ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
TEKNOSAINS: Jurnal Sains.
Teknologi dan Informatika Vol.
No.
1, 2025, page.
http://jurnal.
id/index.
php/tekno DOI: 10.
The workload analysis for the mackarel cracker industry's workers uses the full-time equivalents method Cut Ita Erliana*.
Subhan A.
Gani.
Amri.
Faisal Akbar *Industrial Engineering Department.
Faculty of Engineering.
Universitas Malikussaleh.
Indonesia, 24311 Jalan Batam No.
1 Lhokseumawe.
Aceh.
Indonesia * cutitha@unimal.
Submitted: 21/06/2024 Revised: 31/07/2024 Accepted: 06/08/2024 ABSTRACT Kerupuk Ikan Tenggiri Cap Kuda Laut is one of the fish-based cracker industries.
The industry is located at Pangkalan Brandan.
North Sumatra.
Indonesia.
The fish-based cracker industry employs 15 workers and six workstations, which include fish processing stations, fish grinding stations, kneading stations, printing stations, frying stations, and packing stations.
According to the observations, there is an unequal division of workers, which can result in an inappropriate workload for the worker.
This study aims to analyze workers' workloads as a basis for determining the optimal number of workers.
The full-time equivalent (FTE) method simplifies the measurement of work by aligning the number of people required to complete a specific job with the hours of The study's findings revealed that one worker at the grinding stations had an overload, three workers in fish processing, two workers in kneading, and three workers in frying and printing had normal workloads.
Also at the packaging station, there are 3 workers with an underload.
Keywords: Workload.
full-time equivalent.
the optimal number of workers.
INTRODUCTION
Ergonomics is a scientific discipline that focuses on the study of individuals and their working environments, with the primary objective of enhancing efficiency .
Ergonomics is closely linked to industry .
The industry should apply the principle of ergonomics in running its production processes.
Industry plays an important role in the economy and progress of a country because of its ability to produce tradable products and create jobs .
We need to develop industry in a balanced manner, involving society in the best use of all available natural and human resources .
The evolution of technology has led to the emergence of numerous industries in Indonesia, including the fish-based cracker industry .
The fish-based cracker industry is widespread in different regions of Indonesia, especially in the countryside.
It uses raw materials such as various types of flour and other supplementary materials .
However, most of the fish-based cracker industry is still a household business and a small industry .
The process of making crackers is very simple and easy to do.
Both modern and traditional equipment are suitable for this Households and small businesses play an important role in the fish-based cracker industry.
Kuda Laut is one of the fish-based cracker industries.
The industry is in Pangkalan Brandan.
North Sumatra.
Indonesia.
This industry was established in 2010.
This industry operates with working hours of about 7 hours a day, starting from 08.
00 to 12.
00 PM and continuing again from 13.
30 to 17.
00 PM.
The industry employs 15 workers and operates six workstations, which include fish processing stations .
hich clean fish by cleaning seals and fish dirt, removing fish dust, and separating meat from ski.
, fish grinding stations, dew printing stations, frying stations, and packing stations.
Based on the results of the observations, it was found that there is a lack of workload disbursement in the fish-based TEKNOSAINS: Jurnal Sains.
Teknologi dan Informatika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.
0 International License.
ISSN 2087-3336
(Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
DOI 10.
37373/tekno.
cracker industry, where there are workers who catch jobs and there are unemployed employees.
The interviews with the workers reveal that the number of employed workers does not match the amount of work they receive, resulting in overworked workers.
Therefore, it is essential to conduct a workload calculation to determine the optimal number of workers.
This study aims to analyze the workload of workers as a basis for determining the optimum number of workers.
Workers who have workloads that align with their abilities will be more productive at work, leading to an increase in productivity, and this research directly contributes to this goal.
METHOD
This type of research is quantitative and descriptive.
We collect the necessary data by observing the production process, conducting interviews with the owner and 15 workers, and collecting and studying relevant workload-related literature.
The stage of the study is as follows Calculate cycle time, normal time and standard time Normal time = cycle time x .
erformance rating/.
Standard time = normal time/.
-allowanc.
Creating periodical tables Calculates total activity time Total activity time = main activity time time activity .
Specify allowance Calculate total available time Total available time = working hours a day x number of effective days per year Calculating full time equivalent values Full time equivalent = (Total activity time allowanc.
/ total available time
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Number of workers and working hours: This industry employs 15 workers in the production section with six working days.
in one day, they work for 7.
5 hours.
The number of working days:
Numbers of working days at the fish-based cracker industry Cap Kuda Laut can be seen in Table 1.
Working Days 1 month 1 year Days off National Day Sunday Sick leave Annual leave Numbers of days of Effective working days Table 1.
