Journal Of Health Science Vol IX.
No.
2 2024 | 38-45
The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities and Dengue Fever Incidents on Jl.
Aman.
Tanjung Balai City.
Simardan Island Meutia Nanda .
Adinda Azima Riskiya Sibarani .
Aprida Aulia Rizki .
Diva Aulia Natasya .
Nuri Nabila Syahputri , 1,2,3,4,5 Faculty of Public Health.
State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan Email: meutianandaumi@gmail.
com, auliaaprida1@gmail.
divaaulianathasya@gmail.
com, nurinabilasyahputri@gmail.
Coresponding Author : meutianandaumi@gmail.
Article Information ABSTRACT The incidence of dengue fever is closely related to sanitation facilities Article History that invite Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to breed and become a disease Received: 10-07-24 Revised: 15-08-24 Accepted:13-09-24 problem that always occurs every year, including in Tanjung Balai City, around 70 cases of people contracting dengue fever and this is an endemic area for dengue fever in 2023.
This research aims to determine Keywords:
Dengue Fever.
Settlements.
Environmental Sanitation the relationship between sanitation facilities and the incidence of dengue fever on the Safe Road in Tanjung Balai City.
Simardan Island.
This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional method, the population in this study is the entire community on safe roads totaling 170 people and the total sample in this study is 60 people.
Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between garbage disposal .
value = 0.
and water storage .
value = 0.
with the incidence of DHF in Jalan Aman Kota Tanjung Balai Simardan Island.
It is hoped that this research can provide awareness to the government and health workers to carry out outreach and supervision to the public regarding the importance of maintaining the sanitary conditions of the home environment in good condition.
Introduction An environmental-based disease is a type of One of the environmental-based diseases is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.
DBD
(Dengue disease phenomena that affects a population Hemorrhagic Feve.
is an infectious disease that is closely associated, rooted, or tied to caused by the entry of the dengue virus into the or more environmental elements in an body through the bite of the Aedes aegypti and area where the community resides or functions Aedes Albopictus mosquitoes which can appear for a set amount of time.
(Kumiasa, 2.
throughout the year.
38 Journal Of Health Science Email : jurnalfik@wiraraja.
The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA DBD (Dengue Hemorrhagic Feve.
is known as an endemic disease in society because the process of spreading is very fast in a region and has even increased throughout the world in the last decade (Kharisna, 2.
In 2023, dengue fever cases reached a record high, impacting over 80 countries throughout the WHO's regions.
More than 6.
5 million cases and more than 7,300 dengue-related deaths have been documented since the beginning of 2023 due to continuingtransmission and an unanticipated surge in incidence.
In 2023, there were the most recorded cases of dengue infected with dengue fever (BPS Tanjung Balai City This can be seen from the sanitation facilities of the coastal communities in the city of Tanjung Balai, such as throwing rubbishcarelessly, so that there are blockages in drains or ditches caused by careless rubbish dumping, and the large number of water reservoirs which can be a factor in the development of mosquito vectors that carry dengue fever which is increasingly growing in the Based on this, it can be said that the incidence of dengue fever is strongly related to the sanitation of the home environment which invites the Aedes aegypti mosquito to breed.
There were 2,300 deaths and 4.
According to Prasetyo .
, respondents million cases reported by the WHO Americas who have poor sanitation conditions can be 3.
Region.
Asia accounted for the majority of times more likely to suffer from dengue fever instances reported, with Bangladesh .
compared to having good sanitation conditions, .
Malaysia .
Thailand .
, supported by research by Chairil .
that this and Vietnam .
having the highest can play a role and influence the risk of dengue numbers (Who, 2.
fever and is also supported by research.
Herlina.
Based on data from the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office in 2022, the number of dengue fever cases was 1,777 cases and in 2023 the number of dengue fever cases was 1,894 cases.
The DHF incidence rate in North Sumatra Province is still relatively high, namely 57.
2 per 100,000 population, where this figure has exceeded the national DHF incidence rate in 2022, namely 52 per 100,000 population (Ministry of Health 2.
Based on data from the Central Population Data Statistics Agency, number of dengue fever in the people of Tanjung Balai city is around 70 casesof people , & Husna.
, .
Environmental sanitation plays a major role in dengue fever.
Environmental sanitation factors that can influence dengue fever include water reservoirs and waste disposal Based on research by Dompas .
Respondents were 6.
41 times more likely to have a reservoir that did not meet their needs suffer from dengue fever.
Disposal sites or waste management that do not meet the requirements can also increase the risk of dengue fever (Arsyad, et al.
renvironmental sanitation facilities with the incidence of dengue fever on Jalan Aman, .
