Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny1 Abstract Women trafficking is a kind of activity in which women are exploited.
In women trafficking activity, there is no consideration of womenAos right.
The target is those women can be used to get money as much as possible.
The women can become the victim of women trafficking is due to the ability of the panders in doing persuasion.
Through various strategies, these panders are successful in pushing these women to fall into this inhuman activity.
One of the strategy is by politely ensuring them.
This writing is aimed at describing the politeness strategy used by panders in persuading women to be the victim of women trafficking.
The research is conducted in West Java (Bekasi.
Cirebon, and Indramay.
The data are any utterances of the panders in persuading the women to be the victim of women trafficking.
Observational method with note-taking, recording, and interviewing is used to collect data.
The analysis is done by pragmatic and referential identity method related to the concept of politeness proposed Brown and Levinson .
Oktavianus and Revita .
Leech .
, and Mira .
The result of analysis is descriptively presented.
Having analyzed data, it is found that there are four politeness strategies used by the panders in woman trafficking activities.
They are ( .
bald on .
positive politeness.
negative politeness.
off record.
Keywords: politeness strategy, women trafficking, panders, women, victim Abstrak Perdagangan perempuan merupakan bentuk kegiatan ekploitasi perempuan.
Di sini, perempuan dijadikan sebagai ajang komoditas.
Tujuannya adalah utk menjadikan perempuan sebagai alat pencari uang sebanyak2nya.
Perempuan sdh banyak yg jadi korban praktik perdagangan perempuan paracalo nakal.
Mereka (Paracal.
ini berhasil menjerat para perempuan dg menggunakan berbagai strategi.
Salah satu strateginya adalah dg cara meyakinkan/membujuk Tulisan ini bertujuan utk memaparkan strategi paracalo dlm menjerat korbannya.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah Jawa Barat (Bekasi.
Cirebon, and Indramay.
Data penelitian ini diambil dari keterangan paracalo perdagangan perempuan.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode observasi dg mencatat, merekam, dan melakukan wawancara.
Teknik analisi yg digunakan adlh analisis pragmatik dan metode identitas referensi yg relevan dg konsepn AukesopananAy yg diusung olh Brown and Levinson .
Oktavianus and Revita .
Leech .
, and Mira .
Data yg sdh terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penelitian ini menyimpulkan ada empat macam strategi kesopanan yg digunakan olh paracalo dlm mendekati mangsanya: .
bald on record.
positive politeness.
negative politeness.
off record.
Kata kunci: strategi kesopanan, perdagangan perempuan, korban, calo, perempuan Andalas University/Polytechnic of Indonesian Health Ministry i Jakarta/Andalas University revita_ike@yahoo.
com/lisefauzi@yahoo.
id/nilanggreiny@gmail.
Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking Introduction Women Trafficking is a kind of activity in which women are recruited, harbored, transferred of a person or people either by threats, use of force, abduction, confinement, forgery, fraud, or perhaps with persuasion by discourse huge salary and working in a nice place (Undang-undang No.
21 tahun 2007.
Purwanti 2009.
Lembaran Fakta Hak Azazi Manusia .
Farrel, 2012.
Guardino dan Sunborn, 2011.
Sunborn, 2011.
Kara, 2011.
Walters and Davis, 2011.
Stein, 2010.
Friesnedorf, 2009.
Wilson and Dalton, 2008.
Thomson, 2006.
Lazcko and Gramegna, 2.
In the activity of women trafficking, there are three points to be highlighted in which women there is a process of .
recruitment, .
transporting, and the activity of .
exploiting (Revita and Rovika.
The exploitation is done due to the lack of understanding of these women.
The ignorance is deliberately done due to this is one of the strategies done to recruit them.
The one who is recruiting is called calo .
These panders become the spearhead of women activity since they will hunt for any women potential to be the victim.
named as speech act.
Speech act is defined as the action via utterance.
When someone says something, he is not regarded telling or only giving information but also doing something.
