Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SELECTING ORDER
TYPES USING THE SAW-AHP METHOD
MAHAPUTRA HIDAYAT, 2MAS NURUL HAMIDAH, 3RIZKY WAHYU PRASTYAWAN
Informatics Engineering Study Program.
Faculty of Engineering Bhayangkara University Ae Surabaya e-mail: 1mahaputra@ubhara.
id, 2nurul@ubhara.
id, 3rizkywahyu021014@gmail.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to make it easier for users to choose the type of orchid that is suitable for planting in the user's environmental conditions.
This research was conducted because there were many orchid enthusiasts who wanted to cultivate it but it was not balanced with knowledge of the characteristics of orchids that can live in ideal environmental conditions.
The SAW method plays a role in the initial classification where the results of the SAW method classification are sorted from the largest value to the smallest value, then the 10 best results from the SAW method will be processed by the AHP method and produce the final result, the recommended orchid.
The final result obtained in this system is in accordance with the manual calculations performed, this means that the system classifies rules properly and accordingly.
Keywords: Orchids.
SAW method.
AHP method.
INTRODUCTION
Orchid plants are very suitable for ornamental plants or for cultivation.
Thus, of course there are many fans of orchid plants, but not all know the types of orchids and how these orchids can survive in an ideal environment, especially with those who are still beginners, if they choose the wrong orchid plant for planting, the orchid plant will not survive and will cause losses this is because orchids have many types and all have their own characteristics to The method used in decision making in selecting suitable orchids is Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).
Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) has a basic concept by finding the weighted sum of the performance ratings for each alternative on all attributes (Fishburn, 1.
(Mac Crimson, 1.
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a special method of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) introduced by Thomas L.
Saaty.
AHP is very useful as a tool in decision-making analysis and has been used well in various fields such as forecasting, employee selection, product concept selection, and others.
Based on the description above, a system is needed that can be used to determine the suitable type of orchid and will provide shop recommendations by displaying the existing link so that users don't have to come to the flower shop by simply making online transactions.
The method to be used for the system to be built is the SAW-AHP method.
THEORETICAL BASIS
1 Decision Support System Decision Support System (DSS) is defined as a system that supports the work of a manager or a group of managers in solving semi-structured problems by providing information or suggestions for specific decisions (Hermawan, 2.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
54732/jeecs.
Available online at: https://ejournal.
id/index.
php/jeecs Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
2 SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is often known as the weighted addition method.
The basic concept of the SAW method is to find a weighted sum of the performance ratings for each alternative on all attributes (Fishburn, 1.
(MacCrimmon, 1.
SAW settlement steps as follows:
Determine the criteria that will be used as a reference in making decisions, namely Ci.
Determine the suitability rating of each alternative on each criterion.
Make a decision matrix based on the criteria (C.
, then normalize the matrix based on the equation that is adjusted to the type of attribute .
rofit attribute or cost attribut.
in order to obtain a normalized matrix R.
The final result is obtained from the ranking process, namely the sum of the multiplication of the normalized matrix R with the weight vector so that the largest value is chosen as the best alternative (A.
as a solution.
3 ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a general theory of measurement used to find ratio scales, both from discrete and continuous pairwise comparisons (Hadianti & Mubarok, 2.
The procedure or calculation steps in the AHP method include:
Defining the problem and determining the desired solution, then arranging a hierarchy of the problems at hand.
Organizing a hierarchy is the ability of humans to perceive objects and ideas, identify them, and communicate what they observe.
To obtain detailed knowledge, our minds organize complex reality into parts which become its main elements, and then this section is divided into parts again, and so on hierarchically (Saaty, 1.
Determine the priority of the elements The first step in determining element priority is to create a pair comparison The pairwise comparison matrix is filled in use numbers to represent the relative importance of one element to another.
Synthesis Considerations for pairwise comparisons are synthesized to obtain overall priority.
Measure consistency In making decisions, it is important to know how good the consistency is because we don't want judgmental decisions with low consistency.
The things that are done in this step are:
A Calculate the Consistency Index (CI) with the formula: CI = ( max-.
/ n.
Where n = number of elements A Calculate the Consistency Ratio (CR) with the formula: CR = CI / IR.
Where CR = Consistency Ratio.
CI = Consistency Index.
IR = Random Consistency Index.
Check the consistency of the hierarchy.
If the score is more than 10%, then the data judgment must be corrected.
