MANGANITE .
E-ISSN 2964-4046x
MANGANITE
Journal of Chemistry and Education https://jurnal.
id/index.
php/manganite EFECTIVENESS OF ZEOLITE AND ACTIVATED CHARCOAL SYNERGY AS LOUSE REPELLENT MATERIAL IN HAT Agus Darwanto1 .
Natalia Nada Maharani2.
Tyas Nur Priyani3 1International Open University.
Gambia 2Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo.
Indonesia 3Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Indonesia Accepted: 23 Maret 2023.
Approved: 2 July 2023.
Published: 2 July 2023.
https://doi.
org/10.
58330/manganite.
ABSTRACT
Head louse are a classic problem that greatly concerns the public as they suck blood in the area around the head and cause itching.
This research aims to create a hat that can reduce the number of head louse.
The research method used a quantitative method.
Data collection was conducted using an anti-louse activity test using goat legs with head louse placed on them and an efficacy test involving respondents who had louse problems with a prevalence Data analysis used comparative descriptive analysis and linear regression with SPSS.
The results of antilouse activity test using prevalence method showed that the repellent power of zeolite and activated charcoal was The correlation value was 80.
9% with an influence level of 65.
The F value > df, indicating that the hypothesis was accepted.
The results of the ANOVA test showed a significance of 0.
015, meaning that there was a significant effect of zeolite and activated charcoal in reducing the number of louse.
Manganite | Journal of Chemistry and Education Kata Kunci: Activated Charcoal.
Hair.
Hat.
Louse.
Zeolite INTRODUCTION Louse infestation is a classic problem that causes a lot of discomfort to people as louse suck blood in the scalp area, causing itching.
According to Na'imah .
, this itching sensation is actually an allergic reaction to the saliva of the louse.
Prolonged itching, as stated by Kusumasari .
, can potentially cause irritation on the scalp and even secondary infection by bacteria.
This louse infestation is often referred to as pediculosis.
According to Mayasin & Norsiah .
, pediculosis is a scalp infection caused by Pediculus humanus var.
capitis, resulting in itching and irritation on the Generally, it is caused by personal hygiene factors.
People usually manually handle louse infestation by using a fine-tooth comb.
However, according to Kusumawardhani et al.
, the use of a fine-tooth comb is still not more effective than the use of permethrin in terms of healing parameters, but the use of a fine-tooth comb has been proven effective in reducing the level of louse infestation.
There are several louse medications According to Hardiyanti et al.
permethrin causes resistance problems that occur at high concentrations in areas that have previously experienced resistance to DDT or Another synthetic substance is lindane, which is available in shampoo form.
However, this substance is slower in killing louse and has side effects in the form of central nervous system disorders.
Another substance is carbaryl, which is a cholinesterase inhibitor available in lotion and shampoo forms.
However, this product is more toxic and carcinogenic in patients, even though it is not Correspondance Address E-mail: adarwanto@gmail.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.
International License A Agus Darwanto et al.
very effective in killing louse.
In addition to carbaryl, malathion is a cholinesterase inhibitor commonly used to treat louse.
All of these chemical medications have dangerous side effects on the body and have the potential to pollute the environment.
Therefore, despite the danger of louse infestation, the use of synthetic louse medication is also very dangerous when used.
Hence, many studies are being conducted to develop natural However, according to Sulaiman & Pratiwi .
, the effectiveness of natural pediculicides against head louse is still considered insufficient to be used due to factors that may cause louse to reinfest as before.
Thus, it is necessary to conduct research on the use of other effective ingredients to repel louse without causing side effects.
LITERATURE REVIEW
One of the potential natural materials that can be used as a louse repellent is activated According to Lempang .
, activated charcoal has good adsorption properties for anions, cations, and molecules in the form of organic or inorganic compounds such as liquids and gases.
Activated charcoal can be used to absorb toxins, heavy metals, gas emissions, and reduce microbial biomass.
According to Dewi et al.
, activated charcoal has hygroscopic properties, allowing it to absorb large amounts of water vapor.
Another abundant material in Indonesia is zeolite.
According to Kusdarto .
, zeolite has several physical and chemical properties as an adsorbent, ion exchanger, molecule filter, and Zeolite, according to Hasibuan and Marbun .
, has good adsorption properties for water vapor in the air.
Even Jaeni et al.
have created a drying device for food and medicinal plant products using zeolite.
The combination of activated charcoal and zeolite has the potential to be used as a repellent for louse.
When applied to a hat by placing a bag of activated charcoal and zeolite inside, it will cause a decrease in the moisture levels of the hair and scalp.
According to Analdi & Santoso .
, louse can only survive by feeding on human blood sucked through the scalp, warmth, and humidity from the human Louse, according to Tria et al.
prefer to thrive on dirty, moist, infrequently washed, and infrequently combed hair.