This concept is then developed by Searle .
, the student of Austin, in which he divided the speech act into three.
They are locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary act.
Locutionary act is the act of saying something.
The utterance uttered by speaker when they are communicating is called locutionary act.
For example is when someone is thirsty, he will say as .
Give me water! .
I am thirsty.
Can I get a glass of water? .
I think I am thirsty.
May I get water, please? .
My throat dries.
I think I need something to make it These four utterances .
Ae .
are locutionary act.
There is an act of saying something reflected from those These panders will do such kind of persuasion to assure the women to follow what he wants.
Besides, this rheEven though the main aim of the torical competence (Revita, 2.
can speaker is to express his thirst, but difbe the guarantee for womenAos family to ferently uttered.
It implies that there is let their daughters go with these panders.
a difference or more of each utterance.
As Wardaugh .
stated no two peoThe way panders communicate ple exactly alike and no a person speak and interact is in line with what Austin exactly similar at different time (Revita.
Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 The difference can be explicitly declaration (Searle, 1969.
Crystal, 1.
seen from the choice of word or diction Assertive or some called Representative and the sense as well.
(Bach and Harnish, 1979 and Verscueren, 1.
comprises asserting.
This sense is in line with the acknowledging, concluding, remarking, intention of the speaker.
The speakerAos insisting.
Directives is merely ordering, intention is called illocutionary act.
requesting, suggesting, imploring.
Illocutionary act is the action performed Commissives via utterance.
The action can be either contracting, betting.
Expressives covers explicitly or implicitly stated.
As being thanking, congratulating, expressing seen in the above utterance .
Ae .
, contempt relief, enthusiasm, delight.
the speaker clearly asked a glass of wa- The last one is declaration .
xercitives, ter because he needed it.
It is a little bit Alston, 2.
comprises adjourning, different from the utterance .
that no appointing, nominating, pardoning.
choice of word indicating that he asked He just said that he need something that can make his throat become That thing can be water, ice cream, fruit, or syrup.
The illocutionary act is categorized by Searle .
as the basic core or unit of speech act.
Illocutionary act becomes the essence of speech act.
Without this act, the speech act is empty and meaningless.
Speech act will not be a speech act otherwise there is illocutionary act inside.
This illocutionary act is also named performative utterance (Bach and Harnish, 1.
The performative displays the performance within the utterance.
This performance can be demonstrated by the verbs used or some other supra segmental phonemes.
These aspects become the device to indicate the existence of illocution in the utterance (Leech, 1.
Illcoutionary responded by the hearer.
This response is called as perlocutionary act.
The act of the utterance.
For example, when the speakerAos intention is asking a glass of The hearer is supposed to react as what the speaker wants.
The three parts of speech acts are ideally integrated in a communication or However, in certain context, the response might not be in line with what the speaker says.
Sometimes, what the speaker says is not correlating with what he wants.
This is much more dependent on context.
Context is defined as physical environment in which a word is used (Yule, 1996:.
In line with this.
Van Dijk .
said that context is courses of event.
Context is required to determine the meaning of the utterance.
Both speaker and hearer need to refer the utterance to the situation surrounding the utterance itself.
Context is very important in The action in the utterances are various.
interpreting the utterance.
In the sense There at least six types of illocutionary that without context the hearer cannot act, they are .
fully get the message from the speaker.
Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking If there is no context, pragmatic failure Communication cannot take Interaction is not running well.
Thus.
Revita .
said that context becomes the media to accommodate the Context helps the participants in a conversation to understand each oneAos face (Levinson, 1.
Brown and Levinson .
said that being polite is related to oneAos face (Allan, 1.
someone can save others/interlocutorAos face in conversation means that they are regarded good and polite.
This concept in Chinese society goes back more than two thousand years in which speaking begins of la .
, politenes.
, humble The concept of context is yourself and show respect to otherAy ( Gu firstly proposed by an anthropologist, 1990: .
