Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Analysis of the Implementation of the SALAMAN Application by using Government Adoption Model (GAM) Meilani Kesuma Nababan1*. Rio Guntur Utomo2. Muhammad Faris Fathoni3 1,2,3 School of Computing Information Technology. Telkom University. Bandung. Indonesia 1meilanikesumanababan@student. id (*) . iogunturutomo, mfarisfwor. @telkomuniversity. Received: 2023-06-29. Accepted: 2023-07-25. Published: 2023-07-02 AbstractAi The city of Bandung is one of the cities that has implemented e-government in government affairs in Indonesia. The government launched an integrated service application called Done in the Hand (SALAMAN) to improve public services in Bandung. This application service will make it easier for residents and immigrant residents who want to take care of population administration in Bandung. However, the biggest obstacle to using this new system is coming from the community itself. This study aims to determine the level of public acceptance of the new system using the Government Adoption Model (GAM) method and then determine the variable factors that influence the level of acceptance of the E-government application in Bandung. Questionnaires were distributed via Google form to collect data from residents of Bandung, regardless of whether or not they used the application. Four hundred participants participated in the study, making up the sample size for this research The method used for the data analysis is the Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Square (SEM PLS). According to the study's findings, the degree to which the society approves of the application is proportional to the degree to which the application provides good value to the society of Bandung City. A good application assessment based on the application user's positive feedback shows the extent of community approval for e-government services. The percentage of an evaluation carried out using the GAM also depends on the respondents' answers to all of the variables, which, on average, yielded a score of 78. 40%, meeting the "good" requirements. The implementation of the application shows that the higher users' positive feedbacks, the higher users' intention continue using the application. KeywordsAiGovernment Adoption Model. GAM. SALAMAN Application. e-Government. Structural Equation Modelling. Public Service Application. The application has 12 features that make it easier for us to manage population administration. The features available in the SALAMAN application are the Issuance of Birth Certificates . or those who do not/already have NIK). Issuance of Death Certificates. Issuance of Child Identity Cards (KIA). Adjustment of Data Elements Citizenship. Applications for Moving between Kelurahans within the City of Bandung. Applications for Moving between Districts within the City of Bandung. Applications for Moving Out of Bandung City. Applications for Moving Come to Bandung City. Applications for Separate Family Cards. Applications for Printing Family Cards. Applications for Printing e-KTP, and Letters Temporary Stay Statement (SKTS). Application is a system that is implemented online. This system was reactivated starting September 5, 2022, having previously been deactivated in November 2021 due to the migration process from distributed SIAK to modified SIAK . With the active return of the application, the people of Bandung City can easily access the service for making population documents so that their rights to population documents can be fulfilled . The goal of e-government is to develop electronic governance to raise the standards of public services effectively and efficiently . E-government itself has been implemented in the city of Bandung. Nevertheless. Bandung City's acceptance of the Handshake app varies and is not widely The level of community participation in using the application needs to be a valuable input for the government in increasing community participation and use in adopting the INTRODUCTION Currently, the world is heading towards the information society era, which is an era where the needs and demands to access, manage and use large amounts of information quickly and accurately are very high . Electronic government or eGovernment is a form of implementing information systems for government services to the public . Various countries and regions have widely implemented the development of egovernment due to the significant benefits of implementing government systems, citizens, and communities. These benefits include delivering quality public services, convenience and accessibility of public services, bridging the digital gap, minimizing communication and information costs, facilitating citizens of the government, shortening distances and connections, and expanding reach . One of the existing e-government applications in Indonesia is the SALAMAN application since December 2018, which has been updated several times. Figure 1 is an Application that was created to follow technological developments in its application to realize e-government. With this application, residents and immigrants no longer need to queue and wait long to take care of population administration services such as processing birth certificates, death certificates. KIA, and letters of moving out of Bandung City, accessed online via a smartphone that can be installed on the play store. In addition, this application can reduce queues for administration at the population and civil registration service. The application is still in the development https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 application so that the existence of the application that has been designed is not useless. The residents of Bandung will participate in a poll that will be carried out later today. The poll results will then be analyzed to ascertain the general public's perspective on the factors contributing to the spread of SALAMAN. The application analysis in Bandung was carried out using the Government Adoption Model (GAM) because of its compatibility with the criteria for e-government. The variables in the GAM model were selected for usage. As a consequence of this, the GAM approach can be utilized to investigate