Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health: A Review of Literature Fitrio Deviantony1* .
Salwa Nirwanawati1 Mental Health Nursing Department.
Faculty of Nursing.
Universitas Jember.
Jember.
Indonesia Article History Submitted: 28-06-2025 Revised: 29-11-2025 Accepted: 01-12-2025 org/10.
58545/jkki.
Copyright .
2025 Fitrio Deviantony This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-SA License.
Abstract Background: Adolescence is an important period in a person's life, during which many physical, emotional, and social changes occur.
During this time, adolescents often face mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression, especially when they have difficulty adjusting to the changes.
Parenting strongly influences adolescents' mental health, as it can help them cope with problems, increase their self-confidence, and maintain their emotional well-being.
Aims: This study aims to investigate the impact of parenting on adolescents' mental health, examining both the positive and negative effects, and identifying the most effective approach to support adolescents' mental well-being.
Methods: This study employed a literature review of articles published between 2019 and 2024.
The articles were selected from various sources, including Google Scholar and PubMed.
The selection process resulted in 10 articles relevant to this topic.
Results: Research shows that parenting is closely related to adolescents' mental health.
Authoritative parenting, which combines control with emotional support, can improve adolescents' mental well-being.
Conversely, permissive or authoritarian parenting tends to be associated with mental health problems such as anxiety and depression in adolescents.
Conclusion: Parenting has a significant influence on adolescents' mental health.
Encouraging supportive parenting and providing space for self-development will help adolescents have better mental health.
Keywords: Parenting style.
Adolescent.
Mental health Correspondence Fitrio Deviantony.
Faculty of Nursing.
Universitas Jember.
Jalan Kalimantan 37 Jember.
Jawa Timur.
Indonesia 68121.
Email fitrio.
psik@unej.
How to cite:
Deviantony.
, & Nirwanawati.
Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health: A Review of Literature.
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 5.
, 325-337.
https://doi.
org/10.
58545/jkki.
BACKGROUND
Adolescence is a period during which changes (Santrock, 2007.
Hurlock, 2000, as a person experiences many significant cited in Azzahra et al.
, 2.
Adolescence changes in their life.
During this period, is a time when individuals search for their there is a transition from childhood to identity and adapt to the changes that occur in their lives.
It is hoped that adolescents can adapt to the changes that Deviantony .
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 occur to them, usually, adolescents will be 2020, as cited in Lubis & Mahendika, unstable and have difficulties in their social In this process, families, particularly life if they find it challenging to adapt and parents, play a crucial role in shaping their accept the changes that occur during this children's personality and mental health.
period, sometimes not a few adolescents at One of the factors that contributes to this time think they are mature enough and adolescent mental health problems is do not want to be treated like children parenting by parents (Prasetyo, 2021.
Ulya, (Saputro, 2018 in Azzahra, et al, 2.
Problems that usually occur in Yunanto.
Lubis Mahendika, 2.
adolescents are mental health problems.
Parenting is an interaction that Mental health is a condition where occurs between children and parents, encompassing physical, psychological, and well-being themselves, enabling them to explore their potential and overcome problems and Parenting Every family has a unique (Melisza et al.
, 2021, as cited in Sanjaya et parenting pattern that differs from other , 2.
The existence of mental health families in terms of child-rearing (Ayun, 2017, as cited in Putri, 2.
Families with psychological changes, one of which is good parenting patterns will also foster a their emotional state.
During this period, positive relationship between children and adolescents also face various challenges, parents, and vice versa.
Parents who treat including academic stress, peer pressure, children harshly will have an impact on the family conflicts, and social expectations child's mental and psychological health.
from their surrounding environment (Stecz This can affect the child's future life, some et al.
, 2020, as cited in Lubis & Mahendika, things that can be experienced by children Not infrequently, because of the who are treated harshly by their parents challenges that occur in this period, adolescents can experience mental health inconsistency, closing themselves, unable disorders such as depression and anxiety.
to control and difficulty expressing their this persists for a prolonged period, it can emotions, not having clear life goals, impact academics, health, and society, and dominant against parents, difficult to build in adolescents may extend to other aspects (Adikusuma.
Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 relationships and depend on others METHODS (Sanjaya, et al, 2.
The impact of parents who raise employed a research method that involved children with poor parenting, is that a comprehensive literature review strategy, children do not have clear life goals, and is challenging to make their own decisions.
Google Scholar and PubMed.
The literature this is because parents often regulate review used the range published from 2019 children's decisions, do not allow children In the search process, use to make their own decisions, they think Indonesian and English keywords.
