9
KomunikA Vol.
No.
KomunikA Journal homepage: https://komunika.
Family Communication Patterns in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse in Binjai City.
North Sumatra Province Lia Riani*1 .
Mazdalifah2 .
Dewi Kurniwati3 1Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Perlindungan Anak dan Masyarakat Kota Binjai.
Binjai, 20724.
Indonesia 2Program Studi Magister Ilmu Komunikasi.
Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Medan, 20155.
Indonesia 3Program Studi Magister Ilmu Komunikasi.
Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Medan, 20155.
Indonesia Corresponding Author: lieya4617@gmail.
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 27 December 2024 Revised: 20 March 2025 Accepted: 30 March 2025 Available online https://talenta.
id/komunika/ E-ISSN: 2807-596X
P-ISSN: 0216-003X
How to cite:
Riani.
Lia, et all .
Family Communication Patterns Preventing Child Sexual Abuse in Binjai City.
North Sumatera Province.
KomunikA 21 .
DOI
32734/komunika.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Atribution -ShareAlike 4.
0 International.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis Pola Komunikasi Keluarga Dalam Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual Pada Anak di Kota Binjai Provinsi Sumatera Utara.
Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah komunikasi antar pribadi, komunikasi keluarga, dan kekerasan seksual pada anak yang relevan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan Informan penelitian ini sebanyak enam keluarga dengan kriteria orangtua/wali yang memiliki anak perempuan/laki-laki yang tinggal di Kelurahan Damai Kecamatan Binjai Utara Kota Binjai, tidak pernah tercatat sebagai pelaku kekerasan seksual maupun korban kekerasan seksual serta tinggal satu rumah dengan anaknya.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dalam mencegah kekerasan seksual pada anak, keluarga di Kelurahan Damai Kecamatan Binjai Utara Kota Binjai melakukan pola komunikasi seimbang terpisah .
allance split patter.
Bentuk pesan yang digunakan dalam mencegah kekerasan seksual pada anak yaitu bentuk pesan informatif dan Faktor yang mengefektifkan komunikasi keluarga dalam mencegah kekerasan seksual pada anak di Kelurahan Damai adalah lingkungan sekitar.
Pemerintah setempat aktif mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pencegahan kekerasan seksual pada anak serta tingginya kepedulian masyarakat sekitar terhadap perlindugan anak yang dapat dilihat dari adanya gerakan swadaya masyarakat seperti gerakan Anak Damai Mengaji.
Komunitas Peduli Yatim Al-MaAoun, dan yang terakhir adalah membentuk tim pendamping kasus Hambatan utama komunikasi keluarga dalam mencegah kekerasan seksual pada anak adalah psycological noise atau hambatan psikologi.
Mereka cenderung merasa tabu membicarakan hal yang terkait dengan seksualitas baik antara ayah dengan anak perempuannya ataupun ibu dengan anak laki-laki.
Kata Kunci : Pola Komunikasi.
Keluarga.
Kekerasan Seksual
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to analyze Family Communication Patterns in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse in Binjai City.
North Sumatra Province.
The theories used in this research are interpersonal communication, family communication, and child sexual abuse which are relevant to the research conducted by researchers.
The research method used in this research is descriptive research method with a qualitative approach.
The informants of this study were six families with the criteria of parents / guardians who have daughters / sons who live in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
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26594/register.
have never been recorded as perpetrators of sexual violence or victims of sexual violence and live in the same house with their children.
The results showed that in preventing sexual violence against children, families in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City carried out a balanced split pattern of The forms of messages used in preventing child sexual abuse are informative and persuasive.
Factors that make family communication effective in preventing child sexual abuse in Kelurahan Damai are the surrounding environment.
The local government actively educates the community about the prevention of sexual violence against children and the high level of concern of the surrounding community for child protection, which can be seen from the existence of self-help movements such as the Anak Damai Mengaji movement, the Al-Ma'un Orphan Care Community, and the last one is forming a women's case assistance team.
The main obstacle to family communication in preventing sexual violence against children is psychological They tend to feel taboo talking about things related to sexuality between fathers and daughters or mothers and sons.