the aspects that play a role in the community of Bandung's acceptance of the Bandung e-government implementation . Previous research by . shows computer self-efficacy, information quality, perceived trust, e-government adoption, usage intention, and net benefit significantly impact smart mobility's success. Then research . found that business expectations and facility conditions, which influence the adoption of e-government services in the Gunungkidul district, have been shown to impact people's behavioral intentions to use e-government services significantly. It has now been established that usage behavior is significantly impacted by computer self-efficacy. In addition, research . states that Different user satisfaction levels will directly impact the adoption of e-government services in Indonesia. However, user satisfaction's indirect influence on e-government service acceptance as an intermediary factor of the quality dimension only positively affects the service quality dimension. Another study by . revealed that the variables in the GAM model show that service quality indicators in smart regions have positive and significant relationships. This study demonstrates that significant issues affecting the caliber of smart mobility services are receiving more consideration from governments and policymakers. The purposes of this research are to analyze the value of society approval and the factors that influence its use in the utilization of the application as access to public services provided by the government of Bandung City using the Government Adoption Model (GAM) and also to provide recommendations or suggestions based on the results of the analysis of factors that influence the application . The results of this study are expected to be beneficial in the development of technology and information science. This study is expected to provide additional knowledge regarding the study of the Analysis of the Implementation of the Bandung City SALAMAN Application (Disdukcapi. Using the Government Adoption Model (GAM), especially in developing the application. As for the limitations of the problem in this study, the e-government studied is the application belonging to the Bandung city government, the population that will be used in this study is the Bandung city community who have used the application, as well as the acceptance value of the application which used the Government Model Adoption (GAM) modeling. In order to evaluate the public's assessment of the factors influencing application adoption, a survey will be carried out on the people of Bandung. The results of the study will be The analysis applied to the application in Bandung was carried out using the Government Adoption Model (GAM). The GAM has been chosen because there are variables that match the criteria of e-government adoption, so with the GAM method, it will be possible to analyze the factors that influence the Bandung community's adoption of the e-government application of Bandung. The final results of this study will be able to provide recommendations to the Bandung government, especially as a developer of the application with the GAM method, so that later the Bandung government can optimally provide services to the Bandung community in particular and the Indonesian community in general. The limitations of the problem in this study include the e-Government studied is the application belonging to the Bandung City Government, the population that will be used in this study is the Bandung City community who have used the application, and the acceptance value of the application, which will be used in the GAM. II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Respondents used quantitative methods to collect data as this study's data sources. The authors will create and then distribute Then the data will be analyzed in the technology implementation of the application using the Government Adoption Model (GAM) method with analytical calculations using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) . This study will explain the model implementation to the technology implementation of the SALAMAN application in Figure 1. Figure 1. Dashboard The SALAMAN Application https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Identification of Problems Study of Literature A A A A A A Needs Analysis A Outler Model A Inner Model Research variable Validity test Reliability Test Population and Sample Research Instruments Testing A Full Model Testing A Hypothesis test Data analysis Conclusion Figure 2. Research Stages Based on Figure 2. In the first stage. The limitations of GAM on e-government services in the application will be explained. In the second stage, the society's approval of the GAM model will be described. The third stage concerns data acquisition by conducting questionnaires to application users . The final step in this research process is to validate the methodology and results to determine whether the society has approved the application . currently using it or had used it with a minimum age of 17 years, this questionnaire was created using Google Forms and then distributed online to the residents of Bandung City through social media. Table I . , the measurement process from the questionnaire is carried out by providing a scale level, in this case, using a Likert scale with intervals of 1 to 5 . Mark Population and Sampling The population research was taken from the citizens of Bandung with a minimum age of 17 years, who either had used the application or did not use the application for citizenship administration purposes as the criteria. This study used probability sampling with simple random sampling, which means that sample participants were chosen randomly from the population without considering the population . In this study, the population of Bandung is 2. The number of people in Bandung who use the application is 242,634. Thus, the researcher uses Slovin using Equation . to determine the number of samples. Where the ycu variable is the sample size/number of samples sought. The N variable is population size/number of population, and the yce variable is a tolerable margin of error. 