Malinowski.
According to Malinowski .
n Halliday, 1.
, the use of language Being polite relates most to the is influenced by context of situation and norm.
Each society has its own norm.
context of culture.
This implies that.
Hymes .
divides norms into two.
when people are communicating each There is norm of interpretation and other, they cannot ignore the context interaction.
Norms of interpretation is as the background knowledge to be individual, subjective, and very personal.
assumed and shared by speaker and This much more depends on certain This will also give contribution to person unlike norm of interpretation the hearerAos interpretation toward what which is more collective and objective.
the speaker means.
In line with this, is This norm of interaction is based dynamic, relational, and a parts-whole on the tradition of the society.
Factually.
Context is subjective and each society has its own rule and way individual (Penco 1.
, and it is social of interpreting thing in communication.
and institutional (Duranti and Goodwin What Minangkabau.
Javanesse, or Balinesse people interpret toward the This context is then used by utterance Ayok, kita makan dulu! AoLetAos certain person in certain communication have meal here! Might be different.
For for certain purpose.
One of them is the Javanesse, it is an offer, for Balinesse it The panders create the course can be a kind of shooing the guess who of event in order the victims .
is still staying at the speakerAos home, can be under the trapped.
They are very and for Minangkabau it can be a chitgood at this.
Even, one course that they chat which is functioning as the phatic design is applied by using politeness communion.
The politeness strategy may This course is well mastered by stuck the women and their environment.
the panders since most of the panders This strategy becomes the tool to deceive are from the area where they look for the society regarding the panders as very the victims .
o b.
They also sometimes good people.
learn the culture of the society which Even, in some society, politeness lead them to the smooth process of is the indicator of whether someone is collecting women to be asked working good or bad.
This is due to the concept of outside and then being exploited.
The politeness itself which is trying of saving knowledge of the society then is used Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 by these panders to fool the society and Politeness has something to bring its women to the slavery.
do with the public self-image (Yule, 1.
because it involves a relationship For example is when the panders between two participants in conversation are in West Java, they will use the good (Leech, 1.
The politeness refers to and bad characteristic of the people.
the emotional and social sense of self The friendliness and politeness as that everyone has and expects everyone the goodness and the tendency to be else to recognize.
Thus, the politeness is materialistic as the badness then is used closely related to self and other (Fetzer as the tool to persuade West Javanesse and Oishi, 2.
Self is speaker and women to work and collect money as other is hearer.
much as possible.
Leech .
proposes eight Having related to this.
Nguyen characteristics of politeness.
points out two aspects that people should consider to achieve the success .
Politeness is not obligatory.
in being polite in communication.
People normally will behave Firstly is certain aspect like the social politely unless for certain background of the communicator in interaction.
Generally, the more .
There are varying gradation educated a man is, the more he tends to of polite and impolite.
show his politeness to other people.
The more he knows about the suitable ways .
There is often a sense of to show his politeness, the better he uses what is normal, recognized them to be polite to others.
by members of society, as to Secondly is the communicative Communication is a very complicated process.
In formal occasions, people tend to use formal expressions to show politeness.
This is indicated by the use of diction.
informal situation, the choice of word will be different.
This also happens to those who just being known or old The strategy used will be This is what Verhaar .
called as rhetorical competence.
The behavior of being polite is then becoming the consideration of the panders to react similarly.
They also persuade the women politely.
Politeness then blurs the intention of the panders.
The illocutionary act is covered by politeness strategy.
how polite to be for a particular occasion.
How far how far politeness will occur, or whether it will occur at all, depends on the .
There is there is a reciprocal asymmetry in polite behavior between two parties.
It can manifest itself in repetitive behavior, which is to a lesser or greater degree .
It involves the passing of some kind of transaction of value between the speaker and the other party.
Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking .
Its tendency to preserve a West Java (Bekasi.
Indramayu, and Cirebalance of value between the bo.
by observing the utterances of the participants A and B.
panders in the research area.
