EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic, and Art Journal Volume 3. Nomor 2. Januari-Juni 2023 e-ISSN : 2746-1556 p-ISSN : 2746-1564 DOI : https://doi. org/10. 31539/edulia. AN ANALYSIS OF SENSE RELATIONS IN ALICE IN WONDERLAND 2: THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS MOVIE Metha Wulandari1. Sastika Seli2. Yulfi3 Universitas PGRI Silampari1,2,3 2607@gmail. Submit, 14-06-2023 Accepted, 27-06-2023 Publish, 30-06-2023 ABSTRACT The problems of the research were Aywhat are the kinds, dominant use, and meaning of sense relations used in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie?Ay. The objectives of the research were to explain the kinds, dominant use, and meaning of sense relations used in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method to clasify and analyze the data. The data were analyzed through some steps including identification, classification, reduction, description, and conclusion. After the data were analyzed, the reseacher found the kinds, the dominant use, and the meaning of sense relations used in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie. Sense relations in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie were analyzed in term synonymy, polysemy, homonymy, hyponymy, and The reseacher found synonymy 160 words . %) as the dominant use, the second dominant use is hyponymy 70 words . %), the third dominant use is antonymy 68 words . %), the fourth dominant use is homonymy 6 words . %), the fewest kind is polysemy 2 words . %). The meaning which has found was analyzed based on speaker sense and linguistic sense. The researcher found 5 words as speaker sense and almost all of the meaning of sense relations has linguistic sense because the meaning of word is lexical meaning based on the dictionary. Key words: Movie Sense. Relations. INTRODUCTION Language is one of the most important things in communication and it is used as a tool of communication among the nations in all over the world. As an international language. English is very important and has many inter-relationships with various aspect of life owned by human being. According to Harmer . , language users are texting, emailing, speaking, or letter-writing. They are making choices about the language they use based on what they want to say, what medium they are operating in, how texts are typically EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 constructed in such situations, what grammar they can use and what words and expressions they can find to express their meanings. In studying English, the dual relationship between linguistics and language teaching is important for language pedagogy. According to Meyer . , language has two additional functions Ae the interpersonal and the tex-tual that reflect the fact that language is influenced by the social and linguistic contexts in which it is used. The study of language is conducted within the field of linguistics. In linguistics, language signs are constituted of four different levels: phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Semantics deals with the meaning . hat is signifie. , while the other three all concerned with the exponent or phonological structure. Based on the topic discussion, semantics is the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of meaning, change in meaning, and the principles that govern the relationsip between sentences or words and their meanings. Semantics is a part of linguistics, since meaning is a part of language, semantics is the study of meaning therefore, meaning becomes part of language. Based on Hurford. Heasly, and Smith . , semantics is the study of meaning in language. Therefore, once people understand the meaning of a language, people completely understand that language meaning involves more that just the semantics interpretation of an utterance. Semantics is the technical term used to refer the study of meaning. Based on Fromkin. Rodman, and Hyams . , the study of the linguistic meaning of morphemes, words, phrases, and sentences is called semantics. In addition. The meaning of words is determined by the words arrangement in sentence or other word (Palmer,1976:. Semantic relations can refer to relations between concepts in the mind . alled conceptual relation. , or relations between words . exical relation. or text segments. However, concepts and relations are inextricably bound with language and text, and it is difficult to analyze the meaning of concepts and relations apart from the language that expresses them. Sense relation is one of materials on semantics. Sense relations talks about the explanation of a word meaning based on its relationship with the other words in a language. Kreidler . defines sense relations as Authe relations of meaning between words, as expressed in synonymy, hyponymy, and antonymy. Ay Thus, sense relations can be seen from the similarity of meaning