English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
No.
March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 Analysis of AoLaskar PelangiAo in English Version Based on Transitivity Theory ISRY LAILA SYATHROH1 IKIP Siliwangi HENDRA HUSNUSSALAM IKIP Siliwangi CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:
ISRY LAILA SYATHROH, islaisya@yahoo.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the characterizations of Lintang in the English version of Laskar Pelangi novel .
The Rainbow Troops, based on Transitivity.
As the unit of analysis, the data are 30 selected clauses, both uttered by Lintang himself or the narrator.
The clauses are arranged chronologically based on the plot of the story consisting of phase 1 .
, phase 2 .
onflict & clima.
, and phase 3 .
This research employs qualitative descriptive design (Fraenkel & Wallen, 2007: .
The approach for this research is narrative inquiry.
According to Croker (Heigham & Croker, 2009: .
, among disciplines using narrative inquiry are anthropology, sociology, history, psychology and literature.
The results show that based on transitivity theory, the characterizations of Lintang are represented and portrayed by the types of process and participant in every clause.
Among his emerging characterizations are: hyperactive, brave, never-gives-up kid, heroism, and willing to sacrifice for his family.
Keywords: analysis, participant, process, transitivity NTRODUCTION interesting to be analyzed.
In Indonesia, one of the best-selling novels is Laskar Pelangi .
written by Andrea Hirata.
It tells about ten Belitong poor students who study in a poor countryside school with very limited access and facilities but they have great determination to pursue their dreams to reach success in their life no matter what it Halliday .
5a: .
holds that there are three meta-functions of language, namely ideational, interpersonal, and textual meaning.
This study is focused only on ideational meaning or clause as a It means a representation of experience about the world where we live.
and, by understanding this meta-function of we can understand what is going on around us.
This reflective meaning is called Transitivity (Eggins, 2004: .
Transitivity is a theory in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) developed by M.
K Halliday .
5: .
Laskar Pelangi has previously been analyzed by some studies.
Marini .
who investigated this novel based on its stylistics.
Liswahyuningsih .
analyzed it based on the translation aspect by comparing the pattern of V-V construction, as the predicate of a clause, both in Indonesia or English version of the novel.
Hidayat .
, in his journal article, conducted the research related to this novel.
In this case, it analyzed Transitivity has ever been applied in many one of them is literary work, such as text play, short story, novel, etc.
Novel, for example, consists of many clauses which are English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 the semiotics of motivation meaning in the lyric of the novelAos film soundtrack.
Laskar Pelangi by Nidji, based on SaussureAos theory of signifier and signified.
Phenomenon.
Senser is the one who thinks or Phenomenon is what is thought or felt.
Behavioral process is considered to be a half-way between Material and Mental.
means that it sometimes tends to Material but in some other part, it has got something to do with Mental (Lock, 1996: 16.
Eggins, 2004:
Halliday &Matthiessen .
4: .
hold that this process is related to participantsAo action and attitude done psychologically or physiologically .
ream, smile, etc.
The main participant of this process is Behaver.
As we can see together that none of these studies analyzed the novel based on Transitivity.
That is why.
this research tries to explore the novel based on another aspect.
HallidayAos Transitivity.
To keep this study on track, then, the research question formulated is: based on Transitivity aspect, how are the characterizations of Lintang represented in LaskarPelangi of English version? And in line with this question, this study aims to find out the characterizations of Lintang represented in Laskar Pelangi novel of English version translated by Angie Kilbane .
Verbal Process is related to the process of saying or talking about something.
According to Halliday & Matthiessen .
4: .
, it refers to symbolic relationship in peopleAos mind that is expressed through language by telling or saying.
There are three participants of this process.
Sayer.
Receiver, and Verbiage.
Sayer is the one who does the Receiver is the one to whom the uttered clauses are addressed.
And Verbiage is the content of what is said.
Halliday & Mathiessen .
4: .
explained that there are three elements of Transitivity.
Process.
Participant and Circumstance.
For the sake of this study.
Circumstance is not described in detail but it can be considered as additional information about where or when a process takes place.
We only focus on Process and Participant.
In Transitivity, there are six processes.
are: Material.
Mental.
Behavioral.
Verbal.
Relational, and Existential.
Relational Process deals with the process of being that can be expressed in English Its basic structural is divided into Attributive and Identifying process, exemplified initially for the intensive subtype (Eggins, 2004: .
