Journal of Management https://myjournal.
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The Impact of Globalization on the International Political System Muhammad Budiana .
_budiana70@unpas.
Universitas Pasundan Submited : 20-07-2023.
Accepted : 21-08-2023.
Published : 20-09-2023 Abstract This research aims to examine the impact of globalization on the international political system, focusing on state interdependence, national sovereignty, the role of non-state actors, and political stability.
Globalization has been identified as a factor that affects international relations and political decision-making.
This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis method, where the Globalization Index.
Economic Development Level, and their interaction are used as independent and moderator variables to assess their influence on the International Political System.
The results showed that the Globalization Index and Economic Development Level had no significant effect on the international political system, with a significance value above The hypothesis that globalization has a positive influence on state interdependence and reduces sovereignty in political decision-making is not supported by the data.
Similarly, there is no evidence that globalization has a negative impact on political stability in countries that are highly dependent on the global economy .
Keyword : International Political System.
State Sovereignty.
Political Stability.
Interdependence Introduction In todayAos interconnected world, globalization significantly influences the dynamics of international politics, reshaping how states interact and formulate foreign policies.
states become increasingly interdependent, the actions of one state can have profound impacts on others, necessitating cooperative strategies to address common challenges such as climate change and security threats (Omar Abdi Mohamed Qasaye, 2.
and (Manfred B.
Steger, 2.
This interdependence complicates the political landscape, as traditional boundaries blur and new actors emerge, leading to a reconfiguration of power dynamics among states (Iryna CHISTIAKOVA, 2.
and (Buket yNatakolu Aydn.
In addition, the political risks associated with globalization, including potential conflicts and clashes of civilizations, highlight the need for adaptive political strategies (Joanna MoszczyEska, 2.
As developing countries challenge established hegemonies, the international order is undergoing significant changes, prompting a reevaluation of governance structures and the role of regional organizations (Iryna CHISTIAKOVA, 2.
and (Buket yNatakolu Aydn, 2.
Understanding this complexity is critical to effective global governance, as it requires a coordinated response to transnational issues while navigating the intricacies of power shifts and Journal of Management https://myjournal.
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political risks (Manfred B.
Steger, 2.
and (Joanna MoszczyEska, 2.
Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of globalization on the political landscape is essential for countries aiming to develop in this evolving global context.
The elimination of physical limitations and the growth of communication technologies have significantly intensified the flow of information and interactions across countries, fostering economic and social development while simultaneously posing challenges to political stability (Murali Krishna Pasupuleti, 2.
and (Omar Abdi Mohamed Qasaye.
These transformations are crucial to understanding how national identities are constructed and redefined in an interconnected world.
In this context, the study of the impact of globalization on the international political system reveals fundamental shifts in power dynamics and diplomatic interactions.
The increasing interdependence of states requires a re-evaluation of foreign policy approaches, as states navigate the complexity of transnational threats and opportunities (Iryna CHISTIAKOVA, 2.
and (O.
Lemak, 2.
The interplay of these factors will shape the future of international politics, highlighting the need for adaptive strategies that address the benefits and risks associated with an integrated global landscape.
Ultimately, a comprehensive analysis of these structural changes will illuminate the evolving nature of global geopolitical dynamics and their implications for political stability and cooperation among nations (Murali Krishna Pasupuleti, 2.
and (O.
Lemak, 2.
Globalization is significantly reshaping the international political system by changing power relations between states and challenging state sovereignty.
As states become more interconnected, traditional power dynamics are shifting, leading to the emergence of new alliances and the emergence of non-state actors influencing global governance (Murali Krishna Pasupuleti, 2.
and (Ananya Gautam, 2.
These transformations complicate statesAo ability to maintain autonomy, as they face pressures from international organizations and economic powers that often undermine their sovereign authority (Callum Tonkins, 2.
and (O.
Lemak, 2.
The tension between globalization and state sovereignty raises critical questions about the future of state power and the legitimacy of international norms (O.
Lemak.
States must navigate these challenges by adapting their policies to balance global integration with national interests, often adopting neoliberal economic strategies that prioritize market forces over state control (O.
Lemak, 2.
Understanding these dynamics is crucial to analyzing the evolving global political landscape, as the interplay between globalization and state sovereignty will shape future political developments and the roles of various actors in the global political system (Abdifatah Ahmed Ali Afyare.
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and (Ananya Gautam, 2.
This analysis provides insights into how states can effectively respond to the complexities of the global world while maintaining their This adaptability is particularly important in a globalized world, where traditional power dynamics are increasingly being replaced by multi-layered interactions among diverse actors, including states, non-governmental organizations, and international institutions (Serhii Lysenko, 2.
Furthermore, the development of global governance structures aims to enhance cooperation and coordination, particularly to meet the needs of developing countries, thereby reinforcing the importance of collective action in addressing the challenges of globalization (A oAAN AACUa, 2.
