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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES TOWARD SPEAKING
(An Experimental Research At Eleventh Grade Of SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh Bojonegor.
Oleh Iin Widya Lesatri.
Ahmad Khudhori.
& Edi Suwandi.
1,2,3University of Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri Bojonegoro Email: 2ahmadkhudhori98@gmail.
com & 3edisuwandi@unugiri.
Abstract As one of the basic skill of English, speaking had an important role in language learning process.
Speaking was an expression of human being through conversation.
Based on observation at SMK Pemuda Taruna Bojonegoro, the researcher found that the students had difficulties in developing ideas that they want to speak.
They got difficulties in recalling imagination about something that they wanted to say.
To overcome this problem, the researcher tried to apply the technique in teaching speaking English, namely picture series.
The research method used in this research was quasi- experimental research.
The data collected through pre-test and post-test.
The sample of the research was the eleventh grade students of SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh.
The resulf of the data indicated that, there was difference between the value of students pre- test and post-test.
The mean score of post-test .
was the higher than the score obtained in the pre-test .
From tcount , the researcher found that, the value of t- count (-42,.
was higher than t-table (-47,.
at the level of significance 0,000 degree of freedom .
= 17 .
Based on the findings, the researcher concluced that, the use of picture series had good improvement for studentsAo speaking skill at SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh.
Keywords: Effect.
Picture Series & Speaking Ability.
INTRODUCTION
As one of the basic skill of English, speaking had an important role in language learning process.
Speaking was an expression of human being through conversation.
Brown .
states that speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves Without speaking, how could we expressed our ideas to other people and made the other people understand with what we say to them.
From the statement it could be known that speaking played important role in Someone cannot express their idea when they had not speaking ability.
They got confuse each other without speaking ability.
If someone wanted to express what on their mind or they wanted to give an information to other, absolutely they needed to speak.
Because speaking was important way to share By speaking people could understand what their interlocutors mean.
Based on observation that the researcher did on April 18 2019 at SMK Pemuda Taruna Bojonegoro, the researcher found data that the students had difficulties in developing ideas that they want to speak.
They got difficulties in recalling imagination about something that they wanted to say.
The studentsAo speaking skills were relatively low.
They had difficulty in expressing ideas and opinions orally as they worked afraid of making mistakes and not confidence to speak English.
The researcher tried to apply the technique in teaching speaking English to overcome the studentsAo problem, namely picture series.
According to Smaldino in Ahmad Ibnu Fahrizal .
The first benefit of using picture series is that it will make the students interested in speaking English because picture series is one of the visual teaching media.
Wright in Luki Nugroho .
states that pictures are very important in helping students to retell expreriences or understand something a.
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since they can represent place, object, people.
Using picture series as media teaching can helped the students to elaborate their ideas.
One picture could stimulate students to create introductory sentences and other helped the students to create the supporting sentences.
There are some advantages of picture series, acording to Raimes .
3:27-.
picture is a valuable resource as it provides a share experience in the classroom, a need for common language forms to use in the classroom, a variety of task, and focus of interest for students.
Furthermore, illustration, develop learnersAo imagination, make the learning process more interesting and Pekovy .
State that pictures are ideal for reflecting the reality.
Especially photographs are an authentic source, which truly illustrates a situation or an event, portrait a person, etc.
Pictures draw learnersAo attention, whether in books or while listening to a lecture.
Texts accompany by pictures are more attractive for learners than plain texts.
Similarly, lectures become more interesting when displaying some pictures.
Pictures offer various opportunities of activities, especially based on practicing all four language skills, and have an entertaining element which can be exploit by various games.
From the explanation above, it could be assumed that the role of picture series was really essential in teaching English.
It could be said then, the role of using picture series was quite appropriate in teaching speaking.
RESEARCH METHOD
This research used experimental research.
According to Ary .
6 : .
state that experimental research design was to enable researcher to estimate the effect of an experimental treatment.
Experimental research could be done in the laboratory, in the class and in the field.
In this study, the experimental research was done in the class with taking students as population.
A researcher chose the design to determine the validity of conclusions could be drawn from the study.
