539
Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology 8.
539-560 Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology Journal homepage: http://ejournal.
edu/index.
php/ijost/ The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and Technological Lexical Learning: Review and Bibliometric Approach Amirullah Abduh1,2,*.
Ade Mulyanah1.
Besse Darmawati1.
Fairul Zabadi1.
Umar Sidik1.
Wuri Handoko1.
Karta Jayadi2.
Rosmaladewi Rosmaladewi3 Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional.
Indonesia Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Indonesia Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan.
Indonesia *Correspondence: E-mail: amirullah@unm.
ABSTRACT
This research aims to portray the current representation of the term AutechnologyAy in association with other related terms in language education.
The method used for this study is the combination of content analysis representation of both compleat lextutor analytical tool and bibliometric approach.
The finding of the research is that four basic areas relate to language and technology in language training:
multiculturalism and technology become a central theme.
the technology in language skill, knowledge, and assessment.
technology and thinking.
and technology in language and This research implies that educators should be able to utilize available practical technological tools for teaching, learning, analyzing, and modeling language Further, this research has been limited to the area of published manuscripts of language education which may cover specifically non-empirical primary data.
Therefore, further empirical research may bolster the current findings of the bibliometric research on language and technology in language education.
A 2023 Tim Pengembang Jurnal UPI
ARTICLE INFO
Article History:
Submitted/Received 15 Jul 2023
First Revised 11 Aug 2023
Accepted 24 Oct 2023
First Available online 26 Oct 2023
Publication Date 01 Dec 2023
____________________
Keyword:
Bibliometric analysis.
Language education.
Technology.
Abduh et al.
The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and A | 540
INTRODUCTION
The use of technology-assisted language learning and analysis has become one of the important tools in the current global digital wave for many reasons.
Firstly, technology can assist in the publication of the paper and provide an alternative solution for academic writing (Ali et al.
, 2.
Secondly, the use of digital technology in a language context can be a source for learning and help measure the impact on language learners (Sauda et al.
Thirdly, language digital technology can help teachers monitor the development of language learnersAo vocabulary and pronunciation (Hussein, 2.
Fourthly, digital technology in language can trigger the intercultural sensitivity of the cultures of learners (Syarifuddin et al.
, 2.
so that they can increase their intercultural knowledge and skills.
Fifthly, language digital technology can provide various sources of text-based- teaching and learning for language learners, language teachers, and activists (Maman et al.
, 2.
For these reasons, the use of technologyassisted language learning plays a major role in supporting language development, language competency, intercultural learning, and language learning resources.
Therefore, it is worthy of further investigation of the use of technology-assisted language learning for both global and national contexts.
Globally, one of the technologies that assist language learning is compleat lextutor application (CLA).
Research into the use of compleat lextutor tool has been done globally.
For example.
Coxhead .
has investigated the in-depth level of word acquisition using concordance as the basis data for CLA.
Then.
Coxhead .
identified the importance of mastery of academic word These academic word lists then are integrated into the website of CLA website.
Cobb .
published the compleat lexical tutor fourth edition that described a detailed elaboration of the CLA and its features.
This investigation shows the importance of CLA for language research, language learning, and concordance.
The CLA has been used widely including in Indonesian Nationally, the research into the use of CLA has been conducted by several For example.
Abduh and Rosmaladewi .
investigated the use of CLA for assessing university studentsAo vocabulary levels majoring in Business English at a public Indonesian university.
Viera .
researched lexical diversity by comparing abstracts from published manuscripts written in English-speaking countries and non-English-speaking nations.
Further.
Wiranty .
portrayed the vocabulary profile that is used in the reading passage of the national entrance tests of Indonesian public universities.
There is increasing awareness of language educators using CLA in their language teaching and learning purposes.
However, the research into the sample application of CLA for determining the levels of vocabulary in a reading passage, identifying the appropriate concordance used in published manuscripts, and educational purposes have become less attention among researchers.
Consequently, not many published papers found on the use of CLA for research purposes and education goals.
To respond to the limited availability of research in the area of CLA, this paper aims to contribute to the further development of CLA for vocabulary research, learning, and educational purposes.
The following sections describe the key concept of vocabulary learning using technology, methodology, findings and discussion, and conclusion.