Keywords: Communication Patterns.
Family.
Sexual Violence Introduction Family is a place for a child to get the first experience of life.
Ideally in a family, children get love, attention, protection, education, health, and even conflicts that can enrich the child's experience.
The family is the main guardian in protecting children from all forms of threats, because children start life as entirely dependent creatures.
They depend on adults for the care and direction that will foster their development towards independence .
Communication that occurs in a family cannot be equated with communication that occurs in other Each family has its own communication pattern.
The relationship between parents and children is generally determined by the attitudes and behaviors of parents, both attitudes related to domination and affection (Rahmah, 2.
In reality, there are parents who are indifferent, indulgent, dominating, open, familiar and friendly with their children.
Children who live with effective family communication patterns will become independent children.
Syukur .
2: .
states that parents must understand the psychological development of children so that parents are able to apply good and effective communication to children.
Good communication certainly has the same meaning as the sender, namely the parent as the sender and the child as the receiver with the hope that the child can understand and be able to protect himself so as to avoid acts of violence.
When parents and children can understand each other, it creates a good relationship between family members.
But unfortunately, not all parents are able to apply good communication in their respective family lives.
Nowadays, many parents have difficulty in understanding their children's behavior.
This can be seen from the many cases of violence involving children, both as perpetrators and as victims of the violence One of the most common forms of violence involving children is sexual violence.
The family as the smallest group unit in society is the main fortress in protecting and preventing sexual violence against The results of Mazdalifah and Moulita's research .
state that assistance and communication are important in dealing with the large amount of information on the internet that is freely available, including information related to pornography and violence which is feared to have a negative influence on children's mental development.
National women's commission .
defines sexual violence as any act that degrades, humiliates, harasses, and/or attacks a person's body, and/or reproductive function, due to inequality in power relations and/or gender, which results in or can result in psychological and/or physical suffering, including those that interfere with a person's reproductive health and loss of opportunity to carry out education safely and Actions that are included in acts of sexual violence against children include Touching the child's body sexually, whether the child is wearing clothes or not, any form of sexual penetration, including penetration into the child's mouth using objects or limbs.
Making / forcing children to engage in sexual activity, intentionally carrying out sexual activities in the presence of children, or not protecting and KomunikA Vol.
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preventing children from witnessing sexual activities carried out by others, making, distributing and displaying pictures or films containing scenes of children in indecent poses or actions, showing children, pictures, photos or films featuring sexual activity .
The Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection through the SIMFONI PPA application (Online Information System for the Protection of Women and Childre.
shows that the number of cases of violence against children has increased significantly every year.
In 2019 there were 11,057 cases of violence against children, in 2020 it increased by 221 cases to 11,278, in 2021 it reached 14,517 cases, in 2022 there was also an increase, namely to 16,106 cases.
The type of violence experienced by children is dominated by sexual violence which reached 9,588 cases for 2022.
The data listed on the SIMMFONI PPA application is corroborated by the many news reports about sexual violence against children in various media.
Some time ago, we were shocked by the news spread on Tik-Tok through the upload of the account owner @Mommychutela who reported on the condition of a girl in Langkat Regency, grade 5 elementary school aged 12 years who was a victim of sexual violence and at the time the news was uploaded the child was 8 months pregnant as a result of the sexual violence she The news uploaded by merdeka.
com online media is no less sad where a sports teacher in Tanjung Balai City has the heart to rape his own 14-year-old student with the mode of improving grades, then the news uploaded by detik.
com about siblings aged 8 years, 6 years and 4 years in Batam City who were victims of sexual violence by their own biological father.
These incidents show that sexual violence against children can occur anywhere, anytime and is committed by anyone, be it friends, teachers or even Media coverage of more and more cases of child abuse can be a measure of the low awareness of parents in providing protective functions to children.
Children have a high level of dependence and low ability to protect themselves so they tend to become victims of sexual violence (Noviana, 2.
The protection function can be carried out with family communication.
Kurniati.
Dewi .
mentioned that parents can communicate the positive and negative impacts of the media, especially television, which has increased the amount of sexuality content over the past few decades.
Parents can communicate the importance of protecting themselves and anticipating sexual violence.
