Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Volume 6 Nomor 2 (2024) 966-970 P-ISSN 2656-274x E-ISSN 2656-4691
DOI: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i2.5409

Analysis of Odd-Even Policies in Reducing Pollution Problems in
Jakarta
Ade Risna Sari1, Budi Sulistiyo Nugroho2, Restu Widyo Sasongko3, Agus
Bambang Nugraha4, Musran Munizu5
1 Tanjung Pura University, Indonesia. 2 PEM Akamigas, Indonesia. 3 Institut

Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri, Indonesia. 4 Satya Wacana Christian University,
Indonesia. 5 Hasanuddin University, Indonesia.
a.risna.sari@fisip.untan.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Pollution in Jakarta is one of the hot topics of discussion among the community. The
main factor causing air pollution in Jakarta is the increasing number of emissions due to the
increasing number of transportation vehicles. One solution to this problem is the Odd-Even
Policy. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the Odd-Even Policy in overcoming pollution
problems in Jakarta. This research is quantitative research with an explanatory approach,
namely research that uses previous research as a stepping stone to find new variations including
novelty and research gaps. The research results show that the Odd-Even Policy is effectively
implemented in order to reduce pollution problems in Indonesia.
Keywords: Pollution, Jakarta, Policy

INTRODUCTION
Jakarta is the largest city and the center of government in Indonesia. The
center of government is synonymous with dense cities, small geography, and a large
number of vehicles. This can cause air pollution and pollution in Jakarta (Mu’allimah
& Mashpufah, 2021).
Air pollution or also known as air pollution is a condition where there is one
or more physical, chemical or biological substances in the air (atmosphere) whose
amounts are at a dangerous point. In this case, air pollution can have an impact on the
health of humans, plants and animals. Apart from that, air pollution also causes other
dangerous impacts, because it can damage property and also disturb the aesthetics
and comfort of the environment. Air pollution is one type of environmental pollution,
alongside noise pollution, water pollution, light pollution and land pollution
(Perwitasari et al., 2021).
According to the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia
Number 1407 of 2002 concerning Guidelines for Controlling the Impact of Air
Pollution(KEPUTUSAN MENTERI KESEHATAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR
1407/MENKES/SK/XI/2002 TENTANG PEDOMAN PENGENDALIAN DAMPAK
PENCEMARAN UDARA, 2002), what is meant by air pollution is a decrease in air
quality to a certain level so that the ambient air cannot fulfill its function due to the
entry or introduction of substances, energy, from other components into the air. in

966 | Volume 6 Nomor 2 2024

Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Volume 6 Nomor 2 (2024) 966-970 P-ISSN 2656-274x E-ISSN 2656-4691
DOI: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i2.5409
the ambient air by human activities. The definition of air pollution was also explained
by Chambers, namely that air pollution is the addition of substrates or chemical or
physical substances into the air environment in certain quantities, so that they can be
felt by humans or measured and calculated and have an impact on living things.
According to Parker, air pollution is a change in the atmosphere caused by the entry
of natural or artificial contaminants into the atmosphere (Kinanta, 2023).
Meanwhile, according to Corman, air pollution is the condition of the presence
of contaminants in the atmosphere due to human actions. Air pollution can damage
the quality of the air itself and is caused by several sources, both living and non-living
sources. Air pollution also consists of several types or types. The following is a more
complete explanation of air pollution. There are a number of causes of pollution,
including motorbike and car exhaust, forest/land fires, industry, and so on. One factor
that can reduce pollution by reducing and eliminating its causes is the odd-even
policy(Lee & Greenstone, 2021).
The Odd-Even Policy in Jakarta is a policy of limiting motorized vehicles based
on number plates. This policy is implemented in accordance with Governor's
Regulation Number 88 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Regulation Number 155
of 2018 concerning Traffic Restrictions with an Odd-Even System. Not only to limit
the use of private transportation, the Odd Even policy in Jakarta is the commitment of
the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government to reduce the level of carbon emissions in
Jakarta (Peraturan Gubernur (PERGUB) Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta
Nomor 88 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 155
Tahun 2018 Tentang Pembatasan Lalu Lintas Dengan Sistem Ganjil Genap, 2019).
Researchers assume that this policy is the most effective in reducing pollution
problems in Jakarta because Jakarta has few forests and is not an industrial city.
Therefore, this research aims to analyze whether the Odd-Even Policy can reduce
pollution problems in Jakarta or not.
RESEARCH METHODS
This research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach, namely the
approach used to describe a phenomenon, in this case regarding the odd-even policy
as a solution to overcoming pollution problems in Jakarta (Manzilati, 2017). This
research uses secondary data obtained using the library research method in the form
of scientific journals, statutory regulations, websites, magazines and other reliable
sources (Sugiyono, 2019). The analysis technique in this research uses the data
collection method that the researcher mentioned above, selecting data, reducing the
most appropriate data, and finally drawing conclusions(Imam Gunawan, 2014).