West Java is selected as the research area because These eight characteristics West Java is regarded as the highest is divided into two five strategies by province in Indonesia in supplying the Brown and Levinson .
They are women for women trafficking (Liputan bald on record, positive politeness, 6 Sian SCTV, 16 April 2.
Besides, negative politeness, off record, and West Java also becomes the target of the donAot do FTA.
Bald on record means activity of women trafficking in Indonethere is no unambiguous intention from sia (ILO,2.
the utterance.
Everything is clearly uttered.
Positive politeness is concerned The data are any utterances utwith the personAos positive face in the panders in their interaction which there is a desire to be respected.
Negative politeness is oriented to the with the women and the society containhearerAos negative face that emphasizes ing the intention of persuading.
There avoiding imposition on hearer.
Off re- 3 panders used as the informan in each cord is a communication act that is re- area of the research.
There are also data alized through unclear speakerAos inten- gained from the victim, ex-victim, and This off record is to give impres- the society who are interviewed.
The tosion that speaker does not want to do tal number of the informan is 30.
FTA.
DonAot do FTA means the speaker says nothing verbally.
This is done in Data collection was carried by case that the risk of losing hearerAos face observing, deep interviewing, note-tak(Nadar, 2.
ing, and recording (Sudaryanto, 2015.
Mahsun, 2005.
Sugiyono, 2.
The These five strategies are of interview was done to dig deep informagreat possibility implemented by the tion about the reasons of using certain panders in his activity of women traf- utterances in their communication.
Beficking.
The strategies only camou- sides, the researcher also observes these flaged the victims .
o b.
These polite- panders while they communicate and ness covers their real intention namely interact each other .
ensnaring the women.
This above phenomena becomes the reason of running the research about politeness.
The objective of this research is to identify the strategies used by the panders in running his job as the spearhead of women trafficking.
To analyze the data, the pragmatic, referential, and translational identity method are used.
Moreover, the concept of speech act by Austin .
, politeness by Brown and Levinson .
Leech .
Oktavianus and Revita .
, and the concept of context by Yule ( 1.
and Mira .
become The research is qualitative and the theory applied in data analysis.
The descriptive study.
It was conducted in result of analysis is descriptively and Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 narratively presented.
Discussion context, the bald on record strategy still implemented.
For example as being seen in the utterance 1 below.
The rhetorically communicative competence of the panders in their .
Ikut aja sama mbak! interaction is regarded good since they Toh bapak mu sudah are able to assure others to believe in what mengizinkan kok.
they say.
This competence is depicted AoGo with me! Your by many women fall into this illegal father let you go.
activity--women trafficking.
These women are trapped in the politeness The utterance .
is uttered by a used by the panders in communication.
young lady, around 30 years old to The politeness strategies applied by agirl around 16 years old.
She asked the panders make the women and their the hearer to go with her working in society are doubtless to follow their the Jakarta.
The hearer seem doubtful rule designed.
The choice of utterances to do that.
The speaker then used including diction selection reflect much bald on record strategy of politeness to their politeness strategies.
These to make sure that the hearer will be are closely related to different impact Even, this strategy is supported toward the hearers.
This is in line with by further explanation that the girlAos what Austin .
said that in saying father had already permitted her to something someone is also doing work in Jakarta.
This action is reacted by the hearers by doing what the panders want.
The use of this strategy is a kind (Fetzer and Oishi, 2.
of trick to emphasize the speakerAos The doubt of the hearer makes Bald on Record the hearer worry.
She thought that she Bald on record is used in order might be failed to ask this girl.
Thus, the hearer can get clear information clearly imperative sentence Ikut aja toward what the speaker says.
sama mbak! is used to clarify and to As a strategy of politeness, this insist the girl indirectly.
bald on record is commonly used Imperative sentence is commonly by the powerful speaker toward used in bald on record strategy.
the powerless.
