International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) E-ISSN: 2614-8862 & P-ISSN: 2565-0836 Volume 8.
Number 4.
December 2025 Integration of the Gasing (Easy.
Fun, and Enjoyabl.
Method with the Philosophical Values of Science in Primary Education Kadek Ashadi Putra1*.
Jenuri1 1 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Indonesia
Corresponding Author
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received August 20, 2025 Revised September 08.
Accepted October 13, 2025 familiarashadi@gmail.
ABSTRACT
The This study examines the GASING (Easy.
Fun, and Enjoyabl.
method in mathematics education through the lens of the philosophy of science, which encompasses three fundamental dimensions: ontology, epistemology, and axiology.
The research addresses four key questions:
What is the nature of mathematics learning through the GASING method from an ontological perspective? .
How is the process of knowledge construction within the GASING method explained through an epistemological framework? .
What axiological values are embedded in the implementation of the GASING method? and .
How does the GASING approach align with the fundamental principles of the philosophy of science in the context of mathematics education? Drawing upon a literature review of 14 scientific articles, the findings reveal that the GASING method develops understanding progressively from concrete to abstract, forming a strong ontological foundation.
It promotes active knowledge construction through meaningful learning experiences as an epistemological process, and it embodies key axiological values such as perseverance, collaboration, and enthusiasm for learning.
Furthermore.
GASING emerges as a pedagogical approach that holistically integrates ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions, thereby reflecting the principles of the philosophy of science.
The study contributes to the field by positioning the GASING method not merely as a pedagogical strategy, but as a comprehensive scientific framework for mathematics learning.
This integration underscores its potential to enhance conceptual understanding and character development in primary mathematics education.
Keywords: Islamic Education Values.
Role of Islamic Boarding Schools.
Quality Islamic Education Journal Homepage https://ojs.
id/IJoASER/ This is an open access article under the CC BY SA license https://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by-sa/4.
INTRODUCTION
Is Mathematics learning has become a primary focus in education due to its crucial role in developing logical and systematic thinking in students.
However, mathematics lessons often face obstacles in the form of students' poor understanding of basic concepts and the perception that mathematics is a difficult and intimidating subject (Suryadi, 2.
This situation has sparked the emergence of various innovative approaches, one of which is the Gasing method developed by Yohanes Surya.
The Gasing (Easy.
Fun, and Enjoyabl.
method was developed as an alternative mathematics learning strategy that prioritizes easy understanding of concepts, along with a pleasant learning atmosphere that does not put pressure on students (Surya & Putri, 2.
This approach uses gradual learning stages from concrete to abstract, with International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) a pace adjusted to each child's abilities.
The Gasing method has been implemented in various regions in Indonesia and has shown results.
which is significant in improving the mathematics learning achievements of elementary school students.
Although the Gasing method has proven to be practically effective, a more indepth analysis is needed to assess its strengths and weaknesses from a philosophical In this regard, the philosophy of science serves as an important tool for examining the nature, validity, and rationality of the Gasing method as a scientific approach in education.
Chalmers .
states that the philosophy of science provides a framework for evaluating the process of knowledge construction and validation, including in pedagogical contexts.
A philosophical study of the Gasing method can be focused on three main components: ontology, epistemology, and axiology.
The ontological aspect explores the nature of reality constructed in mathematics learning through the Gasing method, such as how students understand numbers, patterns, and mathematical operations concretely and logically.
Meanwhile, the epistemological dimension explores how mathematical knowledge is developed, conveyed, and validated in the learning Epistemologically, the Gasing method provides an active learning experience, where students are central to the knowledge construction process.
This approach aligns with Piaget's constructivism theory, which states that children construct their own understanding through interaction with their environment (Slavin, 2.
This method places thinking as a key element, ensuring that conceptual understanding is not merely rote but based on scientifically verifiable reasoning.
Furthermore, from an axiological perspective, the Gasing method contributes to humanistic learning values.
By prioritizing student enjoyment and active participation, this method aligns with the principles of humanizing education.
This thinking aligns with Freire's .
notion that education should be liberating, not oppressive or Therefore, the Gasing method can be seen as an approach that is not only cognitively effective but also ethically sound in a pedagogical context.
Through a philosophical approach, the Gasing method is positioned not merely as a technical learning strategy but also as a reflection of the epistemological perspectives and fundamental values underlying education.
Therefore, this study is expected to broaden understanding of how a learning method can have a strong philosophical foundation and be aligned with the demands of the times.
