Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab p-ISSN 2721-155X | e-ISSN 2721-5121 id/tatsqifiy Phonetic Analysis of MakhArij al-urf Pronunciation Errors in the Recitation of Surah Al-FAtiuah by Grade Vi Students at SMPIT Nurul Yaqien Alfin Maulana Haryadi.
Lina Marlina Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
Fakultas Pascasarjana Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Sunan Gunung Djati.
Indonesia Volume 6 Nomor 2 Juli 2025: 139-146 DOI: 10.
30997/dt.
Article History Submission: 03-06-2025 Revised: 28-07-2025 Accepted: 28-07-2025 Published: 29-07-2025 Kata Kunci:
Fonetik.
Makharij Al-Huruf.
Surah AlFAtiuah.
Tajwid.
Kesalahan Pelafalan.
Keywords:
Phonetics.
Makharij Al-Huruf.
Surah AlFAtiuah.
Tajweed.
Pronunciation Mistakes.
Korespondensi:
Alfin Maulana Haryadi ( 082137892.
( alfynmaulana30@gmail.
Abstrak: This study aims to analyze phonetic errors in makharij al-uurf .
he articulation points of Arabic letter.
in the recitation of Surah Al-FAtiuah by 8thgrade students of SMPIT Nurul Yaqien.
The method used is descriptive qualitative, involving direct observation and in-depth interviews with tahsin teachers and selected students.
The results show that the most frequent pronunciation errors occurred in the letters UAd (A)A.
Ad (A)AA.
Ghain (A)A.
AAo (A)A, and AoAin (A)A, which have no direct equivalents in Indonesian Contributing factors include limited theoretical understanding of makhraj, lack of articulation practice, and teaching methods that do not incorporate phonetic-based approaches.
The findings highlight the need for phonetic and visual strategies in teaching tajweed to improve mastery of makharij aluurf.
Theoretically, this study contributes to Arabic linguistic research by identifying phonetic error patterns among non-native speakers.
Practically, it serves as a foundation for developing more effective phonetic-articulatory based tajweed instruction methods in Islamic educational institutions.
Analisis Fonetik Kesalahan Makharij al-Huruf pada Bacaan Surah Al-FAtiuah oleh Siswa Kelas Vi SMPIT Nurul Yaqien Cisarua Bogor Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan fonetik dalam makharij al-uurf .
empat keluarnya huru.
pada bacaan Surah Al-FAtiuah oleh siswa kelas Vi SMPIT Nurul Yaqien.
Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik observasi langsung dan wawancara mendalam kepada guru tahsin dan beberapa siswa.
Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan paling dominan terjadi pada huruf UAd (A)A.
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All Rights Reserved p-ISSN 2721-155X | e-ISSN 2721-5121 140 Alfin Maulana Haryadi.
Lina Marlina Phonetic Analysis of MakhArij al-urf Pronunciation Errors A (A)AA.
Ghain (A)A.
AAo (A)A, dan AoAin (A)A, yang tidak memiliki padanan langsung dalam fonem bahasa Indonesia.
Faktor penyebab kesalahan mencakup keterbatasan pemahaman teoretis tentang makhraj, kurangnya latihan artikulasi, dan metode pembelajaran yang belum berbasis fonetik.
Implikasi dari studi ini menunjukkan perlunya pendekatan fonetik dan visual dalam pengajaran tajwid agar makharij al-uurf dapat dikuasai lebih baik.
Secara teoritis, penelitian ini Arab mengidentifikasi bentuk kesalahan fonetik dalam konteks pembelajaran non-penutur asli.
Secara praktis, temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan metode pembelajaran tajwid berbasis fonetik-artikulatoris yang lebih efektif bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam.
INTRODUCTION
Surah Al-FAtiuah is the opening chapter of the QurAoan and is obligatory to recite in every unit .
akAoa.
of prayer.