Children tend to be victims of sexual violence, although it is not denied, in some cases there are children who become perpetrators of sexual violence themselves.
Sexual violence against children has physical, psychological and social impacts.
Physically, it can be seen from the wounds on the body, pregnancy in children to the infection of sexually transmitted diseases.
Psychologically, the child will be traumatized and if not handled properly the trauma will exist until adulthood and even in some cases child victims of sexual violence become perpetrators of sexual violence as adults.
Socially, the impact of crimes of sexual violence against children is the stigma and discrimination from the environment which results in children as victims isolating themselves from the community.
These feelings arise because children as victims of sexual violence feel they have low self-esteem, feel worthless, feel unworthy, and do not deserve to hang out with their friends .
org, 2.
The magnitude of the impact caused by sexual violence on children makes us realize that the role of various parties is needed in reducing the number of sexual violence in children.
This research was conducted in Binjai City.
North Sumatera Province.
The Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of Binjai City noted that the number of cases of child abuse in 2021 reached 56 cases and in 2022, the number of cases of child abuse reached 40 cases.
Meanwhile, data obtained from the Binjai Polresta for Women and Children Services, stated that in 2021 there were 61 cases of child abuse and in 2022 there were 66 cases of child abuse.
From this data, the acts of violence committed included cases of sexual violence against children.
An example of a previous study that also discussed family communication and the prevention of sexual violence which can be used as a reference in this research is research conducted by Desi Maulida and Safrida which was published in Global Communication Journal number 9 .
dated 27 June 2020 entitled Parent and child communication in preventing premarital sex.
The aim of this research is to find out the extent of education and the application of rules by parents to prevent premarital sex.
This research shows that awareness of the importance of education about sex and the dangers of premarital sex by mothers KomunikA Vol.
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as parents is still very minimal, because it is considered too taboo and teenagers do not deserve information related to sex.
This results in teenagers misinterpreting information and even using information which results in teenagers misinterpreting information and even using that information to do bad things such as premarital sexual behavior without binding rules from their parents.
The method used in this research is the same as that used by researchers, namely a qualitative approach and the same describes how parent and child communication/family communication informs regarding children's sexual behavior.
Similar research has also been conducted by Reni Dwi Septiani with the title of research on the importance of Family Communication in the Prevention of cases of sex violence in Early Childhood.
This research was published in the children's education journal volume 10 .
, 2021.
The aim of this research is to determine the importance of interpersonal communication between parents and their children, especially those at an early age.
The results of the study show that maintaining communication and creating openness in communication so that parents know and detect early on what their children are feeling and respect and appreciate each other between parents and children so that a harmonious atmosphere is created in The purpose of this research is a target that the researcher wants to achieve in carrying out research, the objectives of this study include analyzing the family communication patterns used in preventing sexual violence against children, to analyze the form of family communication messages in preventing sexual violence against children and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors of family communication in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
Methode The research method used in this research is descriptive research method with qualitative approach.
The researcher chose a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach because the research question relates to communication patterns in the family.
According to the researcher, to answer quest\ions about family communication it would be more appropriate to use research methods that involve interpretation rather than using quantification.
The qualitative approach also gives researchers the advantage that they can observe non-verbal responses that can be a support or test tool for verbal responses given by research informants (Sobur, 2013: .
The data used in this study are data related to communication patterns, forms of messages and supporting and inhibiting factors of family communication involving 6 parents as research subjects.
The research subject criteria used are as follows:
Parents/guardians who have daughters/sons who live in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
Parents/guardians and their children have never been registered as perpetrators of sexual violence or victims of sexual violence.
Parents/guardians who live in the same house as their children.
Here researchers present data informants in matrix:
Table 2.
Data Informant Name Informant Number of children Informant 1 Informant 2 Informant 3 Informant 4 Informant 5 Informant 6 Address Jl.
Bali Jl.
Bali Jl.
Mt.
Haryono Jl.
Kaktus Jl.
Jawa Jl.
Sumatera Source: Refined Researchers : 2023 Accurate data in this study were obtained using in-depth interview data collection techniques and non-participant observation.