Moreover, understanding the Gasing method from a philosophical perspective also contributes to the development of more contextual and adaptive theories of mathematics learning.
This is important because each method needs to be tested not only empiricallyempirically, but also through an assessment of its scientific validity.
philosophical approach allows for an assessment of whether a method aligns with basic scientific principles.
By examining the Gasing method through the lens of the philosophy of science, this research not only examines its practical effectiveness but also seeks to bridge the gap between learning practices and philosophical reflection.
The ultimate goal is to ensure that mathematics education is not merely a procedural activity, but rather a scientific endeavor that reflects the integrity of knowledge and human values.
Thus, this research is expected toenrich academic discourse and educational practices in a comprehensive and in-depth manner.
International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) METHOD This research uses an approachSystematic Literature Review(SLR) as a method to explore and synthesize various literature sources related to the Gasing method and its relationship to the study of philosophical values of science.
This approach was chosen to ensure a comprehensive and objective analysis of relevant references (Peters et al.
Through the SLR method, this study compiles a comprehensive mapping of the implementation of Gasing-based learning strategies in the context of elementary education, particularly in terms of their relationship to philosophical values of science.
The collected literature was analyzed using a thematic approach to obtain valid findings and support the development of practical and theoretical recommendations.
All stages are implemented in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse.
, which provides the latest reporting standards for conducting systematic reviews (Page et al.
, 2.
These guidelines are used to ensure the literature review process is conducted systematically and transparently, especially in research in the field of education.
The literature search strategy was conducted through five major academic databases: Google Scholar.
Garuda.
Sinta.
Scopus, and ERIC.
During the search process, a combination of keywords was used that reflected the research focus, such as "Gasing Method," "Mathematics Education," "Deep Learning in Education," "AI and Pedagogy," and "Educational Technology.
" The search technique also applied Boolean operators such as "Gasing" AND "Philosophy of Science" OR "AI" AND "mathematics education" to filter suitable publications.
The selected articles were limited to publication years 2020 to 2025, and only included English and Indonesian documents that had undergone the review process.
peer review.
On the other hand, excluded articles include publications that are notpeer-reviewed, studies that only discuss the technical aspects of AI without educational relevance, and articles that are not available in full versions.
The selection process began with identifying a total of 823 articles.
After removing 140 duplicate articles, 720 articles were screened based on their titles and Then, 182 articles were selected for full review.
Of these, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were deemed relevant for further in-depth analysis.
All stages are visualized in a PRISMA flowchart to demonstrate transparency in the selection International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) Figure 01.
Flowchart Prisma
RESULTSAND DISCUSSION
To understand the relationship between approaches Topand the principles of philosophy of science in the context of mathematics learning, a systematic and relevant literature review is needed.
Therefore, this study examines 14 scientific articles that directly or indirectly discuss the relationship between ontological, epistemological, and axiological aspects in the philosophy of science and educational practice.
These articles not only discuss the basic concepts of philosophy in education but also provide perspectives that deepen understanding of how methodsTopcan be studied, implemented, and developed in the context of mathematics education philosophically and comprehensively.
This study provides a significant foundation for examining the theoretical and applicative contributions of the application of the method.
Topwhich is based on scientific thinking and educational ethics.
A total of 14 articles discussing the implementation of learning using the GASING method and its relationship to the values of the philosophy of science in education have been compiled and presented systematically in the following table as a basis for in-depth analysis.
Table 01.
Article Synthesis Title Writer Objective Educatio n in a Philosop Perspecti Inayati.
Queen Wardarita.
Pratika Ayuningtya Examining the role of philosophy in through three Research Research Literature The of education forms the basis of Relevance to the Topic Provides a al basis for GASING International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) Modern Philosop Ontologi Epistemo Axiologi Aspects Ontolog Epistemo logy and Axiology Philosop hy of Educatio Ontolog Epistemo Axiology Characte Educatio Critical Review of the Ontolog y of Science from the Perspecti ve of Modern Fatkhul Mubin method as a Explaining the and education The three aspects of play a role in shaping the concept of modern Shows how GASING can be Luthfiyah & Abdul Khobir Explaining the framework of education in Islam Elfira Rahmadani et al.
Examining the foundations of Ace Nurasa et al.
Criticizing the concept of ontology in Literature Library Educational helps shape and critical Descriptiv Philosophy of science helps shape Literature Ontology is the objects of science.