242,634 ycu = 1 ycA. 2 = 1 . ,634y. %). = 399,341 TABLE I LIKERT SCALE Approval Level Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree . Based on Figure 3. This study uses a structural model of the Government Adoption Model (GAM) model which uses several variables Perceived Compatibility. Perceived Awareness Perceived. Availability of Resources. Computerself Efficacy. Perceived Ability to Use. Multilingual Option. Perceived Information Quality. Perceived Trust which is divided into 3, namely Perceived Uncertainty. Perceived Security, and Perceived Privacy, followed by Perceived Functional Benefits. Perceived Image, and Perceived Service Response. Research Flow This study's analytical phase included a combination of a quantitative method and a model called the Government Adoption Model (GAM) used as a model. The following describes each step in this study's research process: Strongly OO 400 ycIyceycycyycuycuyccyceycu Data Collection Methods This study uses a questionnaire to collect data. With the requirement that respondents using the application be either https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Perceived Compatibility Perceived Awareness Perceived Awareness ess Availability of Resources Computer-self Efficacy Perceived Ability to Use Multilingual Option Perceived Uncertainty Perceived Security Perceived Information Quality E-government Adoption Static Level Perceived Trust Perceived Functional Benefit Perceived Privacy Perceived Image Perceived Service Response Figure 3. GAM Model a Static Level Perceived Compatibility Perceived Awareness Perceived Awareness ess Availability of Resources Computer-self Efficacy Perceived Ability to Use Multilingual Option Perceived Uncertainty Perceived Security Perceived Information Quality E-government Adoption Interaction Level Perceived Trust Perceived Functional Benefit Perceived Privacy Perceived Image Perceived Service Response Figure 4. GAM Model the Interaction Level . https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 As shown in Table II above contains the variable parts which are from the structural model of the GAM, indicators are used as dimensions of the GAM model, codes to provide codes for each type of Variable and attribute questionnaires that are obtained based on questionnaire data collection, which is distributed to 400 respondents, namely the urban community Bandung. The following is a table regarding the questionnaire instrument used in this study: Questionnaire Instrument The author will use as many as 73 indicators and 16 variable approaches from the Government Adoption Model in the statement they will submit in the questionnaire for this research . Based on Figure 4 describes the GAM Interaction Level, which is more or less the same explanation as Figure 3 before. Variable Perceived Awareness Availability of Resources Computer-self Efficacy Perceived Compatibility Perceived Image Perceived Ability to Use Perceived Information Quality TABLE II QUESTIONNAIRE INSTRUMENT Indicator Code Question Attribute Knowing the existence of the PA1 I know the existence of an e-government system on the Salaman application. PA2 I understand the benefits of using an e-government system on the Salaman Government PA3 I have gone through an education/training program on the overall features of the eoutreach/advertisement uses the government system on the Salaman application. PA4 I encountered a government campaign/advertisement to use the e-government system on the Salaman application. Benefits of using the service PA5 I understand that the information provided by the e-government system has an easyto-read, clear, and well-organized display on the Salaman application. PA6 I understand that the information provided by the e-government system in the Salaman application is easy to understand Have adequate computer AOR1 I have adequate computer technology AOR2 I have computer equipment facilities to support access to the Salaman application. Have access to a high-speed AOR3 I always have access to a high-speed internet connection internet connection AOR4 I get freedom in using an internet connection. Qualification and operating CSE1 I have the qualifications to use and operate a computer CSE2 I have expertise in using e-government systems on the Salaman application. Qualification and operating CSE3 I have the qualifications to use and operate the internet CSE4 I am sure to use the e-government system on the Salaman application. Service expertise I am confident in my ability to overcome obstacles in the difficulty level of using CSE5 the e-government system in the Salaman application. I can understand the features of the e-government system in the Salaman CSE6 Matches personal style The e-government system in the Salaman app fits my preferred way of obtaining PC1 PC2 The e-government system on the Salaman application is suitable for my needs. I prefer virtual interactions with e-government systems on the Salaman application PC3 rather than personal interactions with physical offices. Influence on work habits PC4 The e-government system in the Salaman app fits my preferred way of interacting. PC5 Using the e-government system on the Salaman application will suit my lifestyle. The e-government system in the Salaman application has integrated and consistent PC6 data, which makes it easier to interact and get information. Belief Community/business organizations that use e-government systems on the Salaman PI1 app to receive government services have a high profile. Community/business organizations that use the e-government system on the PI2 Salaman application to receive government services have more reputation than those who don't Precision with reliability Interacting with the e-government system on the Salaman application to receive PI3 government services increases the social status of the community/business PI4 Public service staff provide information about when services will be carried out. Easy to Recognize Learning to interact with e-government systems on the Salaman application was PATU1 PATU2 The e-government system in the Salaman application is flexible to use Ease of Navigation PATU3 It's very easy to navigate the e-government system on the Salaman application. The interaction with