The data obtained were then presented using qualitative data analysis techniques by presenting the analysis descriptively with the Miles and Huberman interactive model.
This KomunikA Vol.
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model consists of four activities, namely data collection, data condensation, data display and conclusion drawing verifying.
The data was then tested for validity using triangulation techniques.
The triangulation informants in this study were the children of the research subjects, the Head of Kelurahan Damai and Commission B of the Binjai City DPRD in charge of protecting women and children.
Results and Discussion Results Based on interviews that have been conducted by researchers, it shows that parents realize family communication as the formation of a pattern of life where in the family there are elements of education, shaping attitudes and shaping children's behavior that affects child development.
Therefore, parents always try to keep communication with the family as often as possible.
As stated by informant 5 and informant 6 who said that in their families they always carry out family communication.
Family communication patterns are also distinguished based on whether there is a division of roles in the implementation of family communication, as stated by informant 1 that in giving affirmation or reprimand, his son listens more to his father.
AuNo one dominates in speaking, all the same, it's just that there are times when the mother conveys the child likes to trivialize but if the father conveys, there is fear.
If the father says it's not allowed, the child immediately does it.
Ay (Informant 1, interview 2.
Informant 3 also said the same thing that when discussing matters that are considered serious in her family, her husband plays more of a role.
For matters relating to hobbies and safety, her husband is more instrumental in conveying messages to her children.
AuThe father usually talks about serious things.
For example, when his son has a problem.
He also talks.
But I still do most of the talking because the children are all girls.
Ay .
nformant 3, interview 2.
In his family communication, no one dominates the conversation, but when conveying certain matters, especially those related to sex education and prevention of sexual violence.
Informant 5 gives more opportunities to his wife.
AuIt's the same.
Sometimes if I don't say it, my wife takes turns to say it.
Or if it is related to special matters such as those related to women, it is usually the wife who conveys.
Because my child happens to be a girl.
So it's better if a fellow woman conveys it.
Ay (Informant 5, interview 2.
Informant 5 also mentioned that although there is a division of roles in delivering sexual violence prevention messages to his children.
He still helps and supports his wife by giving emphasis.
To ensure that the sexual violence prevention messages conveyed by his wife can be received and implemented properly by his children.
AuWhen it comes to preventing sexual violence, the mother is usually more specific.
For me, it's the specific one is usually the mother.
I emphasize what has been conveyed by his mother.
Au (Informant 5, interview 2.
Communication patterns in the family can also be seen based on the opportunities given to family members in expressing opinions, listening and asking for something.
Families in Kelurahan Damai give equal opportunities to all family members when conducting family communication.
No one dominates the conversation when doing family communication.
As the results of the researcher's interview with AuNo one dominates, everything flows by itself.
Ay (Informant 1, interview 2.
Informant 6 also said that in family communication carried out in his house no one dominates the conversation, all family members get the same opportunity to express opinions, listen and ask for AuWe all have the same voice.
So we take turns.
If the older sibling talks, the younger sibling also KomunikA Vol.
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chimes in.
Sometimes it's seloro, sometimes it's really true.
Later, if the younger sibling is being told, the older sibling will also join in.
Yes, this is good, this is good, this is good.
All supervise each other later report to each other.
Ay .
nformant 6, interview 2.
Family communication is essential for child development and protection.
Nowadays, more and more parents realize that good communication with the family can provide protection to all family members, especially to children who are still searching for themselves.
Sexual violence prevention messages have been delivered from an early age.
Parents provide understanding and awareness to children regarding the prevention of sexual violence through persuasive messages.
Such as keeping which parts of the body can be touched and should not be touched.
Based on interviews that researchers conducted with informant 3 and informant 4, messages to prevent sexual violence in the form of persuasive messages to their children so that their children are more introspective.
These messages have been conveyed since the child was young.
AuSince childhood.
I have told the children that if someone wants to hold this, holding this is not But I don't remember the first time.
I usually tell them when something happens or they tell me about it themselves.
I was told by my friend that this is what I did.
That's when I started inserting messages for him that it's not good, it's not allowed.