Relevant in GASING values and which are rooted in and values Can axiology of GASING method in attitudes in Relevant to assess the validity of GASING from the nature of International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) Science The Role Philosop hy of Science Encoura ging the Develop ment of Science Systemat Literatur e Review of the Philosop hy of Science in the Develop ment of Indepen Curricul Systemat Literatur Review:
Philosop hy of Science Modern Knowled The Role Philosop hy of Science in the Agus Salim et al.
Ade E.
Agustina et Examining the of philosophy of science to Examining the philosophy of science in the Trisna K.
Yusuf et al.
Analyzing the philosophy of science in the modern era Samsul Pahmi et al.
Analyzing philosophy to Qualitativ The of science for scientific and ethical Shows that GASING needs to be in order to SLR The of science forms the basis for based on values and Relevant to assess the GASING method in the context based on SLR .
The of science the validity, ethics, and direction of Literature Educational ism and GASING can be seen ion of science in and ethical GASING as a method International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) Professio nalism of Elementa ry School Teachers Principle s of Philosop hy of Science Phonolo Ontologi Aspects Science Systems Approac h in Philosop Review:
Ontolog Axiology , and Epistemo Suhaib Al Faruq & Muhamma d Sukri Analyzing based on Systematic Literature Review Amri Syafriadi, et Explaining the nature of ontology in science and its application in Islamic Literature Study Erli Yanty Rihana Paramida.
Dini Prima Putri.
Romlah.
Saiful Anwar B Analyzing the especially the aspects of and axiology.
Literature Review The three principles of for thinking ng to be Even though the is linguistic, al approach model can be adapted GASING Ontology The basis of the nature of the Gasing concrete and approach as a scientific existence, as framework:
well as its ng the nature of formulating the learning the goals object .
he existence of strategies of Islamic al concept.
Ontology is divided into determinin g the The The Gasing system is can be viewed as a yAiinput Ontology .
, education as (Gasing International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) Educatio n and Elementa Educatio n: A Study of Ontolog Epistemo logy, and Axiology Ontolog Epistemo logy, and Axiology Islamic Boarding School Educatio n in the Modern Era ive system that shapes the whole Meila Yufrian Devi.
Desyandri.
Irda Murni Abd.
Muqit.
Shokhibul Mighfar Examining three aspects of philosophy .
ntology, axiolog.
in Explaining the three aspects of philosophy in the context of Islamic education and in the modern Literature Study Theoretica l Study (Literature Ontology is the study of of reality.
y discusses how to assesses the benefits of in life.
All three are important in Ontologicall y.
Islamic focuses on t through Islamic ically, it uses reason .
athemati )Aibased on ng of the Relevant to the Gasing approach as a basic method that clarity of .
, the process of acquiring .
pistemolo g.
, and the benefits of s .
Inspiring that the Gasing can be into Islamic value-based and ethics through the of science.
International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) revelation in , it directs learning to with morals and who are g the reason, and morals in s learning In an effort to develop learning approaches such as methodsGASING, foundationThe philosophy of science plays a significant role in providing direction and structured thought patterns.
The philosophy of education as the primary foundation can be explained through three important elements: ontology, epistemology, and A study by Inayati.
Wardarita, and Ayuningtyas states that these three elements form the foundation of science and pedagogy in education .
In the context of the GASING method, an ontological understanding of mathematical objects, such as numbers and operations, is essential so that students not only memorize but are able to understand the meaning of the concepts presented.
This is in line with Ruseffendi .
who explained that "mathematical concepts must not only be understood as symbols, but must also be instilled through meaningful concrete Then, the study is done by Fatkhul MubinLuthfiyah and Khobir also reinforce the view that these three dimensions of philosophy have influenced the formation of modern education systems and Islamic value-based education.
In the GASING method, the epistemological aspect is reflected in the way students construct knowledge logically and gradually.
This aligns with Piaget's .
theory, which states that "children construct their knowledge through a process of assimilation and accommodation based on existing schemas.
" In this regard.
GASING does not simply present information, but helps students construct understanding through directed learning experiences.
From an axiological perspective, the GASING method seeks to foster positive student attitudes, such as patience, thoroughness, and self-confidence when solving This perspective is also reflected in the study by Elfira Rahmadani et al.
which states that the philosophy of science plays a crucial role in shaping students' character values.
Strengthening these values is key in basic education.
This is in line with Rogers' .
view that "education should be centered on the individual, not just on the subject," indicating that the learning process must have a human dimension that fosters character.
Regarding the scientific validity of a method, research by Ace Nurasa et al.
