JKEP (JURNAL KEPERAWATAN)
Vol 9.
No 2.
November 2024 ISSN: 2354-6042 (Prin.
ISSN: 2354-6050 .
Analysis of Factors That Influence Bullying Behavior in Adolescents in Public Middle School in East Jakarta Region Ade Nuriah Amin.
Yupi Supartini*.
Eviana Sumarti Tambunan.
Titi Sulastri.
Ratna Ningsih.
Dina Carolina Hapsari Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta i.
Indonesia *email: yupisupartinni1409@gmail.
Article history Posted.
Sept 02th, 2024 Reviewed.
Sept 26th, 2024 Received.
Nov 25th, 2024 Copyright A 2024 Authors This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.
International License.
ABSTRACT
Bullying is intentional aggressive behavior by a stronger individual or group of peers against a weaker individual or group of peers, whether physically, verbally, or psychologically.
This behavior occurs repeatedly and has a negative impact on the victim.
The discussion in this research that will be examined are the factors that influence bullying behavior, including: age, gender, parents' educational background, parents' parenting patterns, and peer factors.
This research was conducted to determine the factors that influence bullying behavior among teenagers at State Middle Schools in the East Jakarta Region.
This type of research is quantitative correlation research with a cross sectional approach and the sampling technique in the research was carried out using non-random sampling with a purposive sampling The sample size in this study was 115 respondents and was analyzed using the chi square test for bivariate and univariate analysis.
Based on the results of the analysis, there is a relationship between parental parenting factors and bullying behavior .
, and peer factors .
and bullying behavior.
Based on the research results from the data presentation and discussion as described in the previous chapter, the results of this research explain based on the characteristics of the respondents .
ge, gender, and educational background of parent.
which are of particular concern regarding internal factors that can be formed in the family to pay attention to each age stage of their child's development.
Keywords: Age.
Bullying Behavior.
Gender.
Parental Background.
Parenting Patterns.
Peers ABSTRAK Bullying adalah perilaku agresif yang disengaja oleh individu atau kelompok teman sebaya yang lebih kuat terhadap individu atau kelompok teman sebaya yang lebih lemah, baik secara JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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Perilaku ini terjadi secara berulang-ulang dan berdampak negatif pada korban.
Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini yang akan dikaji adalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku bullying, antara lain: usia, jenis kelamin, latar belakang pendidikan orang tua, pola asuh orang tua, dan faktor teman sebaya.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku bullying pada remaja di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri di Wilayah Jakarta Timur.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan non random sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling.
Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 115 responden dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square untuk analisis bivariat dan Berdasarkan hasil analisis, terdapat hubungan antara faktor pola asuh orang tua dengan perilaku bullying .
value 0,.
, dan faktor teman sebaya .
value 0,.
dengan perilaku bullying.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari penyajian data dan pembahasan seperti yang telah diuraikan pada bab sebelumnya, maka hasil dari penelitian ini dijelaskan berdasarkan karakteristik responden .
sia, jenis kelamin, dan latar belakang pendidikan orang tu.
yang menjadi perhatian khusus mengenai faktor internal yang dapat dibentuk dalam keluarga untuk memperhatikan setiap usia tahap perkembangan anak mereka.
Kata Kunci: Perilaku Bullying.
Usia.
Jenis Kelamin.
Latar Belakang Orang Tua.
Pola Pengasuhan.
Teman Sebaya INTRODUCTION The Bullying is intentional aggressive behavior occurrences at the junior high school level by a stronger individual or group of peers happened in Jakarta .
7%).
Surabaya against a weaker individual or group of .
2%), and Yogyakarta .
8%).
peers, whether physically, verbally, or Currently, there are many acts of violence occurring in schools and this is evidenced repeatedly and has a negative impact on the by the many reports in print and online victim (Pujiharti, 2.
According to media about acts of violence occurring in UNICEF from KPAI, bullying complaints Bullying against teenagers often Protection occurs and is real, but is still often ignored.
Commission (KPAI Team, 2.
totaled especially in developing countries, one of 37,381 between 2011 and 2019.
In 2020.
KPAI recorded more than 500 complaints teenagers has a negative impact on victims regarding violence against children which related to emotional, physical and social included various forms of bullying.
Of this health status (Kamas & Wijayanti, 2.
This Indonesian Child Indonesia.
Bullying number, the majority are cases of bullying at school, with children being victims of physical and psychological violence.
Based on research conducted in 2020 with the Indonesia-National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS), it was reported that as many as 34.
9% of teenagers showed JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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The cause is anxiety, role of peers in doing negative things still which is a mental disorder that accounts for exists, but there are some children who want 7% and is commonly experienced among to follow group rules.
This study also teenagers aged 10-17 years in Indonesia.
This phenomenon is caused by risk factors characteristics, male respondents with the for adolescent mental disorders such as highest percentage of bullying incidents bullying that occurs at school and education, were 45 children .
4%) and the number of relationships with peers and family, as well as adverse childhood experiences such as .