Number of working days Amount Unit Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Days Works elements: The number of working days at the fish-based cracker industry Cap Kuda Laut can be seen in Table 2.
Workstation Fish processing Fish grinding Kneading Cracker printing Frying Table 2.
Work elements Description of Activities Cleaning seals Cleaning fish dirt Removing fish dust Separating meat from skin Grinding fish meat Mix the flour and fish meat.
Stir all the ingredients until well-mixed.
Printing knead cracker Frying cracker Draining cracker Cut Ita Erliana.
Subhan.
Amri.
Faisal Akbar The workload analysis for the mackarel cracker industry's workers uses the full-time equivalents method Workstation Packing Description of Activities Putting crackers into packaging According to Table 2, there are 11 work elements in the mackerel fish cracker production process.
Figure 1 shows work elements from the workstation.
Figure 1.
Work elements from the workstation.
Calculate working time The standard working hours for workers are calculated using both normal time and allowance.
Table 3 displays the standard time for six workstations.
Workstation Fish processing Fish grinding Kneading Cracker printing Frying Packing Table 3.
Working time Normal Time Allowance .
Standard Time .
Calculating a full-time equivalent value Before calculating the full-time equivalent value, first determine the total activity value, allowance, and total available time to obtain the FTE index value.
We create a periodic job table to convert the total activity time into effective working time for a year.
We convert the time units by multiplying the daily period by 289 working days per year, the monthly period by 12 months per year, and the weekly period by 48 weeks per year.
Based on the periodical job in fish processing, the total main workload is 472226 minutes, the supporting workload is 180 minutes, and the incidental workload is 60 minutes.
Table 4 gives an example of a periodic job in fish processing.
Calculates total activity time Total activity time = main activity time time activity = 472.
226 180 60 = 472.
466 minutes Specify allowance Allowance time = .
umbers of working day.
orking hour.
= 14% x 289 x 450 = 18.
207 minutes Calculate the total available time Total available time = working hours a day x number of effective days per year = 450 x 289 = 130.
050 minutes Calculating full-time equivalent values Full time equivalent = (Total activity time allowanc.
/total available time = .
/130.
050 = 3,773
ISSN 2087-3336 (Prin.
| 2721-4729 (Onlin.
DOI 10.
37373/tekno.
Each activity in its specified period, then categorized as whether it includes the main activity, supporting or incidental, is calculated so that the value of its workload is obtained.
Table 4 presents the calculations in table form.
Table 4.
Periodical job at the fish processing Cleaning tools Briefing Meeting Daily Monthly Yearly Incidental Support Daily Daily Worke Main Preparation Fish processing Duration .
Conversion Workload Period Incidental Activity Main Support related to the 8,12 Total workload Determining the optimal number of workers The calculations show that one worker at the fish grinding is experiencing overload, while three workers in fish processing, two workers in kneading, three workers in printing, and three workers in frying have a normal workload.
At the packing station, there are workers with a value of FTE 2,55.
With 3 workers, the worker has an underload.
An excessive workload can quickly fatigue a worker, while a lesser workload can lead to a lack of exhaustion, resulting in a high rate of unemployment.
The computation of the FTE value yields an optimal worker count of 15.
When we disaggregate the workload at each workstation, we find that the optimal number of workers is 3 for fish processing, 2 for fish mowing, 2 for discharging, 3 for printing, 3 for frying, and 5 for packing.
Table 5 illustrates the optimal number of workers in Kuda Laut fish-based cracker industries Table 5.
Determining the optimal number of workers Workstation Workload Number of Workers (Actua.
Fish processing Fish grinding Kneading Cracker printing Frying Packing 3,77 2,02 2,53 3,63 3,55 2,55 Number of Workers (Recommendatio.
According to the calculations in Table 5, it is evident that there is a deficiency of workers at the fish grinding workstation.
Therefore, we should hire an additional worker.
At the packing workstation, one man was overworked.
CONCLUSION
The production part of the fish-based cracker industry analyzes the workload using the full-time equivalent method, identifying the following roles: a worker for fish processing, which includes the normal workload category.
a worker for fish grinding, which includes the overload working load a worker for grinding, which includes the normal working load category.
a worker for printing, which includes the standard workload class.
a worker for freezing, which includes the normal working load category.
and a worker for packaging, which includes the underload category.
The production section of the fish-based cracker industry optimally employs three workers for fish processing, two for fish grinding, two for grilling, three for printing, three for frying, and two for ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Cut Ita Erliana.
Subhan.
Amri.
Faisal Akbar The workload analysis for the mackarel cracker industry's workers uses the full-time equivalents method We are grateful to the industry Kerupuk Cap Kuda Laut for allowing us to do this research.
We are also grateful to all parties who have helped with this research
REFERENCE