The researcher applied quasi-experimental design.
This design involved two classes of same level.
One class taught by using picture series and another one was provided without using picture series.
the end of treatment, the experimental class and the control class would received a post test, and the result of two test ( pre and post tes.
would be compare to find the significant difference between the experimental and control class.
E : Experimental class C : Control class OCA : Pre-test .
n experimental clas.
OCE : Pretest .
n control clas.
X : Treatment that will be given for experimental by using picture series.
OCC : Post-test .
n experimental clas.
OCE : Posttest .
n control clas.
In this research, the researcher was used total sampling to obtain the sample.
According to Sugiyono .
, total sampling is technique sampling where total of sample same with In SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh there are 30 students as same level at the eleventh grade.
The researcher took eleventh grade as a sample.
Because of the students in eleventh grade only two classes ( 11 A class there are 18 students and 11 B class there are 12 student.
so, the researcher use total sampling For this research the researcher choose only two classes because the population were homogenous, that was 11-A there were 18 students as experiment class and 11-B there were 12 students as control class.
The instrument of this research are tests.
According to Ary .
test is a set of the stimuli presented to an individual in older to elicit responses on the basis of which a numerical score could be assigned.
The test from the researcher was to know the achievement of students.
The researcher made English test for students that consist of eight The researcher used oral speaking test to measure studentsAo speaking ability.
The students gave a sequence pictures as the test.
The test involves pre-test and post-test.
The equipments for this research that used are question sheets that contain 8 pictures about narrative text.
The researcher used oral a.
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speaking test to measure the studentsAo speaking mastery in order to obtain the empirical data.
Therefore, the researcher was prepared 8 pictures and every picture has 4-8 picture sequence in a series.
The way the researcher improves the studentsAo speaking skill was treatment through picture series.
After giving the Pre-test, the researcher was conducted the treatment through picture series.
it was used in experimental class only, while in the control class was not.
The treatment was given for at four meetings.
Calculating the four components of students ability of using speaking by using SPSS 22.
Classifying the score of the students pretest and post-test.
The data by referring to the scoring the classification of score according to Jacobs in Adi Isma .
Level Score Classification 86Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
O40
Very Poor Computing the frequency and the rate percentage of the students score by using SPSS 22.
Calculating the mean score of the students achievement by using SPSS 22.
Calculating the standard deviation of students pre-test and post-test both of experimental and control group by using SPPS 22.
Finding the significant difference between the score of pre-test and post test both experimental and control group by using SPSS 22.
Calculating reliability and validity of the students pre-test and post test both of experimental and control group by using SPSS 22.
The data were collected from the pre-test and post-test.
The pre-test was given before the treatment and post-test after the treatment.
The pre-test was conducted to find out the data of the studentsAo level mastery in mastering English speaking before the treatment was given.
Pre-test Classificati Score Experimental Freq.
(F)
Percentage (%) Control Freq.
Percentage (F) (%) Very good
86 Ae 100
Good
71 Ae 85
Fair
56 Ae 70
Poor
41 Ae 55
33,5%
41,5 %
Very Poor
O 40
66,5%
58,5 %
Total From the table above it can be conclude that the studentsAo speking skill was extremely It was important to look for the solution to improve the studentsAo speaking skill.
Therefore the researcher tried to apply picture series as a media in learning speaking for eleventh grade students in SMK Pemuda Taruna.
After pre-test, the researcher gave a tretment for experiment class.
That was learning speaking using picture series.
In the experimental class, there did not found the students who got score O40 there are also did not found students who got poor .
and fair .
classification score.
There was 13 students for each band .
0%).
of students who got score between 71-85 and 11 .
,1%) students who got very good, the score between 86 Ae 100 and 7 .
,9%).
Meanwhile, in the controlled class there are found 9 .
,0%) students got fair, the score between 56-70.
The most score appeared on the table are the score between 71 Ae 85 with frequency number 3 or 25,0% of the students.
Unfortunately, there did not found students got very good, the score between 86-100.
Furthermore, the lowest score in the experimental class was 80 while in the control class was 61.
