International Journal of Computer in Humanities
5(1)(2025) 20-29
Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

Japan’s Soft Power through Doraemon: Story of Seasons in
Enhancing Japan’s National Image
Ghiffary Salsabila Fauzia*, Sylvia Octa Putri, Fenny Febrianty.
* Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
*Corresponding Email: fauziasalsabila365@gmail.com

Abstract. This study examines the role of the game Doraemon: Story of Seasons as Japan
’s soft power in enhancing the country’s national image. This game, which combines
the iconic Doraemon character with the Story of Seasons gameplay concept, presents a
rich narrative and cultural elements. Through the semiotics analysis approach proposed
by Roland Gérard Barthes — including sign, signifier, signified — this research explores
how Japanese cultural representation is conveyed and received by global players
through theme, plot, characterization, setting, and point of view. The study’s findings
show that this game is not only a means of entertainment but also effectively introduces
traditional values, aesthetics, and the Japanese lifestyle. Thus, Doraemon: Story of
Seasons makes a positive contribution to strengthening Japan ’s national image on the
international stage through narrative-based cultural diplomacy.

Keywords: Cultural, Diplomacy, Doraemon, Game, Soft Power.

1. Introduction
In the modern digital era, nations leverage various strategies to expand their influence
globally, with culture serving as a crucial tool. Japan has successfully utilized its cultural assets
to strengthen its international presence through a concept known as soft power. Soft power,
as defined by Almakaty (2025), refers to a country's ability to shape global perceptions and
influence other nations through cultural appeal rather than coercion [1]. Among Japan's most
effective soft power tools are its popular media, particularly anime, manga, and video games
[2]. A prime example of Japan’s cultural diplomacy is the Cool Japan initiative, which
promotes the nation’s cultural products worldwide. One significant aspect of this initiative
is Japan’s gaming industry, which has gained international recognition for its engaging
narratives and cultural representation. This study focuses on Doraemon: Story of Seasons, a
collaborative effort between the iconic Doraemon franchise and the renowned Story of Seasons
game series. By analyzing this game, we examine how Japan utilizes video games as a medium
for soft power and cultural diplomacy.
Several studies have explored the role of media in Japans soft power strategy. The
globalization of Japanese popular culture and how its transnational appeal contributes to
shaping Japan’s image abroad [3]. Otmazgin (2012) examines the role of anime and manga in

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
5(1)(2025) 20-29
Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

Japan’s cultural diplomacy, emphasizing their economic and political impact [4]. Japanese
video games incorporate cultural narratives that appeal to global audiences [5]. Pellitteri (2021)
highlights how Doraemon, as a transmedia franchise, promotes Japan’s cultural heritage and
values worldwide [6]. Open-world gaming as a medium for storytelling and cultural
representation, reinforcing the connection between interactive entertainment a nd national
branding [7]. While previous studies have focused on anime, manga, and general aspects of
gaming in soft power, this research specifically examines the Doraemon: Story of Seasons
game and its contribution to Japan’s cultural diplomacy.
This study aims to analyze the denotative and connotative meanings embedded in
Doraemon: Story of Seasons, examine the representation of Japanese culture in the game, and
evaluate how Doraemon: Story of Seasons serves as a tool for Japan’s soft power strategy in
promoting its national image. To achieve this, the research employs a qualitative content
analysis approach. The primary data source is Doraemon: Story of Seasons, which is analyzed
through semiotic and narrative analysis to identify cultural representations and soft power
elements. Secondary data includes academic literature, articles, and reports on Japanese
cultural diplomacy and video game studies.
The study finds that Doraemon: Story of Seasons effectively incorporates Japanese cultural
themes through traditional farming practices and rural life representation, symbolic elements
such as seasonal festivals, food culture, and interpersonal relationships, and the integration of
Japanese ethical and moral values, reflecting collectivist and harmonious socia l principles.
Furthermore, the game fosters a positive perception of Japan by presenting an idyllic and
immersive experience that resonates with international audiences.
This study highlights the role of Doraemon: Story of Seasons in reinforcing Japan’s
national image through digital entertainment. By blending nostalgic elements of Doraemon
with the immersive storytelling of Story of Seasons, the game offers a unique platform for
cultural exchange. The findings contribute to the broader discussion on how video games
function as a medium for cultural diplomacy and national branding. Overall, this research
underscores the growing significance of gaming in Japan’s soft power strategy. As the global
gaming industry continues to expand, Japan’s use of video games as cultural ambassadors
will likely become even more influential in shaping international perceptions of the country.
2. Literature Review
The role of video games in shaping cultural perceptions and fostering international soft
power has been widely studied. Previous research suggests that games influence players'
perspectives on culture, morality, and social interaction [8]. Video games frequently
incorporate characters and settings inspired by diverse cultures, serving as vehicles for cultural
representation [9]. This phenomenon aligns with Japan’s longstanding tradition of using
media as a cultural export, particularly through anime, manga, and games under the Cool
Japan initiative.
Moral education is another key theme in gaming, especially in titles that reflect Japanese
societal values. Japan’s elementary schools implement structured moral education programs
[10], and Doraemon: Story of Seasons integrates these moral lessons. The game's characters,
modeled as elementary school students, reflect core Japanese values such as cooperation,
diligence, and respect [11]. This portrayal extends beyond entertainment, serving as an implicit
educational tool that introduces players to Japan’s moral philosophy [11].