The participants of Intensive Attributive are Carrier and Attribute.
The participants of Intensive Identifying are Token and Value.
Material Process refers to the process of doing action which is done by a person or thing (Eggins, 2004: .
It means that this process demands at least physical movement .
alk, run, etc.
The participants of this process are Actor and Goal.
In traditional grammar.
Actor usually sits in the position of subject and Goal sits in the position of object.
Existential refers to the process of existence which is usually posed by there was/is something.
The participant of this process is Existent.
Mental Process deals with the process of sensing or doing something done by our Specifically speaking, it refers to the process of thinking and feeling.
Based on this explanation, we see that people are not always doing something concrete.
The participants of this process are Senser and METHOD The design of this study employs descriptive qualitative which is in line with the characteristics of this study (Fraenkel & Wallen, 2007: 430.
Gall.
Gall & Borg, 2003:
One of the reasons to choose this design English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 is that thestudy presents and analyzes the data through words not statistical number.
The process of data collection is done by reading the whole novel and determining LintangAos selected clauses to be the unit of These clauses, then, are analyzed by HallidayAos Transitivity.
The last but not least, for presenting the results, this study uses tables and description.
The subject of this research is Andrea HirataAos Laskar Pelangi novel .
in English version translated by Angie Kilbane .
The units of analysis are thirty clauses uttered by Lintang himself or by the narrator.
According to Aristotle and Freytag .
n Abrams & Harpham, 2009: .
, the clauses are arranged chronologically bases on the plot of the story.
namely, phase 1 .
, phase 2 .
onflict & clima.
, and phase 3 .
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
In line with the previous explanation, the followings are the thirty clauses about Lintang analyzed by Transitivity:
Phase 1 Ae Opening There are eleven clauses in this phase and in clause 1 Ae 7.
Lintang is described as a dirty, curly-red hair, and coastal boy that is energetic and full of enthusiasm.
I knew all of the parents and children sitting in front of meAiexcept for one small, dirty boy with curly, red hair, trying to wriggle free from his fatherAos grasp (Kilbane, 2009: .
all of the parents and children sitting in front of me - except for one small, dirty boy with curly, red hair, trying to wriggle free from his fatherAos grasp Senser Pr: mental Phenomenon: act AoPak Cik, your son will share a desk with Lintang,Ao Bu Mus said to my father (Kilbane, 2009: .
AoPak Cik, your son will share a desk with Lintang Bu Mus to my father Actor Pr: material Goal Client Pr: verbal Receiver Sayer Oh, so that is his name.
LintangA (Kilbane, 2009: .
Oh, so his name.
LintangA Token Pr: intensive Value Lintang squirmed around, struggling to break loose so he could enter the classroom (Kilbane, 2009: .
Lintang squirmed around Actor Pr: material struggling to break loose could enter the classroom Actor Pr: material Goal LintangAos family was from Tanjong Kelumpang, a village not far from the edge of the sea (Kilbane, 2009: .
LintangAos family from Tanjong Kelumpang, a village not far from the edge of the sea Carrier Pr: intensive Value When I caught up to Lintang inside the classroomA (Kilbane, 2009: .
When caught up to Lintang inside the classroomA Actor Pr: material Range Cir: location English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 The overabundance of energy in his body spread over to mine, stinging me like an electric shock (Kilbane, 2009: .
The overabundance of in his body spread over to mine, stinging me like an electric shock Actor Cir: location Pr: material Range In clause 8 Ae 10.
Lintang is described as a curious kid who likes to speak using Belitong He talked without stopping, full of interest, in an amusing Belitong dialect, typical of those from remote areas (Kilbane, 2009: .
without stopping, full of interest, in an amusing Belitong dialect, typical of those from remote areas Sayer Pr: verbal Cir: manner His eyes lit up as they glanced animatedly around the room (Kilbane, 2009: .
His eyes lit up Actor Pr: material around the room Actor Pr: material Cir: Manner Cir: Location He was like an artillery plant (Kilbane, 2009: .
like an artillery plant Carrier Pr: intensive Value And in clause 11.
Lintang is described as a potential kid, a cleverest one ever met by the Here is the clause:
And as time went on, that impoverished coastal boy would outshine the dark nimbus cloud that had for so long overshadowed this school, as he evolved into the most brilliant person IAove ever met in all the years of my life (Kilbane, 2009: .