967 | Volume 6 Nomor 2 2024

Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Volume 6 Nomor 2 (2024) 966-970 P-ISSN 2656-274x E-ISSN 2656-4691
DOI: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i2.5409
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Understanding Pollution and Its Causes
Air pollution or also known as air pollution is a condition where there is one
or more physical, chemical or biological substances in the air (atmosphere) whose
amounts are at a dangerous point. In this case, air pollution can have an impact on the
health of humans, plants and animals. Apart from that, air pollution also causes other
dangerous impacts, because it can damage property and also disturb the aesthetics
and comfort of the environment. Air pollution is one type of environmental pollution,
alongside noise pollution, water pollution, light pollution and land pollution
(Perwitasari et al., 2021).
According to the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia
Number 1407 of 2002 concerning Guidelines for Controlling the Impact of Air
Pollution (Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor
1407/MENKES/SK/XI/2002 Tentang Pedoman Pengendalian Dampak Pencemaran
Udara, 2002), what is meant by air pollution is a decrease in air quality to a certain
level so that the ambient air cannot fulfill its function due to the entry or introduction
of substances, energy, from other components into the air. in the ambient air by
human activities. The definition of air pollution was also explained by Chambers,
namely that air pollution is the addition of substrates or chemical or physical
substances into the air environment in certain quantities, so that they can be felt by
humans or measured and calculated and have an impact on living things. According
to Parker, air pollution is a change in the atmosphere caused by the entry of natural
or artificial contaminants into the atmosphere (Kinanta, 2023).
Meanwhile, according to Corman, air pollution is the condition of the presence
of contaminants in the atmosphere due to human actions. Air pollution can damage
the quality of the air itself and is caused by several sources, both living and non-living
sources. Air pollution also consists of several types or types. The following is a more
complete explanation of air pollution. There are a number of causes of pollution,
including motorbike and car exhaust, forest/land fires, industry, and so on. One factor
that can reduce pollution by reducing and eliminating its causes is the odd-even policy
(Lee & Greenstone, 2021).
Analysis of Odd-Even Policies in Reducing Pollution Problems in Jakarta
The Odd-Even Policy in Jakarta is a policy of limiting motorized vehicles based
on number plates. This policy is implemented in accordance with Governor's
Regulation Number 88 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Regulation Number 155
of 2018 concerning Traffic Restrictions with an Odd-Even System. Not only to limit
the use of private transportation, the Odd Even policy in Jakarta is the commitment of
the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government to reduce the level of carbon emissions in
Jakarta (Peraturan Gubernur (PERGUB) Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta
Nomor 88 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 155
Tahun 2018 Tentang Pembatasan Lalu Lintas Dengan Sistem Ganjil Genap, 2019).

968 | Volume 6 Nomor 2 2024

Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Volume 6 Nomor 2 (2024) 966-970 P-ISSN 2656-274x E-ISSN 2656-4691
DOI: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i2.5409
There are a number of reasons why the odd-even policy can have better
implications for reducing pollution in Jakarta compared to other policies. First,
related to efficiency. Efficiency is an activity carried out without wasting much time,
money and effort. The odd-even policy is more efficient to implement because it has
been implemented for a long time and can be a solution to other problems besides air
pollution, such as reducing congestion, vehicle mobility and the greenhouse effect.
Apart from that, solving various sources of problems is an effort to save costs
and efforts. Second, the suitability factor. In contrast to the pollution caused in other
cities, pollution problems are caused by forest fires, fields, etc. Meanwhile, Jakarta
does not have or only has forests and other open land. The biggest source of pollution
is because the central government of Jakarta is synonymous with traffic jams, piledup vehicle volumes, population density, and so on. So the most appropriate solution
to overcome this is to limit vehicle mobility with an odd-even policy.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the analysis above, it can be concluded that the oddeven policy implemented by the Jakarta Provincial Government is the most effective
policy in overcoming pollution problems compared to other policies because the main
cause of pollution in Jakarta is caused by excessive emissions due to the increasing
number of vehicles in Jakarta.
SUGGESTION
Researchers realize that this research has a number of shortcomings and even
errors, especially regarding the data and theory used. Therefore, researchers hope
that future research can be improved with more, credible, comprehensive and highquality data on air pollution.
REFERENCES
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Lee, K., & Greenstone, M. (2021). Polusi Udara Indonesia Dan Dampaknya Terhadap
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Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Volume 6 Nomor 2 (2024) 966-970 P-ISSN 2656-274x E-ISSN 2656-4691
DOI: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i2.5409
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