In the children must obey parental decisions, and literature search using Indonesian with the want the child's environment to be keywords "pola asuh orang tua terhadap controlled by them, this makes children kesehatan mental" or "pengaruh parenting obedient but suffering, and low self-esteem terhadap mental remaja", while in the and social competence of children (Wolf, et al, 2.
Not infrequently, children who Auobey their parents' decisionsAy commit selfharm.
Self-harm or self-harm behavior is behavior that is intended to vent emotions by hurting, but does not have the purpose of suicide.
This is because children cannot express the emotions they contain, so they take these actions (Kartikasari et al.
, 2.
Based on the description above, this article will provide a deeper understanding of the impact of parenting on adolescent mental health.
By understanding good mental health, parents and the community can be concerned about the importance of the family's role in creating a English keywords "the influence of parenting on adolescent mental health" or "parenting of adolescent mental health" or "the role of parenting on adolescent mental health" or "parenting styles and mental health and The journal search process begins by identifying specific keywords.
During the search stage, 38.
384 journals matched the listed keywords.
The next stage is to conduct a screening of the journal's publication year, which aims to During the screening stage, 365 journals were identified as meeting the criteria.
Next, the publication enters the screening stage based on research criteria for inclusion and exclusion.
One mentally, emotionally, and socially strong hundred fifty journals met the inclusion young generation.
and exclusion criteria obtained in the Deviantony .
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 In the next stage, a total of 300 were deemed worthy of further research.
journals met the criteria.
Next, the 300 From the full-text screening, theme selected journals were screened again based on language, research methodology, methods, and results, 10 articles were results, and other predetermined factors.
After screening, ten journals were selected Screening search results are shown in the that met the predetermined criteria and PRISMA chart below.
Records identified through database searching at PubMed .
=28.
Additional record identified through google scholar.
English n Indonsia .
=10.
Records after duplicates removed .
=38.
duplicate Record screened .
Full-text articles assessed for eligibility .
= .
Record excluded .
= 38.
Studies that deviate from the topic .
Articles of results of conferences or proceedings .
Articles not full-paper .
Articles only contain abstracts .
Unpublished articles between 2018-2023 .
Not in Indonesian or English .
File not available in database .
oogle schola.
Full-text articles excluded .
= .
Respondents are adolescents and parents The research setting is at school or in the community Studies included in synthesis .
Figure 1.
PRISMA Flowchart of The Literature Search
RESULTS
consistently has a negative impact on After researching various articles, it adolescents' mental health, including was found that authoritarian parenting increased stress and a tendency towards Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 self-harm behaviors.
It is also often tends to give less attention to children, associated with negative relationships to shows the worst influence on mental In addition to parenting, the peer environment also plays a significant role, with its impact depending on the democratic parenting is the most widely adolescent's self-esteem.
Teens with high practiced approach and has been shown to self-esteem tend to be better able to have positive impacts on supporting maintain their mental health despite being adolescents' mental health.
However, in in a toxic environment or family.
some cases, permissive parenting, which Table 1.
Characteristic Finding Author Irsanin.
Kartikasari.
, et al.
Haniyah.
, et al.
Devita.
Sanjaya, et al.
Putri.
Ningrum.
, et al.
Maula.
, et al.
Lubis.
, et al.
Katz.
, et al.
Year Country Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Israel Design Quantitative correlation method Quantitative correlation method Descriptive quantitative method Quantitative analytic descriptive method Qualitative design Quantitative method Correlation analytic quantitative method Analytical quantitative method Descriptive method Descriptive statistics and correlation methods Table 2.
Result Finding No Author Title Objective Measurement Subject Results Irsanin.
The This study aims Authoritarian Students of Based on research that has et al.
Relationship of to determine parenting SMK Negeri 6 been conducted, adolescent Authoritarian the experiences questionnaire Surakarta who mental health is related to Parenting to of students at and mental are 15-18 years authoritarian parenting.
Adolescent SMK Negeri 6 old, totaling Authoritarian parenting can Mental Health Surakarta questionnaire 84 students.
affect the level of adolescent related to the mental health.
From the pressure felt study, it was found that due to adolescents with parents who practiced authoritarian parenting experienced higher mental health problems.
Deviantony .
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 Kartikasari.
The This study aims Parenting This study The distribution table shows et al.
Relationship to determine authority used a sample that 64.
4% of adolescents the relationship questionnaire received democratic Parenting Styles and deliberate students in parenting, while 27.
and Self-Harm self- harm junior high received authoritarian Behavior in patterns and schools three parenting, and only 7.
Early self-harm in Jember, received permissive Adolescents in behavior in aged 12-15 parenting.
