Jurnal Komunikasi ISKI.
Vol.
, 2025
KOMUNIKASI
E-ISSN: 2503-0795
P-ISSN: 2548-8740
IKATAN SARJANA KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution http://dx.
org/10.
25008/jkiski.
Yeni Nuraeni1*.
Tunggadewi Ratu Wardhani1 Faculty of Communication Science.
Unversitas Gunadarma Jln.
Margonda Raya No.
Depok 16424.
Indonesia *Corresponding Author: ynuraeni@staff.
Submitted: September 23, 2025.
Revised: December 17, 2025.
Accepted: December 18, 2025 Accredited by Kemristekdikti No.
152/E/KPT/2023 until Vol 12.
in 2027 Abstract - Nusakambangan correctional institution is one of the implementers of the food security This program not only achieves food self-sufficiency but also has succeeded in providing better and positive phenomenon.
Research purpose to examine the role of communication management and implementation of planned behavioral theory achieving inmates self reliance and successful social reintegration through the food security program.
Using a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation.
Eight inmates actively participated supported by correctional institution officers in three sectors: agriculture, livestock farming and The findings of this study indicate that interactional communication and the integration of communication management with planned of behavior can explain important aspects for the success of the program.
Communication management through: planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling functions, as well as the implementation of planned behavioral through: attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intentions and actual behavior, can create synergy between correctional institution officers and inmates.
The conclusion explains that the success program is not only seen from a technical perspective but also integration communication management and implementation planned of behavior, which can realize inmates self reliance and successful social reintegration when returning to society.
The implications of this research are Organizational Factors: effective communication, coordination, and positive institutional image.
Behavioral Factors: development of positive inmate attitudes, strengthening productive work norms and improving self-control.
Self Reliance Factors: skills development, open economic opportunities and greater confidence in achieving social reintegration upon returning to society.
Keywords: Communication.
Food Security.
Inmates.
Nusakambangan.
Planned of Behavior Introduction The Food Security Program constitutes one of Indonesia's national priorities in realizing food sovereignty and self-sufficiency.
This program encompasses a series of policies, activities, and efforts undertaken by the government or institutions to ensure the adequate, safe, nutritious, and sustainable availability, accessibility, and consumption of food for the entire population.
Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
Vol.
, 2025, 467-480
According to the Indonesian Dictionary .
, ketahanan .
ecurity/resilienc.
means a state of endurance or durability, while pangan .
refers to all items consumed as sustenance, such as rice, cassava, and bread, which function as sources of energy and physical growth.
The National Food Agency (Badan Pangan Nasional or Bapanas, .
explained that its focus is on efforts to maintain stable food inflation through policies such as optimizing the distribution of SPHP (Stabilization of Food Supply and Price.
rice, implementing the rice food assistance program, and enhancing the Affordable Food Movement (Gerakan Pangan Murah or GPM).
President Prabowo Subianto initiated the vision of national food security as a priority, which was then followed up by the Ministry of Immigration and Corrections.
The Minister of Immigration and Corrections.
Agus Andrianto, played an active role by launching 13 Correctional Acceleration Programs, including a food security program, to empower a revolution and transform prisons into production centers.
To support the food security program, various institutions have begun taking action, including correctional facilities .
These institutions are starting to integrate the concept of food security into their inmate rehabilitation programs.
One such implementation can be found at the Nusakambangan correctional facility, which has utilized the potential of its land and inmate labor to support productive agricultural and plantation activities, livestock farming activities and fisheries activities.
The food security program is a highly effective solution for inmates self reliance and social reintegration Herwina et al.
Strengthening individual resilience through self-reliance development programs implemented in prisons has an impact on the stronger level of trust, spirituality, internal control and external control.
Reintegration is not merely a policy outcome but an existential journey of reclaiming humanity, emphasizing the moral and relational dimensions of justice reform (Widuri, 2.
This research is important to see the implementation of symbolic interactional communication in order to eliminate the stigma of the gap between correctional institution officers and inmates also as beginning of the implementation of communication management in the socialization of work programs and to see the process of changing inmates' attitudes to be more positive through communication psychology using behavioral planning theory.
The study integrates communication management and planned of behavior to determine the benefits and sustainability of the food security However, implementing a program is not easy, the phenomenon of lack of concern, lack of support from officers and family, lack of self-reliance are challenges that must be addressed It requires serious preparation, including communication, coordination, and harmonization between correctional institution officers and participating inmates.