METHOD AND MATERIALS
For the lextutor analysis, the sample is the published papers that are connected with the term AutechnologyAy in the area of language The total published manuscripts for this category are 21 papers.
In addition, to the need for bibliometrics, the contents of the paper relate to different themes as DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
17509/ijost.
p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 541 | Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology.
Volume 8 Issue 3.
December 2023 Hal 539-560 shown in Table 1.
The analysis of this paper used thematic analysis (Clarke et al.
, 2.
where the major themes above are used to search in the published manuscripts of the International Journal of Language Education.
To support the analysis, we used bibliometric analysis, in which detailed information for the bibliometric analysis is explained in previous literature (Al Husaeni & Nandiyanto.
Azizah et al.
, 2.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Concept of CLA Compleat Lextutor Application is an application for multi-purpose vocabulary learning, research, and assessment.
Cobb .
describes it as an online application for teachers, tutors, and researchers.
This means that CLA provides platforms for educators to teach different ranges of lexical items so that learners can understand different categories of words aiming to expand their vocabulary level.
Further.
CLA provides interactive web-design templates for tutors that are particularly designed for self-access learning modes.
In addition.
CLA for researchers provides different ranges of tools and sections, particularly commencing on building simple vocabulary profiles, patterns of words, and frequency of words.
From the reviews, it is obvious that CLA is an interactive design application that helps learners, educators, and researchers in learning, teaching, and researching lexical paradigms including level, frequently used lexical items, specific terminologies, and academic word lists.
Thus, this research on CLA aims to provide evidence of the interactive and applicable tools for lexical learning and development aiming to achieve certain language proficiency in English as the target language and aiming for the ability to grasp the meaning and messages of Concept of Bibliometric Approach An accurate technique for discovering and analyzing huge amounts of scientific data is bibliometric analysis (Donthu et al.
This definition means that bibliometric analysis allows a large amount of data to be categorized, analyzed, and modeled in the form of statistics and a diverse range of bibliometric designs.
The essential part of the bibliometric analysis is that it can be used as an approach to conducting content analysis of large amounts of data.
Specifically, the bibliometric approach is a way to deal with the linking content or lexical linking among large amounts of data.
The lexical linking makes bibliometric resemble compleat lextutor analysis.
Both of these analytical tools connect one another using lexical bonds and connections.
The previous studies on bibliometrics are shown in Table The simple results from our findings using Scopus-based bibliometric using keywords of lexical learning .
ee Figure .
It contains from the Scopus database, 11,467 documents, consisting of Article of 6,996.
Conference paper of 3,401.
Book chapter of 376.
Review of 300.
Conference review of 280.
Book of 60.
Note of 13.
Short survey of 13.
Editorial of 9.
Erratum of 8.
Retracted of 6, and Letter of 5.
Table 1.
Themes appeared for bibliometric analysis.
Themes Multiculturalism and technology Technology and reading Writing and technology Young learners, vocabulary, and technology Technology and assessment Number of manuscripts in total .
1, 2022.
DOI: https://doi.
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The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and A | 542 Table 1 (Continu.
Themes appeared for bibliometric analysis.
Themes Technology and Critical thinking Speaking and technology Language, linguistics, and technology Sum Number of manuscripts in total .
1, 2022.
Table 2.
Previous studies on bibliometric analysis.
Title Ref.
Dental suction aerosol: Bibliometric analysis.
A bibliometric analysis of Covid-19 researches using VOSViewer.
The latest report on the advantages and disadvantages of pure biodiesel (B.
on engine performance: Literature review and bibliometric analysis A bibliometric analysis of management bioenergy research using VOSviewer Oil palm empty fruit bunch waste pretreatment with benzotriazolium-based ionic liquids for cellulose conversion to glucose: Experiments with computational bibliometric analysis Bibliometric analysis of nano metal-organic frameworks synthesis research in medical science using VOSViewer Past, current and future trends of salicylic acid and its derivatives: A bibliometric review of papers from the Scopus database published from 2000 to 2021.
Correlation between process engineering and special needs from bibliometric analysis perspectives.
Bibliometric analysis for understanding the correlation between chemistry and special needs education using VOSviewer indexed by Google.