And as time went on that impoverished coastal boy would outshine the dark nimbus cloud that had for so long overshadowed this school Actor Pr: material Goal evolved into the most brilliant person I Actor Pr: material Range Actor Aove ever In all the years of my Pr:
The dominant process of Phase 1 is Material .
, 4, 7, 9, and .
where Lintang serves as the Actor.
followed by Relational .
, 5, and .
where Lintang serves as the Carrier.
The rests are Verbal .
and Mental .
where Lintang serves as Phenomenon.
Phase 2 Ae (Conflic.
There are thirteen clauses in this phase .
Ae .
Here.
Lintang is described as a brave kid and dare to take what it takes.
he never gives, energetic, and has great determination to study.
Here are the clauses:
Lintang was uncharacteristically late this morning (Kilbane, 2009: .
Lintang this morning Carrier Pr: intensive Cir: manner Attribute Cir: time English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 AoI couldnAot pass (Kilbane, 2009: .
AoI couldnAot pass Actor Pr: material AoIn the middle of the road, blocking my way, lay a crocodile as big as a coconut treeAo (Kilbane, 2009: .
In the middle of the road blocking my way a crocodile Cir: location Pr: material Actor Cir: manner as big as a coconut tree I rung the bell on my bike, clapped my hands and coughed loudly so heAod leave.
He didnAot All I could do was stand there like a statue and talk to myself (Kilbane, 2009: .
the bell on my bike, my hands Actor Pr: material Goal Cir: location Pr: material Goal Aod leave Pr: behavioral Cir: manner Actor Pr: material didnAot budge.
All could do Actor Pr: material Goal Actor Pr: material Pr: intensive like a statue to myself Pr: material Cir: location Goal Pr: material Range AoWhy didnAot you just go home?Ao I asked (Kilbane, 2009: .
AoWhy didnAot home?Ao I asked Actor Pr: material Cir: location Sayer Pr: verbal I was already more than half way here.
I wasnAot about to turn around just because of that stupid crocodile (Kilbane, 2009: .
more than half way Carrier Pr: intensive Attribute Cir: location wasnAot about to turn around just because of that stupid crocodile Actor Pr: material Cir: cause I could only imagine what Lintang was thinking at that moment: the word absent isnAot in my vocabulary, and today we study the history of Islam Ae one of the most interesting class.
want to debate the holy verses that foretold ByzantiumAos victory seven years before it happened (Kilbane, 2009: .
could only imagine Lintang was thinking at that moment:
Senser Pr: mental Goal Senser Pr: mental Cir: time the word absent isnAot in my vocabulary and Carrier Pr: Intensive Attribute Cir: time Actor the history of Islam Ae one of the most interesting want to Pr: material Goal Senser Pr: mental Pr: material the holy verses ByzantiumAos victory Pr: verbal Verbiage Goal English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 Happened Cir: time Actor Pr: material ItAos not an exaggeration to say that Lintang often risk his life for the sake of education (Kilbane, 2009: .
Aos not an exaggeration to say Token Pr: intensive Value Pr: verbal Lintang his life for the sake of education Actor Cir: time Pr: material Goal Range Nevertheless, he never missed a day of school (Kilbane, 2009: .
Nevertheless a day of school Behaver Cir: time Pr: behavioral Cir: extent He pedaled 80 kilometers roundtrip everyday (Kilbane, 2009: .
80 kilometers roundtrip Carrier Pr: material Range Cir: extent Thinking about his daily journey made me cringe (Kilbane, 2009: .
Thinking about his daily Pr: mental Phenomenon Pr: causative Goal Pr: mental The distance wasnAot the only difficulty he faced (Kilbane, 2009: .
The distance wasnAot the only difficulty Token Pr: intensive Value Actor Pr: material When faced with a road that had turned into a river.
Lintang left his bicycle under a tree on higher ground, wrapped his shirt, pants and books in a plastic bag, bit the bag, plunged into the water, and swam toward school as fast as he could to avoid being attacked by a crocodile (Kilbane, 2009: .
When with a road turned into Cir: time Pr: material Range a river.
