Nursing Journal Volume 10. Issue 2. Page 208Ae 214 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 https://ejurnal. id/index. php/JKep DOI: https://doi. org/10. 32668/jkep. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE INCIDENCE OF POSTPARTUM BLUES IN CIPAYUNG DISTRICT, EAST JAKARTA Deswani Abstract Andi Sari Bunga Untung* The postpartum period is a critical phase for mothers, during which the emergence of postpartum blues can significantly affect emotional stability and maternal mental health. Alongside traditional information sources, social media has become an increasingly popular platform for parenting However, its role in influencing maternal psychological wellbeing remains unclear, particularly within community healthcare settings such as Puskesmas Cipayung in East Jakarta. This study aimed to examine the Association between the use of social media as a source of parenting information and the incidence of postpartum blues among mothers attending Community Health Center. Cipayung District. East Jakarta. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed involving 63 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling between March and May 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing social media use for parenting information and EDPS assessing postpartum blues Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the association between variables. Results: The findings revealed a significant relationship between the use of social media as a parenting information source and the incidence of postpartum blues . = 0. 001, < 0. Mothers who frequently accessed social media for parenting guidance 33 more likely to experience mild to moderate postpartum blues. Conclusioin: The study highlights that social media use for parenting information is significantly associated with the occurrence of postpartum ThFindings underscore the importance of integrating digital literacy and psychosocial support into nursing care to promote maternal mental wellbeing during the postpartum period. Sri Djuwitaningasih Yuli Mulyanti Syafdewiyani Cherli Desi apriyani Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jakarta i. Bekasi. West Java. Indonesia *email: desika_64@yahoo. Keywords: Parenting Information Postpartum Blues Social Media Received: October 2025 Accepted: October 2025 Published: November 2025 A year The Authors. Published by Published Jurusan Keperawatan. Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jakarta i. This is Open Access article under the CC-BY-SA License . ttp://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-sa/4. 0/). DOI: https://doi. org/10. 32668/jkep. if not properly managed, may lead to a more serious INTRODUCTION Parenthood is one of the most profound and transformative life transitions, requiring considerable especially for women entering the new phase of All through this period, usually mothers face multiple adjustments, ranging from hormonal fluctuations and role changes to increase caregiving responsibilities and shifts in identity and interpersonal While many mothers adapt effectively to these changes, others experience emotional challenges that can manifest as mood instability, irritability, anxiety, or fatigue. These early emotional disturbances, condition such as postpartum depression 1. One of the most common psychological disorders occurring in the postpartum period is postpartum blues, often referred to as baby blues. This condition is generally characterized by feelings of sadness, tearfulness, irritability, emotional lability, and decreased concentration during the first few days after childbirth. Although usually self-limiting, postpartum blues may increase the risk of postpartum depression if they persist Globally, postpartum blues affects to mothers, depending on socioeconomic, cultural, and support factors. In Asia, the prevalence tends to be higher due to sociocultural JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata. Vol 10 Issue 2. November 2025. Page 208-214 expectations of motherhood and limited mental health e-ISSN: 2354-6050 Jakarta actively use the internet to access social media, awareness In Indonesia, recent studies report that 37Ae reflecting a very high level of digital engagement among 67% of postpartum women experience symptoms This digital habit presents both opportunities consistent with postpartum blues, influenced by and risks: while social media can provide emotional maternal age, education level, parity, and family support and practical knowledge, it can also generate 2,3,4 unrealistic expectations, negative self-evaluation, and According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics upward social comparison, which may increase stress (BPS), the number of births in Cipayung District. East and vulnerability to postpartum blues1,8. Jakarta, reached 3,071 cases, indicating a substantial From a population of postpartum mothers who require ongoing psychosocial effects of social media use during the support from primary health services, such as postpartum period is critical. Nurses are frontline nursing perspective, understanding the Puskesmas . Within this community setting, nurses play professionals who provide holistic care encompassing an essential role in identifying, preventing, and both physical recovery and psychological adaptation. managing psychological changes in postpartum women Identifying how online information exposure interacts through health education, early screening, and family with maternal emotional well-being enables nurses to design digital-based education, promote mental health The risk factors contribute to postpartum blues are literacy, and develop support systems that mitigate multifactorial, encompassing biological, psychological, emotional distress. Integrating these digital insights into and social dimensions. Research by Aryani et al. maternal and child health programs at community healthcare centers can enhance the effectiveness of maternal age, type of labor, education level, delivery postpartum care, especially in urban communities with complications, and family support with the incidence of high digital penetration, such as in East Jakarta. postpartum blue3. Likewise. Qonita et al. reported that Therefore, this study aims to examine the association social support from a spouse had the strongest protective between the use of social media as a source of parenting