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Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

Japan has previously leveraged games for cultural diplomacy, as seen in the success of
Pokémon Go, which disseminated elements of Japanese culture worldwide [12]. Comparative
studies of gaming soft power, work on Genshin Impact as China’s soft power tool, further
illustrate how video games can subtly promote national culture. Their research demonstrates
that Genshin Impact fosters global interest in Chinese history and traditions, reinforcing the
idea that gaming can function as a form of cultural outreach and diplomacy [13].
There was also a study in 2021 which showed personality traits (neuroticism and openness)
are associated with an increasing environmental concern. It also suggested a bidirectional
relationship between personality development and environmental factors.
The theoretical framework of this study is grounded in Roland Barthes’ semiotics theory,
which divides meaning into connotative and denotative levels [14]. According to Barthes,
connotation embodies ideological and cultural myths, transforming basic signs into deeper
social meanings. These myths, in turn, shape players’ perceptions and reinforce cultural
narratives. Applying this framework to Doraemon: Story of Seasons allows for an analysis of
how Japanese cultural symbols are embedded in the game and how they contribute to Japan
’s soft power.
Additionally, this study employs cultural diplomacy theory, which posits that nations
leverage cultural products to advance national interests and foster international goodwill [15].
Soft power underscores the significance of cultural appeal in global influence, distinguishing
it from coercive political power. Video games, as immersive cultural experiences, serve as
contemporary extensions of soft power by engaging global audiences through storytelling and
interactive participation [16].
Despite the extensive research on gaming and soft power, gaps remain in understanding
how specific Japanese game franchises contribute to national branding. While studies have
examined anime and general gaming trends, few have focused on Doraemon: Story of Seasons
and its role in Japan’s cultural diplomacy. The game’s integration of Japanese traditions,
moral education, and rural aesthetics presents a unique case study that warrants further
exploration.
In summary, existing literature highlights the intersection of gaming, cultural diplomacy,
and soft power. However, further research is needed to analyze how Doraemon: Story of
Seasons specifically enhances Japan’s global image. This study aims to fill that gap by
examining the game’s semiotic elements and their contribution to Japan’s cultural outreach
efforts.
3. Method
This research employs a qualitative method, as it is particularly relevant for exploring and
understanding the meanings individuals or groups assign to a social phenomenon. A
qualitative approach is appropriate for this study as it allows an in-depth analysis of the
narrative and dialogue within the game, capturing subtle details that quantitative methods
might overlook.
Data collection was carried out using observation and note-taking techniques. The
observation method, involves examining language use within the research object. This method
ensures a comprehensive understanding of how language functions in its natural context [17].
Additionally, listening is a crucial aspect of observation, where the researcher carefully hears
verbal symbols, interprets their meaning, and comprehends the messages conveyed through
spoken language. In this study, the researcher closely observed the narrative and dialogue

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
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Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

within the game, carefully noting relevant aspects that contribute to the research objectives
[18].
The note-taking technique, follows observation and involves documenting essential data
manually and digitally. The researcher recorded key parts of the narrative and dialogue
through detailed notes and screenshots, ensuring accuracy in data collection. This combination
of methods enabled a thorough analysis of the linguistic elements present in the game. Table
1 below is the data collected from the game Doraemon: Story of Seasons, which included sign
(in screenshot form), signifier, and signified.
Table 1. Sign, Signifier, Signified.
Sign

Signifier

Signified

Data
001

Nobita walks on
the farmland.
There are several
trees around
Nobita.

The trees
depicted have a
variety of green
and pink colors.

Data
002

Nobita
participates in a
watermelonsplitting contest
with the
townspeople.

Nobita
participates in a
watermelonsplitting contest
with the
townspeople.
This contest is an
annual event in
Shizen Town
every summer.

Data
003

Nobita fertilizes
gobo/burdock
plants.

Nobita fertilizes
gobo/burdock
plants.
Gobo/burdock is
a plant that can
be grown in the
fall season in this
game.

Data
004

A list of food
recipes that
Nobita can make.

