Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Volume.
2 Nomor 4.
Tahun 2024 e-ISSN : 3062-8652.
dan p-ISSN : 3048-1732.
Hal.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
62383/pentagon.
Available online at: https://journal.
id/index.
php/Pentagon The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model Assisted By Blended Learning On The Critical Thinking Ability Of Grade Vi Students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat Arianti Masanggelo1*.
Orbanus Naharia2.
Mariana Rengkuan3 Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi.
Fmipak.
Universitas Negeri Manado.
Indonesia Alamat: Jl.
Kampus Unima Tonsaru.
Kec.
Tondano Selatan.
Kab.
Minahasa.
Sulawesi Utara Korespondensi penulis: antymasanggelo@gmail.
Abstract.
This study was undertaken in response to the deficient cognitive abilities of students.
The problem in this study is whether there is an influence of the project-based learning (PjBL) model, which is assisted by blended learning, on improving students' critical thinking skills in class Vi of SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
This study aims to determine whether the project-based learning (PjBL) model is assisted by blended learning in students' critical thinking skills in class Vi of SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
This study was performed in SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat between April to May 2024, employing a quasi-experimental methodology.
The sample in this study consisted of class Vi-A as the experimental group and class Vi-B as the control group.
Both classes will undergo a learning outcome assessment comprising a pretest and a posttest.
The data analysis revealed that the project-based learning (PjBL) paradigm, augmented by blended learning, significantly influenced students' critical thinking skills on the human excretory system in class Vi at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
This is derived from the t-test results obtained using IBM SPSS for Windows version 2.
2, with a significance value.
If the p-value .
-taile.
is less than the significance level .
05, specifically 0.
002 < 0.
05, then the null hypothesis (H.
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H.
is accepted.
Keywords: Project-Based Learning.
Blended Learning.
Beroy Kritis.
Biology,Learning outcomes Abstrak.
Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai tanggapan atas kurangnya kemampuan kognitif siswa.
Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah ada pengaruh model project-based learning (PjBL) yang dibantu blended learning terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa di kelas Vi SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model project-based learning (PjBL) dibantu oleh blended learning dalam keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa di kelas Vi SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat antara bulan April hingga Mei 2024, dengan menggunakan metodologi kuasi-eksperimental.
Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari kelas Vi-A sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas Vi-B sebagai kelompok kontrol.
Kedua kelas akan menjalani penilaian hasil pembelajaran yang terdiri dari pretest dan posttest.
Analisis data mengungkapkan bahwa paradigma pembelajaran berbasis proyek (PjBL), ditambah dengan blended learning, secara signifikan mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada sistem ekskresi manusia di kelas Vi SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
Hal ini berasal dari hasil uji-t yang diperoleh menggunakan IBM SPSS for Windows versi 2.
2, dengan nilai signifikansi.
Jika nilai-p .
-eko.
kurang dari tingkat signifikansi .
0,05, khususnya 0,002 < 0,05, maka hipotesis nol (H.
ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif (H.
Kata kunci: Project-Based Learning.
Blendeed Learning.
Berpikir Kritis.
Biologi.
Hasil Belajar INTRODUCTION Education constitutes a deliberate and systematic endeavor to cultivate a learning environment and process, enabling students to actively enhance their ability for self-regulation, character development, intellectual growth, ethical values, and skill acquisition.
(Amalia.
Hamidah & Citra, 2021.
Rahmawati & Juandi, 2022.
Fatimah et al.
, 2.
Thus, education is everything that affects the growth, change and condition of every human being.
Received: November 16, 2024.
Revised: November 30,2024.
Accepted: Desember 11, 2024.
Published: Desember 13, 2024.
The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model Assisted By Blended Learning On The Critical Thinking Ability Of Grade Vi Students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat The changes occur by developing a person's potential, knowledge, skills, and attitudes in his life (Ramadhani, 2021.
Hanifah, 2023.
Lesa et al.
, 2023.
Noorhalida et al.
, 2.
Project-based learning (PjBL) is one of the student-centered learning models recommended by the 2013 curriculum, even the independent learning curriculum that uses real projects or activities as the core of learning (Panjaitan, 2019.
Anggela & Rina, 2023.
Nurohmah et al.
, 2023.
