Analysis And Implementation Of Triple-Tuning Filters For Harmonic Reduction In Electrical Power Systems Marwan Affandi1 .
Bagus Saputra2.
Muhammad Roihan Fuady3.
Raffi Hidayat4.
Anggi Nur Ananda Saragih5.
Rut Omega6 Program Studi Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Ae Universitas Negeri Medan E-mail: marwanelektro@unimed.
id, bagussaputra@mhs.
id , muhammadroihanfuady@mhs.
5223351009@mhs.
id, anggi.
4223230019@mhs.
id, rutomegapurba135.
4223230042@mhs.
AbstractAi This research aims to develop an effective solution to reduce harmonics through the design and implementation of a triple-tuning filter.
High harmonic levels, which exceed the Ie 519-2014 standard limits, can reduce system efficiency and power quality.
The research method includes a literature study and simulation using MATLAB This simulation designs a triple-tuning filter with three LC resonance branches to suppress fifth, seventh, and eleventh order harmonics.
The prototype design was tested based on electrical load condition data at the Electrical Engineering Department Building of Medan State University.
The simulation results show that the triple-tuning filter significantly reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) The initial THD value of 31.
8 percent was successfully reduced to below the standard limit of five percent.
conclusion, the triple-tuning filter has been proven to be an effective and applicable solution in harmonic mitigation in power systems, while also providing practical and academic contributions in the field of Electrical Engineering.
KeywordsAiHarmonics.
Harmonic Distortion (THD) Triple-Tuning Filter.
Total
INTRODUCTION
The electrical power system is not immune to harmonics Harmonics are one of the main problems that can cause equipment performance disturbances, power loss, and damage to system components, as well as shorten the life of electrical equipment .
According to the Ie 519-2014 standard, harmonic distortion must be minimized to maintain power quality and stability .
The main sources of harmonics are non-linear electronic devices, such as rectifiers and inverters, which produce currents with non-sinusoidal To address this, passive filters such as single-tuned and double-tuned have been widely implemented due to their relatively low cost.
However, these conventional passive filters have limitations in simultaneously reducing harmonics at multiple frequencies, especially in systems with complex harmonic spectra .
The use of triple-tuned filters is gaining traction as a more effective solution.
These filters are designed to simultaneously reduce three primary harmonic frequencies and demonstrate superior performance compared to singletuned and double-tuned filters .
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the triple-tuning filter, design its optimal parameters, compare its performance with other filters, and assess its impact on the efficiency of the electric power ISSN 2615-5788 Print .
JURNAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO DAN KOMPUTER TRIAC https://journal.
id/triac Vol 12 No.
Page 80-83 II.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research Design and Data Collection This research uses an experimental method with a quantitative approach.
The case study was conducted on the electric power system in the Electrical Engineering Education Department Building.
Medan State University.
The initial stage was the collection of primary data on system conditions using a Power Quality Analyzer (PQA).
Initial measurement results showed the system's Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) 8%, with dominant harmonics in the 3rd .
3%), 5th .
27%), 7th .
27%), and 11th .
97%) orders.
This data became the basis for filter design.
Filter Design and Simulation Passive filter design begins by determining the reactive power compensation requirements ( ) to improve the power factor from 0.
8 to 0.
95, based on the measured active power (P) .
= ycE.
os Oe1 ycy yce1 ) Oe tan.
os Oe1 ycy yce2 )] .
From the Qc value, the capacitive reactance value ( ) required at the fundamental frequency ( yce ) is calculated using the equation:
ycO2 = ycE .
yca The capacitance value (C) is then obtained from:
ya = 2yuUyce ycU .
0 yca For a filter tuned at the nth harmonic order .
, the inductor reactance value ( ) is determined to resonate with .
ycU = Ea2yca .
ycu So the required inductance value (L) is:
ycU = 2yuUyce .
This basic calculation became the basis for developing a more complex triple-tuning design, consisting of three @2025 Marwan Affandi.
Bagus Saputra & Muhammad Roihan Fuady parallel LC branches designed to resonate at the 5th, 7th, and 11th orders .
