JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
No.
December 2023, pp.
JAPANEDU:
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang http://ejournal.
edu/index.
php/japanedu/index Morphological Analysis of Compound Form (Fukugoudoush.
Verb Ageru in Japanese Annisa Febriliani.
Ely Triasih Rahayu.
Dian Bayu Firmansyah Faculty of Humanity.
Jenderal Soedirman University.
Purwokerto.
Indonesia annisafbrln@gmail.
com , ely.
triasihrahayu@unsoed.
id, dbayuf@unsoed.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the formation and meaning of fukugoudoushi or compound verb formed from the Verb ageru.
This study is a qualitative descriptive research.
The total of 35 data is in the form of sentences in data sources taken from the 2021 edition of the NHK Japan articles.
The data collection method is the note-taking method.
Data analysis uses the distributional method with advanced techniques for direct elements, namely by dividing the fukugoudoushi forming elements into front and back elements.
Furthermore, it explains the characteristics of the front elements based on the theory of Kindaichi .
which divides doushi into 4 groups, namely joutaidoushi, keizokudoushi, shunkandoushi, and daiyonshu-doushi.
The results showed that out of 35 data analyzed there were front elements of fukugoudoushi ageru in the form of tadoushikeizokudoushi .
, tadoushi-shunkandoushi .
, jidoushi-keizokudoushi .
, jidoushi-shunkandoushi .
, and futsuumeishi .
The meanings resulting from the formation of fukugoudoushi ageru include showing direction, showing improvement, showing high value, expressing self-demeaning, and ending an activity.
KEYWORDS
Compound Verb.
Formation pattern.
Fukugoudoushi.
Japanese linguistics.
Morphology.
First received: 13 January 2023
ARTICLE INFO
Revised: 25 May 2023 Final proof accepted: 15 December 2023 Available online: 25 December 2023 Indonesia is ranked 2nd after China in the highest number of Japanese language learners in the world with 709,479 learners in 2,879 Japanese language Japanese is one of the languages that has the most learning institutions.
speakers in the world with more than 125 million Each language has a part of speech that groups native Japanese speakers (Ethnologue SIL according to their own rules.
Japanese has a International, 2.
According to the results of a different grouping of parts of speech from survey by The Japan Foundation, in 2015 as many The class division of words in as 137 countries held Japanese language learning Japanese hinshi bunrui (Sudjianto, 2.
in their countries, while in 2018 142 countries held Vocabulary Japanese is quite numerous and In other words, the number of Japanese understanding for language learners is increasing year by year.
foreign language learners to learn it (Istiqomah, 124 | P a g e
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INTRODUCTION
JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
No.
December 2023, pp.
Based on its grammatical characteristics, vocabulary in Japanese is classified into 10 groups, that is doushi .
, keiyoushi .
, keiyoudoushi .
djective-n.
, meishi .
, fukushi .
, .
, .
, kandoushi .
, jodoushi .
uxiliary ver.
, and joushi .
(Sudjianto.
Both in Japanese and other languages of the world, verbs are the most frequently used group of words because their use is always related with all activities in everyday life.
Sudjianto .
explains that doushi are used to express the activity, existence, and state of things.
Doushi can stand alone as a sentence, become a predicate, and has In addition, doushi can also be combined with other parts of speech, such as keiyoushi, meishi, or with other doushi that will form a compound word .
If doushi is combined with another word and forms a new verb, in Japanese the combined word is called fukugoudoushi .
ompound ver.
(Terada in Sudjianto, 2.
The compound word .
is a combination of lexeme which forms a word.
The combined lexeme has a special phonological, grammatical, and semantic pattern according to the rules of the language in question (Kridalaksana, 1.
Compound words called fukugougo in Japanese, which is a word formed from the result of combining two or more words.
Fukugougo is divided into four types, that is fukugoudoushi .
ompound ver.
, fukugoumeishi .
ompound nou.
, fukugoukeiyoushi .
ompound adjectiv.
, and fukugoufukushi .
ompound adver.
Fukugoudoushi is formed from 2 free morphemes consisting of the front element and the back element.