effect, highlighting the importance of interpersonal and education and the incidence of postpartum blues among environmental factors . More recently. Ramadhanty and mothers in Cipayung District. East Jakarta. The findings Surjaningrum found that social comparisonAia process are expected to contribute evidence-based insights for often triggered by exposure to social mediaAicorrelates nursing practice in promoting maternal mental health, as with depressive symptoms among postpartum mothers . well as provide recommendations for developing This finding suggests that the digital environment may interventions that integrate psychosocial and digital act as an additional psychosocial risk factor for maternal health perspectives in postpartum care. emotional instability. The advancement of information and communication METHODS technology (ICT) has revolutionized how mothers seek Design and share parenting information. Social media platforms This study employed a quantitative correlational design such as Instagram. Facebook. YouTube, and WhatsApp with a cross-sectional approach to examine the have become dominant spaces where mothers connect, association between the use of social media as a source exchange experiences, and access parenting advice . of parenting education and the incidence of postpartum According to BPS, approximately 93. 75% of women of blues among mothers at the Cipayung District. East reproductive age in DKI Jakarta and 88. 48% in East Jakarta. JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata. Vol 10 Issue 2. November 2025. Page 208-214 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 Sample and Setting translated and validated into Bahasa Indoesia by The population consisted of all postpartum mothers researchers such as Indah S. Hutauruk . The residing in the working area of Puskesmas Cipayung, instrumen consist of 10 items rated on a nominal scale. East Jakarta. The sample size is calculated using Higher scores indicated greater emotional instability. software of Sample size Determination in Health Reliability test for media usage obtained a Cronbach's Studies. A total of 63 postpartum mothers who met the alpha value of 0. Post partum blues occurs if the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive result >=13, while No post partum blues if the score <13. sampling between March and May 2024. Data Collection The inclusion criteria were: . postpartum mothers Data were collected using primary data through self- between 10Ae14 days after delivery, . residing in the administered questionnaires filled out directly by Cipayung area, and . using social media platforms respondents at the Puskesmas (Community Health such as YouTube. Instagram. Facebook, or WhatsApp Centr. when they do babyAos monitoring. Respondents as sources of parenting information. who met the inclusion criteria were first informed about Variables the purpose and procedure of the research. Written Independent Variable: Use of social media as a source informed consent was obtained before participation. of parenting education. After completion, all questionnaires were retrieved by Dependent Variable: Incidence of postpartum blues. the researcher for data verification. All the activities conducted in certain room to avoid noise and any Instruments Instrument validity test was conducted on 30 Data Analysis respondents outside the research location with a table Univariate Analysis: Used to describe respondentsAo value . 3610 and df=28. demographic characteristics and the distribution of Demographic Questionnaire: research variables . ocial media use and postpartum The instrument collected respondentsAo demographic data, including age, education level, occupation, and Bivariate Analysis: Conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the relationship between the use of social media as a parenting information source and the Social Media Parenting Information Questionnaire: incidence of postpartum blues. A p-value < 0. 05 was A structured questionnaire developed by the researchers considered statistically significant. to measure the frequency, purpose, and type of social media platforms used by mothers to obtain parenting Ethical Consideration The questionnare consists of 18 items with Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Guttman scale apply. Reliability test for media usage Health Research Ethics Committee of Poltekkes obtained a Cronbach's alpha value of 0. Active Kemenkes Jakarta i, with approval number No. using social media if the score >=mean/ media. Less LB. 02/F. XIX. 21/3762/2024. active using media social if the score 35 Low Education (ElementaryMiddle Schoo. Higher Education (High School Colag. Employed Not working . Primiparous Multiparous Normal Pervaginal Caesarean Section Intagram Facebook Youtube Whatsapp Less active MotherAos age Education Work Parity Type of Labor Social media Used Using Social Media as a Source of Parenting Information Frequency . fatigue and trigger postpartum blues14. Parity was evenly distributed, with slightly more primiparous mothers . 8%). First-time mothers often which is consistent with research indicating that longer recovery time and surgical discomfort are associated with higher stress and emotional disturbance post- face higher emotional tension and self-doubt due to inexperience, increasing susceptibility to postpartum mood disorders11,15. Regarding the type of delivery, most respondents . 9%) underwent cesarean section. In terms of social media preferences. Facebook . and Instagram . 3%) were the most used platforms for parenting information. This reflects the dominance of social networking applications in Indonesia as key sources of maternal guidance, emotional sharing, and peer comparison6,16. Table 2. The Association Between the Use of Social Postpartum Blues Active Postpartum Blues No Postpartum Blues Media as Parenting Information and the Incidence of Postpartum Blues . = . Using Social Media As Parenting Information Less Active in Using Social Media As Parenting Actively Using Social Media As Parenting Total The results indicate that the majority of postpartum mothers were aged 20Ae35 years . 