as in synonymy, the inclusion of meaning as in hyponymy, and the oppositeness of meaning as in antonymy. Sense Relations is a term refers to the phenomenon that vocabulary is an integrated system interrelated in sense and can be divided into semantically related sets or fields, words in each semantic sense defines one Because, sense relations is study about meaning relation among words in language, as a tool of communication whenever language is used it is clearly necessary to understand how certain words are being used. Movies are a form of visual communication and they beneficial for language learners as sources to learn about sense relations. In this research, the researcher focuses to analyze the movie. Movie is a show of a motion picture. Based on Margono ( 2010: . AuFilm is cinema picture, movie, roll of thin flexible material used in photographyAy. In addition. Movie is an authentic Auempire of senses, cinema agglutinates space and time, image and word, reality and fiction, knowledge and feelingAy. Cinema considered to be a visual and aural narrative, translating words into succession of moving pictures to tell a story (Alqadi, 2015: . EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 The learners interest to watch adaptations of books, novels or classics stories into showing motion picture, it can make they useful and use movie as source to comprehend the meanings of language in used. For example, the Lewis Carrolls novel utterances: Authat shows that there are three hundred and sixty-four days when you might get un-birthday presentAy,AucertainlyAy said Alice. Auand only one for birthday presents you know, there is glory for youAy. AuI do not know what you mean by gloryAy said Alice. Auhumpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously Auof course you don not, till I tell you I meant there is a nice knockdown argument for youAy. Aubut glory does not mean a nice knockdown argumentAy said Alice. From the passage above, the writer suggests that the meaning carried by words may be affected by a speakerAos will. One of famous movies which exists in the study of meaning is AuAlice in Wonderland Serries. Alice in wonderland. Alice through the looking glassAy. The movie is a film that has genre: action, adventure, family, and fantasy. This film is directed by James Bobin, written by Linda Woolverton and produced by Walt Disney Pictures. Roth Film, and Todd Team. This film is released on August, 12th 2016. The famous film is a modern adaptation of the classic childrenAos story based on Lewis CarrollAos Novels AuAliceAos adventures in wonderland and through the looking glassAy. There are many admire about this movie. Visually, itAos stunning. From Colleen AtwoodAos costumes . he won an Oscar for the first movieAos costume. , this film grossed $299. 5 million USD at the box office and show in 80 countries in the world, this film is the top fantasy movie in international box office, and one of a great life lesson from this movie is the character Time has a great line. AuYou cannot change the past. But I daresay, you can learn from it. Ay People are encouraged to learn from our mistakes and use what peopleAove done in the past to help us live better lives (Caraka. RESEARCH METHOD This research is conducted from January 2017 until July 2017. The reasearcher conducted this research in the library of STKIP-PGRI Lubuklinggau and the library of Lubuklinggau city for several months. The took the place in library because the researcher had to collect some references to support this research. In this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research as a research design. In this research, the researcher used qualitative approach as research design. There were some procedures in conducting this The design in such studies must be rigid and not flexible and must focus attention on the following (Kothari, 2004: . : . Formulating the objective of the research . hat the research is about and why is it being made?): . Designing the methods of data collection . hat techniques of gathering data will be adopted?). Selecting the sample . ow much material will be needed?). Collecting the data . here can the required data be found and with what time period should the data be related?). Processing and analyzing the data. Reporting the findings. Qualitative research is to describe and analyze the data clearly in a research from the researcher. This research used descriptive qualitative research because the data are described and analyzed in words. This research discussed and analyzed sense relations in EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 AuAlice in wonderland 2: through the looking glassAy movie directed by James Bobin. After the data were collected, the researcher was described the kinds of sense relations. Some of sense relations kinds are: Synonymy. Polysemy. Homonymy. Hyponymy. Antonymy. After