The back element of fukugoudoushi has seven functions, namely showing aspects, showing directions, showing the process of deeds, showing changes in relationships with objects, strengthening meanings, showing the results of deeds, and showing the relationship between verbs that show the results of deeds (Hayashi, 1.
Fukugoudoushi is often used in everyday speech, television broadcasts, newspapers, magazines, articles, scientific works, and signs posted in public One example is fukugoudoushi which formed from the verb ageru AUOAeCUAs(Tanaka.
The types and functions of fukugoudoushi in Japanese are diverse, and many studies regarding fukugoudoushi have been carried out by previous Various kinds of analysis that have been carried out are the study of fukugoudoushi meaning in general (Sunarti et al, 2.
, as well as the use of fukugoudoushi te iru (Kartika, 2.
, fukugoudoushi komu (Perdanansyah, 2.
, fukugoudoushi koeru and sugiru (Sholiha.
Risda, & Juangsih, 2.
, fukugoudoushi kaesu (Rosliana and Lailatussoimah, 2.
, fukugoudoushi dasu (Yanil.
Aibonotika, & Isnaini, 2018.
Anggawana.
Suartini, & Adnyani, 2.
, fukugoudoushi nuku (Suprayogi, et al, 2.
, and fukugoudoushi owaru (Mulya, 2.
As for research that discusses aspects of fukugoudoushi kiru, nuku, and toosu (Dipraja.
Artana, & Budiana, 2.
and research on the conceptual meaning of the verb deru (Kurniawan, 2.
have also been carried out.
However, the above research on fukugoudoushi is largely focused only on the archetype of its formation and meaning alone.
While this research also focuses on the verb characteristics of the fukugoudoushi forming element ageru seen from the point of view of aspects as well as the point of view of objects, this research also focused on fukugoudoushi ageru from morphological and semantic points of views which is still rarely The merging of two or more verbs that cause a specific change in meaning as well as the many uses of fukugoudoushi which have the back element of the verb ageru can cause difficulties in translating into Indonesian.
For example, in the word kiriageru AUONCOOAeCUAs which lexically consists of kiru which means Aoto cutAo and ageru which means Aoto raiseAo then an ambiguous meaning will be created, that Aocutting and raising somethingAo.
However, the true meaning of kiriageru is grammatically closing, shortening, or finishing Translation errors in the example above can occur, therefore detailed research is needed so that Japanese language learners avoid mistakes in understanding words and their meanings.
Based on the problems, the researcher intends to further research fukugoudoushi formed from the Verb ageru in Japanese.
RESEARCH METHODS
This research is a qualitative descriptive research using a morphological approach and semantic It describes the verb characteristics of the forming elements and meanings elicited by fukugoudoushi formed from the verb ageru from 125 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 Annisa Febriliani.
Ely Triasih Rahayu.
Dian Bayu Firmansyah.
Morphological Analysis of Compound Form (Fukugoudoush.
Verb Ageru in Japanese the sentences obtained in the data source.
The data are taken from the 2021 edition of the NHK Japan online article.
Data collection in this study uses the observation method, which is a data collection method carried out by observing the use of the language under study.
After that, it is continued with the note-taking technique which is an advanced technique of the basic technique in the form of a tapping technique.
The note-taking technique is carried out by recording the results of the observation from data sources in the form of data or information relevant to the research (Mahsun, 2.
This technique is used because the source of the data is in the form of written sentences contained in a document in the form of an article.
The sentences in Japanese that have been collected are checked using dictionaries and validators to ensure that the translation of data into Indonesian is ensured to be appropriate.
The data source used for this study is in the form of online articles published in the 2021 edition of NHK Japan online article.
NHK Japan is a broadcast media that presents news from Japan.
Asia, and even the whole world in Japanese.
Not only can it be accessed by Japanese citizens, but this online article is also often accessed by readers around the world.
Both just to read the news and to learn Japanese through the sentences in the Many sentences are also found that contain fukugoudosuhi ageru, so to make it easier for readers to understand the exact meaning in the sentence, more research is needed on fukugoudosuhi ageru.
Data processing in this study uses the distributional method, which is a data analysis method with a determining instrument in the form of parts or elements of the language concerned itself (Sudaryanto, 1.