To ensure smooth and successful activities, communication management is required, encompassing a comprehensive planning, organizing, implementation, and control process.
The theory of planned behavior is also needed to examine the intentions, self-motivation, and attitude changes of inmates participating in the program.
These stages include attitude formation, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, all of which influence inmates' intentions and actions.
Several references are needed to see studies that have been conducted.
The First previous Innovative methods of providing food security of the penitentiary system (Firsova et al.
The article considers the advantages of using information and communication technologies in crop production and defines ways to optimize costs and reduce budget expenditures on food provision for convicts.
Second.
Analysis of Implementation of Self-Reliance Development Policy Work Guidance for Correctional Families (Hestiriniah, 2.
The implementation of the policy of fostering self reliance of work guidance has not been able to return convicts to the community by providing life provisions in the form of work skills.
Third.
Implementation of the Agricultural and Fisheries Independence Program to Support Food Security at the Madiun Youth Correctional Institution (Prahastomo, 2.
This study describe the activities of the agricultural and fisheries self reliance program at the Madiun Youth Prison and identify the challenges encountered during its implementation.
Fourth.
Evaluation of The Pilot Project Impleme ntation in Enhancing the Quality of Agricultural Self Sufficiency Development at Karawang Correctional Institution (Faisal et al.
The results indicate that the agricultural pilot project has been implemented but faces several challenges, such as limited resources, inadequate facilities, and a lack of motivation among the inmates.
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
Vol.
, 2025, 467-480
Based on the research background and a description of the gaps in previous research, this research aims to find answers the following questions: .
How is the implementation of communication management between correctional institution officers and inmates supporting self reliance and social reintegration through food security programs at the Nusakambangan correctional .
How is the implementation Planned of Behavior factors explain changes inmates attitudes supporting self reliance and social reintegration through food security programs at the Nusakambangan correctional institution? Previous research has described technological advantages in food production, evaluated general policies, described pilot programs in correctional facilities, and identified operational challenges .
esources, facilities, motivatio.
Although they identified lack of motivation as a problem, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored, and no one has used the integrated theoretical lenses of communication management and the theory of planned behavior to analyze and explain the factors that influence inmates' success in food security programs toward the ultimate goal of self reliance and social reintegration.
This study limited to the food security program involving eight inmates actively participating in three sectors: agriculture, farming, and fisheries.
Indeed, this research intends to purpose the role of communication management and the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior on changing the attitudes of inmates actively participating in the food security program at Nusakambangan correctional institution by observing the process of positive behavioral change to achieve self reliance and prepare for successful social reintegration.
The purpose of this research that related about communication are symbolic interpersonal communication, communication management and communication psychology.
Theoretical Framework Lunenburg defines communication as Authe process of transmitting information and shared understanding from one person to another.
Ay This definition emphasizes that effective communication occurs when there is shared understanding (Lunenburg, 2.
Interpersonal communication plays a role in completing skills-based rehabilitation programs aimed self reliance (Setiawan et al.
Emphasizes understanding communication from various theoretical perspectives and communication contexts (Littlejohn, 2.
For example, the early chapters introduce the elements of the communication model .
ommunicator, message, medium, and beyond-human communicatio.
, then continue with communication contexts such as interpersonal relationships, organizations, culture, and even health and technology.
Through basic symbolic interactional communication by integrating communication management and behavioral plans, it can provide a good explanation of the success of food security program in Nusakambangan prison.
According to Robbins & Culter .
, "Communication is the transfer and understanding of meaning".
Communication is the process of conveying and understanding meaning.
Cornelissen .
states, "Communication is the process by which individuals and organizations exchange information, build meaning, and develop relationships with key stakeholders to achieve organizational goals".
Communication is the process through which individuals and organizations exchange information and construct meaning in order to build relationships with stakeholders and achieve Clampitt .
emphasizes that, "Communication is not just about information delivery it is about creating shared understanding and managing meaning in a complex environment".
Thus, communication goes beyond merely delivering information it involves building shared understanding and managing meaning within a complex setting.
Symbolic interactional communication theory: The mind is understood as a process of interpreting symbols that continually evolves within a changing social context.
The self is an identity continually negotiated through roles, interactions, and social meanings.
Society is a network of social relationships formed from symbolic interactions between individuals (Poerana, et al.