Even though they already have the basics from Ay (Informant 3, interview 2.
Au.
Since they were little, even though they are boys.
I often told them not to want to be held, it's a sensitive thing.
Even joking is not allowed.
Ay (Informant 4, interview 2.
A persuasive message was also conveyed by informant 1 to prevent child sexual abuse.
Informant 1 gave a message that his children should always ask permission from their parents when they want to play outside the home.
AuAnyway, if you want to play, you always ask me and the father first, who do you play with, where? Anyway, where must be known.
Ay (Informant 1, interview 2.
In addition to persuasive messages, parents also convey informative messages to prevent sexual violence against children.
Through informative messages, parents provide examples of the impact and consequences that will occur if they are unable to protect themselves from sexual violence.
As conveyed by informant 1 who said that his child is always given information to prevent sexual violence so that his child can protect himself and be more careful.
Au.
There happened to be an example of young marriage.
She knows.
I told him: Si X is still in the second grade of junior high school and she got married because she was pregnant outside of marriage.
Look at her situation! At this time.
Adek is still happy to play with friends, he can't go anywhere because he has to take care of children.
Ay (Informant 1, interview 2.
Messages to prevent sexual violence are delivered in an informative form to their children.
accordance with the facts and data that occur around.
AuFirst of all.
I always pay attention to who he associates with, where, then besides that.
I also often provide guidance, direction, sometimes while sitting watching TV we give examples, there are also television, we direct it like what.
Ay (Informant 5, interview 2.
Effective family communication is certainly the hope of all families.
There are several supporting factors that result in effective communication between parents and children in Kelurahan Damai, based on the results of interviews that researchers have conducted with informant 3, mentioning other supporting factors that facilitate children's communication with parents is Kelurahan Damai creating a forum for children and parents to be aware of abuse by creating positive activities for children and the importance of communication between parents and children by providing counseling.
AuThere are often activities here ma'am.
PKK.
BKB, recitation, youth Posyandu, mosque youth, there are also traditional game facilities so our children have many positive activities.
Their time is spent on KomunikA Vol.
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Ay (Informant 3, interview 2.
Informant 6 also mentioned that the neighborhood around his house is safe because the children in Kelurahan Damai are busy from morning to evening with positive activities organized by the kelurahan government or by local residents.
AuThis neighborhood is safe, you could say it's safe.
Because the children here from morning to evening have many activities.
There are many free recitations here.
The teenagers are also active in joining the mosque youth.
So their time is spent on positive activities.
Incidentally, there are many donors here.
Already the recitation is free, the recitation teacher is paid, then these children are given bread when they come.
On Fridays, this person gives them rice.
So these children are happy.
Ay (Informant 6, interview 2.
The environment also greatly influences parents' knowledge of the importance of communication between parents and children.
Like the results of the researcher's interview with informant 6 who said that he gained a lot of knowledge, especially regarding the prevention of sexual violence against children, from recitations, village activities, attending counseling.
BKB activities in the village.
AuI know the knowledge from recitations, then from the activities of the village activities, participating in counseling.
BKB activities in the village, then from the instincts of a mother.
the name mother must have an instinct to always look after her child.
Ay (Informant 6, interview 2.
It cannot be denied that in communicating within the family, there are several factors that hinder The existence of a sense of taboo against children is also still one of the factors that hinder communication in the family.
As the results of the researcher's interview with informant 1 AuFor the father, because maybe our child is a girl.
His father more often communicates in general, related to goals, school, and jokes, but if it is about sexual education, his father leaves it to me.
If I deliver the message, the child is not embarrassed to receive the message because she is a fellow womanAy (Informant 3, interview 2.
Infoman 3 also stated that in relation to the delivery of sexual violence prevention messages, it is mostly mothers who convey them to children.
AuThe father usually talks about serious things.
For example, when the child has a problem, they joke around too.
But when it comes to sexual matters.
I am still the one who talks the most because the children are all girls.
Ay In addition to girls, the taboo about sex education is also experienced by parents to boys.
As the results of interviews conducted by researchers with informant 2:
AuWhen it comes to parts of the body that can be touched and should not be touched.
I talk to girls.
it's a boy, no.