6%).
This is because men have a high giving unconstructive punishment such as tendency to bully, the perception is that excessive physical punishment and using boys doing bullying is revenge because they rude, so that teenagers will grow up were previously treated the same way.
to develop a sense of not respecting each other (Wilopo, 2.
Another factor related to bullying incidents is the educational background of parents.
According to (Syukri, 2.
research on the Research conducted at Nagari Tanjung Sani factors that influence the occurrence of Middle School in 2023 reported data for the bullying at school, which was conducted at highest level of parental education, the most SMP 19 in Jambi City, 14.
3% of teenagers dominant being high school level at had democratic parenting patterns, 18.
9%), then junior high school level at had authoritarian parenting patterns, and .
7%), then elementary school and 3% had permissive parenting styles.
university level.
both are .
7%).
Parental According to this investigation, there is a education influences children's growth and link between parental styles and bullying development because parents' educational behavior in adolescents.
According to backgrounds form their thinking when Widodo et al.
, .
, factors that influence educating and leading their children.
the occurrence of bullying in the school Education also influences parents' parenting environment exist.
The study was done at SD Panggung 4.
Tegal City.
It was reported Based on the description above, it that there was a relationship between peers is known that there are many factors that and bullying incidents in children, which influence the incidence of bullying in showed that 36 children .
5%) were in the The increasing number of low category and 41 children .
2%) were bullying each year makes researchers want in the medium category.
This shows that the to conduct research " Analysis of Factors JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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based on age, gender, parental educational background, parenting patterns, and peers METHOD This research is a quantitative study that describes analytical descriptive methods using a cross-sectional approach, where data measurements or observations are which influence bullying behavior in The .
ependent variabl.
in this study is bullying behavior in adolescents.
carried out simultaneously during data This was done to analyze the questionnaire was utilized.
Questionnaires factors that influence bullying behavior in are used to assess numerous aspects, teenagers by collecting data without any including parenting style and bullying The collected data was then The population in this study were analyzed using the Chi Square test to teenagers aged 12-15 years at SMP Negeri 234 East Jakarta.
The number of samples variables and the Logistic Regression test to used was 115 respondents.
identify the most essential parts.
The In this study, the sampling technique used in the research to be carried out is non-random a purposive sampling technique, using non-random purposive sampling to focus more on the samples taken, namely by selecting samples by the researcher based on the characteristics and traits of the population that have been determined by the researcher in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, where these criteria determine whether or not the sample can be used, which will be questionnaires employed in this study were evaluated for validity and reliability, and they were all confirmed to be valid.
This study passed an ethical review.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Univariate Analysis Description of the Demographic Characteristics Adolescent Respondents The characteristics of adolescents in this study were age, gender and parental JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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1 Distribution of Data on Demographic Characteristics of Respondents in State Middle Schools in the East Jakarta Region .
Variable Age Gender Parental O 14 years old > 14 years old Male Female Higher Education Secondary Education Primary Education .
(%) Based on the table above, it is known that their parents.
Most of them had a secondary the majority of teenage respondents are education level, namely 77 respondents aged O 14 years, namely 87 teenagers .
0%).
7%), the gender of the majority of respondents is male, namely 59 teenagers .
3%), the educational background of Description of Bullying Behavior in Adolescents Table 1.
2 Distribution of Bullying Behavior Descriptions among Adolescents in State Middle Schools in the East Jakarta Region .
Variable Perpetrator Victim .
(%) Never do Ever do Never do Ever do The table above shows the distribution of with the results of research by Pratiwi et al.
data regarding bullying incidents.
The .
which states that teenagers can act majority were victims who had experienced out two behaviors, namely perpetrators and bullying behavior, namely 50 respondents victims of bullying.
Bullying behavior .
5%), while the perpetrators who had allows teenagers to have a dual role, namely experienced bullying incidents were 15 as perpetrator and victim.
Teenagers who respondents .
6%).
This is in accordance JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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They carry out to Parada .
This analysis also uses bullying with the aim of revenge, the desire the chi-square test to assess the relationship to be praised by friends, and to express between factors that influence bullying pleasure such as being able to control an area that they think they can.
respected by .
dolescent other groups.
educational background, parenting style factors, and peer factor.
bullying behavior Bivariate Analysis in adolescents.
The peer variable was Bivariate data analysis for further analysis dichotomized, because in the chi-square of perpetrators and victims of bullying is test there were 20% cells with an expected value <5.
Table 1.
3 Distribution of Data on the Relationship of Factors that Influence Bullying Behavior among Adolescents in State Middle Schools in the East Jakarta Region .
p value OR .
% CI) 0,120 0,862 0,286 0,014 0,006 0,312 .
,134 Ae 0,.