Lintang his bicycle under a tree on higher ground Range Actor Pr: material Goal Cir: location his shirt, pants and books in a plastic bag into the water Pr: material Goal Cir: location Pr: material Cir: location and swam toward school as fast as could .
Pr: material Cir: location Cir: time Actor Pr: material to avoid being attacked by the crocodile Pr: material Pr: material Actor Pr: material As we can see that the dominant process in this phase is Material .
, 14, 15, 16, 21, and .
where Lintang serves as the Actor.
followed by Relational .
, 17, 19, and .
where Lintang serves as the Carrier.
The next are Mental .
where Lintang serves as the Senser.
English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Printed ISSN 2654-5284 Behavioral .
where Lintang serves as the Behaver.
Phase 2 Ae (Clima.
There are five clauses in this phase and here Lintang is described as a smart student who dares to do the right thing no matter what it takes.
The followings are the clauses:
There we were, in a rowdy oval room in an art deco style building (Kilbane, 2009: .
There in a rowdy oval room in an art deco style building Existent Pr: existential Cir: location Once again, we were in a situation where our reputation was on the line: The Academic Challenge (Kilbane, 2009: .
Once again in a situation Carrier Pr: existential Cir: location our reputation on the line: The Academic Challenge Carrier Pr: intensive Attribute/Cir: location He went beyond too far! He had deliberately provoked Lintang, and this time.
Lintang was hooked (Kilbane, 2009: .
beyond too far! Actor Pr: material Cir: manner He had deliberately provoked Lintang and this time Actor Pr: material Goal Cir: time Lintang was hooked Goal Pr: material AoThe substance is that Newton clearly succeeded in pointing out the errors in the color theories of Descartes.
Aristotle, and even the more contemporary Robert Hooke! Those three people thought that color has discrete spectrums.
Through concave optic lenses, which later gave birth to the ringAos theorem.
Newton proved that colors lie along a continuous spectrum and that spectrum is not produced by glass characteristics, but by lightAos fundamental characteristics!Ao (Kilbane, 2009: .
AoThe substance Carrier Pr: intensive Newton And Newton Actor Cir: manner Pr: material along a continuous that spectrum is not produced by glass characteristics Goal Pr: material Actor but by lightAos fundamental characteristics!Ao Actor Lintang wasnAot yet satisfied.
AuNewton said, unless you, sir, would like to question a 500-yearold proven scientific manuscript, that the density of transparent particles determines which particle they reflect.
ThatAos the relation between the thickness of the layer of air and optics according to the color rings theorem.
All of this can only be observed through optics.
How can you say, sir, that these matters are not interrelated?Ay (Kilbane, 2009: 316 Ae .
English Journal Literacy UTama Vol.
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March 2019 Lintang wasnAot Carrier Pr: intensive Newton Sayer Printed ISSN 2654-5284 Attribute you, sir would like to question a 500-year-old proven scientific Pr: verbal Senser Pr: mental Pr: verbal Verbiage That the density of transparent which Particle they reflect Senser Pr: mental Carrier Pr: material Aos the relation between the thickness of the layer or air and optics according to the color rings theorem Token Pr: intensive Value Cir: location all of this can only be observed through optics Phenomenon Pr: mental Cir: location How Sayer Pr: verbal that these matters Carrier are not interrelated?Ao Pr: intensive Attribute The dominant process in this phase is Verbal .
where Lintang serves as the Sayer.
The next is Relational .
where Lintang and friends serve as the Carrier.
followed by Material .
and Existential .
where Lintang and friends serve as the Existent.
Phase 3 Ae Closing There is only one clause in this phase describing Lintang as a clever student who can defeat his opponent through his own argument and the following is the clause:
Drs.
Zulfikar slumped weakly, his face pallid.
Lintang had knocked him out (Kilbane, 2009:
Drs.
Zulfikar his face Behaver Pr: behavior Cir: manner Behaver Pr: behavior Lintang had knocked Him Actor Pr: material Goal As we can see together that this clause uses Material process where Lintang serves as the Actor.
CONCLUSION
multi-characterization attributes is one of some other factors that has made this novel commercially success in Indonesia.
Based on 30 clauses analyzed by Transitivity, the dominant process is Material .
followed by Relational .
Verbal .
Mental .
Existential .
, and Behavior .
Through these processes, we can find out how LintangAos traits look like.
And to our understanding that good strong
description of a character by attaching REFERENCES