Data analysis techniques use dividing elements, that is, techniques that divide a construction over the elements that make up that construction.
The data is processed by dividing the fukugoudoushi ageru forming element into front element and back element to find out the verb characteristics that can be followed by the verb ageru.
Then look for the basic meaning of each constituent element, followed by analyzing the new meaning formed from the merger of the The last step is to draw conclusions from the data that has been analyzed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The analysis was carried out by grouping data into verb groups based on verb classification by Kindaichi .
, creating categories of meanings, charting patterns of formation, describing the shape, changes, and characteristics of words followed by the verb ageru, as well as the basic meaning of each forming element and meaning generated by the incorporation of verbs in the analyzed data.
The Formation of Tadoushi (Transitive Ver.
Ageru as Fukugodoushi Fukugoudoushi which has the preposition element of the verb tadoushi is formed by verbs undergoing renyoukei conjugation, that is, the change from the dictionary form to the form masu.
So that the front element is divided into two morphemes, that is morphemes that have lexical meanings .
oot word.
and morphemes that have grammatical meanings .
uxiliary verbs ) (Niimi .
Yamaura , & Utsuno , 1987 ).
Morphemes denoting auxiliary verbs are omitted and the root word of the obverse verb of the masu form is attached by the verb ageru .
Figure 1 shows the formation of Fukugoudoushi Ageru.
onju of the masu .
Fukugou ageru Note :
Removed Figure 1: Formation of Fukugoudoushi Ageru (Verb Ager.
Fukugoudoushi ageru can be formed with verb formation patterns .
ageru with front element characteristics in the form of keizokudoushi .
ontinuity verb.
and shunkandoushi .
unctual 126 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
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December 2023, pp.
Formation of Tadoushi (Transitive Ver.
Ae Keizokudoushi (Continuity Ver.
Fukugoudoushi ageru formed with the formation pattern of tadoushi .
ageru forms several meanings as follows.
Showing Direction Data that have a meaning of showing direction .
is as seen in example .
AiCOaeAiaUCeOyaIAanCOOAeAaE uaEAAUAACCAuAoAAsAeasACOiA ayuAuIAACOaC Sarani, kono mondai o anpori de toriageta Ubei kakkoku ni tsuite Autotemo hazubeki kotodaAy to kurikaeshi nobe, hinan no ssh to narimashita.
AoIn addition, he repeatedly stated that it was Auvery shamefulAy about Western countries raising this issue in the Security Council, and instead became an exchange of criticism.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article November 12, 2.
anCOOAeA .
anCOOAeCU .
anCO .
OAeCU .
anCOAAo .
anCU .
Fukugoudoushi anCOOAeCU AotoriageruAo is formed from the verb toru as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from an aspect point of view, the verb toru attached to the verb ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which in its use requires an object.
The object in this sentence is the kono mondai Aothis issueAo.
The incorporation of the verbs toru meaning Aoto takeAo.
Aoto grabAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo in this sentence contains the meaning of AoraisingAo, and the meaning can be described as Aoraising the problem for discussionAo.
Fukugoudoushi toriageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Showing Improvement Data that have a meaning of showing improvement .
eading to a better thin.
is as seen in example .
ACCAAuuaoAAOUiUAACCAAuAaCOAy AAUAUaCOAyAAUAUCUaAuAUaiCe ACCUauAsaCAyCUCeAsOAeCUa aCECeAyCaCUAAyAACeAAoAC Demo.
Nihon ni wa sudeni teshigoto, monodzukuri no dents ga aru chshskigs ga takusan aru tte kidzukimashita.
Sore o migaki agereba, kachi wa chanto tsutawaru to omotta ndesu.
AoHowever.
I realized that there are many small and medium-sized businesses in Japan that already have a tradition of handicrafts and manufacturing.
I think if I fix it, the value will be delivered correctly.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 22, 2.
AsOAeCUA .
AsOAeCU.
As .
OAeCU .
AsAAo .
Aa .
Fukugoudoushi As O Ae CU AomigakiageruAo is formed from the verb migaku as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from the aspect point of view, the verb migaku attached to the verb ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
verb which requires an object.