Nobita can
prepare a variety
of dishes using
his agricultural
products as well
as ingredients
sourced from the
forest and sea.
Most of the
dishes made are
traditional

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
5(1)(2025) 20-29
Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

Sign

Signifier

Signified
Japanese foods
like tempura,
chikuzen-ni,
oden, and others.

Data
005

Doraemon and
Nobita
sympathize with
Harmon.

Doraemon and
Nobita show
sympathy for the
character,
Harmon, who is
described as an
orphan.

Data
006

Depiction of the
Harvest Goddess,
Vera, in the
future, before she
is swept into the
gigastorm.

Vera is a scientist
who likely comes
from the same
century as
Doraemon.
Because of her
advanced tools,
Vera was
considered the
Harvest Goddess
by the local
residents.

Data
007

Nobita and his
friends work
together to
retrieve the
golden leaf from
the Big Tree.

Despite frequent
arguments, the
five friends
manage to obtain
the golden leaf
from the Big Tree
thanks to their
teamwork. They
successfully save
the town from the
gigastorm.

Data
008

Giant, Suneo,
Shizuka, and
Nobita show
their new skills to
their mothers.

Giant, Suneo,
Shizuka, and
Nobita
demonstrate the
new abilities they
gained from
working in
Shizen Town to
their respective
mothers. Giant,
who works at the
carpenter’s shop,
makes a chair for

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
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Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

Sign

Signifier

Signified
his mother;
Suneo, who
works at the
restaurant,
prepares a
delicious meal for
his mother;
Shizuka, who
works at the
clinic, treats an
injured bird with
her mother; and
Nobita gives his
mother a radish
he grew in Shizen
Town.

4. Results and Discussion
The data we can find in the game Doraemon: Story of Seasons comes in the form of visual
signs, dialogue, and the game's mechanics themselves. According to Roland Barthes' semiotic
theory, the signs that appear reflect the assumptions of the audience of a literary work.
Therefore, a system of meaning is needed to analyze the meaning of the signs that emerge in
a literary work. The system of meaning proposed by Barthes consists of denotative meaning,
which serves as the signifier for connotative meaning, and connotative meaning, which is used
to express and justify values within a certain period [19]. Based on the obtained data, the
following is an analysis of denotative meaning:
(i)
Data 001
Nobita walks around his farmland, surrounded by trees in different colors, namely green
and pink.
(ii) Data 002
Nobita is at the beach with other town residents, participating in a summer event called
the watermelon-splitting contest. This game is commonly played during the summer in
Japan.
(iii) Data 003
Nobita fertilizes burdock plants, known as "gobo" in Japanese. The setting takes place in
autumn, as seen from the yellowing grass.

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
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Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

(iv)

Data 004
A list of recipes that Nobita can cook. The game offers a wide variety of recipes, ranging
from Western to Eastern dishes. Some Japanese dishes captured in the screenshots
include tempura and oden.
(v) Data 005
Doraemon and Nobita cry after learning that their new friend in Shizen Town, Harmon,
has no parents. Both characters express their sympathy for Harmon through dialogue
and facial expressions.
(vi) Data 006
Vera is a scientist who likely comes from the same century as Doraemon. She explains
that she is considered the Harvest Goddess because she brings advanced tools from the
future, including the Big Tree, which can control the weather.
(vii) Data 007
Nobita and his friends work together to obtain the golden leaf to stop the Big Tree from
unleashing a gigastorm. Despite their frequent quarrels, the five friends manage to
retrieve the golden leaf through teamwork. They successfully save the town from the
gigastorm.
(viii) Data 008
Giant, Suneo, Shizuka, and Nobita demonstrate the new skills they acquired while
working in Shizen Town to their respective mothers. Giant, who works at the carpenter
’s shop, makes a chair for his mother; Suneo, who works at the restaurant, prepares a
delicious meal for his mother; Shizuka, who works at the clinic, treats an injured bird
alongside her mother; and Nobita gives his mother a radish he grew in Shizen Town.
Based on the denotative interpretation of the signs that appear, the following is an analysis
of the connotative meaning of the obtained data:
(i)
Data 001
The game developers intend to depict spring as it is in Japan by adding pink trees,
representing cherry blossoms (sakura). With these additions, players can identify the
season through this iconic symbol of Japan.
(ii) Data 002
The watermelon-splitting game, commonly played during summer in Japan, introduces
Japanese culture in the game. By including this fun mini-game, international players can
experience a traditional Japanese activity through their gaming devices.
(iii) Data 003
Burdock or "gobo" in Japanese is a plant widely used in Japanese cuisine. Through the
farming feature, players are introduced to various crops commonly grown in Japan, like
burdock.
(iv) Data 004
The developers added a variety of traditional Japanese dishes, allowing players to
experience making Japanese food through the game. This in-game experience may spark
players' interest in trying these dishes in real life. For example, Harmon’s favorite dish,
chikuzen-ni, can be made using burdock grown on Nobita’s farm.
(v) Data 005
Doraemon and Nobita cry after learning the truth about their new friend Harmon, who
has no parents. Both characters are portrayed as empathetic and genuinely caring for
Harmon.