The accurate pronunciation of the Arabic letters in this surah is crucialAi This study aims to identify and analyze mispronunciations of Arabic letters from a phonetic perspective and to explore the contributing factors to these errors, particularly within the context of SMPIT Nurul Yaqien.
not only from the perspective of tajwd
METHOD
This study employs a descriptive .
ules of QurAoanic recitatio.
, but also from a phonetic standpoint to preserve the intended Auliya, 2.
In Arabic linguistics, .
phonetic studies play a vital role in during tahsin learning sessions, where students were asked to individually makhArij (Gazali al-uurf, which refers to the articulation points of Surah Data Direct Al-FAtiuah (Sholihin, 2.
However, in practice, .
In-depth many Indonesian students struggle interviews conducted with the tahsin with pronouncing certain Arabic letters teacher and three eighth-grade students in Surah Al-FAtiuah, particularly those that do not exist in the Indonesian phonological system.
The research subjects consisted of 25 Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
V6 N2 Juli 2025:139-146 p-ISSN 2721-155X | e-ISSN 2721-5121 141 DOI: 10.
30997/tjpba.
eighth-grade students.
The data were To facilitate understanding, the results and discussion are presented phonetics approach by comparing the This section serves as the production of Arabic sounds with the core of the study, as it highlights the articulatory features of phonemes in the actual pronunciation conditions of the Indonesian language (Ulum, 2.
students and the factors that influence RESULT AND DISCUSSION This section presents the research findings obtained through observations and interviews, followed by analysis based on phonetic theory and makhArij al-uurf .
rticulation points of Arabic Findings Based articulation .
pronunciation errors were identified:
Tabel 1 Jumlah Siswa yang Salah Melafalkan Huruf Hijaiyah dalam Surah Al-Fatihah Letter A( AUA.
A( AGhai.
A( a.
A( AA) Word in the Surah aAeEacOIA ca AEA a ca AeEI eaOA a aA ca aAeE eI aA A( AAi.
aAE eO acN eIA Type of Error Pronounced like /z/ or /d/ Unclear.
sounds like /g/ or /k/ Pronounced like regular /s/ Pronounced like regular /h/ Not pronounced.
becomes regular vowel /a/ Number of Students 17 students .
%) 14 students .
%) 15 students .
%) 10 students .
%) 12 students .
%) Figure 1 Jumlah Siswa yang Salah Melafalkan Huruf Hijaiyah dalam Surah Al-Fatihah Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
V6 N2 Juli 2025:139-146 142 Alfin Maulana Haryadi.
Lina Marlina Phonetic Analysis of MakhArij al-urf Pronunciation Errors A DISCUSSION reproduce unfamiliar sounds using the The findings of this study indicate phonological system of their native that the mispronunciation of makhArij language (Yusuff & Abd Halim, 2.
al-uurf in the recitation of Surah Al- This is a strong indicator that the FAtiuah by eighth-grade students at absence of the UAd sound in Indonesian SMPIT Nurul Yaqien is not merely a prompts students to substitute it with the closest approximate, despite its inaccuracy in terms of makhraj.
These errors are particularly evident in A similar error occurred with the letter Ad (A)AA, which 60% of students equivalents in the Indonesian language, such as UAd (A)A.
Ad (A)AA.
Ghain (A)A.
A Phonetically.
Ad (A)A, and Ain (A)A.
The analysis of the consonant that influences the resonance types and frequencies of these errors of the oral cavity.
Without phonetic training that emphasizes vocal pressure .
/s/.
mother tongue (L.
and a learning positioning, students find it difficult to approach that insufficiently emphasizes distinguish between /s/ and //.
Ulum articulatory phonetics are the dominant .
, causes of these mispronunciations.
phonological classification, emphasized Arabic For instance, the letter UAd (AA.
A that such differences require explicit which is phonetically described as an articulatory instruction, especially for non-Arab learners such as Indonesian fricativeAiwas pronounced by most /d/ /z/.
Furthermore, phonemes that are more common in the errors involving Ghain (A )Aand Ain (A)A Indonesian language.