This has quite an The adolescents at impact on self- harm behavior Agricultural three junior in adolescents in the Jember Area of Jember high schools in area with 84.
4% of Jember.
adolescents having committed such acts, and only two respondents .
who committed high intensity self- harm.
Meanwhile, there are .
4% of students who have never done self-harm.
3 Haniyah, et The This study aims Self-reporting This research This study shows 90.
9% of Relationship to determine questioner and respondents have mental Between the relationship conducted at health problems that are still Parenting.
SMKN 62 classified as mild and are Friends.
Living questionnaire South Jakarta included in the type of stress Environment parenting, peer mental health problems.
This interaction, the population of is closely related to Socioeconomics influence of 178 students.
authoritarian parenting as with Adolescent residence on much as 78.
5%, while other Mental Health parenting patterns such as mental health, 6% and as well as the Other influential factors are relationships with peers that are sometimes bad, and a status and crowded and noisy living atmosphere that mental health.
can cause mental health problems in adolescents.
Devita.
The This study was Strenght and The sample The results showed that there Relationship conducted to used in this was a relationship between prove the questionnaire study was 266 authoritarian, democratic.
Parenting and relationship and parental adolescents and permissive parenting Adolescent care style aged 10-19 with adolescent mental Mental years, in emotional problems.
In this Emotional patterns and Pekanbaru study adolescents tend to get Problems City Riau.
democratic parenting from parents as much as 63.
problems of followed by authoritarian adolescents in parenting as much as 19.
Tuah Raya and permissive parenting Village.
Riau.
In this study the most dominant variable affecting adolescent mental emotional problems is permissive This can be seen from the correlation Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 coefficient of the permissive parenting variable which is greater than democratic parenting, adolescent age, and parental Sanjaya, et Mental Health This study was Toxic The sampling Based on the results of in Adolescent conducted to of this interviews with the two Victims of determine the research was informants, it was found that Toxic Parenting mental health of carried out by the picture of mental health in Sidoarjo in adolescents who have who are victims interviews toxic parents can be different of toxic depending on how the teenager views and faces aged 13-19 every problem with his years, who live parents.
The impact felt by in Sidoarjo.
both informants due to toxic parents is having feelings of fear, closing themselves off, and also difficulty in expressing emotions.
Putri.
The This study aims Parenting style The sample The results showed that there Relationship to determine quetionnaire used in this is a relationship between Between Toxic the description study were toxic parents and mental Parents and of the students of However, in this Adolescent occurrence of Fatmawati research conducted, it Mental Health Toxic Parents Sukarno State produces positive values Conditions on adolescent University, because many students mental health Bengkulu migrate and live away from city semester people, thereby reducing the 1, 3 occurrence of toxic parents' and 5 aged 18- behavior.
In addition, many 23 years.
students also participate in organizational activities so that students do not think too much about these problems and spend time with their peers.
Ningrum.
The This research Parenting style The The results showed that the et al Relationship was conducted quetionnaire population in most common type of to see the this study parenting was democratic Parenting and relationship were 154 11th parenting with 90.
Mental Health grade science followed by authoritarian Disorders in students of 5%, and Adolescents patterns and SMA Negeri permissive parenting only mental health in A total of 66.
2% of adolescents at Karangrejo respondents indicated SMA Negeri 01 Tulungagung experiencing mental health Karangrejo.
City.
This shows that there is a relationship between parenting patterns and mental health problems in Deviantony .
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 The This study aims Strength and The sample Based on the results of the Relationship to determine used in this study, it is known that the relationship questionnaire study was 273 authoritarian parenting is the Parenting and and difficulties students in parenting pattern with Peer parenting and questionnaire grades X and respondents who have Environment XI at SMA abnormal mental health Negeri 2 categories with the highest Adolescent with adolescent Majalengka percentage.
Peer environment Mental Health mental health is also quite influential on at Sma Negeri 2 adolescent mental health, a Majalengka bad environment will increase mental health Lubis, et al.
The This study aims Parenting style This study The results showed a Relationship to determine used a sample significant relationship the relationship dimensions between parenting, peer Parenting Style, questionnaire, university pressure, self-esteem, and Peer Pressure, parenting, peer peer pressure students in adolescent mental health.
Self-Esteem, pressure, self- inventory, self- West Java.
Democratic parenting had a and Mental esteem, and achievement aged between positive impact on Health among mental health 18-25 years adolescents' self-esteem and Indonesian mental health and reduced Adolescents in Indonesian anxiety and vulnerability to peer pressure.
West Java stress scale.