the e-government system on the Salaman application is clear PATU4 and understandable. Convenience to Collect I can easily do my assignments using the e-government system on the Salaman PATU5 Information It's easy to download the required licensing documents using the e-government PATU6 system on the Salaman application. Accurate The information provided in the e-government system on the Salaman application PIQ1 is up-to-date. The e-government system on the Salaman application provides accurate information PIQ2 about the services provided https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Variable Indicator On-time Code PIQ3 PIQ4 Relevant PIQ5 PIQ6 Multilingual Option Presentation MLO1 MLO2 Use MLO3 MLO4 Perceived Functional Benefit Comfort PFB1 PFB2 Reliable PFB3 PFB4 Quality PFB5 PFB6 PFB7 Perceived Uncertainty Satisfaction with relationships PU1 PU2 Perceived Security Perceived alternative PU3 PU4 Data Confidentiality PS1 PS2 Perceived Privacy Security Guarantee PS3 PS4 Integrity PP1 PP2 No transaction recording PP3 PP4 Confidentiality PP5 PP6 Perceived Trust Reliability PT1 PT2 PT3 Credibility PT4 PT5 Concern Perceived Service Response Perception PT6 PSR1 Question Attribute The e-government system on the Salaman application provides sequential and systematic information. The e-government system in the Salaman application provides government policies related to system functions. The e-government system on the Salaman application provides an additional source of related information. The e-government system in the Salaman application provides the necessary links to other systems. Provides a choice of local/regional languages according to the majority language The availability of the native language . other tongu. in the e-government system on the Salaman application can help carry out tasks better. The availability of the native language . other tongu. in the e-government system on the Salaman application makes it easier to carry out tasks. Without the choice of native language . other tongu. I cannot perform my tasks in the e-government system on the Salaman application. I need to use the e-government system on the Salaman application from anywhere convenient for me. Using the e-government system on the Salaman application at any time convenient for me is crucial. The e-government system in the Salaman application helps complete tasks more It takes little to search for the services of the e-government system on the Salaman application compared to traditional government services. Using the e-government system on the Salaman application improves overall Using the e-government system on the Salaman application makes it easier to perform tasks. Using the e-government system on the Salaman application improves the quality of decision-making. Direct personal involvement is required to manage interactions with an electronic government system using the Salaman application. The results of interaction with e-government systems on the Salaman application are still being determined due to the absence of direct personnel. Interaction in the virtual environment is uncomforTable The e-government system in the Salaman application lacks trustworthiness when interacting online. The e-government system in the Salaman application is safe to use for financial The e-government system in the Salaman application protects my credit card The e-government system in the Salaman application has adequate security features. The security policy in the e-government system on the Salaman application is clearly stated. I hesitate to provide information about the e-government system on the Salaman The e-government system on the Salaman application protects the information that I disclose. The e-government system in the Salaman application does not share my personal information with other systems. The e-government system on the Salaman application can maintain its trust and The e-government system in the Salaman application provides regulations governing the security of community interaction/information. The Salaman application provides security and privacy statements for all egovernment services. The e-government system on the Salaman application as a whole is reliable The e-government system on the Salaman application is more reliable than physical government offices. What I do through the e-government system on the Salaman application is The government is fully responsible for all types of insecurity during interactions/transactions in the e-government system on the Salaman application. The legal and technological policies of the e-government system on the Salaman application are enough to protect me from problems on the internet. The administration of the e-government system on the Salaman application does not share personal information with other parties. The e-government system on the Salaman app remembers/recognizes me as a valued customer. https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Variable Indicator Code PSR2 PSR3 Satisfaction Adoption . tatic leve. Recommend Use Adoption . nteraction Recommend Use PSR4 ADOP11 ADOP12 ADOP13 ADOP14 ADOP21 ADOP22 ADOP23 ADOP24 Question Attribute The e-government system customer service on the Salaman application meets my specific needs. The e-government system in the Salaman application took quick action when I encountered problems carrying out my duties. The e-government system customer service on the Salaman application responds very quickly. I will suggest to those closest to me to use Salaman to get information I have suggested to the people closest to me to use Salaman to get information. I will use Salaman to get information I've used Salaman for information. I suggest to the people closest to me to use Salaman to use its services. I have suggested to the people closest to me to use Salaman to use its services. I will use Salaman to use their services I have used Salaman to use its services. analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) . The EFA factor analysis method finds connections between obvious or indicator variables when building structures. Conversely. CVA examines whether indicators grouped by latent variables . are structurally consistent . Based on the validity test, with data processing, in this case, using 14 variables followed by 36 indicators, there is one indicator whose value is below 0. 