Sometimes, this Imperative sentence formally needs strategy is applied by the same age the response from the hearer (Ramlan, participants of communication.
No 2001.
Davies, 1.
based on what is matter how, the utterance becomes being said.
There are three features of the mirror of ones society because imperative sentence.
They are the low language might be the social mirror intonation at the end of the utterance, the of the speakers (Chaika, 1.
use of imperative particle such as AoletAo.
The panders tend to avoid the and no subject in the utterance.
usage of this strategy even though The use of bald on record is quite they can do so.
However, in certain seldom used by the panders in her action.
Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking This is due to the explicit and clear This unambiguous utterance Negative Politeness may create the suspicion of the hearer.
Moreover, the pander is the stranger or Negative politeness is the redressive one that is not recognized by the hearer.
action addressed to the addresseeAos This can be seen in datum 2 below.
negative face (Brown and Levinson.
The speaker respects the hearer who does not want to be imposed, .
AKerja saja kamu di interfered, or disturbed.
The negative kantor saya!.
politeness strategy is associated with increasing the social distance between AoWork in my office!Ao the speaker and hearer.
Such strategy This utterance is uttered by a pander is used by the panders in their action of to a girl in Bekasi.
The pander is the persuading West Javanesse women.
He is the man around 40 years can be seen in the following example.
The utterance Kerja saja kamu di .
Pander: Kamu kan mau kantor saya! is bald on record.
Even berbuat baik tuk though, long explanation about the bapak ibumu kan? office and the job to be is explained Adik-adikmu by the pander, since he is new comer butuh uang sekolah.
in that town, the hearer becomes Belum Furthermore, this pander Ini sudah seems very eager to ask the girl.
Her ada pekerjaan enak family then refuses the offer.
Despite, dengan gaji lumayan the big salary with many facilities Kamu lebih It does not work well.
The baik ikut mbak ke pander failed to assure this girl.
Jakarta.
In the activity of women trafficking.
AoYou want to do good panders tend to use language that thing to your parents? can cover the real intention.
Even.
Your brothers and euphemism or figurative language is sisters need money possibly applied.
Figurative language for school fee.
Even, means the extension of meaning ( they need money for Dancygier and Sweetser, 2.
The You are offered usage of figurative language might be good job with quite literal but the meaning is not every day big salary.
You would or normal usage.
Context then helps the better come with me hearer to interpret this non-every day to Jakarta.
and abnormal usage of language.
This Ima : Tapi bapak ama ibuk associated with a very concrete situation siapa yang merawat? including the speaker and addressee.
Kan kasihan jika the actual sound waves, a physical ndak ada aku.
locale, and things pointed out ( Barwise and Perry, 1.
Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 AoBut, who will take care of my parents? How pity they are if I am not here.
Ao Pander: Adik-adikmu Ima, ini nolong bapak ibu Ikut mba artinya kamu bantuin bapak Mereka pasti ngizinin kalau kamu Semuanya kembali ke kamu.
Toh kalau kangen bapak Jakarta dekat Kamu mau kan bikin bapak, ibu, dan adik-adikmu senang? Makanya, kerja aja di tempat mbak kerja AoYou have many Ima, this is the chance to help your Going with me means helping your parents.
They surely let you go as long as you want.
All depends on you.
You may go home town if you miss your parents.
Jakarta is near.
Do you want to make your parents, your brothers, and your sisters happy, donAot you? Thus, you work where I work.
Apa aktivitas Teteh sekarang? Kan hanya ngurus rumah.
Teteh dah ditinggal suami.
Ngapain di rumah.
Mau kerja juga susah.
Nyari kerja kan sulit sekarang.
Mendingan Teteh kerja kayak saya.
Bosnya Gaji kita juga Kerjanya juga ndak berat kok.
Nanti uangnya bisa ditabung.
Dikirim ke kampung.
Enak pokoknya.
Teteh mau kan? Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking AoWhat is your activity now? Just make home Your husband had left you.
Nothing to do at home.