Correctional institution Mind Self Society Inmates Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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, 2025, 467-480
Chart 1.
Communication Interactional Symbolic Communication management in building organizational resilience depends on the integration of five key elements: stakeholder communication, organizational communication, crisis communication, corporate communication & PR, and CSR communication (Settembre-Blundo,et al.
Communication management is the arrangement of the communication process so that it takes place effectively and efficiently in order to achieve predetermined goals (Effendy, 2.
According to Liliweri .
, communication management is the process of planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating message delivery to achieve effective communication within an organization, focus on Planning.
Organizing.
Actuating.
Controlling in communication (Cutlip et al.
communication management is a planned process that includes the planning, execution, and evaluation of communication in order to achieve organizational goals.
In the context of correctional institutions, effective communication is key to conveying program objectives, building trust, and fostering engagement (Robbins & Judge, 2.
Communication organization: vertical and horizontal communication are running well, information flows in both directions, minimum message distortion, responsiveness to internal Communication planning involves determining communication goals, identifying target audiences, formulating key messages, and selecting appropriate channels or media.
Cornelissen .
states: "Communication planning is the process of identifying key stakeholders, defining strategic messaging, and aligning communication goals with organizational objectives.
" This highlights that communication management is a strategic process of identifying stakeholders, crafting strategic messages, and aligning communication goals with broader organizational aims.
Communication management is essentially the strategic alignment of communication processes and content with organizational objectives.
It includes planning, execution, and evaluation of communications aimed at building and maintaining relationships with key stakeholders.
This study confirms the community psychology principle that community engagement in message communication planning is critical to ensuring cultural relevance and higher returns, leading to sustainable behavior change and strengthening internal community capacity (Setz & Kapenovic.
Communication psychology is a science that attempts to describe, predict, and control mental and behavioral events in communication (Rakhmat, 2.
The social support inmates receive from the prison community and their families is an important predictor of their resilience.
These findings emphasize that effective rehabilitation must involve building a social support system, which is a direct application of community psychology principles (Gultom, 2.
Communication psychology is related to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) because the TPB describes how communication .
hrough attitudes, norms, and behavioral contro.
influences the formation of intentions and, ultimately, individual behavior, making it an important tool in predicting and influencing actions through messages and interactions.
The relationship between communication psychology and the TPB is clearly seen in the way information and interactions shape the three core components of the TPB: Forming Attitudes.
Influencing Subjective Norms.
Building or Inhibiting Behavioral Control.
Influencing Behavioral Intentions.
Ajzen's main principle is that intention is the proximal .
determinant of intentional.
Behavior (Bosnjak et al.
Theory of Planned Behavior developed in 2020 suggests that human behavior is influenced by intentions formed through: Attitude Ae an individual's assessment of an Subjective Norm Ae perceived social pressure.
Perceived Behavioral Control, the perception of the ease or difficulty of carrying out the behavior.
Bambang Arianto & Gazali .
, explain in their book that presents a comprehensive explanation of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) developed by Icek Ajzen, explaining the three main components: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control.
It is also emphasized that the control aspect not only influences intention but can have a direct impact on behavior.
The exploration in this book includes the application of TPB in various study contexts such as marketing, management, health, and consumer behavior, this shows broad relevance and conveys new developments and approaches that are currently undergoing significant changes in TPB research.
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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Figure 1.
Theory of Planned Behavior Ajzen's .
Family and social support are the most crucial factors in successful reintegration.
Former inmates with strong support networks tend to have lower rates of recidivism .
(Bushway & Apel, 2.
According to Government Regulation No.
9/2008, social reintegration is the return of witnesses or victims to a protective environment.
Government Regulation No.
78/2021, social reintegration is preparing children under special protection to return to their families and Inmates are individuals within the correctional system, including prisoners, juveniles, and correctional clients, as stipulated in Law number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections.
Desmita .
said that.
Self Reliance is the ability to counting on yourself, to think, feel, to make decisions and be responsible for the actions taken.
Self Reliance indicators are: ability to make independent decisions, confidence in oneAos own abilities, responsibility for oneAos actions, selfdiscipline, initiative, emotional and social independence (Gulo et al.
, 2.
Self Reliance of correctional inmates is the ability of prisoners or Correctional Inmates to develop technical and soft skills that enable them to be economically, socially, and psychologically independent upon their return to society or reintegration, this is achieved through vocational, entrepreneurship, or work skills-based development programs in prisons and detention centers such as certified electrical installation training in programs Tobelo Prison (Ditjenpas, 2.