Bullying Behavior Never do Ever do O 14 years old > 14 years old Gender Male Female Higher Education Secondary Education Primary Education Parental Pattern Democratic Permissive Authoritarian Peers Good Influence Bad Influence Variable Total Age Parental Education JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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Because bullying behavior in teenagers teenage boys naturally have an aggressive The results of the analysis of the nature compared to teenage girls, this has relationship between adolescent age and the an influence because teenage boys tend to incidence of bullying behavior show a p- do physical activity so their behavior is value of 0.
120 (> = 0.
, which means aggressive compared to teenage girls who that Ha is rejected and H0 is accepted.
The rarely do physical activity (Luthfiani results of this analysis show that there is no Saputri, 2.
significant relationship between adolescent Relationship age and the incidence of bullying behavior educational background and bullying in adolescents.
This is in line with what is behavior in adolescents said according to research by Samarinda et The results of the analysis of the , .
that teenagers aged 12-15 years relationship between parental background are considered to be teenagers who are still factors and the incidence of bullying very unstable and have many problems behavior in adolescents show data with a because of the desire to try to rebel, significance value or p-value of 0.
286 (>
resulting in high levels of bullying = 0.
, which means that Ha is rejected and H0 is accepted.
It can be concluded that The Relationship between Gender there is no significant relationship between and Bullying Behavior in Adolescents parental education and the incidence of The results of the analysis of the bullying behavior in adolescents.
This is in relationship between gender factors and the line with previous research which states incidence of bullying behavior show a p- that highly educated parents will have value of 0.
862 (> = 0.
, which means wider access and opportunities to study or that Ha is rejected and H0 is accepted.
The find out about children's bullying behavior results of this analysis show that there is no and its effects on children's development, significant relationship between gender and therefore parents are said to be the the incidence of bullying behavior in foundation of all knowledge or modeling.
This is in line with previous for children in overcoming bullying research that the majority of incidents were male, namely 67 respondents .
5%) male involvement also illustrates that parents teenagers tended to carry out bullying acts have a broad understanding and view of Apart JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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Authoritarian of bullying behavior or not (Diannita et al.
parenting is applied by parents who do not recognize compromise and communication is always one-way.
Parents tend to force.
Relationship styles and bullying behavior in order and punish if children do not obey their orders.
An authoritarian parenting style that makes it mandatory for children The results of the analysis of the relationship between parenting patterns and the incidence of bullying behavior showed that p-value = 0.
014, because p-value = 014 (< = 0.
so it means that H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted.
It can be seen that there is a significant relationship between parental parenting patterns and the incidence of bullying behavior among teenagers in State Middle Schools in the East Jakarta Region.
The results of this to follow all the rules, this gives the impression that parents rarely show a warm attitude towards their children and tend to be cold in responding to their children's emotional needs.
Parents who apply this type of parenting feel that children do not have the right to voice their own decisions, do not involve children in making decisions on the grounds that parents understand better and know what is best for their children (Ahyani & Astuti, 2.
research are in line with (Syukri, 2.
which found that there was a relationship between parenting styles and bullying behavior in teenagers at SMP Negeri 19 Jambi city p-value < 0.
05 which explains that the parenting patterns implemented by parents will influence bullying behavior in teenagers, where the better the parenting pattern that is implemented and the method and the goals of the parenting match are in including bullying behavior, will be minimized by teenagers.
Peer Relationship Bullying Behavior in Adolescents The results of the analysis of the relationship between peers and bullying incidents showed that the p-value = 0.
because the p-value = 0.
006 (< = 0.
means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is a significant relationship between peer behavior and incidents of bullying behavior in East Jakarta Regional Public Middle Schools.
With an OR value of 0.
312, it shows that peers with good influence have a 0.
JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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This excessive conducted at SMP Negeri 5 Samarinda that intensity of communication between a peer group or peer group is a relationship peers is what allows bullying behavior to that has an important role in adolescent emerge due to the influence of their development, namely social development.
Apart from that, there is a desire cognitive development and adolescent to be recognized by other members of behavior, therefore peers can influence their peer group so that they are adolescents because in part When teenagers considered to have full power over their spend a lot of time with friends, bullying group so that they are feared by other behavior generally occurs due to the environment (Sari & Budiman, 2.
Parental parenting style factors will Authoritarian parenting patterns applied CONCLUSION by parents who do not recognize Based on the results of the research that has compromise, communication that tends been carried out and described in the to be one-way, and scolding children when they make mistakes will increase conclusions have been drawn:
the risk of children being involved in The results of this study explain that based on the characteristics of the .
ge, educational background of parent.
special attention is paid to the internal factors that can be formed in the family bullying behavior.
Parenting patterns that always differentiate their children within the family will also trigger feelings of envy that cause children to want to vent their anger at their friends at school.
so that attention is given to each stage of ACKNOWLEGDEMENT their child's developmental age, whether On this occasion the author would like to they are perpetrators or victims of thank the lecturers, colleagues and all related parties who have helped in the vulnerable to bad behavior.
Then the peer factor as a cause of bullying also has an influential role, because teenagers spend most of their process of carrying out research and writing this journal.
JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata.
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REFERENCES