7 in model 1 PP3 indicator with a result of 0. The PP3 indicator is said to be invalid because the results obtained are below 0. Other indicators in model 1 are above 0. 7, where all items the source gives get a valid value for each question. Model 2 has two invalid indicators where the resulting value is below 0. The indicators are PC1 with a value of 0. 697, and PP3 with a value of 0. A comparison of the results of the two models shows that model 1 has the most valid indicators while model 2 is below model 1, and there are two invalid indicators obtained. Then when talking about the convergent validity analysis of model 1 as shown in Table i. RESULT AND DISCUSSION A) Validity Test The validity test assesses how closely the questionnaire's performance matches the value or measurement obtained when measuring the variable to be measured. Some of the methods used to test the validity are convergent validity and discriminant validity. Convergent validity and discriminant validity are two techniques for validating statements. Convergent validity is the first step in the outer model test used in research to assess how well a measurement tool or scale can reflect the same or comparable constructs as other measurement tools or scales while still being accepted as valid . Meanwhile, discriminant validity is an indicator used in research to measure how much a measurement instrument or scale can distinguish between different constructs or have other characteristics . The purpose of determining whether or not these assertions are true, it is possible to use techniques like exploratory factor Variable Perceived Awareness Availability of Resources Computer-self Efficacy Perceived Compatibility Perceived Image TABLE i CONVERGENT VALIDITY ANALYSIS MODEL 1 Outer Indicator Code Loading Knowing the existence of the system PA1 PA2 Government outreach/advertisement uses the PA3 PA4 Benefits of using the service PA5 PA6 Have adequate computer technology AOR2 AOR3 Have access to a high-speed internet AOR4 AOR6 Qualification and operating computer CSE1 CSE2 Qualification and operating internet CSE3 CSE4 Service expertise CSE5 CSE6 Matches personal style PC1 PC2 PC3 Influence on work habits PC4 PC5 PC6 PI1 PI2 AVE Explanation Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. 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E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Variable Indicator Code Precision with reliability Perceived Ability to Use PI3 PI4 PATU1 PATU2 PATU3 PATU4 PATU5 PATU6 PIQ1 PIQ2 PIQ3 PIQ4 PIQ5 PIQ6 MLO1 MLO2 MLO3 MLO4 PFB1 PFB2 PFB5 PFB6 PFB7 PFB8 PFB9 PU1 PU2 PU3 PU4 PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 PP1 PP2 PP3 PP4 PP5 PP6 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 PSR1 PSR2 PSR3 PSR5 ADOP11 ADOP12 ADOP13 ADOP14 Easy to Recognize Ease of Navigation Perceived Information Quality Accurate On-time Relevant Multilingual Option Presentation Use Perceived Functional Benefit Comfort Reliable Quality Perceived Uncertainty Satisfaction with relationships Perceived alternative Perceived Security Data Confidentiality Security Guaranteed Perceived Privacy Integrity No transaction recording Confidentiality Perceived Trust Reliability Credibility Concern Perception Satisfaction Adoption . tatic Recommend Use Variable Perceived Awareness Availability of Resources Outer Loading TABLE IV CONVERGENT VALIDITY ANALYSIS MODEL 2 Indicator Code Outer Loading Knowing the existence of the system PA1 PA2 Government outreach/advertisement PA3 uses the service PA4 Benefits of using the service PA5 PA6 Have adequate computer technology AOR2 AOR3 AVE Explanation Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Invalid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid AVE Explanation Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. 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E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Variable Computer-self Efficacy Indicator Code Have access to a high-speed internet Qualification and operating computer Qualification and operating internet Service expertise Perceived Compatibility Matches personal style Influence on work habits Perceived Image Belief Precision with reliability Perceived Ability to Use Easy to Recognize Ease of Navigation Convenience to Collect Information Perceived Information Quality Accurate On-time Relevant Multilingual Option Presentation Use Perceived Functional Benefit Comfort Reliable Quality Perceived Uncertainty Satisfaction with relationships Perceived alternative Perceived Security Data Confidentiality Security Guarantee Perceived Privacy Integrity No transaction recording Perceived Trust Reliability Credibility Concern Perception Satisfaction Recommended AOR4 Outer Loading AVE CSE1 CSE2 CSE3 CSE4 CSE5 CSE6 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PI1 PI2 PI3 PI4 PATU1 PATU2 PATU3 PATU4 PATU5 PATU6 PIQ1 PIQ2 PIQ3 PIQ4 PIQ5 PIQ6 MLO1 MLO2 MLO3 MLO4 PFB1 PFB2 PFB5 PFB6 PFB7 PFB8 PFB9 PU1 PU2 PU3 PU4 PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 PP1 PP2 PP3 PP4 PP5 PP6 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 PSR1 PSR2 PSR3 PSR5 ADOP21 Explanation Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Invalid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Invalid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 Variable Adoption nteraction leve. Indicator Code ADOP22 ADOP23 ADOP24 Use Based on Table i and IV above, in Table Model 1, there are indicators whose outer loadings value is below 0. 7, namely PP3 In contrast, model 2 indicators whose value is below 7 are PP3 of 0. 611 and PC1 of 0. This means an indicator 7 is invalid, while an indicator above 0. 7 means the question item is considered valid. The validity test looks at the concurrent validity value in the reflective model as seen by the average AVE value. The average AVE obtained from the two models above shows that all indicators have a value above 0. where the value is accepted as valid. The results of the discriminant validity test must meet the HT/MT . eterotrait / monotrai. value, which must be below 0. Reliability Test The Cronbach's alpha value and the composite reliability value are used to determine the reliability test, and they both must be greater than 0. 