, skills training such as brick production and plant care in Parigi Prison and industry-based independence in Cikarang and Karawang Prisons which collectively emphasize self-empowerment rather than simply being a prison inmate (Ditjenpas, 2.
Nusakambangan is known as AuIndonesiaAos AlcatrazAy due to its remote location and highsecurity system.
The island has functioned as a site for prisons since the early 1900s during the Dutch colonial period and continues to serve that purpose today.
There are 11 active correctional facilities on the island, including minimum-security, medium-security (Permisan.
Kembang Kunin.
, maximumsecurity (Besi.
Narkotik.
, and super-maximum-security prisons (Batu.
Pasir Putih.
Karanganya.
Three new prisons Gladakan.
Ngaseman, and Nirbaya have been in operation since 2023, each with a capacity of 256 to 288 inmates.
These facilities focus on housing high-risk inmates and help reduce overcrowding in other prisons.
The development of new correctional facilities continues under the AuSmart PrisonAy concept, as seen in the construction of Lapas Kumbang.
According to FAO .
AuFood security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
Ay This means that food security exists when all individuals, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food necessary for a healthy life.
IndonesiaAos Law No.
18 of 2012 on Food, food security is defined as Aua condition in which food is sufficiently fulfilled for the state down to the individual level, as reflected in the availability of adequate food in quantity and quality safe, nutritious, evenly distributed, and affordable.
Ay.
The objectives of the Food Security Program include: Increasing national food production.
Ensuring equitable distribution and access to food.
Reducing dependence on food imports.
Supporting public nutrition.
Building local-based food self-sufficiency.
The core components of food security are:
Availability Sufficient food production.
Accessibility Food can be obtained or purchased by all parties.
Utilization Food is consumed in a healthy and nutritious manner.
Stability Ae Food access is not disrupted by disasters, inflation, or conflict.
The initiator of the Food Security Program within correctional institutions is the Minister of Immigration and Correctional Affairs (Imipa.
General Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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(Ret.
) Agus Andrianto, as part of the 13 Acceleration Programs of the Ministry of Immigration and Correctional Affairs, which support the Astacita vision of President Prabowo Subianto.
The purpose of the program is to transform Nusakambangan into a food security hub by optimizing land use and production, in line with the national mission of Astacita and the objectives of the Directorate General of Corrections.
Through this program, inmates are equipped with agricultural, livestock, and aquaculture skills to support their social and economic reintegration upon The output of the food security program will be used to meet the internal food needs of the correctional facilities, while a portion will be sold to public markets as a foundation for a sustainable income-generating program.
Material and Methodology This study employs a qualitative research method.
According to Moleong .
, qualitative research aims to understand the phenomena experienced by research subjects holistically through descriptions in the form of words and language, within a natural and specific context.
Data collection techniques in this qualitative methodology include: In-depth interviews with correctional officers and inmates, direct observation of food security activities, and documentation of activities and program implementation.
This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a single case study design.
Merriam .
classifies case studies into three main types: descriptive, interpretive, and evaluative.
A case study is an in-depth investigation of a single 'case': a program, event, activity, process, or group of individuals The paradigm adopted in this study is the constructivist paradigm.
Creswell .
The constructivist paradigm assumes that individuals develop subjective meanings of their experiences meanings directed toward certain objects or things.
Researchers rely as much as possible on the participantsAo views of the situation.
The constructivist paradigm is based on the assumption that meaning is constructed through social interaction and personal experience.
In the context of correctional facilities, this means understanding how inmates perceive and make sense of their involvement in the food security program.
Head of correctional institution Nusakambangan always caring and attentive to every activity in Nusakambangan correctional institution assisted by section chief binadik and correctional instituion officers are ready to implement the food security program to help realize inmates self reliance and successful social reintegration.
Result and Discussion Implementation of Communication Management During Program Socialization Planning: Determining appropriate communication methods .
ace-to-face meetings, brochures, videos, informal approache.
, identifying initial target groups of inmates for early involvement .
ilot At this stage, inmates begin to form expectations, asking: WhatAos in it for me? They consider whether participating in the program will benefit their future through sentence reductions, skill development, or reintegration support.
Organizing: Deciding who delivers the material .
orrectional officers, agricultural extension workers, correctional counselor.
, preparing logistics .
ooms, visual aids, attendance list.