In contrast, authoritarian students in parenting tends to have West Java.
negative effects, increasing vulnerability to peer pressure, and decreasing self-esteem and mental health.
Peer pressure was found to have a negative impact on adolescents' self-esteem and mental health, where adolescents who experienced pressure tended to have low self-esteem and poor mental In contrast, adolescents with high selfesteem tend to have better mental health.
Katz, et al.
When parents This study aims Parents' The sample of Results showed a correlation are inconsistent: to determine this study was between adolescents' reports Parenting style autonomy- 180 students of their involvement with and adolescents' patterns in supportive and in grades 7 cyberbullying, both as involvement in general and psychologically and 8 in Israel.
perpetrators/victims.
specifically in controlling Adolescents' involvement in cyberspace that style scale and cyberbullying, both as Cyberbullying perpetrators and victims.
Inventory.
tended to be higher when involvement in parents had a generally controlling parenting style and implemented inconsistent cyber mediation The effect of a controlling cyber mediation style is complex because it Maula, et Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
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php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 acts as a suppressor variable, so it needs to be analyzed in the context of the general parenting style applied by This research emphasizes the importance of understanding the interaction between specific cyber mediation and overall parenting style.
DISCUSSION
Most studies, 7 out of 10, addressed because the teenager's parents applied authoritarian parenting by giving harsh parenting and permissive parenting as punishment when making mistakes, the having a relationship and influence on many demands made by parents, and adolescent mental health.
The other three parents who did not provide facilities or studies addressed the relationship of toxic support in accordance with the demands parenting which also has an effect on adolescent mental health.
Authoritarian Research conducted by Kartikasari parenting shows the highest results .
indicates that democratic parenting is the parenting pattern most commonly Research conducted by Irsanin .
employed by parents.
Parenting patterns showed that authoritarian parenting is related to adolescent mental health.
behavior carried out by adolescents.
In the Adolescents with parents who apply authoritarian parenting experience higher authoritarian parenting showed high self- mental health problems.
This is also harm behavior, while other respondents supported by research (Haniyah, 2.
, who received democratic or permissive parenting showed low self-harm or none at parenting has a negative impact on Socio-cultural factors in the community adolescent behavior.
Adolescents who lack also influence the parenting style employed freedom tend to act without restraint when by parents, particularly in an agricultural their parents do not monitor them, and as a setting that allows parents to adapt their result, they often harbor unresolved approach to a more flexible one depending Research by (Maula et al.
, 2.
on the situation and conditions.
It can be said that parenting and the environment self-harm Deviantony .
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 affect adolescent mental health and self- examined showed an association between harm behavior.
The results of research parenting patterns and adolescents' mental conducted by Lubis .
also show that adolescents who get democratic parenting identified several parenting styles that tend to have good mental health and positive self-esteem, while those who get namely democratic, authoritarian and authoritarian parenting tend to have poor permissive parenting.
To mitigate the mental health and negative self-esteem.
emotional health.
The less-than-ideal Parents rarely apply permissive parenting, parents are advised to adopt parenting to adolescents, but those who more democratic parenting approaches by receive permissive parenting also show providing emotional support, fostering that it affects adolescents' emotional and open communication, and establishing mental problems, according to research clear yet non-stressful boundaries.
conducted by Devita .
In permissive parenting, parents give their children understanding of the importance of freedom, fearing that they will act without adolescent mental health through family restraint when they are given freedom.
education and counselling programs can However, this has a negative impact because parents are often perceived as not environment for their children.
caring about their children and tend to give in to everything teenagers want, or even refuse to know what their children want.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
The The results showed that permissive conceptualization, data collection and parenting also has the potential to cause analysis Mulia Hakam.
Lula Apriliya Puteri mental and emotional health problems in Bintari.
Jon Hafan Sutawardana.
Writing and manuscript revisions: Mulia Hakam
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Based on a literature review of 10 The author want to thank you for the research journals, there is evidence of a the Seruni Room of dr.
Soebandi Regional strong relationship between parenting and Hospital of Jember that facilatatedthis adolescent mental health, which is revealed in this study.
A total of 7 out of 10 journals Exploring the Role of Parenting in Shaping Adolescent Mental Health Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) Volume 5 Issue 3.
December 2025, pp 325-337 https://ebsina.
id/journals/index.
php/jkki eISSN 2503-2801, pISSN 2985-3435 Gautam.
Rahman.
Hashmi.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in this research.
Socioeconomic inequalities in child and adolescent mental health in Australia: the role of parenting style
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
and parentsAo relationships.
Child The data are available from the Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 18, corresponding author upon reasonable https://doi.
org/10.
1186/s13034-024- .
REFERENCES