7 to satisfy the requirements . The reliability test results are in Table V and VI. ADOP1 AOR CSE MLO PATU PFB PIQ PSR AVE Explanation Valid Valid Valid Tables V and VI note that to determine the reliability of an indicator is used by looking at the value of CA (Cronbach's alph. CR (Composite reliabilit. , and AVE (Average variance extracte. The value obtained from 2 variables in CA and CR gets a result greater than 0. The AVE value obtained by the two variables is greater than 0. Its reliability is accepted and has consistency in measuring each variable. There are differences in the value of the test results obtained, namely ADOP1 CA . CR . , and AVE . ADOP2 values are obtained in CA . CR . , and AVE . The analysis of the inner model explains how the variables relate to one another, following the structural model of the research hypothesis . This analysis includes R Square. Q Square, and Model Fit. Indicator Outer Loading TABLE V RELIABILITY TEST RESULTS MODEL 1 Composite The average variance Cronbach's alpha extracted (AVE) . R Square: Based on Table VII, the R-squared value for each variable, the evaluation of the model using Smart PLS can be regarded as endogenous potential. The magnitude of the exogenous variables that can be used to explain the endogenous variables can be determined by looking at the R-squared coefficient of determination. The value of R squared is usually obtained from 0 to 1 . Based on Table VII above, in the ADOP1 variable, the resulting R Square value is 0. 532, and ADOP2 is 0. 565, which is in the moderate group. ADOP1 variables of 53. 2% and ADOP2 of 56. 5% were influenced by several variables used, while 46. 8% and 43. 5% were influenced by other variables not used in this study. The PT variable gets a value of 0. 430, meaning that the value is classified as weak. This PT variable is only 43% influenced by PP. PS, and PU variables, and the other 57% is influenced by variables not in this study. TABLE VII R SQUARE VALUE MODEL Variables R-square Model-1 TABLE VI RELIABILITY TEST RESULTS MODEL 2 Cronbach's Composite The average variance Indicator extracted (AVE) ADOP2 AOR CSE MLO PATU PFB PIQ PSR ADOP1 ADOP2 Model-2 . Q Square: Based on Table Vi, the structural model's Predictive correlation (Q. is used to measure the obtained variable values. The model in Smart PLS has predictive relevance for this construct for some endogenous latent variables because the value of Q2 is greater than zero for those variables . Based on Table Vi above, the value of Q2 in ADOP1 gets a value of 0. 496 and ADOP2 0. The value of the PT variable in Table Vi above gets the same value of https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 It can be concluded that the model has relevant predictive value. model 1 and model 2 is 0. 722, where the value is close to 1. The model follows the requirements and includes marginal fit. TABLE Vi Q SQUARE VALUE MODEL Variables Q2predict TABLE IX THE FIT MODEL Value seen Saturated Model Estimated Model SRMR NFI SRMR NFI Model-1 ADOP1 ADOP2 Model-1 Model-2 Model-2 . The Fit Model: Based on Table IX. The normal fit index (NFI) test model was used to assess the fitted model in this study. NFI is one minus the proposed model's Chi2 value divided by the null model's Chi2 value. NFI consequently returns a number between 0 and 1. The match will be more favorable the closer the NFI is to 1. An acceptable match is typically indicated by an NFI value greater than 0. Based on Tables IX above, the values obtained are close to each other, wherein model 1 SRMR, which is 0. 056, and model 2 SRMR, which is 0. means that the value does not exceed 0. The NFI value in Hypothesis AOR -> ADOP1 CSE -> ADOP1 MLO -> ADOP1 PA -> ADOP1 PATU -> ADOP1 PC -> ADOP1 PFB -> ADOP1 PI -> ADOP1 PIQ -> ADOP1 PP -> ADOP1 PP -> PT PS -> ADOP1 PS -> PT PSR -> ADOP1 PT -> ADOP1 PU -> ADOP1 PU -> PT Hypothesis AOR -> ADOP2 CSE -> ADOP2 MLO -> ADOP2 PA -> ADOP2 PATU -> ADOP2 PC -> ADOP2 PFB -> ADOP2 PI -> ADOP2 PIQ -> ADOP2 PP -> ADOP2 PP -> PT PS -> ADOP2 PS -> PT PSR -> ADOP2 PT -> ADOP2 PU -> ADOP2 Original Sample (O) Original Sample (O) A path coefficient value close to 1 indicates a strong positive relationship and a path coefficient value of -1 indicates a strong negative relationship. Path coefficient values range from -1 to 1. The t-statistic has a limit of 1. 96 for accepting and rejecting the proposed hypothesis. Based on Table IX above, there is a significant relationship to the variables used. Eight hypotheses in model 1 and 7 in model 2 are rejected because they have a t-statistic value of < t Table . and a pvalue of less than 0. TABLE X HYPOTHESIS TEST MODEL 1 Sample Mean (M) Standard Deviation (STDEV) T Statistics (|O/STDEV|) TABLE XI HYPOTHESIS TEST MODEL 2 Sample Mean 6y5tfr44r (M) Standard Deviation (STDEV) P Values T Statistics (|O/STDEV|) P Values https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 In Table X and Table XI, this study aimed to ascertain how each specific metric used with the application affected things. Four hundred respondents were used in the study, each receiving a questionnaire. The desired findings are to determine whether there is a significant hypothesis by fulfilling the requirements in the form of a t-statistic > t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. Perceived Awareness (PA): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results positively and significantly affected the perceived service response to adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the t-statistic model 1 is 1,040, and model 2 is 2,133. The p-values for models 1 and 2 298 and 0. 033, respectively. These findings demonstrate that model 2's value satisfies the criteria for a t-statistic > tTable . and a p-value of 0. Model 1 fails because the pvalue is higher than 0. 