Inmates are organized into small groups to receive information in turns.
Coordination with housing blocks or rooms is conducted to arrange rotating participation.
Actuating (Implementatio.
: Direct program socialization is conducted: answering questions, providing motivation, and presenting the programAos vision.
Inmates listen, ask questions, express interest or skepticism.
Some begin registering or show signs of engagement.
Controlling (Monitoring & Evaluatio.
: Evaluating the effectiveness of the socialization process: number of participants, the nature of their responses, and re-evaluating approaches if interest is low.
Informal feedback is collectedAiwhether inmates are interested, confused, or skeptical.
Some inmates start discussing similar past programs they have joined, sharing insights and experiences.
Implementation of Communication Management During Program Activities Planning: Creating crop plans based on plant types, land availability, and appropriate seasons.
Developing inmatesAo work schedules and defining expected outputs .
arvest targets, evaluations.
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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follow- up trainin.
Inmates begin planning their time, energy, physical and mental readiness for longterm work, while ensuring sufficient rest for prayer, meals, and personal needs.
Organizing: Assigning roles among prison staff for supervision, training, and output Inmates are grouped based on skills .
lanting, harvesting, fertilizing, etc.
Work teams are formed .
, digging, seedling, harvestin.
Coordination is established among different functional groups .
griculture, livestock, aquaculture, etc.
Actuating (Implementatio.
: Conducting hands-on training either directly by staff or through external partners from the agricultural department or polytechnic institutions.
Supervision is ongoing during farming, aquaculture, and other work activities.
Inmates carry out tasks according to their assigned roles such as soil preparation, planting, watering, and harvesting.
They apply the knowledge taught and demonstrate discipline in their responsibilities.
Controlling (Monitoring & Evaluatio.
: Daily, weekly, and monthly performance is evaluated.
A reward and punishment system is implemented to encourage motivation through sentence reductions, bonuses, or formal appreciation.
Inmates assess their own performance, engage in selfreflection, and receive feedback from officers.
Techniques, procedures, or task execution are refined where needed.
Overall, the application of communication management in the Food Security Program has become systematic, measurable, and sustainable.
Correctional staff act as managers and facilitators Inmates become active subjects in the social rehabilitation process.
This structured approach not only enhances the effectiveness of the program but also fosters inmate autonomy and skills that support their reintegration into society.
Implementation Aligned with the Theory of Planned Behavior Attitude (Attitude Toward the Behavio.
: Correctional officers perceive the Food Security Program as a positive initiative, contributing to increased productivity, inmate self-reliance, and the improvement of the institutionAos image.
They believe the program provides valuable preparation for inmates' social reintegration.
Inmates also believe that officer involvement is meaningful and They enthusiastically participate because the program offers knowledge and practical skills .
, farming or animal husbandr.
and may lead to sentence reductions for those who show good behavior and commitment.
Subjective Norms: Correctional staff feel supported by superiors, colleagues, and the broader community, which strengthens their motivation to implement the program effectively.
Inmates observe that fellow inmates, officers, and family members encourage their participation.
This social approval builds a perception that joining the food security program is commendable and worthwhile, thereby increasing their enthusiasm and intention to participate.
Perceived Behavioral Control: Correctional officers feel capable and confident in implementing the program when they have access to adequate facilities, training, and institutional This enhances their ability to manage land, logistics, and inmate participation effectively.
Inmates also feel capable when given access to proper training, decent working conditions, and fair These factors strengthen their self-efficacy and belief that they can contribute meaningfully and succeed within the program.
Intention: Officers at Nusakambangan have a strong and sincere intention to guide, train, supervise, and develop the program in a sustainable manner.
Inmates express strong intentions to actively participate, maintain discipline, and complete the training, which motivates them to become more productive and self-reliant.
Behavior (Actual Behavio.
: Correctional officers wholeheartedly act as active facilitators providing training, coaching, supervision, and setting harvest targets.
Inmates demonstrate genuine enthusiasm and active participation in planting, maintenance, harvesting, and even in cooperative management of the programAos yields.
Practical Example: A correctional officer witnesses the first successful harvest of the food security program, which is praised by superiors .
eflecting strong subjective norm.
This motivates the officer further and boosts their confidence to continue expanding the program for example, by developing new agricultural plots.