The object in this sentence is sore Aoit .
eferring to having a tradition of handicraft and manufacturin.
Ao.
In this sentence, the verb migaku meaning Aoto polishAo.
Aoto fixAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo, and Aoto increaseAo in this sentence forms the meaning of Ao(If I) fixAo.
In this context the fukugoudoushi migakiageru means Aoif the effort is improved it will be betterAo which is attached to the basic meaning of each constituent element.
Showing High Value Data that have the meaning to show high value .
f a quantitativ.
is as seen in example .
uCeCaUOOUaCeAoCEaUoA AACeACOOAeAuCeuaEAA aEAACNAIAUAC Ssba o yomu no ga jszudatta n janakute, neratta kabu no kakaku o tsuriagete ssba o tsukutte ita node wanaideshou ka.
AoI thought I was not good at reading market prices, but I raised the price of the stock I was aiming for to create a market price.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article April 9, 2.
127 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 Annisa Febriliani.
Ely Triasih Rahayu.
Dian Bayu Firmansyah.
Morphological Analysis of Compound Form (Fukugoudoush.
Verb Ageru in Japanese ACOOAeA .
ACOOAeCU .
ACO .
OAeCU .
ACOAAo .
ACU .
Fukugoudoushi ACOOAeCU AotsuriageruAo is formed from the verb tsuru as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
The hiku verb attached to the verb ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which in its use requires an object.
The object in this sentence is kabu no kakaku Aostock priceAo.
The combination of the verbs tsuru meaning Aoto hangAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo.
Aoto elevateAo in this sentence forms the meaning of AoraiseAo which contextually means Aohanging something at a higher level .
Ao.
Fukugoudoushi tsuriageru is still attached to the basic meaning of each constituent elements.
Expressing Self-demeaning Data that have a meaning to expressing selfdemeaning is as seen in example .
ACACAC iaaINAAUOOAEnECEAUy EAoiaCOCOaEuAoaOAE cAUCaCUAAUaCOCOAAoa nAIAUAuCeoEaiCUCUaUIUAUo iaECUauaEAUCOAOUOAECei AOAeCUAsaEAAoAC Kishida ssri daijin wa Aukonpan no Burajiru no hokuts-bu de hassei shita kszui ni yori, kakuchi de sku no tstoi inochi ga ushinawa re, kaoku nado no higai ni yori, sku no katagata ga hinan o yoginaku sa reru nado no jitai ga hassei shite iru to no hs ni sesshi, kokoro kara o-mimai o msshiageruAy to shite Ao.
Prime Minister Kishida said.
AuThe floods in the northeastern part of Brazil have taken a heavy toll in various places, and the damage to houses has resulted in many people being We would like to express our deepest condolences for the news.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 28, 2.
iAOAeCU .
iAOAeCU .
iA .
OAeCU .
iAo .
Fukugoudoushi i A O Ae CU AomsshiageruAo is formed from the verb mssu as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
The verb mssu attached to the verb ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which requires an object.
The object in this sentence is o-mimai AocondolencesAo.
The merger of the verb mssu meaning Aoto sayAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo briefly means AoexpressingAo.
The verb ageru can mean Aodoing something realAo in its use for some specific conditions.
As in this sentence the context meaning is Aosaying .
ssuing a statemen.
regarding the thing that needs to be expressedAo.
In the sentence, the new meaning formed indicates an activity carried out to express condolences against something that has happened .
sing polite languag.
and still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Ending an Activity Data that has the meaning of the ending of an activity as seen in example .
AeAuCeuAsOAeaUAACOAeAACAiCeAC Kono kai o kakiageta no ga, yo ko mizo Kunihikosan.
AoKunihiko Yokomizo wrote this episode.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article October 12, 2.
uAsOAeA .
uAsOAeCU.
uAsCO .
OAeCU .
uAsAAo .
uAa .
Fukugoudoushi uAsOAeCU AokakiageruAo .
is formed from the verb kaku as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from itsAo aspect, the verb kaku attached to ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which use requires an object.
The object in this sentence is the kono kai Aothis episodeAo.