Computing bibliometric analysis with mapping visualization using VOSviewer on AupharmacyAy and Auspecial needsAy research data in 2017-2021.
Nutritional research mapping for endurance sports: A bibliometric analysis.
Bibliometric and visualized analysis of scientific publications on geotechnics A bibliometric analysis of computational mapping on publishing teaching science engineering using VOSviewer application and correlation.
What is the correlation between chemical engineering and special needs education from the perspective of bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer indexed by Google Scholar? Counselling guidance in science education: Definition, literature review, and bibliometric analysis.
Phytochemical profile and biological activities of ethylacetate extract of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.
) stems: In-vitro and in-silico studies with bibliometric analysis.
A bibliometric analysis of materials research in Indonesian journal using VOSViewer Research trend on the use of mercury in gold mining: Literature review and bibliometric analysis Bibliometric analysis of educational research in 2017 to 2021 using VOSViewer: Google Scholar indexed research.
Ramadahan et al.
Hamidah et al.
Setyo et al.
Soegoto et al.
Mudzakir et al.
Shidiq et al.
Ruzmetov et al.
Nordin .
Bilad .
Sudarjat .
Firdaus .
Mulyawati and Ramadhan .
Nordin .
Wiezal and Putra Solehuddin et al Sahidin et al.
Nandiyanto and Al Husaeni .
Nandiyanto et al.
Al Husaeni et al.
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
17509/ijost.
p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 543 | Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology.
Volume 8 Issue 3.
December 2023 Hal 539-560 Table 2 (Continu.
Previous studies on bibliometric analysis.
Title Ref.
Bibliometric analysis of special needs education keyword using VOSviewer indexed by Google Scholar Sustainable development goals (SDG.
in science education: Definition, literature review, and bibliometric analysis.
Computational bibliometric analysis of research on science and Islam with VOSViewer: Scopus database in 2012 to 2022.
Resin matrix composition on the performance of brake pads made from durian seeds: From computational bibliometric literature analysis to experiment.
Bibliometric Analysis of Briquette Research Trends During the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Computational Bibliometric Analysis on Publication of Techno-Economic Education.
How bibliographic dataset portrays decreasing number of scientific publications from Indonesia Research trends from the Scopus database using keyword water hyacinth and ecosystem: A bibliometric literature review Bibliometric analysis of high school keyword using VOSviewer indexed by google scholar How to calculate bibliometric using VOSviewer with Publish or Perish .
sing Scopus dat.
: Science education keywords Bibliometric analysis for understanding Auscience educationAy for Austudent with special needsAy using VOSViewer Al Husaeni et al.
Maryanti et al.
Al Husaeni and Al Husaeni .
Nandiyanto et al.
Al Husaeni .
Bibliometric analysis of research development in sports science with VOSViewer.
Bibliometric analysis of engineering research using VOSviewer indexed by Google Scholar Bibliometric computational mapping analysis of publications on mechanical engineering education using VOSViewer Introducing ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering: A Bibliometric Analysis Study Introducing ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering Education: A Bibliometric Analysis Study for Understanding Internationalization Exploring Iron Oxide's Role in Hydrogen Production: Bibliographic and Bibliometric Analysis How Technology Can Change Educational Research? Definition.
Factors for Improving Quality of Education and Computational Bibliometric Analysis Is Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Ready for Internationalization? A Bibliometric Analysis in The Science and Technology-Related Publications Social Impact and Internationalization of AuIndonesian Journal of Science and TechnologyAy the Best Journal in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Analysis Mapping of nanotechnology research in animal science: Scientometric analysis Involving particle technology in computational fluid dynamics research: A Bibliometric analysis Strategies in Language Education to Improve Science Student Understanding during Practicum in Laboratory: Review and Computational Bibliometric Analysis How Language and Technology Can Improve Student Learning Quality in Engineering? Definition.
Factors for Enhancing Students Comprehension, and Computational Bibliometric Analysis Ragadhita and Nandiyanto .
Nandiyanto et al.
Nandiyanto et al.
Al Husaeni and Nandiyanto .
Al Husaeni and Al Husaeni .
Nursaniah and Nandiyanrto Al Husaeni .
Nandiyanto and Al Husaeni .
Al Husaeni and Nandiyanto .
Nandiyanto et al.