An inmate who has gained farming experience through the program and is told that the produce can be sent to their family or saved as future capital in a dedicated savings account, is likely to develop a positive attitude and a strong intention to continue Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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, 2025, 467-480
participating fueled by hope for a better future.
This mindset leads to their willing and sustained involvement in the program.
Implementations Self Reliance Ability to make independent decisions: Inmates choose which crops or livestock to cultivate based on environmental conditions and market potential.
For example, they decide to grow chili peppers due to short harvest periods and easy sales.
Confidence in oneAos own abilities: Inmates willingly try organic farming techniques even without prior experience, believing they can learn succeed.
Responsibility for oneAos actions, inmate is responsible for their own garden or livestock.
When crop failure occurs, they evaluate and correct their mistakes instead of blaming others.
Self-discipline: Inmates consistently follow schedules such as watering plants daily, fertilizing on time, and taking care of crops/animals regularly.
Initiative.
Inmates take the initiative to improve productivity, for example by producing compost from kitchen waste without being told.
Emotional and social independence: Inmates are able to work independently without constantly relying on staff supervision or emotional support, and they remain.
Through basic symbolic interactional communication by integrating communication management and planned of behavior, it can provide a good explanation of the success of the food security program in Nusakambangan conrrectional institution.
The Food security program supports the inmates path toward self-reliance, serving as valuable preparation for positive social reintegration.
This is made possible through the following efforts implementation of effective communication management, realized through.
Planning: Designing planting plans according to crop types, land use, and seasonal suitability, establishing inmates' work schedules and setting clear output targets.
Organizing: Assigning responsibilities among prison officers in areas such as supervision, training, and record-keeping.
Inmates are grouped based on skills planting, harvesting, fertilizing, etc Actuating or Execution: Delivering training either directly or in collaboration with partners from agricultural departments or vocational polytechnics, supervising fieldwork in agriculture, offering motivation, promotion, and constructive feedback throughout the program.
Controlling or Monitoring & Evaluation: Regular evaluations daily, weekly, monthly.
Implementing a reward and punishment system for example sentence reductions, bonuses, formal recognition, ensuring that harvest outputs are recorded and utilized according to procedures.
Implementation Attitude Toward the Behavior to know that inmates believe that the officersAo involvement is highly supportive, and they are motivated to participate as the program provides valuable knowledge and skills for agriculture and plantation, livestock farming and fisheries, and offers opportunities for sentence reduction for those who demonstrate good behavior and personal Subjective Norms: Inmates perceive strong support from fellow inmates, staff, and families.
This social encouragement leads to the belief that joining the program is both beneficial and a source of pride, reinforcing their motivation and intention to participate.
Perceived Behavioral Control: Inmates feel confident in their ability to succeed if given access to proper training, decent working land, and fair treatment from officers fostering a sense of belief in their capacity to contribute and succeed.
Intention: Inmates exhibit strong intent to actively engage in the program, maintain discipline, and complete training that will enhance their productivity and independence.
Behavior (Actual Behavio.
: Inmates enthusiastically participate in planting, maintenance, harvesting, and are involved in managing the outcomes through cooperative enterprises within the This integrated implementation of communication management and plan of behavioral theory reflects a systematic, measurable, and sustainable approach, positioning correctional institutions not only as places of punishment, but as centers for rehabilitation, effective communication and coordination between correctional institution officers and inmates in realizing self reliance and social Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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Implementation documentation of Food Security Program of Nusakambangan area Figure 2.
Rice cultivation .
ource Ditjenpa.
Agriculture and Plantation: The available paddy field area at the Nusakambangan Open Prison 1 hectares, of which 4 hectares are currently planted.
One hectare is still under land preparation, and the remaining 2.
1 hectares have completed land clearing.
Food security activities on the rice fields consist of removing weeds and repelling rice pests.
There are four workers assigned to the task.
Agricultural sector inmates are enthusiastic about carrying out agricultural activities and hope to become farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Figure 3.
Corn Cultivation .
ource Ditjenpa.
Corn Cultivation at the Open Prison of Nusakambangan covers a total area of 3.
7 hectares.
The progress of the food security program in corn farming includes plant care activities such as watering, weeding around the corn plants to prevent growth disruption, and land management in preparation for The farming is carried out by five inmate workers.
Corn plantation sector inmates are enthusiastic about carrying out corn plantation activities and hope to become corn farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
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, 2025, 467-480
Figure 4.
Vegetble Cultivation .
ource Ditjenpa.