The combination of the verb kaku meaning Aoto writeAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo briefly has the meaning of Ao.
writtenAo.
The verb ageru in the sentence no longer attaches the basic meaning of AoraisingAo, but has a new meaning of Aodoing an activity until finishedAo.
Based on the meaning of each constituent element, the meaning formed was Aohave written to completionAo, it means that the activity of writing the story has been carried out from beginning to end 128 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
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by the target as has been planned, which is the completion of one episode of the story.
It is known that in fukugoudoushi kakiageru is still attached to the basic meaning of its front element, but it is no longer attached to the basic meaning of the back element so it formed a new meaning.
Formation of Tadoushi (Transitive Ver.
Ae Shunkandoushi (Punctual Ver.
Fukugoudoushi ageru formed with the formation pattern of tadoushi .
ageru constructs several meanings as follows.
1 oCneaCECeuEaCEECAu usiouAACeAACAOAeCUeAEa AEaeaEAIeAAeAIaEaC Ichi jikan hodo no intaby no naka de.
Amerika no nihonjin horyo-tachi o matomeageru rdA to natte itta koto ni tsuite sakamaki wa ks katatte imashita.
AoIn an hour-long interview.
Sakamaki said that he became a leader in uniting Japanese prisoners of war in the United States.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 8, 2.
AACAOAeCU .
AACAOAe.
Showing Direction AACA .
OAeCU .
Data that have a meaning of showing direction .
are analyzed as follows.
AUAeCUAAUAEOAeCOCUAAeAAUAACei AniUAOAcAAEAsACCAAOiAiCeAC AoKore made hiroiagerarete konakatta koe o seiji no sekai ni todoketaiAo tomo hanashita Imai-san.
AoMr.
Imai also said.
AoI want to bring voices that have not been raised to politics.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article November 10, 2.
UAEOAeCOCU .
UAEOAeCU.
UAE .
OAeCU .
UAEAAo .
UAI .
Fukugoudoushi UAEOAeCU AohiroiageruAo is formed from the verb hirou as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
From itsAo aspect, the verb hirou attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which in its use requires an The object in this sentence is koe AovoiceAo.
The merging of the verb hirou meaning Aoto pick upAo.
Aoto findAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo.
Aoto increaseAo briefly contains the meaning of AoraisedAo, and the contextual meaning is Aosomething taken from the bottom towards the topAo.
Fukugoudoushi hiroiageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Showing Improvement Data that have a meaning of showing improvement .
eading to a better thin.
is as seen in example .
AACao .
AACACU .
Fukugoudoushi A A CA O Ae CU AomatomeageruAo is formed from the verb matomeru as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from itsAo aspect, the verb matomeru attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which in its use requires an object.
The object in this sentence is nihonjin horyo-tachi AoJapanese prisoner of warAo.
The combination of verb matomeru which means Aoto summarizeAo.
Aoto collectAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo.
Aoto increaseAo in this sentence construct the meaning of AounitingAo or Aocollecting separate things into oneAo.
The verb ageru also means AoimproveAo and indicates that an activity carried out is towards a better level.
Fukugoudoushi matomeageru is still attached to the basic meaning of each constituent element.
Showing High Value Data that have the meaning of showing high value .
is as seen in example .
AUcEcEOAsAAEAIOUiaUCUci CeaeoAoCUAOcACCUAUayAaOACCu
unAsOAAUCOaCeAEOAeAAIAO
AyOUnauAyuOCe 3490 iOiA
AAEanCUIAAUACCOAAsAiAUIAA
ACUAC
AoSukuzuautoAo to iu shuhs de, nokoru shss kabunushi o haijo suru sentakushi moaruga,-so no baai demo kuni igai no taihan no kabunushi kara kabushiki o kaiageta ue de hi jsjs-ka shi,-koku no hoy kabu o 3490 oku-en shiharatte kaitoru hitsuys ga ari, kyogaku no hiys ga hitsuys to naru.
129 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 Annisa Febriliani.
Ely Triasih Rahayu.
Dian Bayu Firmansyah.
Morphological Analysis of Compound Form (Fukugoudoush.