05, and the t-statistic value is less than the t-Table . This is supported by research . explaining that the coefficient value of the relationship between perceived awareness and e-government services is insignificant. The application must improve features, privacy, and security, making it reliably easier to use and convey information. The feature needs improvement categories should be based on analysis of user feedback, market research, and industry It is important to gather feedback from application users to identify areas for improvement and understand their specific needs and pain points. Additionally, conducting market research and analyzing competitors' products can provide insight into industry standards and best practices. understanding the specific needs of your users and keeping up with industry trends, you can identify features that need to be improved to increase the usability and reliability of your This analysis helps to prioritize development efforts and ensure improvements meet user expectations and market demands. The existence of an application as an egovernment system makes it easier for users to interact virtually by utilizing government services. This requires promoting the application by explaining superior features so people can find out and be interested. introducing e-government had a detrimental but insignificant impact on the perceived quality of information. The calculated p-values for model 1 is 0. 990, and for model 2 is 0. The tstatistics for models 1 and 2 are 0. 013 and 0. 185, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the obtained values do not satisfy the criteria for a t-statistic > t-Table . and a p-value > This is supported by research . explaining that there is no effect on the availability of resources on egovernmentBecause it is intended to make it simpler for users to acquire information. using the program does not require any specialized knowledge or abilities. This program is also quite lightweight, which means it can be utilized fast during the login process and does not use up an excessive amount of internet . Perceived Ability to Use (PATU): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results obtained a negative and insignificant effect on perceived information quality on adopting e-gov. The calculated p-values for model 1 843, and for model 2 are 0. The t-statistics for models 1 and 2 are 0. 198 and 0. 341, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the obtained values do not satisfy the criteria for a t-statistic > t-Table . and a p-value > 0. This is supported by research . explaining that the perceived ability to use does not affect e-government. The application needs to be updated to make it easier to use. The features used in virtual interactions are still not understood. This makes navigating the e-government system on the application very difficult. Computer-self Efficacy (CSE): has a positive relationship with adopting e-Gov. The hypothesis test results revealed that introducing e-government had a detrimental but insignificant impact on the perceived quality of information. The calculated p-values for model 1 are 0. 280, and for model 2, they are 0. The t-statistics for models 1 and 2 are 1,080 and 1,418. These results show that the value obtained does not meet the requirements in the form of a t-statistic value t Table . and a p-value below 0. Model 2 does not satisfy the criteria because the p-value is greater than 05, and the t-statistic value is t Table . This is supported by research . explaining that the coefficient value of the relationship between perceived compatibility with egovernment services is insignificant. The application provides convenience to users by obtaining information according to their needs. Usually, users dislike interacting with the application for virtual interactions. The advantages obtained also have drawbacks where there is a need to improve features for integrated and consistent data to make it easier to interact and get information. Availability of Resources (AOR): has a positive relationship with adopting e-Gov. The hypothesis test results revealed that . Perceived Functional Benefit (PFB): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results obtained a negative and insignificant effect on perceived information quality on adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the p-value of model 1 is 0. 383, and model 2 is 0. the tstatistic value for model 1 is 0. 873, and for model 2 is 1. These results show that the value obtained does not meet the requirements in the form of a t-statistic value t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. Model 1 does not meet the criteria because the t-statistic value < t Table . and the p-value is more than 0. These results are supported by the research of . stating that e-Government services are by the values that exist in the area and the needs of citizens, for example for e-Government that is implemented with citizens who have a variety of languages should be provided several languages features, for example, the regional language and Indonesian. Features of using the application are very influential with user interest. The application must provide a regional language that makes it easier for Indonesian people to The goal is because there are many differences in ethnicity, race, culture, and language in Indonesia, it is necessary to innovate the application feature to provide regional languages. Perceived Information Quality (PIQ): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results obtained a negative and insignificant effect on perceived information quality on adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the p-value of model 1 is 0. 693, and model 2 is 0. the tstatistic value for model 1 is 0. 