However, if the consistency ratio (CI / IR) is less or equal to 0.
then the calculation results can be declared correct.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1 Problem Analysis Most users who are still unfamiliar with orchids but want to plant them for decoration or so are still confused about which orchids are suitable for planting in their environment, so the system that will be created aims to help users choose orchids according to existing environmental conditions.
2 Orchid plant Analysis The data used to compile this system are factors that can influence the growth of orchids and factors from users or prospective orchid voters, including height, temperature, light intensity, humidity, planting medium, and price.
3 Analysis of Criteria and Alternatives The data used to develop this decision support system are 6 criteria, 17 sub-criteria, and 25 alternatives.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
4 The Main Function of the System The main functions of the system to be created are:
Can determine the orchid plants according to the user's wishes Can provide shop recommendation information about orchid plants that have been determined by the system.
5 System Flowchart A flowchart is a chart with certain symbols that describe the process sequence in detail and the relationship between a process .
and other processes in a program.
In other words, this flowchart is a graphical description of the sequence of combined procedures that make up a system.
The following is a flowchart of the system to be made.
Figure 1.
Flowchart To carry out the classification process, the user selects the consultation menu then the user inputs the percentage value of the criteria as desired.
The percentage value will be processed by the SAW method and produce a ranking result from the largest to the smallest value.
The 10 best results of the ranking were taken and then continued Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
with the AHP method where the user compiled the importance value of the criteria and sub-criteria, after being processed by the AHP method, the recommended orchid results would be obtained.
6 Entity Relationship Diagram Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is a technique used to model the data needs of an organization, usually by System Analysis in the analysis phase of system development project requirements.
The following is the ERD of the system to be created.
Figure 2.
ERD
7 Data Flow Diagram Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) or Data Flow Diagrams (DAD) are diagrams that use notations to describe the flow of data in a system or explain the work processes of a system, whose use is very helpful for understanding the system logically, structured and clearly.
1 Context Diagram Context diagram is a diagram that consists of a process and describes the scope of a system.
The following is a Context Diagram of the system to be created.
Figure 3.
Context Diagram 2 DFD Level 1 DFD Level 1 is a DFD made with the results of the decomposition of the Context Diagram (DFD Level .
DFD Level 1 aims to provide a deeper view of the entire system.
The following is DFD Level 1 of the system to be Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 4.
DFD Level 1
INTERFACE IMPLEMENTATION
User Interface (User Interfac.
is a communication mechanism between the user .
and the system.
The user interface (User Interfac.
can receive information from the user .
and provide information to the user .
to help direct the path of tracking problems until a solution is found.
Main User Page The main user page is the initial view of the system that will be created which is intended for users or users.
Users can only access the consultation menu, the login menu is for admins.
Figure 5.
User Main Page Display Admin Main Page The main admin page is the initial display of the system that will be created which is for admins.
On this page the admin can process data such as adding, deleting or changing orchid data, criteria, sub-criteria and shop recommendations and can compile rules on the master data menu.
And also can carry out consultations with the aim of checking whether the calculations carried out by the system are appropriate or not.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 6.
Admin Main Page Display Consultation page The consultation page is a display of the consultation menu.
Serves to carry out consultations about suitable orchids to be selected by filling in the importance of each criterion and selecting the sub-criteria according to your Figure 7.
Consultation page
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1 System Testing The purpose of this test is to determine whether the results issued are in accordance with the results of user input and the results of manual calculations of each method used in the system.
At the testing stage, it is done by manual calculation of each method with a different input value, and at the analysis stage the test is carried out with a system that has been made with the input value based on the Testing stage.
2 Testing The test is carried out by inputting weights to the SAW method with a weighted value for the Altitude Criteria of 50 and the Price Criteria of 50, which means that these two criteria are considered important and ignore other criteria.
On Table 1 represents the SAW method process and the 10 best results issued.
The 10 best results from the SAW method will be processed by the AHP method.
The input value and the pairwise comparison matrix in the AHP method can be seen in table 2.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Table 2.
Pairwise Comparison Matrix Criteria AHP Method Table 2 is a matrix of pairwise comparison of criteria, the next process is to calculate the priority value and determine the consistency value which includes the values of max.
CI, and CR.
For brevity, the consistency value has been calculated and the results include maks = 1.
CI = -0.
CR = -0.
CR value <0.
1, which means that the input value in table 2 is CONSISTENT.
Table 3.
Pairwise Comparison Matrix for Altitude Subcriteria for AHP Method Table 4.
Normalization Matrix for Altitude Sub-Criteria AHP Method Table 5.
Matrix Pairwise Comparison of Temperature Sub-Criteria AHP Method Table 6.