Because if you talk about it like that to this boy it's a bit awkward.
He is also embarrassed when talking about it.
If it's to girls.
I often tell them that if they're playing with their cellphones, don't look at anything that's not okay.
Ay Similar to what other informants experienced, researchers found the same communication barriers with other parents.
The norms and culture of the local environment influence the way parents convey messages related to sexual education.
Mothers are considered more appropriate and can freely talk about sexual education to children.
The division of roles in communicating in the family related to sexual education, especially the prevention of sexual violence in children, has become a culture for generations.
2 Discussion The discussion of the research findings is adjusted to the research objectives, namely analyzing family communication patterns in preventing sexual violence in children, analyzing the form of family communication messages in preventing sexual violence in children, and identifying supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of family communication in preventing sexual violence in children KomunikA Vol.
No.
in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
North Sumatra Province.
The three main topics of discussion will be described logically and systematically by researchers by looking at several previous similar studies and using supporting theories in the form of communication styles and cultural adaptation as an analysis knife.
Family communication patterns in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
North Sumatra Province.
Based on the interviews conducted by the researchers, families in Kelurahan Damai are aware of the importance of communication in the family.
Families in Kelurahan Damai are active in communication with their respective families.
They realize that family communication is very important for child development and is able to provide protection to all family members, especially to children who are still looking for their identity.
Communication patterns and processes are key elements in fulfilling family functions (Thoyyibah.
Zurriyatun.
2021: .
Communication patterns in each family vary depending on which pattern is most suitable for each family.
Family communication patterns according to Devito.
6: .
consist of four types, namely Equality pattern.
Ballance split pattern.
Unballanced split pattern.
Monopoly pattern.
The results showed that families in Kelurahan Damai used a ballance split pattern of communication in preventing child sexual abuse.
Each individual in the family shares equal rights in communication Husband and wife share roles with discussion and mutual agreement.
The father acts as the head of the household who earns a living outside the home.
Meanwhile, the mother at home focuses more on domestic activities such as taking care of the house and supervising children.
Although there is a division of roles, both father, mother and children help and support each other in carrying out their respective roles.
Family communication is honestly open, direct and free from power sharing.
Everyone has equal rights in the decision-making process.
There is a balance in communication.
This pattern reveals that the equality of relationships is maintained but in this pattern also each person holds control or power in their respective Family communication in Kelurahan Damai is balanced.
Each family member has the same opportunity to express an opinion, listen or ask for something.
No one dominates in family communication.
However, regarding the prevention of sexual violence against children, the father leaves it to the mother to convey advice because the father still feels taboo to talk about sexual matters with children.
But in that case the father does not leave it entirely to the mother.
If the child is experiencing problems that's where the father plays a role to give advice.
In addition, the child is more obedient to the father so that the child listens more to what his father says.
The form of family communication messages in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
Messages can be seen in terms of substance or content.
Widjaya.
W .
0: .
divides messages into three including informative, persuasive and coercive.
The first form of message is informative.
In this form the message contains information .
acts and dat.
then conclusions and decisions are taken by the communicant himself.
In certain situations informative messages are more successful than persuasive The second form of message is persuasive, which is a form of persuasive message, is a message containing persuasion, namely arousing human understanding and awareness that what we convey will provide an attitude to change.
The change in question is a change of one's own free will.
Changes like this are not due to force but are accepted with openness from the recipient.
The third form of message is Coercive is a form of message that is coercive in nature, if not implemented, sanctions will be A popular form of core delivery is agitation with emphasis that fosters inner pressure among the Coercive can take the form of orders, instructions, and else.
In this case, researchers found that the form of messages used in family communication to prevent sexual violence against children in the Damai Binjai Utara is informative and persuasive.
The persuasive form as the researcher explained earlier is a form of message that contains information, facts or data then conclusions and decisions are taken by the communicant himself.
Furthermore, the form of persuasive KomunikA Vol.
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messages is a form of message that contains persuasion to arouse human understanding and awareness that what we convey will provide an attitude to change.
Parents in Kelurahan Damai convey messages to their children based on facts that occur in the surrounding environment and news that they see on social media and television.