that, the researcher found the dominant use and analyze the meaning (Speaker sense and Linguistics sens. of sense relations. The data were taken from AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking GlassAy movie dialogue. Data sources were divided into two types, they were primary and secondary source. In this research, the secondary data as supporting data were taken from several semantics books, journals relate to sense relations, articles relate to sense relations, and some information from internet relatet to this research. In this research, the researcher conducted library research to collect the data. Library research is the research that use library source to get information. Kothari . explains that library research has two methods, there are analysis of historically and analysis of documents. The researcher conducted the research through documentation to collect the data. Documentation method is looking for data about the items, such as transcription, book, magazine, newspaper, and so on (Arikunto, 2010:. In this research, the researcher watched the movie and then, the researcher transcripted the spoken language into written in AuAlice in wonderland 2: through the looking glassAy movie . rthographic transcriptio. Next, the researcher identifies the script several times to find out sense relations. The data was analyzed by descriptive technique. There were some steps or procedures that were used by the researcher, they were as follows: . Identification, after collecting the data, the researcher read all the text of alice in wonderland, through the looking glass movie script content to identify them. Classification, the researcher selected the words of sense relations that have been identified by the researcher, and then the words were classified based on the kinds and meaning of sense relations (Synonymy. Polysemy. Homonymy. Hyponymy, and Antonym. Reduction, in this research, the data were reduced by making a brief description, giving direction, eliminating unimportant data, and organizing data for drawing and verifying the data. The researcher gave a specific description and make it is easier in collecting the data. The data which reduced by the researcher were the data that do not needed in this research like the words that do not include in sense relations. Description, the researcher described the data in form of table which consist of analyzing sense relations based on kinds, the dominant use, and the meaning of sense relations after indentifying and classifying the words of sense relations. Theformulais: ycEycn = ycu 100% ycA Pi= Percentage F = The number each kinds of sense relations that found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie N = The total number all of kinds of sense relations that found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 100 = Number of Percentage RESULTS There are some findings in this research including the kinds of sense relations such as synonymy, polysemy, homonymy, hyponymy and antonymy. Next is the dominant use, and the meaning of sense relations . peaker sense and linguistics sens. Kinds of Sense Relations After watching the movie, the researcher found that all kinds of sense relations used in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie. The first is Synonymy, the second is polysemy, the third is homonymy, the fourth is hyponymy and the last is antonymy. The researcher presents the data in the following table: Tabel 4. The Data Found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie No Kinds of Sense Number Percentage Relations Synonymy Polysemy Homonymy Hyponymy Antonymy Total Based on the table above, it shows all kinds of sense relations were found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie. The researcher gave some explanations about the data as follows: Synonymy According to Palmer . stated that, synonymy is used to mean Aosameness meaningAo. However, it can be maintained that there are no real synonyms, that no two words have exactly the same meaning. Indeed it would seem unlikely that two words with exactly the same meaning would both survive in a language. Table 4. Synonymy of word in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie Words are Time Word Classes Voyage 07:15 Noun Travelled 08:46 Verb Expedition 09:32 Noun Investigate 17:47 Verb Highness 35:51 Noun EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Majesty Lord 35:53 35:55 Noun Noun Based on the table above, the words voyage, travelled, expedition, and investigate are synonym of one another. Then the words highness, majesty, and lord called synonymy too they have sameness or close meaning. The reseacher found the words include as synonymy From the dialogues below: Dialogue 4. :05-07:. In Alice chamber. Alice and her mother discuss about AliceAos plan. Helen : Are you leaving again? So soon? There are matters here which might benefit from your