Al Husaeni et al.
Nandiyanto et al.
Al Husaeni et al.
Nandiyanto et al.
Nandiyanto et al.
Kumar .
Nandiyanto et al.
Fauziah et al.
Al Husaeni et al.
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org/10.
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p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 Abduh et al.
The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and A | 544 Figure 1.
Scopus database results on lexical learning, taken on 18 October 2023.
Application Feature The key features of CLA are reconstructed in Figure 2.
There has been a significant development of this compleat lextutor site since the initial development of this It has transformed and added numerous features that apply to tutors, educators, and researchers.
The construction of CLA is based on the premier sources of compleat lextutor It consists of four main domains:
domain one contains a list of word learning, a group of lexical, hypertext, resources concordance writing, and previous research resources for CLA.
Domain two contains multi-words, a range of words, psycholexical, vocabulary statistics, generic concordance, and vocabulary profile.
Domain three consists of a text tool, coverage calculator, lemmatizer, frequency nuclear, text compare, randomity home, and Domain four contains clickers, flashcards, vocabulary tests, cloze, dictators, and lexical morphology.
Figure 2.
Compleat lextutor entry site, retrieved 22 september 2023: .
ee https://w.
ca/).
DOI: https://doi.
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p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 545 | Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology.
Volume 8 Issue 3.
December 2023 Hal 539-560 The term AutechnologyAy in the International Journal of Language Education The term technology in the International Journal of Language Education published by the Faculty of Languages and Literature.
State University of Makassar has covered different areas of language learning and language education.
It is clearly stated in Table 3.
Table 3.
The term AutechnologyAy in the International Journal of Language Education.
Volume, issue, and Vol.
No.
2, 2018
Vol.
No.
1, 2020
Vol.
No.
1, 2019
Vol.
No.
2, 2019
Vol.
No.
1, 2020
Vol.
No.
1, 2020
Vol.
No.
1, 2020
Vol.
No.
2, 2020
Vol.
No.
2, 2020
Vol.
No.
2, 2020
Vol.
No.
1, 2021
Vol.
No.
1, 2021
Vol.
No.
2, 2021
Vol.
No.
2, 2021
Vol.
No.
3, 2021
Vol.
No.
3, 2021
Vol.
No.
3, 2022
Vol.
No.
3, 2022
Vol.
No.
2, 2023
Vol 7.
No.
Vol.
No.
2, 2023
Title Ref The Impact of Podcasts on EFL StudentsAo Listening Comprehension Gamification-Based Assessment: The Washback Effect of Quizizz on StudentsAo Learning in Higher Education Undergraduate StudentsAo Perceptions Toward Blended Learning Through Instagram in English For Business Class Facebook as a Formal Instructional Environment in Facilitating L2 Writing: Impacts and Challenges EFL Pre-Service TeachersAo Perception toward the Use of Mobile Assisted Language Learning in Teaching English TPACK Model Based Instruction in Teaching Writing: An Analysis on TPACK Literacy Computer-Assisted Language Instruction in South Yemeni Context: A Study of TeachersAo Attitudes.
ICT Uses and Challenges English LecturersAo Experiences on Professional Development in Indonesian Polytechnics English Medium Instruction in Taiwan: From the Perspective of International Students as Thesis Writer Forming Tourism Higher School StudentsAo Readiness for Foreign Language Communication in Ukraine Tertiary level Effects of Teaching Lexical Bundles on EFL StudentsAo Abstract Genre Academic Writing Skills Improvement: Corpus-Based Research Design Examining StudentsAo Challenges in Oracy in Academic Context Classes LearnersAo Perceptions on WhatsApp Integration as a Learning Tool to Develop EFL Spoken Vocabulary A Conceptual Model of Analogue Gamification to Enhance Learners' Motivation and Attitude ESP Material for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries School in Indonesia The Inhibition and Communication Approaches of Local Languages Learning Among Millennials StudentsAo Acceptance of Technology Use in Learning English Pharmacy Digital online Learning by Using Digital Storytelling for PreService Teacher Students Enhancing StudentsAo Learning Outcomes through MALL in English Intensive Program for Railway Mechanical Technology M-Learning in ELT: Avenues and Challenges that Confront Teaching and Learning at Higher Education Grammarly and Grammatical Errors Reduction: A Case for NonNative English TeachersAo Professional Learning Abdulrahman et al.