Then, the highest score in the experimental class was 94 while in the a.
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control class was 72.
The details of studentsAo post-test score can be seen on the table below:
Post-test Experimental Classificati Score Freq.
(F)
Control group Percentage Freq.
(%)
(F)
Percentage (%) Very good
86 Ae 100
38,9 %
Good
71 Ae 85
61,1 %
25,0%
Fair
56 Ae 70
75,0%
Poor
41 Ae 55
Very Poor
O 40
making a decision in t test were the t result of t test was higher than value in t table.
Using SPSS 22 the result t count was 12.
852, it meant t count > t table, so H0 was rejected while H1 was accepted.
Levene's Test Equality Variances F Sig.
t-test for Equality of Means Sig.
Mean Std.
Error .
- Difference Difference Confidence Interval of Difference Lower Upper Total In this research, hypothesis testing used T-test to see there were a significant difference between the means of experimental group and control group.
The t result compared with ttable to determine if it significant.
The researcher used independent T-test to compare experimental group and control group as difference subjects.
Table of independent sample test presented value of sig.
-taile.
It meant H0 was rejected while H1 was It was able to be concluded that there were differences between mean score of experiment group and mean score of control So, applying Index picture series had an effect toward studentsAo speaking ability.
From the table above also presented value of mean difference was 17.
This value showed difference between mean score of experiment group and mean score of control group.
And the difference was 14.
407 until 19.
Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Uppe.
The researcher also comparing t-count with t table to know it was significant.
From the table above were determined t-count was 852 and degree of freedom .
These values were used as the basic of reference in finding the value of t table of statistical table.
Based on t table, df 28 was 1.
Criteria for Score
Equal
Equal
1,334 14,407 19,871
1,345 14,356 19,922
According to Wright in Luki Nugroho .
states that pictures are very important in helping students to retell expreriences or understand something since they can represent place, object, people, etc.
Based on the researcher experiment this theory was appropriate with the students condition in eleventh grade SMKPemuda Taruna.
They could speak more when use picture series than without picture series.
Picture series could stimulate students inspiration to tell a story.
They were more talkative.
The students score was improved after given the treatment used picture series, it can be seen from their post test It was so different, the students pre test score was very low, and the students post test score there are improvement, especially in experiment class that got picture series treatment.
The use of media in teaching and learning process was very important.
The teacher should choose one kinds of picture series media in teaching and learning English especially to improve students speaking skills.
The media could help the teacher to teach and made the students more enjoy in teaching and learning One of media that was easy and interesting to apply in teaching speaking was a.
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picture series.
In conclusion, picture series shows that it was effected by improving studentsAo speaking at eleventh grade of SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh.
It is suitable to improve students speaking skill.
The students score was improved after they were learning using picture series.
CONCLUSION
After conducting the research of the effect of picture series in teaching speaking that was carried out from April to May 2019 and analyzing the data, the researcher found some research findings.
All of the findings were gotten from the data that were collected by the The first finding is a significant improvement of the studentsAo speaking skill after they were taught by using picture series as media in teaching learning process.
It can be seen from the mean score of the students in pretest 39.
44 to 84.
39 in post-test.
It indicated that the studentsAo achievement was satisfactory The research also showed indicators that picture series was effective to improve studentsAo speaking skill.
It could be seen that using picture series in teaching speaking was more interesting for the students.
The second finding is the implementation of teaching speaking through picture series could make the students more active in teaching learning process.
It can be seen from the studentsAo response during the learning process, the students gave the positive response and paid high attention to the teacherAos explanation.
The classroom situation became active and interactive because they enjoyed and they were motivated in teaching learning process.
The application of picture series helped the students to got many ideas to speak infront of the class and it could reduce the studentsAo boredom so they could participate actively in the learning process.
The studentsAo speaking skill after being taught by using picture series was better than before.
It is showed from the score obtained by the students in posttest, where there is 12 students got good score.
and 4 students got very good score .
conclusion picture series are effective to improve the studentsAo speaking skill in SMK Pemuda Taruna Ngraseh.
BIBLIOGRAPHY