Agus Salim et al.
emphasizes that ontological and ethical foundations are crucial for a scientific approach.
The philosophy of science forms an ethical framework so that approaches like GASING are not merely technical.
This aligns with Popper's .
statement that "science must be open to critical examination and have a logical basis," meaning that approaches like GASING also need to be rationally tested to be accepted as valid scientific methods.
International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) A study by Ade E.
Agustina and Trisna K.
Yusuf et al.
shows that integrating the philosophy of science into the context of the Merdeka curriculum and the modern education era is becoming increasingly important.
In this regard, the GASING method, which prioritizes active learning and clear thinking stages, is highly suitable.
Deep Learning, as an approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of meaning, reflection, and the development of critical thinking, is a manifestation of modern epistemological philosophy.
As stated by Marton and Syljy .
, "deep learning involves the intention to understand and extract meaning," which emphasizes that learning must lead to in-depth understanding.
From the perspective of teacher professionalism, research by Samsul Pahmi et al.
confirms that understanding educational philosophy can encourage teachers to be more reflective and innovative in implementing a method.
In practice, the GASING method requires teachers to understand students' thinking patterns and develop systematic learning stages.
This aligns with Freire's .
notion that "education is a dialogue between teacher and student, in which both learn from each other," demonstrating that GASING is an interactive and dialogical approach.
Suhaib Al Faruq and Muhammad Sukri's study demonstrates that philosophical principles in linguistics can serve as a model for an interdisciplinary approach.
This provides an opportunity for GASING to adopt a cross-disciplinary approach to strengthen epistemological aspects.
This approach aligns with Gardner's .
theory of multiple intelligences, which explains that "children possess various intelligences, including logical-mathematical and linguistic," allowing learning to address students' diverse learning styles.
A study by Amri Syafriadi et al.
emphasized that an understanding of ontology is necessary to explain the existence and limitations of a learning object.
This aligns with the GASING approach, which uses concrete to abstract stages.
This view aligns with Bruner's .
representation theory, which states that learning progresses through enactive, iconic, and symbolic stages.
On the other hand.
Erli Yanty Rihana Paramida et al.
view the education system from a philosophical perspective as a dynamic and holistic structure.
GASING can be analyzed as a miniature education system that includes input .
, process .
earning through GASING stage.
, and output .
athematical learning outcome.
This thinking is in accordance with Bertalanffy's .
systems theory, which states that "education is an open system consisting of interrelated and influencing parts.
Meila Yufrian Devi et al.
's research shows that the application of ontological, epistemological, and axiological principles must be comprehensive in elementary This aligns with Tyler's .
curriculum principle, which states that "educational planning begins with objectives, learning experiences, and evaluation of outcomes," all three of which are reflected in the steps of the GASING method.
Finally.
Abd.
Muqit and Shokhibul Mighfar demonstrated that Islamic boarding school education is based on harmonious values between reason, revelation, and The GASING method can also be adapted to the context of Islamic values through a philosophy of science that emphasizes the balance between reason, knowledge, and morality.
This is reinforced by Al-Attas' .
view that states that "educationis the process of instilling manners in the soul, which includes the integration of knowledge and ethics,Ay so that the GASING method not only educates cognition, but also forms character.
International Journal on Advanced Science.
Education, and Religion (IJoASER) CONCLUSION The GASING method in mathematics teaching demonstrates a comprehensive philosophical approach.
From an ontological perspective.
GASING views mathematical concepts as entities that need to be understood gradually, starting from concrete activities to more abstract understanding.
This indicates that learning mathematics is not just about formulas or procedures, but rather understanding the essence of mathematical objects.
From an epistemological perspective.
GASING emphasizes that knowledge is actively constructed by students through a directed and systematic learning process.
This process is in accordance with constructivist principles, where students play an active role in constructing knowledge and meaning through real-life engagement.
In terms of axiology, the GASING method contains important educational values, such as perseverance, self-confidence, patience, and the spirit of continuous effort.
The learning process is not only focused on the cognitive aspect, but also includes the formation of positive character.
Furthermore, the GASING approach is related to the main principles of the philosophy of science, because it covers three important dimensions: ontology .
hat is the object of learnin.
, epistemology .
ow the process of knowledge occur.
, and axiology .
he purpose and value of that knowledg.
Thus, the GASING method is not only a teaching strategy, but also an educational approach based on an integrated scientific framework, human-centered, and supports the development of students' full potential.
REFERENCES