Pitoyo & Asib .
Sari & Wahyudin Alam & Mizan Nariyati & Pratiwi .
Ammade et al.
Ahmed et al.
Rosmaladewi et al.
Puspitasari et al.
Halytska & Solovei .
Birhan .
Wulandari et al.
Khan et al.
Mee et al.
Tahang et al.
Hidayat et al.
Rosmayanti et al.
Yuliani and Hartanto Pratiwi et al.
Yuliani et al.
Utami and Mahardika .
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
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p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 Abduh et al.
The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and A | 546 The Use of Lextutor to Group Term AuTechnologyAy in International Journal of Language Education.
The use of bibliometric compleat lextutor in analyzing words from a sample of the article that relates to technology .
ee Table The distribution of article one is as stated below in Figure 3.
From the sample above, the compleat lextutor classifies lexical items that are related to academic words and Table 4.
The example of lextutor word analysis.
Framework Vp-Classic Families Types K1 Words .
Function:
Content:
> Anglo-Sax K2 Words .
> Anglo-Sax 1k 2k AWL Words:
> Anglo-Sax Off-List Words:
Tokens .
Percent .
Figure 3.
Data analysis.
DOI: https://doi.
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p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 547 | Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology.
Volume 8 Issue 3.
December 2023 Hal 539-560 Language Education Associated with Multiculturalism Technological Issues The themes of multicultural and technological issues in the current language education journal have been categorized based on the following Table 5.
From the findings, it is clear that language skills, knowledge, and assessment are some of the most important themes that appear from the bibliometric analysis.
Table 5.
Themes and authors list.
Themes and Sub-theme classifications Multicultural language learning and technology Language, linguistics, and technology Language skills, knowledge and Assessment Reading and technology Writing and technology Young learners, vocabulary & technology Speaking and technology Language assessment and Technology and Critical thinking Ref El Khairat .
Sakkir et al.
Mahadini et .
Apriyanti et al.
Wen et al.
Abduh et al.
Djamdjuri et al.
Izzah, .
Abduh et al.
Alkhanani .
Nindya et al.
Abduh et al.
Yulian et .
Pratiwi et al.
Suwastini et al.
Hidayat et al.
Fauzi .
Pamintuan .
Anwar & Mustafa .
Febriani .
Akmaliyah et al.
Jusoh et al.
Rungwaraphong .
Agustine et al.
Rahmat et al.
Sairattanain & Thawarom .
Sunarsi & Munna .
Samad et al.
Dunakhir & Osman .
Abdullah et al.
Mohamed & Halim .
Mardianti et al.
Yang & Mohd .
Sukmawan et al.
Mantasiah et al.
Rehman & Perveen .
Tahang et al.
Yaacob & Lubis .
Pulungan & Hariati .
Khadijah et al.
Abejuela et al.
Muslem et al.
Fitrawati & Safitri .
Arsyad et al.
Najafi et al.
Bram & Angelina .
Nur & Anas .
Mulyaningsih et al.
Diyanti & Madya .
Birhan .
Abduh et .
Basri et al.
Farmasari .
Rosmayanti et al.
Janah & Cahyono .
Al-Husban & Tawalbeh .
Hoinbala .
Dinsa et al.
Dinsa et al.
Abduh et al.
Mahmud et al.
Asfihana et al.
Iskandar et al.
Che Mustaffa & Sailin, .
Delavari Khalifehkari & Pourhosein Gilakjani, .
Ismail et al.
Menggo & Gunas .
Saud et al.
Takarroucht .
Phetsut & Waemusa .
Mukminatun & Utami .
Gebremariam & Gedamu .
Lailiyah & Wediyantoro .
Wahyuni et al.
Harahap & Astrid .
Riwayatiningsih et .
Wulandari et al.
Jabu et al.
Rasman .
Ramadhanti & Yanda .
Abduh et al.
Anwas et al.
Tabatadze .
Jazadi et al.
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The Compleat Lextutor Application Tool for Academic and A | 548 Discussion From the key findings, there are four prominent themes relating to language and technology in language education.