The land area managed by the Nusakambangan Open Prison spans 1 hectare, and land clearingAithat is, the removal of vegetation to prepare the land for plantingAihas been completed.
The plot is currently cultivated with long beans, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and cassava.
The food security efforts in the vegetable plantation include plant maintenance activities such as watering and removing weeds around the crops so as not to disrupt their growth.
There are currently three workers involved.
Inmates in the vegetable sector are enthusiastic about carrying out agricultural activities and hope to become vegetable farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Figure 5.
Chicken Cultivation .
ource Ditjenpa.
Livestock Farming: Layer Chicken Farming at the Open Prison of Nusakambangan is conducted on a land area of 1,288 square meters, with a capacity of 5,000 chickens.
The food security initiative in poultry farming involves daily feeding and cage cleaning every two day The workforce consists of three inmates.
On August 3rd, 2025, the egg production reached 2,166 eggs.
Inmates working in the chicken farming sector are enthusiastic about carrying out livestock activities and hope to become chicken farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
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Figure 6.
Duck Cultivation .
ource Ditjenpa.
Duck Farming at Nusakambangan Prison has shown promising results, with a total of 2,532 ducks recorded as of August 3rd, 2025.
The progress of the food security program in duck farming includes daily feeding and cleaning of the enclosures.
The operation is managed by four inmate workers.
Inmates working in the duck farming sector are enthusiastic about carrying out livestock activities and hope to become duck farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Figure 7.
Cattle & Bufallo Farming .
ource Ditjenpas The cattle farm at the Nusakambangan Open Prison is situated in a 70 mA enclosure.
The livestock comprises 23 Ongole (PO) cattle, 37 Bali cattle, and 4 water buffaloes.
The food security efforts include maintaining the cattle and buffaloes, such as mowing grass for feed, providing feed, and ensuring the cleanliness of the enclosure.
Currently, there are six workers assigned to the task.
Inmates working in the cattle & bufallo farming sector are enthusiastic about carrying out livestock activities and hope to become cattle & bufallo farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
Vol.
, 2025, 467-480
Figure 8.
Fish Cultivaion .
ource Ditjenpa.
Fisheries: Fish Farming at the Open Prison of Nusakambangan is carried out in a 700 square meter pond, cultivating tilapia and pomfret.
The progress of the food security program in aquaculture includes fish feeding, pond maintenance and water quality The farming activities are managed by two inmate workers.
Inmates working in the fisheries sector are enthusiastic about carrying out fisheries activities and hope to become fish farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional institution.
Figure 9.
Shrimp Farming .
ource Ditjenpa.
Vannamei Shrimp Ponds at the Open Prison of Nusakambangan consist of two ponds:
the western pond, covering 1.
5 hectares, operated in collaboration with PT.
Noerman Jaya Abadi, and the eastern pond, covering 1 hectare, in partnership with PT.
Alur Cerita Mampang.
The progress of the food security program in shrimp farming involves shrimp seed care and feeding four times a day.
The current operation is managed by one inmate worker.
Inmates working in the shrimp sector are enthusiastic about carrying out shrimp activities and hope to become shrimp farmers after being released from Nusakambangan correctional Communication Management and Planned of Behavior Inmates Self-Reliance through the Food Security Program at Nusakambangan Correctional Institution Yeni Nuraeni / Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia.
Vol.
, 2025, 467-480
Conclusions The success of the food security program in correctional institution is not only seen from a technical perspective but also required effective interactional communication through integrated communication management and planned of behavior.
The implementation of communication management and planned of behavior in the food security program at Nusakambangan correctional institution has succeeded in providing better and positive phenomenon.
Communication management through: planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, successfully creating harmonious synergy, eliminating the stigma of inequality between correctional institution officers and inmates, also supporting the success of program socialization, implementation, and evaluation.
The implementation of planned behavior through: attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intentions and actual behavior, successfully demonstrated the inmates' commitment to implementing the program, which begins with intention, self-motivation, self-control, and self-reliance.
This is crucial for the mental well-being and sustainability of the food security program so that inmates are better prepared and succesfull for social reintegration.
The implication of this study are three factors: Organizational factors: effective communication, coordination, and positive institutional image.
Behavioral factors: the development of positive inmate attitudes, strengthening productive work norms, and improving self-control.
Self reliance factors:
skills development, open economic opportunities, and greater confidence in achieving social reintegration upon returning to society.
References