attention. Alice : After my next voyage! you will not worry about anything. Helen : Am I permitted to worry about to night? I wish you had worn the yellow dress. Dialogue 4. :38-08:. In party room. Hamish is introducing her wife to Alice. Hamish : Miss Kingsleigh . This is my wife. Alexandra. The new Lady Ascot. So. Alexandra : Hamish tells me that you travelled the world the last three years. Alice : Yeah. IAove just returned. Dialogue 4. :25-09:. Alice met the board and explained about her expeditions. Alice : Good evening gentlemen. The world opens to us, but we must move quickly. In my belief that further expeditions along the Wu River and Hamish : I'm sorry Miss Kingsleigh, there will be no further expeditions. Alice : What? Hamish : Now, there is a position clerking in our offices. You will start files. but in Dialogue 4. :42-16:. When alice arrived in underland, she is confused with hatterAos condition. Alice : What happened? Dog (Bayar. : There was a great storm. We go the tulgey woods to investigate. Let's see, quadruped. Hatter : Look for it! Fetch! Dialogue 4. :50-36:. Red queen comes to mr. Time Castle and she want a gift from him. Wilkins . I'm coming sir! Quick, run! Let's see here. I have a few good seconds. Stay in line Behind! Keep in line! Your Highness! Red Queen : I'm Your Majesty! Wilkins : Majesty. my lord is expecting you in the parlour. Should I announce? Red Queen : Needless! No mind! I can announce myself. Tick-tock, where are you?Tick-tock, where are you? Tick-tock? EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Polysemy When the readers encounter two or more words with the same form and related meanings, they have what is technically known as polysemy. Table 4. Polysemy of word in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie Kinds of sentences Time Words are Polysemy You always have to head strong. 07:40 Head Her head rather voluminous 50:41 Your head looks very beautiful and big 36:29 From the table above, the word head have different meaning in each sentences. So, the word head is called polysemy because it has different meaning based on the speaker expression in different sentences. The reseacher found the words include polysemy from the dialogues below: Dialogue 4. :18-07:. Alice and Helen come to mr. Hamish house. Helen : Am I permitted to worry about to night? I wish you had worn the yellow dress. Alice : If itAos good enough for the dowager empress of china. Then, itAos good enough for the Ascots. Hellen : You always have to headstrong. Alice : It is just more fun that way. Dialogue 4. :24-50:. In a castle Hatter and her father were fight because he was broken the red queen Zanik : If you are to be a hatter worthy the Hightopp name. You have to be sane, sober Everything that you're not now! Hatter : I just laughed, father. I could not help it, her head is rather voluminous Zanik : You cost her crown Princess! You know what it means to us? Hatter : Why ever I do anything right for you? Dialogue 4. :16-37:. Red queen comes to mr. Time castle and she ask about a gift for her. Mr. Time : I'm coming sweetheart. Red Queen : My present! Mr. Time : Of course. My darling. your head looks very, very beautiful and big. present, a gift. Made entirely of love. With a bit of metal and wood, of I know how much you love the tiny things. Red Queen : I will treasure forever. What fun! EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Homonymy Palmer . states that homonymy is when there are several words with same shape. There are three types of homonyms: Perfect homonyms: They are different words identical both in sound and spelling, though different in meaning. Homographs are different words identical in spelling, but different in sound and . Homophones: They are different words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. The term homophone refers to words that are pronounced the same but spelt differently. Table 4. Homonymy of word in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie Words are See Sea Too Two Present Present Phonetics Time /si:/ 05:40 /si:/ 04:44 /tu:/ 20:20 /tu:/ 01:04:32 /Aopreznt/ 36:21 /prIAozent/ 36:38 Word Classes Verb Noun Adv Adj Adjecctive Verb From the table above, the antonymy words were found homographs and homophones, one type of homonyms . erfect homonym. was not found in that movie. The reseacher found the words include homonymy from the dialogues below: Dialogue 4. :35-05:. Alice and her ship arrived in harbor and she met mr. Alice : There were complications, pirates and such. The ledgers are in my cabin and would you pleasse, let lord Ascot know. I should like to see him immediately. Harcourt : IAom afraid lord Ascot passed away whilst you were at sea. The titleAos has passed to his son. Dialogue 4. :16-37:. Red queen comes to mr. Time castle and she ask about a gift for her. Mr. Time : I'm coming sweetheart. Red Queen : My present! EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Mr. Time : Of course. My darling. your head today, looks very, very beautiful and big. I present, a gift. Made entirely of love. With a bit of metal and wood, of I know how much you love the tiny things. Hyponymy A hyponym includes the meaning of a more general wordAy. Palmer . states that Auhyponym involves us in the nation of inclusion in the senseAy. It means that when the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another. Hyponymy is the general word having specific word. The data is known to hyponymy caused of taxonomies typically has hierarchical structure. The general word is called Ausuperordinate or hypernymAy, the specific word is called sub-ordinate or part of Table 4. Hyponymy of word in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie Hypernym Human Hyponymy Head Lips Tounges Ears Nose Hand Fingers Elbow Hair Neck Time 48:23 48:36 48:38 48:39 01:25:31 01:25:35 25:36 01:25:37 06:19 01:06:46 Word Classes Noun Based on the table above, hyponymy word were found in the dialogue, the superordinate is human body and the sub-ordinate is head, lips, tounges, ears, nose, hand, fingers, elbow, hair, and neck. The sub-ordinate word included the meaning of superordinate word. The reseacher found the words include hyponymy from the dialogues Dialogue 4. :23-48:. In castle, after her crown has broken, red queen is angry to everyone. Woman : Put a bag on her head. Red Queen : Put a bag on your head!Cover everyone's head! I will sew up your lips!carve your tounge!. Will cut off your ears of all! just cut off off off with And they lose fits. Dialogue 4. :25:28-01:25:. Red queenAos guard unscrewed Alice and her friend from giant jail. Vegetables: She ate my nose. And My hand Also, my fingers and my elbow. EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Hatter : Thank you. I think captivating lights, without that nose. Absolutely radianting! Dialogue 4. :10-06:. Alice tell her experience to her mother about her investigation in china. Alice : Mother. ChinaAos is incredible! We followed the Yangtze deep in to the Most of people had never seen person with yellow hair before. Helen : Were you never afraid? Antonymy Based on Palmer . AuThe term antonymy is used for Aooppositeness of meaningAo. They are three types of antonymy, they are: . Complementary pairs or Binary Pairs. Palmer . stated that Aucomplementary pairs are predicates which come in pairs and between them exhaust all the relevant possibilitiesAy. In complementary pairs if the one predicate is applicable, then the other can not be and vice verse. In other words, complementary pairs is a relation between words such that the positive of are implies the negative of the other. Gradable pairs. Palmer . stated that Aogradable pairs are the negative words are not synonymous with the otherAy. It means that a relationship between opposites where the positive of one term does not necessarily imply the negative of the . Relational Opposite, relational opposites happen when a predicate describes a relationship between two things . r peopl. and some other predicate describe the same relationship with the two things . r peopl. are mentioned in the opposite words. Table 4. Antonymy of word in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie Words are Antonymy Hate Love Big Small Take Give Friend Enemy Good Bad Time Word Classes Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective 49:24 01:34:24 38:01 41:21 01:12:22 38:32 01:39:48 01:19:02 01:12:04 17:01 Kinds of Binary Binary Gradable Gradable Relational Relational Binary Binary Gradable Gradable Based o the table above, it shows the antonymy word and all of kinds of antonyms in the dialogue of Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie. The reseacher found the words include antonymy from the dialogues below: Dialogue 4. :26-50:. Red queen is fury about kingAos announcement. EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 the King Iracebeth : You are unfit to rule. Iracebeth. : I hate you! I hate you all! And you. I'll never forget, you sniggering Hightopp derisive. No. I will terrible revenge. Vile! Slow! Mirana : Iraci? Iracebeth : Do not give me Iraci! You you started it! Why do not you tell them the truth? I didnAot think so. Nobody loves Me!Nobody loves Me! Dialogue 4. :33:54-01:34:. White queen take apologies about her faults to red queen. Red Queen : Does this always happening to me? Why does not anyone love me? White Queen: I love you Racie. Red Queen : It is not true. This is all your fault! Dialogue 4. :11-41:. Mr. Time was angry because Alice steal his magical machine. Alice : How do I work this? Mr. Time : Halt!, enough! Stop you little mouse! Stop you small fretting! No no Dialogue 4. :53-38:. Red queen want to borrow the chronosphere but mr. Time did not agree about Red Queen : Yes, yes. I know well! But you do not see . With my big brain and . Your little Chronosphere . I could take revenge for my sister. And then we could rule in the past, present . and the future. Mr Time : You ask the impossible, dear. I can not give Chronosphere. Dialogue 4. :12:16-01:12:. In hospital. Alice run off with someone cab. Man : No. Do not let her get away. Alice : If three years at sea taugh me anything, itAos how to tie abloody good Man : It's my cab! You can not take that Alice : I am sorry. I pleas insanity. Dialogue 4. :50-17:. When Alice comes to underland she met her friends. Tweedles : Alice, you're back! : Do not you be nice to her! She late! Alice : I'm late! have I come at a bad time? White Queen: On the contrary, we were afraid you were not coming at all. Dialogue 4. :39:04-01:39:. Alice say good bye to her friends because she return to her real world. Alice : But a dream is not reality! Hatter : And who tells you, which is which? Thackery : Alicia did. An impossibility. Alice : Not as impossible as you say goodbye. My friends. Goodbye Hatter. Dialogue 4. :18:56-01:19:. Mr. Time failed to find Alice and he comes to red queen castle. Mr. Time : No. I must find her,Where is? EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Red Queen Mr Time :Why do you think I know ?! : Because she is your enemy. She muttered . anutterance allusion about to the Hightopp. Hightopps. He said he was going to rescue them. What could it mean? The Dominant Use The researcher calculated the most dominant use by using the formula from Riduan & Sunarto . The formula is Pi=F/N x 100 Pi= Percentage The number each kinds of sense relations that found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie N = The total number all of kinds of sense relations that found in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie 100 = Number of Percentage The kinds of Sense Relations in Alice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass Movie were synonymy, polysemy, homonymy, hyponymy and antonymy. The most dominant type kinds of sense relations are synonymy. The researcher found synonymy 160 words . %) as the dominant. The second dominant type is hyponymy 70 words . %). The next found is antonymy 68 words . %). Then, homonymy 6 words . %). The fewest types are polysemy 2 words . %). Meaning of Sense Relations Discussing more about the study of sense . r meanin. , furthermore, it can be divided into two areas: Speaker-sense and Linguistics-sense (Parker, 1986:. Meaning Based on Speaker sense Speaker Sense is the speakers intention in producing some linguistics expression. According to Leech . 1: . Connotative meaning is the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what is refers to. over and above its purely conceptual content. Meaning Based on Linguistic sense Linguistic Sense is the meaning of a linguistic expression as a part of language based on the thruth or . And the dictionarry meaning of individual word, called lexical meaning . r denotatio. is the meaning of are given in a dictionary term. Conceptual meaning . ometimes called AodenotativeAo or AocognitiveAo meanin. is widely assumed to be the central factor in linguistic communication (Leech, 1981: . Based on the kinds of sense relations that have been found above, the researcher gave explanations about the meaning of sense relations through the following table. Table 4. The Meaning of Sense Relations of the Language in AuAlice in Wonderland 2: through the Looking Glass MovieAy Sense Relations Ambigous Word (SS) Synonymy Homonymy Bad Lexical Meaning (LS) 159 words 6 words Number 160 words 6 words EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Polysemy Hyponymy Antonymy Total Head Worm. Mouse. Cock 5 words 1 word 67 words 2 words 70 words 68 words 301 words 68 words 306 words DISCUSSION The researcher analyzed Alice in Wonderland 2: throgh the Looking Glass Movie by James Bobin. The finding showed that this movie used sense relations in the some Sense relations are the meaning relationship between one word to other Based on the finding above, the data found all kinds of sense relations were in that while one types of homonym . erfect homonym. was not found in that movie. Synonymy is the sameness or closely meaning between two or more words, homonymy is the the word that have same spelling, phonetic and same pronounciation but have differeent meaning, polysemy is the word having two or more meaning, hyponymy is one word can express the other word meaning, and antonymy is two word have opposite The researcher give more the explanation below: A The Kinds of sense Relations Synonymy According to Palmer . stated that, synonymy is used to mean Aosameness meaningAo. However, it can be maintained that there are no real synonyms, that no two words have exactly the same meaning. Indeed it would seem unlikely that two words with exactly the same meaning would both survive in a language. For example, the