If you want to work, it is difficult.
It is very hard to get job now.
You would better work like me.
I have very good boss.
We get good The job is not very hard.
You can save your salary later.
You send to your hometown.
It is very enjoyable.
Will you come with me?Ao Saya pikir dulu deh.
Mbak.
AoLet me think about that!Ao Apa lagi yang Teteh pikir? Teteh dah lihat Tanpa suami saya bisa membangun rumah.
Dah punya bayak sawah.
Hidup saya senang Banyak lakilaki yang mau menikah dengan saya.
Tinggal Besok bisa dicari suami kaya.
Terus kita di rumah saja lagi.
Kan enak tuh.
Teh? AoWhat are you thinking about? You can see me.
Without a husband.
I can built house.
I have a lot rise fields.
I am happy Many men want to marry me.
I can choose.
Later on, we can find rich husband.
We then just stay at home.
It is pleased, isnAot it?Ao The data 3 and 4 are uttered by similar pander.
The pander is a woman with around 35 years old.
She is trying to persuade a girl to work in Jakarta.
The girl whose age is about 18 years old refused this panderAos offer.
According to the girl, she prefers staying at home to going outside of her village.
She thinks about her parents.
This girl worries very much about her parents as her not staying at home.
This is seen from the utterance Tapi bapak ama ibuk siapa yang merawat? Kan kasihan jika ndak ada aku.
However, this pander knows exactly how this girl loves and be responsible to her family.
As the oldest child of her parents, she thinks that she must help her parent economically.
This situation is then used by the She even pretends to behave She tries to show how advisable she is.
She persuades by telling as if she is very good woman.
Literally, almost all panderAos utterances indicate how good the girl as she works AoIkut mba artinya kamu bantuin bapak ibuAo.
The language this pander uttered may camouflage the real intention.
This is in line with what Chaer .
stated that a word has bundle of meaning.
utterance may be interpreted variously (Revita, 2016.
Thus, misunderstanding Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 is of great possibility happened (Revita.
Even, when the communication takes place by using media like phone or short message service in mobile hand phone, and some other communication The education, the low level existence in the society, and the psychological condition of the hearer at that time is explicitly stated and displayed by the pander.
This pander tries to touch the humanity aspect.
This effort seems successful.
This is reflected This can be proved by the reaction of by the response of the hearer to think it this girl.
She finally agrees to go with the This agreement comes up after the pander gave her a kind of suggestion The struggle of the panders to assure and description of being good and and persuade the victim to be and her dedicated daughter to the parents AoKamu family is very strong.
She still tries to kan mau berbuat baik tuk bapak ibumu win the hearerAos conviction by giving kan?Ao Since, the persuasion done is several arguments.
That she can become employing her beloved parents, this girl the sample of being alone but still survive is dissolved.
and the number of rice field she has due to working in Jakarta is this panderAos The similar way of persuasion is This effort is finally fulfilled also used by the panders to another by the hearer.
She feels disposed to come victim .
in data 3.
The utterances and go with the pander.
are uttered to a young widow around 22 years old.
This widow had been left by her husband who was getting married with Positive Politeness another woman.
Without any children and job, this widow just stays at home Positive politeness strategy is exand helping her parents.
Sometimes, she pressed by treating the hearer as the feels lonely and saturated with the daily member of an in-group or a friend However, she only graduated (Brown and Levinson, 1.
In this from junior high school.
She realizes strategy, there is similarity, desire, and that with her lack of competence, she knowledge about what is considered will be hard to get job.
This educational good for each other (Jakubowska, 1.
background becomes the reason for her There are some sub-strategies employed to consider the invitation of the pander.
in this positive politeness such as using Foley .
said that there are in-group identity markers, exaggerate at least three backgrounds considered interest of hearer, and noticing attend in an interaction.
There is .
social hearerAos need and want.
background, .
cultural background, and .
psychological background.
Revita .
in this case add one more, .
religious background (Revita.