395, and for model 2 is 1. These results show that the value obtained does not meet the requirements: a t-statistic value < t Table . and a p-value of more than 0. The research of . supports this, explaining that there was no significant effect on perceived information quality for e-government services. The application in its use must provide relevant information. The goal is that the application users get the desired information and can attract the use of the application. Each greeting is lacking in providing information because there are still many features that need to be updated. This needs improvement so that users can give trust and there is no disappointment in using the application. Perceived Trust (PT): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results positively and significantly affected perceived trust in adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the t-statistic model 1 is 4,317, and variable 2 is 4,341. The p-value in model 1 and variable 2 is 0. These results show that the value obtained meets the requirements in the form of a t-statistic value > t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. This research results . state that the relationship between trust in e-Government services has a significant effect. The application gives users confidence by guaranteeing that user data is stored safely, protected from various threats, and guaranteed privacy. This application also improves its services by increasing performance which can affect user confidence. Perceived Service Response (PSR): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results positively and significantly affected the perceived service response to adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the t-statistic model 1 is 3,807, and model 2 is 3,077. The p-value for model 1 is 0. 000, and for model 2 is 0. These results show that the value obtained meets the requirements in the form of a t-statistic value > t Table . and a p-value of less than These results are supported by research by . stating that the relationship between Perceived Service Response to eGovernment services has a significant effect. The application must trust the user so that the user can feel the application can be useful. Users can perceive that an application can improve their performance and productivity, the more likely they will decide to use the application. Perceived Uncertainty (PU): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results positively and significantly affected perceived uncertainty regarding adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the t-statistic model 1 is 2,622, and model 2 is 2,906. The p-value for variable 1 is 0. 009, and model 2 is 0. These results show that the value obtained meets the requirements in the form of a tstatistic value > t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. This research . where perceived uncertainty positively affects e-government services because it is the main factor influencing user acceptance. Using the application creates a lot of uncertainty or distrust among users. The reason is that in the virtual interaction of the application, there is still no direct personnel which makes interaction unmanageable. This requires improvement in the application to generate user trust in interacting online. Perceived Security (PS): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results obtained a positive and significant effect on perceived security on https://doi. org/10. 25139/inform. Inform : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Vol. 8 No. 2 July 2023. P-ISSN : 2502-3470. E-ISSN : 2581-0367 . Alkraiji and N. Ameen, "The Impact of Service Quality. 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Bus. , vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 490Ae503, 2022, doi: 10. 37531/sejaman. Sitio. AuAnalisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan PT Bank Panin Dubai Syariah. Tbk Jabodetabek Selama adopting e-gov. The value obtained on the t-statistic model 1 is 2,938, and model 2 is 2,783. The p-value for model 1 is 0. and model 2 is 0. These results show that the value obtained meets the requirements in the form of a t-statistic value > t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. The research of . supports this and explains that security significantly influences the intention to adopt fintech in Batam City. The use of the application provides benefits for its users, which gain the trust of users because they feel that the security provided is very The application is trustworthy and can increase the use of the application. Perceived Privacy (PP): has a positive relationship with the adoption of e-Gov. The hypothesis test results show a positive and significant effect on perceived privacy on adopting e-Gov. The results were obtained with a p-value of 0. 00, a tstatistic for model 2 of 3. 624, and a t-statistic for model 1 of This is because the results obtained meet the requirements as a t-statistic value > t Table . and a p-value of less than 0. Purwanto and Susanto stated that perceptions of privacy positively affect user trust . Trust in the use of the application has proven to be influential in the intention to use the application service due to the belief of the respondents that the application service will take action according to their needs and desires. The application is proven from the results of hypothesis testing in that user privacy can be trusted so that there is no leakage of personal data and providing information IV. CONCLUSION Based on the research results, the application found in the Bandung e-Government gives good value to society because this service application makes it easier for the citizens of Bandung to find the services they need from the government. was concluded that the users' positive feedback showed the extent of society's approval towards the e-Government service The percentage of assessment using the Government Adoption Model (GAM) is also based on respondents' answers to all variables obtained on average 78,40%, which indicates the criteria of "good". The implementation of the application shows that the higher users' positive feedbacks, the higher users' intention continue using the application. The application has many user-friendly systems for the citizens of Bandung, and there is an accurate data security system because the government guarantees the protection that the data used by users, such as logins, has been proven safe. There is no need to be afraid of data leaks. This shows that users have trusted the application to protect their The results of the application users have a positive and significant effect on the Perceived Service response (PSR). Perceived Trust (PT). Perceived Uncertainty (PU). Perceived Security (PS), and Perceived Privacy (PP) variables. REFERENCES