word voyage from the dialogue below: Situation: In Alice chamber. Alice and her mother discuss about AliceAos plan. Helen: Are you leaving again? So soon? There are matters here which might benefit from your attention. Alice : After my next voyage! you will not worry about anything. There is a synonym of word between Alice and Helen dialogue, the word is voyage. When the speaker express the word voyage is synonym with travelled, expedition, and Based on the finding above, the synonymy of words, they are voyage, travelled, expedition, and investigate that have close and related meaning. The notion of synonymy can be extended to hold between words of different parts of speech, in this case between the verb and the noun . oyage, travelled, expedition, and investigat. The data is known as synonymy from the explanation meaning of Oxford Dictionary. Voyage is long journey esp by sea or in space, in a ship. Travelled is go from one place to another, esp over a long distance. Expedition is organized journey for a purpose, ep exploration. People who go on an expedition. And investigate is examine the facts about something in order to discover the truth. Then, the words highness, majesty, and lord called as the second synonymy too they have sameness or close meaning each other. The words highness, majesty, and lord also EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 known as synonym because the sense of each word have related meaning. Highness is title of a member of the royal family, to a high position. Majesty is title of respect used when speaking to or about a king or queen. Lord . n some religion. being that is believed to have power over nature or to present a particular quality, title used by some high ranks of men of high social class. By the explanation of similarity or closely meanings, they called synonymy. Homonymy According to Palmer . states that homonymy is when there are several words with same shape. In other words, homonyms are different words which are pronounced the same, but different meaning. Based on the finding above, the homonymy of words are sea, see, two, too, present and present. Homophones The word see as verb and sea as noun are called homophones because See pronounce /si:/ and sea pronounce /si:/ are different words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. The word sense of see is 1 became aware of sb/sth by using the eyes 2 use the power of sight, the word sense of sea is the expanse of salt water that covers most of earth surface and surrounds its land masses. The researcher found the homonymy of word based on the dialogue between Alice and Mr. Harcourt below: Situation: Alice and her ship arrived in harbor and she met mr. Alice : There were complications, pirates and such. The ledgers are in my cabin and would you pleasse, let lord Ascot know. I should like to see him immediately. Harcourt : IAom afraid lord Ascot passed away whilst you were at sea. The titleAos has passed to his son. Next, the word too as adverb and the word two as adjective called homophones because different words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. The word sense of too means 1 In addition, also 2 to a higher than is desirable, permissible, and the word sense of two is 1Into two halves or pieces 2equivalent to the sum of one and one. Too and two are different words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. Homographs The word AupresentAy is appear twice the first, pronounced /Aopreznt/ is adjective the sense is thing that you give as a gift and the second is pronounced /prIAozent/ is a verb the sense is give something to somebody formally. The word AupresentAy and AupresentAy are different words identical in spelling, but different sound and meaning. Based on the data were found the word present are called Homographs. From those analysis, the data are homophones and homographs. there are not found perpect homonyms. And homophones and homographs are include the kind of homonymy that why the data are called homonymy. Polysemy When the readers encounter two or more words with the same form and related meanings, they have what is technically known as polysemy. According to Yule . , polysemy can be defined as one form . ritten or spoke. having multiple meaning that are all related by extension. EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 Based on the finding above,the example of polysemy found in the movie is head. The word head have more than one meaning when the speaker use in different sentences. The sentence AuYou always have to head strongAy is found at . The sentence AuHer head rather voluminousAy is found at . And the sentence AuYour head looks very beautiful and bigAy is found at . Those are the data of polysemy in this analysis. Because the words AuheadAy in those sentences has different meaning although those are the same word. Now, the researcher analyses one