Firstly, the theme of multiculturalism has become one of the dominant categories in the language education journal.
The first reason is that the language education journal accommodates different ideas that are connected with technology and diversifies authors from different geographical backgrounds.
One of the most interesting parts of the multicultural and technological themes is that they come from different institutions across the globe such as El Khairat .
Sakkir et al.
Mahadini et al.
Apriyanti et al.
Wen et al.
, .
The second reason is that multicultural themes appear to be one of the most interesting categories for authors because it covers different ranges of ideas and discourses in the area of language education and technology such as Abduh et al.
Alkhanani .
Nindya et al.
Abduh.
Sakkir et al.
Further reason is that multicultural themes become the iconic perceived ideas of the language editors since the transdisciplinary and multidisciplinary lens of science and technology such as Yulian et al.
Pratiwi et al.
Suwastini et al.
, .
The second group themes that appear to be in common are technology and language skills, knowledge, and assessment such as speaking, reading, writing, and vocabulary.
These themes are important discourses in the area of language education because they are the fundamental aspects of language learning and teaching.
They have become major debates in the current trends of language learning and teaching because they are connected with new interventions, future innovations, and practical applications for The theme of language skills and knowledge concerning technology is an example of the importance of the integration of skills in the current trend of technology including reading such as Rehman & Perveen, .
Tahang et al.
Yaacob & Lubis .
Pulungan & Hariati .
Khadijah et al.
Abejuela et al.
, .
, in speaking such as Hoinbala .
Dinsa et al.
Dinsa et al.
, in vocabulary such as Diyanti & Madya .
Birhan .
Abduh et al.
, and in writing such as Muslem et al.
Fitrawati & Safitri .
Arsyad et al.
Najafi et .
The third group is cognitive and critical This theme is important because language education aims to promote awareness of critical thinking, to practice critical thinking, and to evaluate and assess critical thinking both from learners and Examples of cognitive and critical thinking are in language education such as Lailiyah & Wediyantoro, .
Wahyuni.
Maulina, & Mulia, .
Harahap & Astrid, .
Riwayatiningsih et al.
Wulandari et al.
, .
The last theme relating to technology in language education is language and It is concerned with the use of language and linguistics aspects.
It connects phonological issues, and constraints in language and linguistics.
Many of these areas in language and linguistics seem to be neglected in the discourses of language education such as Agustine et al.
Rahmat et al.
Sairattanain & Thawarom .
Sunarsi & Munna .
There are several implications of these findings such as:
The importance of campaigning the increasing awareness of using technology for language learning and language for Increasing awareness can be done formally and informally depending on the available space and contexts so that educators can understand and increase their awareness and knowledge in the areas of language, technology, and multiculturalism.
A need for teachers and educators who can understand and operate current DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
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p- ISSN 2528-1410 e- ISSN 2527-8045 549 | Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology.
Volume 8 Issue 3.
December 2023 Hal 539-560 technology fluently so that they can use technology effectively, efficiently, and .
The understanding and knowledge of corpus technology such as the Compleat Lextutor Application and Bibliometric Approach are examples of technology that should be recommended for language learners and educators across different levels of education.
CONCLUSION
There are four main topics relating to language and technology in language instruction, according to the key findings First off, the theme of multiculturalism has taken center stage in the Journal of Language Education.
Technology knowledge, and assessments including speaking, reading, writing, and vocabulary appear to be the second group's recurring The third category is critical and cognitive thinking.
Language and linguistics are the final topics involving technology in language teaching.
It is focused on linguistics and the use of words.
Further research is important to be carried out in the future in the area of language education and technology, technology and language learners, and technology for language practitioners.
Besides, empirical research is essential since the result of the study used a published sample that covers only very limited articles and only one journal which is the International Journal of Language Education.
This limitation of the study can open up opportunities for future investigations that combine documentation and empirical evidence that can bolster the current findings and provide holistic perspectives of technology and language ACKNOWLEDGMENT This article was produced during the time of the first author.
Mr Amirullah Abduh, as the visiting researcher at the Research Centre for Language.
Literature, and Community.
BRIN.
We acknowledge the collaborative efforts of the authors in this paper.
AUTHORSAo NOTE The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.
The authors confirmed that the paper was free of plagiarism.
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