Journal Of Health Science The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA Simardan Island.
Tanjung Balai City.
The Table 1.
Characteristics of Responden
general objective of this research is whether
Variable Sum
Age
18 - 30
30 Ae 40 Gender of Respondents Man Woman Education Level Junior high Senior High School Work Fishermen Housewife Total there is a relationship between sanitation facilities and the incidence of dengue fever on the safe road in Tanjung Balai City.
Simardan Island.
Method This kind of study uses a crosectional methodology and a quantitative approach to measure the independent and dependent variables at the same time.
The independent variable in this research is 58,3% 41,7% 16,7% 83,3% 16,7% 33,3% 16,7% 83,3% environmental sanitation, such as rubbish dumps and water reservoirs, while the Based on table 1 above, it shows that most of the dependent variable is the incidence of respondents' ages are in the age range of 18 Ae 30 dengue fever This research was carried out years old as many as 35 .
3%) people, the on the Safe Road in Tanjung Balai City, genderof the respondents is mostly in the female Simardan Island, with the population in this gender as many as 50 .
3%),the most common research being all the people on the safe road level of education of the respondents is high school as manyas 30 .
%) based on occupation, neighborhood head (Keplin.
data of 170 the majority of respondents are unemployed or The sample size was calculated are housewives, amounting to 50 .
using the Lameshow formula so that the results were 60 people.
In this research, data Univariate Analysis collection methods were used through Univariate analysis was carried out to get an overview of the description of each interviews using questionnaires.
variable in the study, the list analyzed was Result and Discussion Characteristics obtained from distribution, frequency and Respondent characteristics aim toidentify the special characteristics that Tabel 2.
Distribution of Dengue Incidence Frequency on Jalan Aman.
TanjungCity.
Balai Pulau Simardan have, making it easier for authors to conduct research analysis.
The characteristics of the respondents can be seen from the table .
Journal Of Health Science Dengue No dengue dengue fever Total Sum The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA occurrence of dengue on the safe road of Based on table 2, it shows that respondents Tanjung City Balai PulauSimardan.
who suffer from dengue fever are 33 .
%) Table 5.
Results of Analysis of the Relationship Between garbage dumps and Dengue Incidence on Jalan Aman.
Tanjung City.
Balai Pulau Simardan people and respondents who do not suffer from dengue are 27 .
%) people.
Ineligible Garbage Dump Dengue Fever Sum Qualified Total Table 3.
Frequency Distribution of Respondent Waste Disposal Sites on Jalan Aman.
Tanjung City.
Balai Pulau Simardan Landfill Not Eligible Qualify Total
Sum
83,3%
16,7%
Based on table 5 above, it is known that of the 49 obtained that of the 60 respondents, the 0,032 Based on table 3 above, the results were Dengue P - value respondents whose landfills did not meet the requirements, namely 50 respondents .
3%).
Table 4.
Frequency Distribution of Respondent Water Shelters on Jalan Aman.
Tanjung City.
Balai Pulau Simardan Water Sum Reservoir Not Eligible Qualify Total respondents whose garbage disposal sites do not meet the requirements, there are 37 .
respondents suffering from dengue fever and as many as 12 .
%) respondents do not suffer from dengue, while of the 11 respondents whose garbage disposal sites meet the requirements, there are 4 with the incidence of dengue fever on the safe road of Tanjung Balai city.
Simardan island with p value = 0.
032 < sigma = 0.
7%).
respondents suffered from dengue and 7 .
2%) respondents did not suffer from dengue.
Based on the results of the chi square test, it shows that there is a relationship between the Waste Disposal Site.
Based on table 4 above, the results respondents, the majority or almost Table 6.
Results of Analysis of the Relationship Between Water Reservoirs and Dengue Incidence on Safe Streets.
Tanjung City.
Balai Pulau Simardan most of them Respondents whose Water Reservoir Dengue incidence water shelters do not meet the requirements, namely 42 respondents Dengue Fever .
%).
Ineligible No dengue Sum Bivariate analysis is carried out to see Qualified and find out whether there is a Total Bivariate Analysis P - value garbage, water reservoirs and home Based on the table above, it is known that of the 49 respondents whose water shelters do not meet the .
Journal Of Health Science The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA requirements, 39 .
%) respondents suffer can allow mosquitoes that breed in respondents from dengue and as many as 10 .
%) who have an unqualified garbage disposal system respondents do not suffer from dengue, while to enter the house andbiting the occupants of the of the 11 respondents whose water shelters meet the requirements, 2 .
3%) respondents The results of this study are in line with suffering from dengue and as many as 9 research conducted by Elisabeth et al.