by one about the meaning of AuheadAy in each Based on the contextual when the speaker said:Au You always have to head strongAy, the meaning of word AuheadAy could not be stand alone, it must be the phrase AuheadstrongAy, the meaning is a determined to do things her own way, refusing to listen the In the sentence AuHer head rather voluminousAy, the word AuheadAy is not the part of our body, but it means a problem, pain in the head. in this situation there is power that can make the crown broken when the Red Queen was agry. In the sentence AuYour head looks very beautiful and bigAy, the meaning of word AuheadAy could stand alone. It means AuheadAy part of human body. Based on the contextual and situational meaning is trurth because Red Queen has big Head. From the analysis above, the word AuheadAy has several meanings and called polysemy. Hyponymy When the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another, the relationship is described as hyponymy (Yule, 2006:. When people consider hyponymous connections, people are essentially looking at the meaning of words in some type of hierarchical relationship. Based on the finding above, the word include in the hypernymy is Authe human bodyAy. And the specific of this hypernym called hyponym or subordiate are head at . , lips at( 48:. , tounges at . , ears at . , nose at . :25:. , hand at . :25:. , fingers at . , elbow at( 01:25:. , neck at . :06:. and hair at . Hyponymy is a sense relation between predicates . r sometimes longer phras. such that meaning of one predicate . r phras. icluded in the meaning of the other. In this case, the meaning of the human body is included the meaning of head, lips, tounge, ear, nose, hand, fingers, elbow, neck and hair. The human body is the superodinate terms. lips, tounge, ear, nose, hand, fingers, elbow, neck and hair are hyponym of the human body . art of human bod. The superordinate term, the human body is more general or inclusive in meaning than its hyponym head, lips, tounge, ear, nose, hand, fingers, elbow, neck and hair, which is much more specific in the part of body it describes. Antonymy Based on Palmer . AuThe term antonymy is used for Aooppositeness of meaningAo. words that are opposite are antonyms. Antonymy is often thought of as opposite of synonymy, but the status of the two are differentAy. Antonym is a word that is opposite in meaning to another word. Based on the finding above, antonymy of words are hate >< love . , big >< small . , take >< give . , friend >< enemy . , good >< bad . Complementary or binary pairs EDULIA: English Education. Linguistic and Art Journal 3. : 105-125 According to Palmer . stated that Aucomplementary pairs are predicates which come in pairs and between them exhaust all the relevant possibilitiesAy. Another way to view this is to say that a preicate is a binary antonym of another predicate if it entails te negative of the other predicate. For example, he researcher found the binary antonymy from the conversations below: Situation: Alice say good bye to her friends because she return to her real Thackery : Alicia did. An impossibility. Alice : Not as impossible as you say goodbye. My friends. Goodbye Hatter. Situation: Mr. Time failed to find Alice and he comes to red queen castle. Mr Time : No. I must find her,Where is? Red Queen :Why do you think I know ?! Mr Time : Because she is your enemy. The word sense AufriendAy is person you know well and like but who is not a relative, the word sense AuenemyAy is person who hates somebody or who act against something, if a friend ca not be enemy. If a enemy can not be friend. Alternatvely, if someone is a friend this entails that someone is not a enemy. If someone is a enemy this entails that someone is not a friend. The word sense AuloveAy is strong feeling of eep affection for somebody/something, the word sense AuhateAy is have a great dislike for somebody/something. The meaning of this terms are mutually exclusive and no possibilities are allowed between them. The assertion of one is the negation of the other. Hate >< love is complementary or binary antonym because if someone love something this mean he is not hate it, if someone hate something that mean he is not love it. Gradable pairs According to Palmer . stated that Aogradable pairs are the negative words are not synonymous with the otherAy. It means that a relationship between opposites where the positive of one term does not necessarily imply the negative of the other. The researcher found the word good and bad as gradable pair because the word sense AugoodAy is a high quality the word sense AubadAy is not good: unpleasant, poor of Not everything that can be good or bad. It can be concluded that gradable antonyms are pairs that describe opposite ends of a continuous scale. The word sense AubigAy is large in size, the word sense AusmallAy is not large in size, number, degree,amount etc. Big>