The fact that 68% of students replaced UAd with /d/ or significantly with producing guttural /z/ reinforces the theory of negative phonemes, which originate from the transfer in second language phonology 56% of students substituted AA acquisition, where learners attempt to with /g/ or /k/, while 48% of students Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
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pronounced Ain as the vowel /a/.
This indicates a weak phonetic awareness of Most Nasution .
noted that visualize the position of the mouth and Arabic letters such as A Aand A Apossess throat during recitation.
Some students phonetic characteristics that cannot be even admitted they only realized their substituted by other phonemes without mistakes after being corrected by the significantly altering the meaning.
teacher but did not know how to fix From a pedagogical perspective, the This approach used at SMPIT Nurul Yaqien articulatory awarenessAithe ability to still centers on talaqqAia traditional identify and control the speech organs method of mimicking the teacherAos during sound production.
According to recitation orally.
While this method Hasibuan .
, such awareness is a fundamental prerequisite for improving preserves sanad .
hain of transmissio.
Islamic effectiveness becomes limited when not Arabic Qur'anic recitation have implications not only articulatory training.
Interviews with from a linguistic standpoint but also the tahsin teacher revealed that makhraj from theological and ritual perspectives.
Errors in makhraj can change the technically, nor had it utilized visual meaning of a word and, in some cases, aids such as anatomical diagrams of alter the meaning of an entire verse.
For instance, confusing UAd (A )Awith DAl (A)A animations, or audio-visual simulations in the word as-sAlln may lead to a of sound production.
Consequently, significant semantic shift.
Since Surah Al-FAtiuah is an essential component understanding of how and from where .
of prayer .
, persistent Phonetic affect the validity of the prayer if left Interviews Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
V6 N2 Juli 2025:139-146 144 Alfin Maulana Haryadi.
Lina Marlina Phonetic Analysis of MakhArij al-urf Pronunciation Errors A Therefore, it is crucial to emphasize educational institutions, and future that tahsin instruction should not only Teachers can use this data focus on memorizing the text but must to evaluate and improve tahsin methods also address phonetic aspects in a with more structured and effective technical and theoretical manner.
Educational institutions can suggested by Albantani .
QurAoanic design teacher training programs that learning becomes far more effective communicative, and visual approaches.
Future Through this method, students are not encouraged to develop visual phonetic- only able to memorize the words but based experimental learning models also understand their sound structure and to test the effectiveness of such and pronunciation consciously and approaches in improving studentsAo Qur'anic This interactive digital app.
, mirror-based Arabic
CONCLUSION
phonetics-based media .
uch as makhraj diagrams, slow- educational levels.
tahsin curriculum, integrating visual Such training can foster both phonetic competence and reflective awareness in studentsAo recitation.
With this strategy, students can recite the QurAoan not only fluently but also accurately in terms of makhraj, and meaningfully in their spiritual practice.
In conclusion, these findings offer significant contributions for teachers.
This mispronunciations of makhArij al-uurf in the recitation of Surah Al-FAtiuah by Grade Vi students of SMPIT Nurul Yaqien phonetic understanding and teaching methods that do not accommodate visual and articulatory approaches.
Although the students have memorized the text verbally, their ability to correctly pronounce letters such as UAd.
Ad.
Ghain.
AAo, and AoAin remains low due to a lack of technical training in proper articulation .
Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab.
V6 N2 Juli 2025:139-146 p-ISSN 2721-155X | e-ISSN 2721-5121 145 DOI: 10.
30997/tjpba.
This importance of teaching tahsin not through phonetic training with visual Innovative teaching strategies are needed to help students concretely understand the articulatory positions of This research recommends that phonetic media into tajwd instruction as an effort to enhance recitation quality and preserve the integrity of the QurAoanic meaning.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The researcher extends sincere gratitude to SMPIT Nurul Yaqien, especially the tahsin teacher and Grade Vi students, for their participation and cooperation throughout the course of this study.
REFERENCES