With these facts, children who are given education related to the prevention of sexual violence, will accept the message so that it makes children more introspective.
With the information obtained by parents, children are more easily persuaded to keep themselves safe and always communicate with parents about the child's life.
Such as school activities, relationships with friends to feelings or romance experienced by the child.
Effective communication in the family can minimize the occurrence of sexual violence in children, both girls and boys.
The informative and persuasive messages conveyed by parents in Kelurahan Damai are in line with the procedures for protecting children from sexual crimes conveyed by Grace.
Mellissa .
, a public figure and child psychologist (Source: IG: @Mellissa_grac.
Teach children about the process of growth and development .
exual educatio.
according to their age level, so that children have knowledge and Auself-awarenessAy or self-awareness about the process of growth and development physically, emotionally, socially.
Provide knowledge and rules for the formation of healthy behavior related to the child's growth and development process.
Such as teaching children to recognize and use the names of their body parts according to their biological names, including naming their gender, for example penis, vagina.
Children become accustomed to communicating appropriately, so that when they need help from others, they can communicate in a language that is understood by the public.
Teach the child about AuSelf Protective BehaviorAy, such as forbidding the child to talk to strange or unknown adults.
When the child is hesitant to fulfill other people's requests, the child needs to ask the parents first.
Children need to practice saying AuNo, thank youAy to gifts from strangers.
Supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of family communication in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
Researchers in this study found that in addition to the attitude of parents who have good communication patterns and children who have positive open-mindedness to their parents' advice.
The environment is a supporting factor in implementing family communication in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
The surrounding environment supports family communication through activities carried out both from the kelurahan government and from local community groups.
The results showed that the local village government often carries out education both in the form of socialization and community activities involving various age groups such as PKK.
BKB.
Posyandu.
Children's Forum.
PATBM, etc.
So that both parents and children in Kelurahan Damai have adequate knowledge related to violence prevention, especially sexual violence.
Thus, both parents and children in Kelurahan Damai have adequate knowledge regarding the prevention of violence, especially sexual violence.
The local community also has a high social sensitivity, forming a child-friendly environment through the 'Anak Damai Mengaji' movement, the AlMaun orphan care community and the women's case assistance team.
Families in Kelurahan Damai realize that one of the efforts that can be made in preventing sexual violence against children is to provide positive activities for children, one of which is the Koran.
Through this movement, all children in Kelurahan Damai who are Muslim can recite the Quran for free at Madrasah Miftahul Jannah.
MDTA Muhammadiyah.
TK Miftahul Jannah and Rumah Qur'an Mualim Ahmad.
Children who fill their spare time with the Quran can narrow the opportunities for child sexual abuse.
Because of this, parents in Kelurahan Damai have taken it upon themselves to create a religious environment by providing positive activities not only for their children but also for the less fortunate children who live in Kelurahan Damai by creating the 'Peaceful Children's Movement'.
Another activity is to form the Al-Ma'un Orphan Care Community.
Parents are the first to be responsible for the realization of children's welfare both spiritually, physically and socially .
epublic of Indonesia.
Law No.
4 of 1979 article .
Orphans and poor children are prone to not having their welfare fulfilled spiritually, physically and socially.
This situation makes orphans and the poor prone to becoming KomunikA Vol.
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victims of sexual violence.
Therefore, parents in Kelurahan Damai formed the Al-Ma'un orphan care community to conduct regular fundraising to be distributed to orphans, orphans and poor people in Kelurahan Damai every month.
Establish a women's caseworker team.
A mother has a central role in a family.
Sexual violence prevention messages can be well conveyed to children in a family if the parents, especially the mother as the first madrasa of a child, are protected and have an understanding of the prevention measures themselves.
Kelurahan Damai does not yet have a women's protection forum.
Kelurahan Damai has a child protection forum, namely PATBM (Community-Based Integrated Child Protectio.
For this reason, the residents of Kelurahan Damai took the initiative to form a voluntary women's case assistance team.
The function of this team is to provide assistance to women who are victims of violence and educate women so that they can protect themselves and their families, especially children, from all forms of violence, especially sexual Effective communication is important in the family, but in reality, various barriers that are also a challenge to effective communication cannot be avoided.
