti, 2.
This study aims to identify continue providing complementary foods to the factors influencing the early introduction infants beyond this age.
This aligns with the of CF, focusing on family support and maternal recommendations of the WHO.
UNICEF, and attitudes as key factors affecting infant feeding the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health The novelty of this research lies in its emphasis on the influence of family within a Decree No.
33/Men.
Kes/SK/IV/2012.
It is recommended 30 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA socio-cultural context that may not have been Center Information System (PIS-PK) of The fully identified in previous studies.
Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center is The internal influence affecting the early located in one of the areas of Kotabaru introduction of Complementary Feeding (CF) Regency, 83.
7% of mothers provide drinks or is the mother's attitude.
Attitude reflects food other than breast milk before their behavioral tendencies towards an object and children reach 6 months of age.
From this data, it can be concluded that the prevalence of Many mothers believe that babies early complementary feeding in Tanjung will be too hungry and sleep soundly if given Seloka Community Health Center is very high, food, even though this belief is not relevant.
The number of infants aged 0-12 Despite the immature digestive system of months in the working area of Tanjung Seloka babies, many still hold this belief.
Babies may Community Health Center.
Kotabaru Regency appear full after being given formula milk or in 2022, is 76 individuals.
The selection of CF, but in reality, these foods are difficult to Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center as Breast milk is much easier to digest, the research object is because this area is the and since the baby's stomach is small, exclusively breastfed babies will nurse more researcher intends to take tangible actions to frequently than those given formula milk or CF at 6-12 months of age (Mariastuti, 2.
breastfeeding and also to serve as an example According to data obtained from the for other community health centers in Health Office of Kotabaru Regency, in 2021, the percentage of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) was 56.
98%, with a total of 2,583 feeding in infants.
infants aged 0-12 months.
This figure is still The Tanjung Seloka Community Health far below the minimum service standards set Center in Kotabaru District has implemented by the Ministry of Health for regencies/cities, various efforts to encourage parents to which stipulate that the coverage of exclusive introduce complementary feeding for infants breastfeeding for infants should be 80% over 6 months old and to ensure that all (Kemenkes, 2.
mothers practice exclusive breastfeeding.
The Tanjung Seloka Community Health These efforts include providing counseling.
Center (Puskesma.
in Kotabaru Regency has the third lowest coverage of exclusive engaging with families to actively participate breastfeeding, at 57.
5%, after Pudi Community in maintaining infant health and fully support Health Center with 50.
15% and Dirgahayu the exclusive breastfeeding program.
Based on Community Health Center with 47.
the explanation above, the researcher is According to data from the Integrated Health interested in exploring the "Relationship 31 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA Family Support Maternal RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Attitudes toward the Early Introduction of Age Distribution of Mothers Complementary Feeding in Infants Aged <6 No.
Months in the Working Area of the Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center.
Kotabaru District.
This characteristics of mothers, including age, breastfeeding for infants under 6 months.
Characteristics of Mothers Based on Education No.
Education Low .
ot school, 1 elementary, junior high schoo.
High .
igh school, 2 diploma.
Total investigate the practice of exclusive Age Risk (<20/>35 years Not risk .
-35 years Total breastfeeding in infants under 6 months.
explore maternal attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding for infants in this age group.
analyze the relationships between family Characteristics of Mothers Based on Occupation No.
Occupation 1 Not working 2 Working support and maternal attitudes with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center.
Kotabaru Regency.
Total
METHODE
Characteristics of Mothers Based on Parity No.
Paritas 1 Risk 2 Not risk This study use an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional design.
The sample includes 30 mothers of infants aged 6-12 months, selected during the period from Total November 2022 to January 2023.
Statistical introduction of complementary feeding for Early Introduction of Complementary Feeding (CF) to Infants Aged <6 Months Early initiation of No.
complementary feeding in f
infants aged <6 months 18 60,0 1 Yes
12 40,0
2 Not infants under 6 months, within the working Total Family Support No.
Family support 1 Not supportive 2 Supportive Spearman's rank correlation test to assess the relationship between family support and area of the Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center.
Kotabaru District.
32 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA Total majority of people in Indonesia provide Maternal Attitudes Toward Early Introduction of Complementary Feeding (CF) in Infants Under 6 Months No.
Mothers attitude Negatif Positif Total complementary feeding to infants under 6 months old, while only a few mothers provide complementary feeding to infants over 6 months old (Afriyani R.
Haliya S, 2.
(Afriyani et al.
, 2.
WHO.