Regional cooperation also plays an important role, as countries within a region can align their efforts to address common problems, fostering innovation and resilience to global pressures .
Ultimately, globalization reshapes not only interactions between states but also the nature of the international political system itself, emphasizing the need for collaborative governance (T.
Tarasenko, 2.
and (A oAAN AACUa.
Methods The research method used in this study is designed to comprehensively analyze the impact of globalization on the international political system.
This study will use a mixed methods approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon being studied.
Data collected from the survey will be analyzed using statistical software such as SPSS or R.
Descriptive analysis will be conducted to describe the characteristics of respondents and their level of perception of the impact of globalization.
Furthermore, inferential analysis, such as regression or ttest, will be used to test the proposed hypotheses.
Results And Discussion Validity & Reliability Test Validity Test Correlations Sig.
Ket Globalization Index Valid Level of Economic Development Valid International Political System Valid Correlation is significant at the 0.
01 level .
Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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https://myjournal.
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000 (>0.
and are thus declared Reliability Test Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items 0,827 Interpretation All items in this study have a conbach`s alpha value of 0.
827 (<0.
thus all items in this study are declared reliable.
And can be continued in further research.
Path Analysis Test Equation Model 1 Coefficien determinan Tabel Coefficien detrminan Model Summary Model R Square 1 ,777a 0,603 Adjusted R Std.
Error of the Square Estimate 0,595 6,244 Predictors: (Constan.
Level of Economic Development.
Globalization Index Interpretation The R Square value shows how much the independent variables (Level of Economic Development and Globalization Inde.
are able to explain the variability of the dependent variable (International Political Syste.
In this case, the R Square value of 0.
603 means that 3% of the variation in the International Political System can be explained by changes in the Level of Economic Development and the Globalization Index.
This means that the model used is quite good at explaining the relationship between these variables, although there is 7% of the variation in the International Political System explained by other factors outside this model.
This regression model shows that the Level of Economic Development and the Globalization Index together can explain about 60.
3% of the variation in the International Political System, with a strong relationship between these variables (R = 0.
The model also has a fairly good predictive quality, with little difference between R Square and Adjusted R Square, as well as moderate standard errors in prediction.
T-Test Analysis Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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Coefficients Std.
Beta Error (Constan.
4,144 0.
Globalization 0,83 Index Level of 0,71 0,159 0,456 5,234 0.
0,159
0,391
4,48 0.
Dependent Variable: International Political System Interpretation Globalization Index The t value of 5.
234 with a significance of 0.
000 indicates that the Globalization Index has a significant influence on the International Political System.
Because the Sig.
is less than 0.
05, the null hypothesis .
hat the Globalization Index has no effect on the International Political Syste.
can be rejected, meaning that the influence is statistically Level of Economic Development The t value of 4.
48 with a significance of 0.
000 indicates that the Level of Economic Development also has a significant influence on the International Political System.
Because the Sig.
value is less than 0.
05, the null hypothesis can be rejected, meaning that the influence is statistically significant.
Both the Globalization Index and the Level of Economic Development have a significant influence on the International Political System.
The influence of the Globalization Index (B = 0.
Beta = 0.
is slightly stronger than the influence of the Level of Economic Development (B = 0.
Beta = 0.
The significance value of the two variables (Sig.
= 0.
shows that both contribute significantly to influencing the International Political System.
Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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https://myjournal.
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Square Regression 5751,459 Residual 3781,291 Total
9532,75
2875,729 73,77 ,000b 38,982 Dependent Variable:
International Political System Predictors: (Constan.
Level of Economic Development.
Globalization Index Interpretation F (F Valu.
F = 73.
77: This F value is the result of the comparison between Mean Square Regression and Mean Square Residual .
729/38.
A high F value indicates that the independent variables (Level of Economic Development and Globalization Inde.
together have a significant influence on the dependent variable (International Political Syste.
The F value of 73.
77 is quite large, indicating that the regression model used fits the data.
Significance (Sig.
Sig.
= 0.
000: This significance value indicates that the results of the F test are very significant, because the pvalue (Sig.
) is less than 0.
enerally used as the significance With a Sig.
value of 0.
000, we can conclude that the regression model involving the Level of Economic Development and the Globalization Index is statistically significant in explaining variations in the International Political System.
This means that the independent variables used significantly affect the dependent variable.
The results of the F test show that the regression model involving the Globalization Index and the Level of Economic Development can significantly explain the variation in the International Political System (F = 73.
Sig.
= 0.
This means that the independent variables used in the model contribute significantly to changes in the dependent variable.
Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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https://myjournal.
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Equation Model 2 Coefficien Determinan Coefficient determination table Model Summary Model R Square Adjusted R Std.
Error Square of the Estimate 1 ,781a 0,61 0,598 6,225 Predictors: (Constan.
Level of Development to Global Index.
Level of Economic Development.
Globalization Index Interpretation A R Square = 0.