Normalization Matrix for Temperature Sub-criteria AHP Method Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Table 7.
Sub-criteria Pairwise Comparison Matrix I.
Light AHP Method Table 8.
Sub-criteria Normalization Matrix I.
Light AHP Method Table 9.
Matrix Pairwise Comparison of M.
Growing Subcriteria AHP Method Table 10.
Normalization Matrix of Sub-Criteria M.
Growing AHP Method Table 11 Matrix Pairwise Comparison of Price Subcriteria for AHP Method Table 12 Normalization Matrix of Price Sub-Criteria AHP Method In tables 3 - 12, the sub-criteria input value and the priority value of each sub-criteria will be used to calculate the final result.
The next step is to calculate the final result where the best 10 results from the SAW method will be processed so that later the highest value will be obtained which is the recommended orchid.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Tabel 13.
Rules of the 10 Best Results of the SAW Method Table 14.
Calculation of Final Results Table 13 lists orchids that are included in the 10 best results from the SAW method and their characteristics.
Table 14 is the end of the AHP method process where the 10 best results of the SAW method are calculated by multiplying the priority value of the criteria with the priority value of the sub-criteria according to the rules that have been compiled.
To determine the recommendation results, by looking at the highest value in the column of numbers, in Table 14 the highest value is owned by the Dendrobium Discolor orchid with a value of 0.
3 Testing Analysis The test analysis is carried out using a system that has been created based on the above tests.
The purpose of this test analysis is to measure the level of system suitability with manual calculation tests that have been carried Based on table 1 at the testing stage, testing was carried out with the system that had been created, and the results can be seen in Figure 8.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 8.
The SAW Method Test Results Table 15.
SAW Method In table 1, the weight value input process is carried out and the calculation results are also listed in table 1, in Figure 8 the system process results are based on the weight values in table 1 and the results obtained are similar to It can be concluded that the level of suitability for the SAW method is appropriate.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 9.
The Results of Testing Criteria for the AHP Method In Figure 9, the results of the calculation of the consistency value of the criteria in which the value of interest are inputted are based on table 2.
The results obtained are the value of CR = -0.
695 and are in accordance with the previous explanation after table 2.
It can be concluded that the test results are the level of conformity of the calculation criteria the AHP method is appropriate.
Figure 10.
Results of Altitude Sub-Criteria Testing for the AHP Method Figure 11.
Results of the AHP Method Temperature Sub-Criteria Test Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 12.
The results of testing the light intensity of the AHP method Figure 13.
Results of Testing for Growing Media with AHP Method Figure 14.
The Results of Testing the Price Sub-Criteria AHP Method In Figures 10-14 are the results obtained from the system process carried out by inputting the value of the interest of the sub-criteria based on tables 3-12.
The results obtained are in accordance with the results of manual calculations in tables 3-12.
AHP method subcriteria is appropriate.
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol.
Issue 2.
December 2020
ISSN: 2528-0260
Figure 15.
Final Result of AHP Method Calculation Figure 15 is the final result of the AHP method process obtained.
The results obtained are in accordance with the highest value in table 14, namely 0.
568 where this value is owned by the Dendrobium Discolor Orchid.
the SAW method the weight values that are filled are in the Altitude and Price criteria and the value input in the Altitude sub-criteria prefers the Medium category, the Temperature sub-criteria prefers Heat, the Light Intensity subcriteria prefers Medium and the Price sub-criteria prefers the Medium category.
This is in accordance with the rule of Dendrobium Discolor orchids where Altitude = Medium.
Temperature = Heat.
Light Intensity = Medium and Price = Medium.
It can be concluded that the suitability level of the overall process of the system is appropriate.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
1 Conclusion Based on the rules that have been formulated in the Decision Support System for Choosing the Types of Orchid Plants Using the SAW-AHP Method, the following conclusions can be drawn:
The process in the system, the SAW method first classifies the data by considering the value of the criteria only, then the classification process is carried out using the AHP method which considers the criteria and sub-criteria values which produce more accurate results.
Based on the test results, the results of the classification of the SAW method and the AHP method can be concluded that in accordance with manual calculations carried out with the stages of each method used.
2 Suggestion After going through the evaluation process, there are suggestions that can be considered to develop a Decision Support System for Choosing Orchid Plants Using the SAW-AHP Method, including:
It is recommended that users before conducting a consultation are expected to read the explanation first on the Home page so that users can better understand using this application.
It is necessary to update this application if a new type of orchid has been found, it should be added as a new
REFERENCE