UNICEF, and the Indonesian Ministry of Health recommend exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months in The Relationship Between Family Support and Early Introduction of Complementary Feeding (CF) in Infants Under 6 Months Old Early initiation of feeding in infants aged <6 months Yes Family Support No.
accordance with Minister of Health Regulation No.
Attitude Early initiation of complementary feeding in infants aged <6 months Yes feeding (CF) should begin as early as possible because by the age of 4-6 months, infants become active and start showing interest in Therefore, mothers prefer to introduce CF before their babies reach 6 months of age.
Additionally, early introduction of CF has become a cultural norm for many communities due to fears of their child being underweight, concerns about their child going hungry, and Total the belief that early introduction of CF will result in their child being morecalm and sleeping better.
Negatif Positif Total (Kemenkes.
According to the researcher, most people The Relationship Between Maternal Attitude and Early Introduction of Complementary Feeding (CF) in Infants Under 6 Months Old No.
33/Men.
Kes/SK/IV/2012 Total
Not Supportive 9
9 100 9 100
1 40,
Total Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient= 0,000< .
with the research findings indicating that the Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient = 0,000< .
This contradicts the guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health, which recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months From the research findings, it is concluded that to ensure optimal growth, development, and out of 30 respondents, 18 individuals .
%) of health for infants (Kemenkes RI, 2.
Then, mothers should start providing complementary foods alongside breastfeeding until the child (CF) to infants under 6 months old, while 12 reaches two years of age to ensure the baby's individuals .
%) of mothers did not introduce nutritional needs are met (WHO, 2.
The CF to infants under 6 months old.
This aligns government also regulates complementary 33 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA feeding in regulation number 51/2016, which complementary feeding has been linked to high emphasizes that complementary foods are not infant mortality rates in Indonesia primarily due a substitute for breast milk.
to gastrointestinal and respiratory infections The research findings show that out of 30 (Aprillia et al.
, 2.
According to research respondents, 21 mothers .
%) did not receive conducted by the Center for Research and support from their families, while 9 mothers Development of Nutrition and Food, it is known .
%) received support from their families.
that infants who are partially breastfed are more The high prevalence of early complementary susceptible to diarrhea, coughs, colds, and fevers feeding is influenced by family support.
Family compared to infants who receive exclusive support is crucial for a mother to breastfeed breastfeeding (Hossain & Mihrshahi, 2.
her baby until the age of 6 months.
However.
The research findings indicate that out of 30 many families, such as parents and husbands, respondents, 50% of them showed both positive tend to provide food or drinks prematurely.
and negative attitudes towards breastfeeding The inappropriate provision of complementary From the researcherAos perspective, it is foods .
t an early ag.
is largely influenced by evident that a key internal factor influencing the the closest relatives, such as mothers, mothers- early introduction of complementary feeding is the in-law, or siblings, or due to cultural habits in motherAos own attitude towards breastfeeding and their surrounding communities (Mariastuti, the introduction of additional foods to her infant.
This attitude is shaped by a combination of The survey results indicate that the family personal beliefs, cultural knowledge, and family does not support the mother in breastfeeding Specifically, local cultural norms and according to her wishes, resulting in the traditional practices, such as the belief in giving mother breastfeeding according to the family's honey and sugar to infants when visiting The family does not provide additional neighbors, can significantly affect a motherAos breastfeeding, resulting in insufficient breast recommended age (Oktarina et al.
, 2.
The milk production to meet the baby's needs.
Additionally, the family does not provide behaviors, such as discarding colostrum, with the information about the benefits of breastfeeding, belief that it is stale and potentially harmful, or giving prelacteal food or drinks before breast milk non-supportive complementary feeding for the mother.
is available.
Other behaviors identified include From a socio-cultural and family support improper breastfeeding techniques and a lack of prespective, it is a common practice in society to confidence in the adequacy of breast milk alone to introduce complementary foods such as formula milk, water, and rice porridge to infants under 6 behaviors, as observed in the study, reflect the months of age.
The early introduction of complex interaction between cultural beliefs and 34 | Journal Of Health Science These The Relationship between Family Support and AA personal attitudes, which in turn shape maternal (Maryunani.
Efforts to reduce the practice of early introduction of complementary feeding can be understanding these underlying factors, the made by improving the knowledge and attitudes research aims to provide insights into how of mothers and families.
Activities to enhance cultural perceptions and maternal attitudes knowledge can be carried out through providing influence early feeding practices, paving the way education or health promotion sessions to help for better-targeted interventions.
mothers and families better understand the The data from the questionnaire indicates that dangers, impacts, and risks of early introduction of mothers feel that the breast milk provided is complementary feeding to infants (Syahruddin et insufficient for their baby, leading them to , 2.
introduce complementary feeding at an early age.