These four backgrounds is the knowledge of the panders to assure their victim .
o b.
and the society.
This three sub strategy is quite commonly used by the panders in their interaction of tricking the potential victim of women trafficking.
The phenomena of life style and consumptive attitude which bring about the need of a lot of money is the tool used by these panders.
For example is as being displayed in the Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking data 5 -7 below.
Pander: Kamu kan ponakan Pak Lik.
Masak iya Pak Lik biarin aja kamu kayak gini.
Makanya Pak Lik mau ngajakin kamu ikut kerja di kota.
Ada teman Pak Lik yang butuh karywan di tokonya.
Biar kamu ndak nganggur Besok Pak Lik mau balik ke Sekalian kamu bareng Pak Lik saja.
AoYou are my nephew.
How could I let you be like this.
That is why I ask you to go with me to Jakarta.
My friend needs employee in his shop.
So, you are not unemployee Tomorrow.
I will go back to Jakarta.
You go with Ao Lilis : Lilis kan harus siapsiap dulu.
Pak Lik.
AoI need to pack first.
Ao Pander: Ndak perlu banyakbanyak Nanti kamu dapat baju seragam.
Kalau kamu dikasih uang Kali aja Enaklah.
AoYou do not need to bring a lot of You will get If you work well there, you will get incentive.
You might be boarded.
You will enjoy it.
Ao .
Pander: Kalau kamu kerja di kota, kamu pasti dibilang hebat ama orang-orang di sini.
Liat tuh, si Asih, dah Kerja di kota.
Mereka akan iri ke Makanya, tawaran Mba jangan AoIf you work in the town, you will be regarded great by people around here.
Look at Asih, she is good now.
She works in the city.
They will be jelous to you.
Thus, do not refuse my offer!Ao Asih : (Just silen.
Pander: Asih mikirin apa Anak pintar dan cantik kayak kamu ini bakalan Ntar kalau ada lagi tawaran kerja yang lebih bagus dan gajinya gede, kamu bisa Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 AoWhat Good and beautiful girl like you can easily get job.
you get bored and you get an offer to work in nicer place with higher salary, you can move.
Ao .
Pander: Kamu pingin kayak temanteman kamu itu ya? Dah punya handphone bagus anti-ganti Bajunya bagus dan bisa beli apa saja.
Kamu mau kayak gitu kan? Mbak bisa bantu lo.
AoYou want to be like your friends? They have good smart phone and they can shange it any time.
They have nice cloth and they can buy anything they like.
Do you want to be like that? I can help Ao Dewi : Bener.
Mbak? B a g a i m a n a AoIs it true.
Sister? How?Ao Pander: Kamu ikut kerja saja ama Mbak.
Kerja di Enak.
Gajinya Kamu bisa ketemu banyak orang juga.
Kamu masih muda dan pasti pengen ke kota kan? AoYou work with me.
You work in the The salary is big enough.
You can meet many people.
You are still young and want to go to the Ao The three data above are involving the panders with three girls.
Those three girls are asked to work in the city.
convince these girls, the panders use the positive politeness strategy.
The use of in-group identity Kamu kan ponakan Pak Lik is the first sub strategy used.
Pak Lik in West Java is the younger brother of our father.
In this context, the speaker calls himself Pak Lik even though there is no kinship relation between them.
The speaker is only the hearerAos village mate.
They are from the same village.
The kinship term of addressee is commonly used addressed to the kinsman (Wardaugh and Fuller, 2.
However, the speaker creates the situation as if he has the kinship relation with the hearer.
The participant in a certain speech event (Cruse, 2.
might have certain intention.
The way of using Pak Lik as the term addressed to the speaker himself is in-group identity strategy.
By using this strategy, the hearer may believe in him and she does not mind to go with him to Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking the city.
Off Record The similar positive politeness is also used by the pander in data 6 and 7.
Both data are almost alike.
Data 6 indicates how the pander exaggerate interest of the hearer.