Verb Ageru in Japanese AoThere is also an option to eliminate the remaining minority shareholders by a method called Ausqueeze-outAy, but even in that case, after buying the shares of most of the unregistered overseas shareholders, it is necessary to pay 349 billion yen to buy the shares owned by the state, and it costs a lot of Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 15, 2.
AEOAeA .
AEOAeCU .
AE .
OAeCU .
AEAAo .
AI .
Fukugoudoushi AEOAeCU AokaiageruAo is formed from the verb kau as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from itsAo aspect, the verb hiku attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which use requires an object.
The object in this sentence is kabushiki AosharesAo.
The combination of the verbs kau meaning Aoto buyAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo.
Aoto increaseAo in this sentence contains the meaning of Ao.
boughtAo or Aohave bought something in order to obtain a higher valueAo which means that the purchase of AosharesAo is expected to provide .
better results than It can be known that fukugoudoushi kaiageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Ending an Activity Data that has the meaning of the ending of an activity is seen in example .
EauAUyCaCOAAEAEAoaUaOoAUia CeAiAONCOOAeCUAeACCACaC Ito ga tsutawaranai to kanjita no ka, saibankan ga shitsumon o toch de kiriageru koto mo atta.
AoJudges sometimes end questions halfway through, perhaps because they feel their purpose is not being conveyed.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article September 16, 2.
ONCOOAeCU .
ONCOOAeCU .
ONCO .
OAeCU .
ONCOAAo .
ONCU .
Fukugoudoushi ONCOOAeCU AokiriageruAo is formed from the verb kiru as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from an aspect point of view, the verb kiru attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of tadoushi .
which use requires an The object in this sentence is the shitsumon AoquestionAo.
So to adjust the context of the sentence based on the object, the combination of the verb kiru which means Aoto cutAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo, briefly has the meaning of Aoto endAo.
The basic meaning of the verb kiru AocutAo is not completely lost, in the context of this sentence it can be interpreted as Aocutting timeAo.
In addition, the verb ageru which means Aoto raiseAo has a new meaning of Aodoing an activity to completionAo.
The context meaning in this sentence is Aoto take action .
ut tim.
in order for an activity to endAo, meaning that the activity being carried out is stopped before the specified time with a certain intention that the activity will end immediately.
It is known that fukugoudoushi kiriageru is still attached to the basic meaning of its front element, but it is no longer attached to the basic meaning of the back element of its formation and constructs a new meaning.
The Formation of Jidoushi (Intransitive Ver.
Ageru as Fukugodoushi The fukugoudoushi formation using jidoushi (Intransitive ver.
is the same as the formation of tadoushi as the front element.
Fukugoudoushi ageru can be formed with .
ageru with the characteristics of the front elements in the form of keizokudoushi .
ontinuity verb.
and shunkandoushi .
unctual verbs ) (Hayashi , 1990 ).
It is further described as follows.
Formation of Jidoushi (Intransitive Ver.
Ae Keizokudoushi (Continuity Ver.
Fukugoudoushi ageru formed with the formation pattern of jidoushi .
ageru constructs several meanings as follows.
Showing Direction Data that have a meaning of showing direction .
are analyzed as the following example .
uUCEAIAEaUoAECEAu auCUAAuAAeaIAAoCUouAA ECECeOAIaeAEoIoCeaoAsO AeCUoaoAC 130 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
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December 2023, pp.
Chika mizu ya asai umi no kaisui ga kson no maguma ni chokusetsu furete kygeki ni suijski ni natte bschs suru sai, maguma o konagona ni shite, kuroi funAoen o hageshiku fukiageru funkadesu.
AoWhen groundwater or seawater in the shallow sea comes into direct contact with hot magma and then turns into water vapor and evaporates, it destroys the magma and spouts dense black smoke.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 16, 2.
oAsOAeCU .
oAsOAeCU .
oAs .
OAeCU.
Hakodate-shi shusshin no puroresurA.
Katsuo-san wa 5-nen mae.