Technically, barriers can be defined as anything that can change the message and/or prevent the recipient from receiving the message.
(Devito.
, 2016:
Joseph A Devito states that there are four types of interpersonal communication barriers, the first is physical noise, which is a barrier that is outside the communicator or communicant.
These barriers block the physical transmission of the signal or message being conveyed.
The second barrier is physiological noise, which is an obstacle that exists in the communicator or communicant.
The third barrier is psychological noise, which is an obstacle in the form of mental disorders of communicators and The fourth barrier is semantic noise, which occurs when communicators and communicants have different meaning systems.
In this study, researchers found that the main obstacle in effective communication patterns is psychological barriers.
In communicating they tend to experience psychological barriers when talking to someone who is closed-minded or who refuses to listen to everything that he does not yet believe.
They tend to feel taboo talking about sexual matters between fathers and their daughters.
Fathers who feel taboo talking about these things to their children, so that only mothers communicate.
But even that sometimes makes mothers feel embarrassed to discuss these things with their sons.
The norms and culture of the local environment influence the way parents convey messages related to sexual education.
Mothers are considered more appropriate and can freely talk about sexual education to children.
The division of roles in communicating in the family related to sexual education, especially the prevention of sexual violence in children, has become a culture for generations.
Conclusion Based on the results of the research and discussion that has been described, it can be concluded that the family communication pattern in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village is a ballance split pattern.
This pattern reveals that the relationship equation is maintained but in this pattern each person holds control or power in their respective fields.
Each person is considered an expert in a different area.
Regarding the prevention of sexual violence against children, fathers in Kelurahan Damai leave it to mothers to convey information and advice because fathers still feel taboo to talk about sexual matters with children.
But in that case the father in Kelurahan Damai does not leave it entirely to the mother.
If the child experiences a problem, that's where the father plays a role to give advice as a form of affirmation.
In addition, the child is more obedient to the father so that the child listens more to what his father says.
The form of messages used in family communication patterns in Damai North Binjai is informative and persuasive.
Parents in Kelurahan Damai convey messages to children based on facts that occur in the surrounding environment and news that they are seeing on social media and television.
With these facts, children who are given education about sexual knowledge, especially sexual violence, will accept the message so that it makes children more introspective.
With the information obtained by parents, children are more easily persuaded to keep themselves safe and always communicate with parents about the child's The neighborhood and local village government are supporting factors in implementing family KomunikA Vol.
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communication in preventing sexual violence against children in Keluraan Damai District.
North Binjai District.
Binjai City.
People in the neighborhood have a high concern for child protection which can be seen from the existence of community self-help movements such as the 'Anak Damai' movement.
from the existence of self-help movements such as the 'Anak Damai Mengaji' movement, the Al-Ma'un orphan care Al-Ma'un orphan care community, and forming a women's case assistance team.
While the main obstacles to family communication in preventing sexual violence in children is a psychological barrier.
In communication, they tend to experience psychological barriers when talking to someone who is closedminded or who refuses to listen to everything that he does not yet believe in.
They tend to feel taboo talking about sexual matters between fathers and their daughters.
Fathers in Kelurahan Damai feel it is taboo to talk about sexual matters with their daughters, so only mothers communicate.
However, mothers in Kelurahan Damai feel embarrassed to discuss sexual topics with their sons.
Because this cannot be done by a mother, sometimes mothers in Kelurahan Damai ask their fathers for help to warn their children.
This is accompanied by efforts to introduce children to religion.
Acknowegement The author would like to thank the Government of Binjai City, especially the Office of Women's Empowerment.
Child Protection and Society of Binjai City, which has given researchers permission to conduct research related to family communication in preventing sexual violence against children in Damai Village.
Binjai City.
North Sumatra Province.
Researchers also thank all those who have helped in providing data and helping academically so that this research can be carried out properly.
Conflict of Interest There is no conflict of interest between the researcher and the topic of this research, this research is not only intended to enrich the science in the field of communication but as input in the implementation of the prevention of sexual violence against children.
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