3%), a range psychological stability. Mothers within this age group are less likely to experience postpartum complications and emotional instability compared to those under 20 or over 35 years old9,10. However, several studies have shown that younger mothers (<20 year. tend to be more Postpartum Blues Postpartum No Total Blues Postpartum Blues 7,333 . ,278- 0,001 23,. vulnerable to postpartum blues due to limited emotional maturity and coping capacity11,12. The Chi-square test revealed a significant relationship Most mothers . 6%) had higher education levels, between the use of social media as a source of parenting which theoretically increases awareness of health information and the incidence of postpartum blues . = information but may also heighten the risk of role 001 < 0. Furthermore, value of OR shows that JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata. Vol 10 Issue 2. November 2025. Page 208-214 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 mothers who actively used social media were 7. 33 times nurses to adopt a more comprehensive and preventive more likely to experience postpartum blues compared to approach to postpartum mental health care. those who were less active users. First, nurses should play an active role in digital health This finding supports previous studies by Ramadhanty education by guiding postpartum mothers to access and Surjaningrum and Zhou et al. which identified that credible online information and avoid misinformation or frequent exposure to idealized depictions of motherhood on social mediaAiespecially platforms emphasizing promotion activities at Posyandu or Puskesmas, nurses visual aesthetics like InstagramAican trigger upward can integrate digital literacy modules that help mothers social comparison, leading to self-doubt and increased recognize reliable sources, manage screen time, and emotional distress. Although social media may offer critically evaluate parenting content on platforms such informational benefits, unfiltered exposure to unrealistic as Instagram or Facebook. This approach aligns with the parenting portrayals often undermines self-confidence national digital transformation strategy in health and satisfaction among new mothers 8,17 Through On the other hand, limited or controlled use of social Second, community and maternity nurses should media allows mothers to focus more on interpersonal strengthen psychosocial support systems by identifying and offline support, which plays a crucial role in mothers at risk of postpartum bluesAiespecially mitigating emotional fluctuations after childbirth2,18. Therefore, excessive social media engagement without showing signs of social withdrawal or excessive online proper digital literacy can act as a double-edged Nurses can collaborate with healthcare swordAiproviding professionals, psychologists, and family members to cesarean-section simultaneously increasing emotional vulnerability. conduct early screenings and home visits that focus on These findings underscore the importance of nursing emotional well-being. interventions that incorporate digital health education. Third, enabling mothers to critically evaluate online parenting incorporate digital-era competencies in maternal mental content, maintain realistic expectations, and strengthen health care. Developing evidence-based counseling their social support systems. Nurses and midwives at the tools that integrate traditional health education with community health level (Puskesma. should integrate digital monitoring . WhatsApp follow-ups or online discussions about safe social media use into postpartum peer-support group. can enhance the accessibility and education programs to promote maternal emotional continuity of postpartum care13. resilience and prevent the escalation of postpartum blues Lastly, policy-level integration is needed to ensure that 13,15 maternal mental health programs at the community level address both offline and online influences. The inclusion IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE of Ausafe digital parenting educationAy in national The findings of this study provide important insights for maternalAechild health guidelines will help prevent emotional distress among new mothers while promoting community health nursing, regarding the psychosocial healthier digital engagement patterns. challenges faced by postpartum mothers in the digital Overall, this study highlights the pivotal role nurses play The significant relationship between social media as educators, counselors, and digital health facilitators use and postpartum blues emphasizes the need for Empowering mothers with balanced information. JKEP (Jurnal Keperawata. Vol 10 Issue 2. November 2025. Page 208-214 e-ISSN: 2354-6050 emotional coping strategies, and responsible social initiative to enhance maternal and child health outcomes media use can significantly reduce the incidence of in Indonesia through applied research and innovation in postpartum blues and enhance overall family well- nursing practice. The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon CONCLUSION reasonable request. All data were collected and stored This study reveals a significant correlation between confidentially, in accordance with the ethical guidelines active social media use as a source of parenting approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of information and the incidence of postpartum blues Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta i (Approval No. among mothers at Community Health Centre. Cipayung LB. 02/F. XIX. 21/3762/2. District in East Jakarta. While social media offers REFERENCES unmoderated exposure can increase the emotional burden through comparison and misinformation. Zhou. Liu. , & Wang. Association Therefore, postpartum mothers should be encouraged to between social networking site use and antenatal critically filter online information and balance digital depression: A mediated model of upward social use with direct social interaction and rest. Health comparison and rumination. Journal of Medical professionals, especially nurses, have a pivotal role in Internet guiding mothers toward healthy digital behavior and https://doi. org/10. 2196/41793 providing emotional support to reduce the risk of Research, 25. Puspitasari. Susanti. , & Putri. postpartum psychological disturbances. Determinant analysis of baby blues syndrome in Furthermore, future research is needed to validate and Indonesia. Link Journal of Health Science, 1. , 7Ae expand upon these findings, especially interventional and longitudinal studies. http://journal. id/index. php/LJMH/article/ ACKNOWLEDGMENT