Dsnan chihs o kyoten to suru puroresu dantai AuDsnan ringuAy o tachi AoKatsuo, a professional wrestler from Hakodate, founded AuDonan RingAy, a professional wrestling organization based in the Southern Hokkaido region, five years Ao (NHK Japan Online Article June 1, 2.
UAOAeA .
UAOAeCU.
UA .
oAsAAo .
Uao .
oAa .
Fukugoudoushi oAsOAeCU AofukiageruAo is formed from the verb fuku as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
From itsAo aspect, the verb fuku attached to the verb ageru is a keizokudoushi .
ontinuity ver.
in the form of jidoushi .
which in its use does not require an The combination of the verb fuku meaning Aoto spoutAo.
Aoto emitAo, and ageru Aoto raiseAo briefly contains the meaning of Aoto spoutAo.
While the context meaning in the sentenceis Aospouting something from the bottom towards the topAo which forms a new meaning that requires the object to be subjected to action by the subject.
The object in this sentence is kuroi funAoen Aoblack smokeAo.
Nevertheless, it can be understood that fukugoudoushi fukiageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each constituent Formation of Jidoushi (Intransitive Ver.
Ae Shunkandoushi (Punctual Ver.
Fukugoudoushi ageru formed with the formation pattern of jidoushi .
ageru shows several meanings as follows.
Showing Improvement Data that have a meaning of showing improvement .
eading to a better thin.
are analyzed as the following example .
NCNAeCEEAACEECAiCeA 5 OsaesunCeUCAAoCUeCueAUAes EECAsCeUAOAeaC OAeCU .
UA .
Fukugoudoushi UAOAeCU AotachiageruAo is formed from the verb tatsu as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
When viewed from the aspect point of view, verb tatsu attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of a jidoushi .
The combination of verb tatsu meaning Aoto standAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo in this sentence briefly implies Ao.
foundedAo.
But to reinforce the meaning in the context of the sentence, the verb tachiageru which shows an act that begins for a specific purpose means Aoestablishing something that did not previously exist into existenceAo, thus making a new meaning that requires an object to be subjected to action by the subject.
The object in this sentence is Donan Ring AoDonan Ring .
he name of a professional wrestling organizatio.
Ao.
Fukugoudoushi tachiageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Ending an Activity Data that have the meaning of the ending activity are analyzed in the following example .
oOuoAUCOCCOuAUsAOIaEAUNcoCe aAcAAEEcEOAoAACOOAeaC Kaikeikensain kara mo kska ga jbundenai to shiteki o uke, purojekuto wa anshs ni AoThe project was stalled after it was declared by the Audit Board that the effect was Ao (NHK Japan Online Article December 16, 2.
131 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 Annisa Febriliani.
Ely Triasih Rahayu.
Dian Bayu Firmansyah.
Morphological Analysis of Compound Form (Fukugoudoush.
Verb Ageru in Japanese COOAeA .
COOAeCU .
CO .
OAeCU .
COAAo .
CU .
Fukugoudoushi COOAeCU AonoriageruAo is formed from the verb noru as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
From itsAo aspect, the verb noru attached to the verb ageru is a shunkandoushi .
unctual ver.
in the form of jidoushi .
which its use does not require an object.
The combination of the verb noru meaning Aoto get onAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo briefly has the meaning of Ao.
stalledAo.
The basic meaning of the verb noru is completely lost when combined with the verb ageru into a fukugoudoushi .
ompound ver.
In addition, the verb ageru is no longer attached to the meaning of Aoto raiseAo but has a new meaning of Aodoing the completionAo.
Furthermore, fukugoudoushi noriageru can mean AofailAo, but to reinforce the meaning in the context of the sentence, the corresponding meaning is Aostalled .
ead en.
Ao which means Aoan activity with a force to stop being carried outAo.
Fukugoudoushi noriageru is no longer attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements and makes a new different meaning.
The Formation of Noun Ageru as Fukugodoshi If fukugoudoushi ageru has a front element of the noun, then the noun is not conjugated, so the fukugoudoushi formed by the noun is directly attached by the verb ageru as its back element ( Hayashi, 1.
as shown in Figure 2.
Fukugoudoushi ageru Figure 2: Formation of Fukugoudoushi Ageru (Noun Ager.