61: The R Square value indicates the percentage of variation in the dependent variable that can be explained by the independent variables in the A With an R Square of 0.
61, this means that 61% of the variation in the International Political System can be explained by the Level of Economic Development, the Globalization Index, and the Level of Influence on the Globalization Index.
The remaining 39% is explained by other factors not included in the model.
Table F-Test ANOVAa Model Sum of Mean Square Sig.
Squares Regression 5812,137 1937,379 Residual 3720,613 96
38,756
Total
9532,75 99
49,989 ,000b Dependent Variable: International Political System Interpretation F = 49.
989: This F value is obtained by comparing the Mean Square Regression with the Mean Square Residual .
379/38.
A high F value indicates that the independent variables together have a significant influence on the dependent variable (International Political Syste.
Interpretation of F Value: With an F value of 49.
989, this indicates that Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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https://myjournal.
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Globalization Index, and Level of Influence on the Globalization Index is significantly better than the model that does not use predictors.
This means that the independent variables in the model together make a significant contribution to the prediction of the dependent variable.
Sig.
= 0.
000: This value indicates that the results of the F test are very significant, because the pvalue (Sig.
) is less than 0.
With a Sig.
value of 0.
000, we can conclude that the regression model is statistically significant.
This means that the independent variables used in the model (Level of Economic Development.
Globalization Index, and Level of Influence on the Globalization Inde.
together significantly influence the dependent variable (International Political Syste.
T-Test Table Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients Std.
Sig.
Coefficients Beta Error (Constan.
47,549 24,143 1,969 0,052 Globalization Index
0,085
0,75
0,047 0,113
Level of Economic 0,147 0,704 0,081 0,209 0,835 0,026 0,021 0,897 1,251 0,214 0,91 Development Level of Development of Global Index Dependent Variable: International Political System Interpretation Constant B value (Unstandardized Coefficien.
= 47.
549: This shows that when all independent variables (Globalization Index.
Level of Economic Development, and Level of Influence on the Globalization Inde.
have a value of 0, then the value of the International Political System is predicted to be 47.
t = 1.
969 and Sig.
= 0.
052: With a significance value of 0.
reater than 0.
, this constant is not significant at the 95% confidence level.
This means that the constant value in this model is not significantly different from zero.
Globalization Index B value = 0.
085: The regression coefficient for the Globalization Index is 0.
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which shows that every one unit increase in the Globalization Index will cause a decrease in the International Political System by 0.
085, assuming other variables are t = 0.
113 and Sig.
= 0.
91: This t value is very small .
pproaching zer.
and the p value is 0.
reater than 0.
, indicating that the Globalization Index does not have a significant effect on the International Political System in this model.
Level of Economic Development B value = 0.
147: The regression coefficient for the Level of Economic Development 147, which means that every one unit increase in the Level of Economic Development is predicted to decrease the International Political System by 0.
assuming other variables are constant.
t = 0.
209 and Sig.
= 0.
835: With a small t value and a p value of 0.
reater than 0.
, this indicates that the Level of Economic Development is also not significant in influencing the International Political System.
Level of Influence on Globalization Index B value = 0.
026: The regression coefficient for this moderator variable is 0.
which means that every one unit increase in the Level of Influence on Globalization Index will increase the International Political System by 0.
026, assuming other variables are constant.
t = 1.
251 and Sig.
= 0.
214: With a t value of 1.
251 and a p value of 0.
reater than 0.
, this indicates that the Level of Influence on Globalization Index does not significantly affect the International Political System in this model.
Conclusion The Influence of Globalization on the International Political System:
Based on the results of statistical tests, the Globalization Index does not have a significant influence on the International Political System.
Although the coefficient shows a negative relationship, with a significance value far above 0.
= 0.
, it can be concluded that globalization, in the context of this study, does not significantly affect the dynamics of the international political system.
The Influence of the Level of Economic Development on the International Political System:
The results of the t-test also show that the Level of Economic Development does not have a significant effect on the International Political System.
The negative coefficient value .
indicates that there is a tendency for a decline in the international political system when the level of economic development increases, but this is not statistically significant enough .
= 0.
The Moderating Influence of the Level of Economic Development on the Relationship between Globalization and the International Political System:
Journal of Management E-ISSN: 3026-3239 Vol.
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https://myjournal.
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The t value .
and p value .
indicate that economic development moderation is not strong enough to change this relationship.
Model Strength:
The results of the Model Summary and F test show that the overall model is indeed significant, with an F value = 49.
989 and p = 0.
However, when viewed individually, the variables analyzed do not have a significant effect on the International Political System.
This study shows that in the context of the measurements used.
Globalization and the Level of Economic Development, both individually and through the influence of moderation, do not have a significant effect on the International Political System.
Although the overall model is significant, the main variables in this study are not strong enough to explain changes in the international political system.
This indicates that there may be other variables outside this model that are more influential in regulating the relationship between globalization, economic development, and the international political References