The total harmonic distortion (THD) percentage of voltage and current is formulated as follows .
Where:
Ea : harmonic component of the current 1 : fundamental frequency current (RMS) Simulation and Optimization Models The design and testing of the filter effectiveness were carried out through simulations using MATLAB Simulink To determine the optimal component values (L and C) in the three branches of the triple-tuning filter, this study applied a metaheuristic optimization method .
Three optimization algorithms were tested, namely Ant Rider Optimization (ARO).
Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA).
The objective function of these optimizations is to achieve THD minimization.
(Figure 2.
Simulink Model Design After Installing Triple-Tunning Filte.
Filter Parameter Optimization The metaheuristic optimization process is carried out to obtain the optimal component parameters in the three filter branches in Fig.
The convergence curves of the three algorithms .
hown in Fig.
show that the WOA algorithm achieves the fastest convergence with the lowest objective function value.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
System Simulation Model The power system model and triple-tuning passive filter were designed in MATLAB Simulink.
Figure 1 shows the power system simulation model before the filter was This model represents the load at the research site and the identified harmonic sources (H3.
H5.
H7.
H9.
H11, (Figure 3.
Convergence Curves of ARO.
ALO, and WOA Algorithm.
A comparison of the performance of the three algorithms is presented in Table 1.
The WOA algorithm produces the lowest THD, which is 3.
8%, with the fastest computation Based on the consideration that the main objective of the research is THD minimization, the WOA algorithm is selected as the most optimal.
The parameters of the optimal triple-tuning filter components resulting from WOA optimization are shown in Table II.
(Figure 1.
Simulink Model Design Before Installing the Triple-Tunning Filte.
Figure 2 shows the same model design after the tripletuning filter is installed.
This filter consists of three parallel branches (C1-L1.
C2-L2.
C3-L.
, which are installed before the load to absorb harmonic currents.
TABLE 1.
COMPARISON OF METAHEURISTIC
ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION RESULTS
Reactive Algorithm
Power
(VAR)
Power
Loss (W) THD (%) ARO
ALO
WOA
TABLE 2.
TRIPLE-TUNING FILTER OPTIMIZATION RESULT
PARAMETERS
Valrus (SI Value (Practical Unit.
Unit.
1,37016 y 10a F
13,70 F
2,57607 y 10AA H
25,76 mH
9,43678 y 10AA F
9,44 F
3,50972 y 10AA H
35,10 mH
5,65335 y 10a F
56,53 F
2,91233 y 10AA H 2,91 mH Component Filter Performance Simulation Results The filter performance with the optimal parameters from Table 2 was then simulated using the model in Figure 2.
Fig.
4 shows the FFT analysis results of the simulation model before the filter was installed .
s per Fig.
These results confirm the initial condition of the system with a THD of (Figure 4.
Wave Simulation Results Before Installing the Triple-Tunning Filte.
After the triple-tuning filter is installed, the waveform becomes much more sinusoidal, as shown in Figure 5.
The THD value dropped drastically to 2.
TABLE 3.
HARMONIC REDUCTION RESULTS AFTER
INSTALLING THE TRIPLE-TUNING FILTER
Before After Filter
Filter
(%)
(%)
28,30
15,00
13,27
3,50
9,27
2,50
7,29
3,50
5,79
1,20
5,10
2,55
3,52
0,01
3,13
0,00
2,95
0,00
2,58
0,00
2,46
0,00
2,29
0,00
2,14
0,00
2,14
0,00
2,05
0,00
1,93
0,00
1,75
0,00
1,72
0,00
0,00
0,00
1,47
0,00
1,34
0,00
Total THD
2,23
92,98
Harmonious Order Reduction (%) (Figure 5.
Waveform Simulation Results After Installing the Triple-Tuning Filte.
The reduction results for each harmonic order are summarized in Table 3.
It can be seen that the most effective filter reduces the 11th order harmonics .
9% reductio.
, followed by the 5th order .
6% reductio.
and the 7th order .
0% reductio.
Discussion