Fukugoudoushi ageru formed with the pattern of formation of noun ageru makes to several meanings as follows.
Showing High Value Data that have the meaning of showing high value .
f a quantitativ.
are analyzed as the following example .
AeAIAAnCeACeasoiAiCeAOAe CUA.
AauA 3.
4 EOEAC
Ksshita taisaku o erande, tanjun ni sji o tashi ageru to.
kekka wa 3.
4-Ton.
AoIf you choose these measures and simply add up the numbers.
the yield was 3.
4 tonnes.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article September 7, 2.
AOAeCU .
AOAeCU.
A .
OAeCU .
Fukugoudoushi AOAeCU AotashiageruAo is formed from the noun tashi as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
The front element tashi is a type of noun so it does not belong to the verb that can be deciphered based on the point of view of the aspect.
The merger of the noun tashi meaning Aotop upAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo, and Aoto increaseAo briefly has the meaning of Aosumming upAo.
To adjust the meaning to the context of the sentence, tashiageru shows the deeds performed for a specific purpose and if spelled out would be to Aomake something a higher valueAo thus giving rise to a new meaning that requires the object to be subjected to action by the subject.
The object in this sentence is sji AonumberAo.
It can be known that fukugoudoushi tashiageru in this sentence is still attached to the basic meaning of each of its constituent elements.
Ending an Activity Data that has the meaning of the ending activity are as in the following example .
AAUCOAANOIAnaAuAoAAuIEAnAEou AEouCeiOCUAAEAIAAIAUAEAEAAEAIOnAi CUaEAAEAAoAC Dakara, jibun wa kanAoyo sezu, hensh-bu no kata de kyakuhon-ka to kyakuhon o shiageru to iu hs ga to iu handan sa reta to kiite imasu.
AoTherefore, without me getting involved.
I heard that the editorial department decided that it would be better to finish the script with the scriptwriter.
Ao (NHK Japan Online Article October 12, 2.
132 | P a g e e- ISSN 2528-5548 | p-ISSN 27764478 JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol.
No.
December 2023, pp.
iOAeCU .
iOAeCU .
OAeCU .
Fukugoudoushi i O Ae CU AoshiageruAo is formed from the noun shi as the front element and the verb ageru as the back element.
The front element shi is a type of noun so it does not belong to the verb that can be deciphered based on the point of view of the The merger of the noun shi meaning AoworkAo and ageru Aoto raiseAo briefly means AofinishAo.
The verb ageru which means Aoto raiseAo or Aoto increase Ao (Matsumura , 2.
has a new meaning of Aodoing an activity until finished Ao.
To adjust the meaning to the context of the sentence , shiageru indicates an action that is done for a specific purpose and if described will be Aodoing an activity to completionAo, meaning that the activity ( wor.
has been carried out from beginning to end .
ompletion ) by the planned target , that is the completion of the manuscript by the scriptwriter .
Thus , it gives a new meaning that requires the object to be subjected to action by the subject ( Mulya , 2020 ).
The object in this sentence is the kyakuhon Aoscript Ao.
It can be understood that in fukugoudoushi shiageru is still attached to the basic meaning of its front element , but it is no longer attached to the basic meaning of the back element of its formation to make a new meaning.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the analysis and discussion of the formation structure and meaning of fukugoudoushi formed by the verb ageru in the previous analysis, it can be concluded that fukugoudoushi ageru contain front elements in the form of verbs .
adoushi and jidoush.
with characteristics of continuity verbs .
and punctual verbs .
, as well as front elements in the form of nouns .
Fukugoudoushi ageru which has the preposition element of the verb undergoes a renyoukei .
, that is a change from the dictionary form into the form masu before being followed by the verb ageru.
Since the noun is not conjugated, fukugoudoushi ageru which has the front element of the nomina will be directly attached by the verb ageru as the back element.
The verb ageru when functioning as a single verb means to raise, to increase, and to elevate.
When combined with other verbs to form fukugoudoushi ageru, it will have several meanings that are affected by the meaning of the forming elements, that is showing direction, showing improvement, showing high values, expressing self-demeaning, and ending an activity.
REFERENCES