Rengkuan et al.
, 2.
In project-based learning, students engage in exploration, assessment, interpretation, synthesis, and processing of information to generate diverse learning outcomes that closely resemble real-world applications, thereby extending learning beyond the confines of the classroom (Poppyariyana & Munajat, 2020.
Auliah, 2023.
Parhusip & Wardhani, 2023.
Rezki & Sari, 2.
The problem of low thinking ability in students found at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh is evidenced by the student results that are still below the KKM.
Problems were also found during the implementation of observation, where, during the discussion, the number of students actively asking questions was very small compared to the number of existing students.
It shows that the project-based learning model used is still wrong where the teacher is dominant in using the lecture method.
Project-based learning is a learning approach that is specifically designed to overcome complex problems that students can investigate to understand.
This is marked by long activities given to students and is product-oriented (Rahmania, 2022.
Setiawan et al.
Azzahra et al.
, 2023.
Purba & Harahap, 2023.
Wahid, 2.
Cognitive talents are essential competencies for confronting life's obstacles.
These encompass critical thinking, creative thinking, and problem-solving abilities (Chyntia and Sihotang, 2.
Syafitri et al.
asserted that critical thinking constitutes self-regulation in decision-making, encompassing interpretation, analysis, assessment, and inference, alongside the use of evidence, concepts, procedures, criteria, or contextual factors that inform Anggela and Rina .
characterize critical thinking as a multifaceted process necessitating advanced cognitive abilities for information processing.
This aligns with the perspective of Van Harling and Martono .
, who asserted that critical thinkers possess the ability to analyze and evaluate information, formulate essential questions and issues, articulate these inquiries and challenges distinctly, gather and assess pertinent information utilizing abstract concepts, maintain open-mindedness, and communicate effectively.
Manurung et al.
asserted that critical thinkers had the ability to critique, interrogate, assess, and contemplate the knowledge acquired.
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Based on the description above, the researcher conducted a study entitled "The Effect of the Project-Based Learning Model Assisted by Blended Learning on the Critical Thinking Ability of Grade Vi Students of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh".
METHOD
This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat on April 2-May 14 in the even semester of the 2024/2025 school year.
The type of research used in this study is quasiexperimental design with a presetest-postest control group design.
The population in the study is all grade Vi students of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh for the 2024/2025 school year, which totals 4 classes.
The sampling technique in this study was taken randomly .
andom samplin.
Of the 4 classes taken, only 2 classes were taken as samples, 1 class as a control class and 1 more class as an experimental class.
Class Vi B was an experimental class with the treatment of the project-based learning model of blended learning, as many as 20 students, and class Vi A was a control class with the treatment of the conventional learning model, as many as 17 students.
The data collection technique of this research is testing questions in the form of pretest questions and posttest questions, the use of tests is carried out to measure the basic ability of achievement and achievement.
Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests.
The instruments used to collect data in this study are learning tools such as syllabus, learning implementation plan (RPP), student worksheets/LKS, and instruments containing written tests in the form of essays.
This written test consists of one type of question that is given as a pretest and posttest in the control and experimental classes.
The number and form of pre-test and post-test questions are 10 items of excretory system questions in humans in the form of essays.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Results Description of Research Data The description of the data presented in this study is data obtained from the results of student science with excretory system material in humans.
The results of this study were obtained from two different classes, namely class Vi-A as an experimental class by applying a project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning and class Vi-B as a control class by applying a conventional learning model at SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
The The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model Assisted By Blended Learning On The Critical Thinking Ability Of Grade Vi Students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat data that has been processed is data on student learning outcomes through evaluation activities before and after the science learning process, especially on human excretory system material.
The results of the descriptive analysis of the research are presented in Table 1 below.
Table 1.
Descriptive Analysis of Experimental Class and Control Class
Data
Total
Maximum score
Minimum score
Average Standard
Deviation Variance Value Experimental Class (Vi-A) Control Class (Vi-B) Pretest
Posttest
Pretest
Posttest
36,60
32,94
77,47
14,361
9,925
10,419
8,232
206,253
98,513
108,559
67,765
The pretest and posttest data of the experimental class presented in Table 1 shows that the average score of the experimental class pretest is 36.
60 and has increased in the implementation of the y posttest with an average score of 83.