The research found that out of 30 respondents.
Additionally, mothers prefer to follow their 18 individuals .
7%) did not receive family husband's advice to provide mashed foods like support in providing exclusive breastfeeding to bananas or avocados to the baby before the age of infants under 6 months old.
There is a significant 6 months.
Mothers also tend to follow their relationship between family support and exclusive husband's advice to feed liquid porridge through a breastfeeding for infants under 6 months in the bottle nipple to ensure the baby feels full and working area of the Tanjung Seloka Community doesn't become fussy.
Mothers also feel that the Health Center in Kotabaru District .
value = 0.
baby appears calm after consuming porridge < 0.
before the age of 6 months, so they continue to do According to Apriani's study .
, family support and feeding habits have a significant Attitude is a behavioral tendency towards a impact on the provision of complementary specific object and can be shaped by knowledge feeding, accounting for 92.
The researchers and experience.
Many mothers believe that their assume that the family's role in providing baby will be hungry and sleep better if given solid complementary feeding to 6-month-old infants is food, despite the lack of relevance.
Many perceive crucial, especially in Indonesia, which has a this as true when, in fact, the immature digestive collective culture where families play a role in system has to work harder to process solid food.
caring for children, particularly in terms of Babies may appear fuller when given formula milk providing complementary feeding.
or complementary foods because these are harder The provision of high-quality and adequate for them to digest.
Breast milk, on the other hand, quantity complementary feeding (MP-ASI) is is easier to digest, and a baby's stomach capacity is crucial for the rapid physical growth and cognitive very small, so babies exclusively breastfed will development of children during this period.
nurse more frequently than those given formula However, cleanliness in its provision is also vital.
milk or complementary foods from 6 to 12 months of age (Mariastuti, 2.
complementary feeding are low, it can lead to 35 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA microbial contamination, increasing the risk of provide complementary feeding, not only to infection in infants (Mufida et al.
, 2.
Although women but also to family members and relatives.
breastfeeding still provides sufficient nutrition The early introduction of complementary during the first 4-6 months, after 6 months, breast feeding is often influenced by advice from parents, particularly grandmothers .
hether the mother- additional food to meet the baby's nutritional in-law or the mother of the breastfeeding mothe.
Typically, the reason is that the baby continues to complementary feeding because they believe that cry even after being breastfed, leading to the breast milk is sufficient for their child, but support administration of formula milk, water, sweet tea, from family is essential.
Additionally, some and so forth.
Some The research findings revealed that, out of 30 respondents, 15 individuals .
%) exhibited a received education from midwives that infants negative attitude by introducing complementary under 6 months do not need additional food and feeding to infants under 6 months of age.
The breast milk alone is sufficient.
study also identified a significant relationship The community perceives that providing the early complementary feeding is solely the responsibility introduction of complementary feeding for infants of the mother and her baby.
therefore, family under 6 months in the working area of the support for complementary feeding is needed.
Tanjung especially in terms of motivation, perception.
Kotabaru Regency .
-value = 0.
000 < 0.
emotions, and attitude (Proverawati dan Andhini.
Seloka Community Health Center.
An individual's attitude refers to their favorable or unfavorable feelings of support towards a Family support in decision-making, whether specific object, and attitude represents a potential from the husband, parents, or in-laws, is crucial.
tendency to react in a certain way when faced with Family support entails all forms of verbal stimuli that require a response.
In this study, assistance from close relatives such as the attitude refers to the respondents' attitudes husband, parents, and in-laws in providing towards providing appropriate complementary complementary feeding.
The family's role in feeding to infants.
discouraging early introduction of complementary The researcher assumes that to enhance feeding is essential, especially in Indonesian breastfeeding success, mothers must have a society, which is collectivistic, where the family positive attitude towards providing appropriate plays a role in child care, especially for infants.
complementary feeding because attitude is crucial paternalistic families, women are responsible for in shaping one's actions.
Attitude represents an individual's initial response or reaction to a Therefore, empowered and provided with guidance or stimulus or object.
counseling on the proper and correct way to 36 | Journal Of Health Science The Relationship between Family Support and AA
CONCLUSION
There is a significant relationship between family support and the early initiation of complementary feeding in infants under 6 months of age in the working area of the Tanjung Seloka Community Health Center.
Kotabaru Regency.
Additionally, a relationship was found between maternal attitudes and the early initiation of complementary feeding for infants under 6 months in the same area.
REFERENCES