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International Journal of Computer in Humanities
5(1)(2025) 20-29
Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

(vi)

Data 006
Vera is a scientist likely from the same era as Doraemon. Instead of using magic, she
helps the town’s residents prevent crop failure with her advanced tools. Vera’s
character reflects the vision and intelligence associated with Japanese people, showing
their ability to create innovative tools that improve daily life.
(vii) Data 007
Nobita and his friends work together to obtain the golden leaf to stop the Big Tree from
unleashing a gigastorm. Despite their frequent quarrels, their teamwork enables them to
succeed. This collaboration ultimately saves the town from disaster.
(viii) Data 008
Giant, Suneo, Shizuka, and Nobita demonstrate the new skills they gained in Shizen
Town to their mothers. By applying what they learned and experienced in Shizen
Town, they show appreciation for their mothers through their work—whether by
crafting, cooking, healing, or farmingi.
From the findings of denotative and connotative meanings above, players are encouraged
to understand the portrayal of characters and stories that align with the moral education of
elementary school children in Japan, as mentioned in other research [19]. This includes
relationships with oneself (such as honesty and self-development), relationships with others
(such as politeness, friendship, respect between genders, and willingness to learn from others),
and relationships with nature and higher values (such as respect for forces beyond human
control, including nature and divinity) [19].
The elements that make up Doraemon: Story of Seasons contain moral values that can
influence player behavior, both through character portrayals and the game mechanics
presented by the developers. Doraemon: Story of Seasons can serve as an enjoyable alternative
for children's moral education, as it delivers its messages subtly—without being overly
didactic—yet remains direct and clear [20].
Based on this conclusion, Doraemon: Story of Seasons subtly yet firmly conveys the idea
that Japanese elementary school children uphold strong moral values through various signs.
As part of popular media, this game significantly influences global perceptions of Japan and
contributes to the country’s soft power.
As part of popular media, the game has a significant impact on global perceptions of Japan
and strengthens the country’s soft power. Here is an analysis of how the game shapes global
perceptions and enhances Japan’s soft power includes; introducing Japanese Rural Culture,
the game depicts life in the Japanese countryside, featuring beautiful natural landscapes, rice
fields, and traditional activities such as farming, fishing, and interacting with local
communities. International players gain an image of peaceful and harmonious rural Japanese
life, which contrasts with the urban image of Japan often portrayed in media. The game
includes seasonal festivals and local traditions, such as matsuri (Japanese festivals) and tea
ceremonies, allowing players to learn the importance of tradition and togetherness in Japanese
culture. Doraemon as a Cultural Ambassador, Doraemon is part of Japan’s soft power as an
iconic character globally recognized through anime, manga, and merchandise. His presence in
the game strengthens Japanese cultural identity. Players already familiar with Doraemon feel
more connected to the game, while new players are introduced to a character that symbolizes
Japanese popular culture. Doraemon often conveys values such as friendship, cooperation,
and creativity, which reflect Japanese cultural principles. These positive messages reinforce
Japan’s image as a nation that upholds moral and social values. Japanese Cuisine, another

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Journal homepage: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/injuchum

element of Japan’s soft power in the game is its cuisine. The game features various Japanese
dishes, such as oden, tempura, and chikuzen-ni, which players can cook using the ingredients
they grow. This exposure encourages players to become more interested in Japanese food and
perhaps try these dishes in real life.
The game strengthens Japan’s image as a country rich in culture, traditions, and positive
values such as harmony, hard work, and friendship. As a result, international players may see
Japan as an attractive destination to visit.
5. Conclusion
This study shows that Isabella experiences psychological inner conflict due to the external
pressures and inner conflicts she faces. Using Freud's psychoanalytic theory that focuses on
the id, ego, and superego, it is seen that Isabella experiences a shift from the id that is concerned
with survival, to the ego that adapts to the system, until the end of the story Isabella is
awakened to the superego which leads her to moral awareness to help the children escape.
This proves that external conflicts in one's environment play a significant role in shaping their
personality. The pressures and challenges a person faces can influence how they think, behave,
and make decisions. External conflicts are not just sources of stress; they also push individuals
to adapt, survive, or even change their beliefs and values. In this way, personality is not
something fixed but rather something that continuously evolves based on experiences and the
ever-changing dynamics of one's surroundings.
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