2 with a total of 20 students.
The pretest and posttest data of the control class were described as 32.
94, and the implementation of the posttest increased to 77.
47, with a total of 17 students.
So, there is an increase in student learning outcomes in both experimental and control classes in science learning, especially in the excretory system material in humans in grade Vi of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
Data Analysis To find out whether the application of the project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning affects critical thinking and student learning outcomes on excretory system material in humans, an analysis will be carried out using the statistical technique of differential power test.
Before the differentiation test is carried out, the prerequisite tests must first be carried out in the form of normality tests and data homogeneity tests.
Uji Normalitas To find out whether the sample used comes from a normally distributed population or not, a normality test must be conducted on the data that has been collected.
This test was carried out using the pretest and posttest values of the experimental class and the control class, using the Shaphiro-Wilk method which was analyzed using the help of the IBM SPNormality TestSS PENTAGON- VOLUME.
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for Windows version 2.
2 application with a significant level of =0.
For the following decision-making A If the test results get a significance value of >0.
05, the data is declared to be normally A If the test results get a significance value of C0.
05, the data is declared to be normally The results of the data normality test are presented in the following Table 2.
Table 2.
Normality Test Results Class
Sample Significant Pre-test experiments Post-test experiments Pretest Control
Posttest Control
Lcount
0,05
0,139
0,055
0,136
0,060
Ltable 0,05 0,145 0,145 0,145 0,145 Based on the normality test results, the two samples, namely the experimental class and the control class, came from a population normally distributed because of the Lcount < Ltable.
In the experimental class, the values of Lcount pretest and posttest .
139 and 0.
< Ltable .
were obtained, and in the control class.
Lcal values of pretest and posttest .
136 and .
< Ltable .
were obtained.
Based on the results of the normality test using IBM SPSS for Windows version 2.
2, it can be found that the sample data of the pretest and posttest of the experimental class and the pretest and posttest of the control class have a significance value greater than =0.
The results of the normality test of the experimental class were 0.
139 and 0.
055 > 0.
05, while the normality test of the control class was 0.
136 and 0.
060 > 0.
So, it can be known that the sample data of the experimental and control classes is normally distributed.
Homogeneity Test After the sample is declared to be normally distributed, a homogeneity test will be carried out to determine whether the data from the research results has homogeneous or nonhomogeneous variants.
The results of the homogeneity test are shown in Table 3 below.
Table 3.
Homogeneity Test Results Data Pretest Number of Resonants Varians Fcount Ftable Conclusion Experimental Classes Control Classes 206,253 108,559 1,899 4,12 Homogeneous The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model Assisted By Blended Learning On The Critical Thinking Ability Of Grade Vi Students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat The results of the analysis of the similarity test of the two varieties with statistics using the Fisher Test (Test F) at a significant level of =0.
05 in the data of the pretest results with the variant of the experimental class = 206.
253 and the variant of the control class = 108.
gave the value of Fcount = 1.
899 and Ftable = 4.
This can indicate that Fcount < Ftable so that the samples used are proven to come from populations with the same variance or are Based on the output of the homogeneity test results from IBM SPSS for Windows 2 using the Levene test, the posttest significance value of the two classes is 0.
= 0.
Because the significance value is more than 0.
05, the students of the control and experimental classes come from populations that have the same variance, or the two classes are homogeneous, so they are suitable as research samples.
Hypothesis test The hypothesis test aims to compare the learning outcomes of students from the experimental class and the control class using the t-test with a level of =0.
The results of the hypothesis test are shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4.
Hypothesis Test Results Information Average Standard Deviation Number of Respondents Tcount Ttable Conclusion Experimental Classes Control Classes 77,47 9,925 8,232 1,898168 1,68957 Reject H0 and Accept H1 Based on the table, the data obtained by tcount .
> ttable .
accordance with the test criteria, if the tcount > ttable.
H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted.
To remind, the hypothesis in this study is as follows:
H0: There is no effect of the project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning on improving critical thinking and student learning outcomes on excretory system material in humans in grade Vi of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
H1: There is an effect of the project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning on improving critical thinking and student learning outcomes in human excretory system material in grade Vi of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
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Based on the test results.
Sig's posttest score was obtained.
-taile.