The utterance Kalau kamu kerja di kota, kamu pasti dibilang hebat ama orang-orang di sini is a kind of exaggeration of hearerAos interest.
Everybody tends to be impressed as their interest is blown up.
They might feel that they are really as what is being said.
Off record strategy of politeness is also called as the hint strategy (Watts et al, 2005.
Haugh, 2.
This way of communication has the intention in order to give impression that the speaker does not do FTA.
Besides, by giving unclear utterance, the speaker may let the hearer decide to interpret (Brown and Levinson, 1.
The off record strategy of politeness may be released by several sub-strategies like giving hints, giving association of clues, being vague, and displacing Each of these sub strategies are delivered unclearly.
In the sense that, possible multi-interpretation might This also done by the pander in data 7 which she highlights the want and the need of the hearer.
As a girl who still likes to be fashioned, having smart phone, looking beautiful, and having nice clothes are her dreams.
Since she is from poor family, it is impossible to This off record strategy is quite buy them.
rarely used.
The usage is very limited.
These dreams are used by the pander Based on the interview with the pander, to persuade this girl.
Kamu mau kayak this is due to the misinterpretation gitu kan? is the utterance to assure the avoidance.
The panders do not want hearer that she actually really wants and that the victim .
o b.
regards their offer need them all.
The pander then offers as the lips service or hoax.
Though in this girl to realize all by saying Mbak relation to the gradation of politeness, bisa bantu lo.
This is regarded as an the off in certain society is regarded enticement which may deceive the hear- as the most (Revita, 2013.
The use The innocent of the hearer helps this of the of record p oliteness strategy is pander to smooth his intention.
This is illustrated in datum 8 below.
reflected by the respond of the hearer in which she looks eager to know and tries to confirm by saying Bener.
Mbak? Bagaimana caranya? This response implies that the hearer is almost in the trap.
It is not difficult for the pander anymore to lead this girl to become the next victim.
Pander: Bapak pasti senang kalau anaknya mau Pak.
Anaknya kerja di kota.
Ntar uangnya dikirim buat bapak ama ibu ya? AoYou must be very happy as your daughter like sto help you.
Your daughter works in the The money is send to her parents, isnAot it?Ao Buletin Al-Turas Mimbar Sejarah,Sastra,Budaya, dan Agama - Vol.
XXi No.
Januari 2017 This data 8 is addressed to a girlAos The pander wants to ask a girl to work in the city.
However, this girl refuses to go tough the parents permit.
Thus, this pander does a kind of off record strategy by displacing this girl in Revita .
named this strategy as indirect satire.
The dialog is not directly uttered to the hearer but to the third person, that is her father.
Revita made such way of communication by having indirect line from the speaker to hearer and direct line to the 3rd person.
can be seen the following scheme.
Scheme 1.
The Indirect Communication Strategy (Revita:2.
This strategy of communication can be fully understood by the hearer as the third person clarifies the intention of the speaker.
This is what the girlAos father did as he himself persuades his daughter to go with the pander.
The four politeness strategies become the tricks of the panders in running his business in exploiting women.
The ability to produce the language which sounds polite is of great possibility to deceive the hearers.
Furthermore, the mind set of positive thinking and the lack of knowledge about this women trafficking lead many women in West Java stuck in this illegal business.
From the four strategies, negative politeness is mostly used .
%), followed by bald on record .
%), positive politeness .
%), and off record .
%).
The occurrence of these strategies is reflected in the below table.
The dominant use of negative victim is risky.
To avoid this risk, the politeness strategy is caused by the panders, then, use negative politeness intention of the panders to hide the real strategy most.
Imposing the women to be the Ike Revita.
Trioclarise and Nilla Anggreiny Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking To keep off from the ambiguity and .
bald on record, .
positive politemisunderstanding in communicating ness, and .
off record.
his intention, the panders tend to avoid the trick of using off record.
Only 8 % of total number of pandersAo utterances D.
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