7%) respondents did not suffer from that there is a meaningful relationship between And based on the results of the chi the waste disposal system and the incidence of square test, it shows that there is a dengue fever (Astuti, 2.
This research is also relationship between the Water Reservoir and in line with the research of Khairiyah.
the incidence of dengue fever on the safe road which shows that landfills have a significant of the city of Tanjung Pulau Balai.
Simardan relationship with the incidence of dengue with a with p value = 0.
015 < sigma =0.
-value=0.
The Relationship between dumps and Dengue Incidence The Based on the results of research environment of Tanjung Balai City.
Simardan conducted on 60 respondents, it is known Island is not good, with there are still people who that of the 49 respondents whose landfills have garbage dumps that are not closed and are not There were 37 .
7%) respondents waterproof and there are even many people who suffering from dengue fever and as many as throw garbage carelessly in their yards, which of 12 .
%) respondents not suffering from course the garbage around the community's dengue, while of the 11 respondents whose home environment can cause waterlogging which garbage disposal was eligible, 4 .
can be a supporting factor against the occurrence respondents suffered from dengue and 7 of dengue disease.
2%) respondents did not suffer from The local community is also less to Furthermore.
Ha is accepted based participate in mutual cooperation or work on the chi square test results, individually or carry out the 3M movement, indicate a p value of 0.
010 < p .
namely burying used items or garbage that is no indicating a correlation between the dengue longer used, draining places where there is outbreak and the waste disposal site.
water, closing holes that can hold water to keep This can happen because unqualified the environment clean and healthy.
garbage disposal sites such as open and With people who still do not have a impermeable garbage cans or people who qualified garbage disposal site and their behavior litter carelessly, of course, it can be a of still littering can certainly cause diseases such gathering place or as a breeding ground for as dengue fever because the existence of waste in vectors, one of which is mosquitoes, so it the home environment such aswaste cans, bottles, .
Journal Of Health Science The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA drums, used tires can be a breeding ground The requirements for a good water shelter for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes because these include draining the water reservoir which needs used items can hold water or become a place to be done regularly at least once a week or two for waterlogging if waste management is weeks so that mosquitoes cannot breed in the not carried out properly and correctly place because based on Lagu research .
because it will contribute as a breeding there is a relationship between draining water ground for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes which reservoirs and the presence of aedes aegypti can cause dengue disease.
mosquito larvae which can cause dengue.
Therefore, to prevent or analyze the addition, closing water reservoirs also plays an incidence of dengue disease, it is hoped that important role, water reservoirs that are at risk the community will have a qualified garbage of dengue incidence are open landfills.
disposal site and implement behaviors that According to Gama .
, houses that do not litter and must carry out the 3 M have a place to store water with more than 1 movement, because the garbage disposal shelter will be at risk of contracting dengue site is a because the more places to accommodate water, place that no less needs attention to the greater the possibility of Aedes aegypti prevent dengue.
mosquitoes to breed.
The Relationship between Water Reservoirs and Dengue Incidence Based on the results of the study conducted on 60 respondents, it was shown that of the 49 respondents whose water Based on the results of observations, using more than 1 water tank for the reason of storing more water will make it easier to meet daily The the water shelters did not meet the requirements, 39 storage system and the occurrence of dengue is .
%) respondents suffered from dengue also because most of the shelters are open, and as many as 10 .
%) respondents did especially water reservoirs outside the house.
not suffer from dengue, while of the 11 Based on the results of interviews and respondents whose water shelters met the respondents collected rainwater outside the suffered from dengue and as many as 9 house for daily needs in water reservoirs such as .
7%) respondents did not suffer from water barrels, buckets, drums and others and Additionally, the Water Reservoir were not covered.
A place to hold water that does and the incidence of dengue fever on not have a cover will make a good place for Tanjung Balai City's safe road.
Simardan mosquitoes to breed.
Because of course, a place to Island, are related, according to the findings accommodate water that has a high risk of of the chi square test, with p value = 0.
dengue transmission is a place to accommodate sigma a = 0.
ends that do not have a cover so that mosquitoes .
Journal Of Health Science The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities andAA can easilymultiply.
The study's findings are consistent with the disgraceful research of Mawaddah environment, the need to hold activities that can improve environmental cleanliness.
et al.
, which founda link between the For the next researcher, it is hoped that incidence of dengue and a water reservoir they can improve or complete the research by that did not fulfill standards.
making improvements or adding variables that Therefore, the most important factor will be used, to find out what factors can cause that can be done in suppressing the spread dengue disease.
of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is to close all BIBLIOGRAPHY