= 0.
002 with the level of research = 5% or 0.
That is the value of Sig.
-taile.
is smaller than the alpha value .
002 < 0.
, so according to the test criteria, the research hypothesis H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted.
So, it can be seen that there is an effect of the application of the projectbased learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning on the learning of science excretory system material in humans on the improvement of critical thinking and learning outcomes of grade Vi students of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
DISCUSSION
Based on the results of the research carried out at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat in April - May of the odd semester of the 2023/2024 school year with the sample used in this study, namely class Vi-A as an experimental class with a total of 20 students and class Vi-B as a control class with a total of 17 students through the application of a project-based learning (PjBL) learning model assisted by blended learning In the excretory system material in humans, there are differences in learning outcomes between the experimental class and the control class.
In the experimental class with excretory system material in humans through the project of making excretory system props in humans, in general, it shows that there is a real positive influence on the use of these treatments on the ability to think critically and improve the learning outcomes of grade Vi students, especially in science subjects.
This is evidenced by the results of the data analysis that has been carried out, showing that there is a significant difference in pretest and posttest learning between the experimental class and the control class conducted in class Vi of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
In class Vi-A as a treatment class or experimental class that applied the project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning through the manufacture of excretory system props in humans, it showed that the average result of the pretest with a score of 36.
60 then increased in the average result of the posttest with a score of 83.
Meanwhile, in class Vi-B as a control class through the application of conventional learning models, the average pretest result with a score of 32.
94 then increases in the average posttest with a score of 77.
The difference in the average scores of students in the experimental class and the control class is due to the fact that the experimental class, namely class Vi-A, uses a project-based learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning through a project to make excretory system props in humans in the learning process.
In contrast, the control class, namely class Vi-B, only uses the conventional learning model.
This proves that the application of the PjBL model in learning activities can improve learning and improve students' critical thinking skills in problem-solving The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model Assisted By Blended Learning On The Critical Thinking Ability Of Grade Vi Students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat activities through the investigation of a project so as to produce work (Setiawan et al.
, 2022.
Rengkuan et al.
, 2.
Grade Vi students of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh whose learning process is applied to the project-based learning (PjBL) model based on blended learning get better results because of the application of the project-based learning (PjBL) model combined with the creation of excretory system props in humans, where the PjBL model is a learning model that focuses on the main concepts and principles of a discipline because students are directly involved in problem-solving activities, providing opportunities for students to collaborate, arrange learning activities independently to be able to produce products in the form of valuable and realistic works (Auliah, 2023.
Rengkuan et al.
, 2.
In addition, the project of making excretory system teaching aids in humans can clarify information or learning messages so that it is more in-depth, through this project the level of critical thinking skills and learning motivation of students will also increase in addition to providing variety in learning activities so that students will understand the material being studied faster and easier (Amalia, 2019.
Rengkuan et al.
, 2.
Through the results of the study, it is proven that there is a difference in the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class (Vi-A) who use the projectbased learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning and the control class (Vi-B), which only uses the conventional learning model.
Through the results of hypothesis testing .
-tes.
where the tcount was obtained more significant than the ttable, namely 1.
898168 > 1.
68957 so that the results of the analysis showed that there was a very significant difference in student learning outcomes between the experimental class and the control class.
The results of the study of the T-test through SPSS for Windows version 2.
2 with a level of =0.
05 found that the significance value was 0.
which was less than 0.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the projectbased learning (PjBL) model assisted by blended learning through the manufacture of excretory system props in humans has a very significant influence on the improvement of critical thinking skills of grade Vi students at SMP Negeri 04 Paleleh Barat.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
The project-based learning (PjBL) learning model assisted by blended learning improves the critical thinking skills of grade Vi students of SMP Negeri 04 West Paleleh.
Based on the results of this conclusion, there are several suggestions put forward by the researchers, namely .
For Class Vi Science Teachers in the process of teaching excretory PENTAGON- VOLUME.
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system material in humans can apply the project-based learning (PjBL) learning model, .
Become input material for the science learning process in various units and levels of education, .
For researchers who will conduct research related to the influence of the project-based learning model (PjBL) is expected to analyze all forms of shortcomings in this research so that it can be used as a consideration in the future.
REFERENCES