However, this activity does not harm the scalp and hair, as the scalp will always moisturize itself by producing oil.
The role of zeolite and activated charcoal is to reduce the moisture levels, as excessive oil production on the scalp, according to Saraswati and Putriana .
, can METHOD The research was conducted from April to September 2022 in Sampang District.
Cilacap Regency, which included the making of hats, zeolite and activated charcoal pouches, sideeffect testing using test animals in the form of cats, simulation testing using thick-furred goat leg sections, and efficacy testing involving several respondents who had louse infestations using prevalence methods.
Data collection included observing changes in cat behavior in the side-effect test, louse behavior on goat hair treated with zeolite, activated charcoal, and a combination of zeolite and activated charcoal, as well as louse repellent testing by counting the number of louse remaining on the scalp after respondents used hats equipped with zeolite and activated charcoal pouches.
Data analysis used descriptive analysis and Anova analysis with simple linear regression.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The application of zeolite and activated charcoal on hats is done by placing a pocket inside the top part of the hat.
When the zeolite and activated charcoal powder that has been packaged in a pouch is used to repel louse, the pouch can simply be inserted into the pocket inside the hat.
When it is deemed sufficient, it can be removed from the pocket inside the hat.
Therefore, if the hat is wet or being washed, the color of the activated charcoal will not stain the Subsequently, conducted using test animals in the form of cats.
The hat was specially designed so that it could be worn on the cat's head.
After about 4 hours of use, the cat's behavior was observed.
Table 1.
Product Safety Test Parameter Test Results Cat Behavior Cat Fur Condition Cat Health Condition Manganite | Journal of Chemistry and Education.
Vol 2 Issue .
1-6 Behavior remains normal as usual No fur shedding Cat is not experiencing any health problems A Agus Darwanto et al.
After it was proven safe, a simulation test of anti-louse activity was conducted using a dengkil .
oat le.
as it has thick fur that is believed to make louse comfortable for a while.
Figure 1.
Anti-Louse Activity Test with Goat Leg Then, small, medium, and large louse were introduced to observe their response to zeolite, activated charcoal, and the combination of zeolite with activated charcoal for about 60 The experiment was repeated 3 .
In Table 2, it can be seen that zeolite, activated charcoal, or a combination of zeolite and activated charcoal can repel louse.
However, some large louse did approach the activated charcoal, but after 1 hour, the large louse on the activated charcoal appeared unstable, moved away, and became still .
id not move at al.
Based on the ANOVA test analysis, an F value greater than the degree of freedom was obtained, so the hypothesis was accepted.
The significance was 0.
009, which means < 0.
05, thus there is an influence of zeolite and/or activated charcoal on louse repelling behavior.
Based on simple linear regression analysis, a correlation between the presence of zeolite and/or activated charcoal and the louse repellent power of 71.
2% was obtained, which means the correlation is quite The influence of zeolite and/or activated charcoal on louse repelling behavior was 50.
which means it is quite strong.
Therefore, zeolite and/or activated charcoal can be used to repel louse.
Table 2.
Anti-Louse Activity Test with Goat Leg Medium Trial Treatment Louse Response Zeolite Activated charcoal Zeolite activated charcoal Moved away 2 cm Moved away 3 cm Moved away 4 cm Zeolite Moved away 3-7 cm Activated charcoal Moved away 4-5 cm Zeolite activated charcoal Moved away 4-5 cm Zeolite Activated charcoal Zeolite activated charcoal Moved away 3-5 cm Moved away 3 cm Moved away 2-4 cm Manganite | Journal of Chemistry and Education.
Vol 2 Issue .
1-6 Notes All louse, small, medium, and large moved away from the active After 25 minutes, moved further One large louse initially moved on the activated charcoal then moved away and remained One large louse initially moved on the activated charcoal then moved away and remained After 12 minutes, moved further A Agus Darwanto et al.
The next simulation test was continued using a hat that had been coated with a cloth containing zeolite and activated charcoal, compared to the control, which was a hat that did not have the addition of zeolite and activated charcoal.
Figure 2.
Anti-louse simulation test using hats Based on the observation, it is known that on average louse move away from the position of zeolite and activated charcoal.
This behavior indicates that there is an effect of zeolite and activated charcoal on louse.
Table 3.
Anti-Louse Test with Hats Trial Hat Type Regular hat Zeolite activated carbon hat Regular hat Zeolite activated carbon hat Regular hat Zeolite activated carbon hat Each hat was placed with 2 louse and observed their behavior for 60 minutes.
The results are as follows:
Test Results 1 louse spinning around on the top of the hat 1 louse moving up and down inside the top of the hat 1 louse disappeared 1 louse stayed on top of the zeolite/activated carbon and remained All louse remained on top of the hat, then moved to the seam fold All louse moved away from the zeolite and activated carbon, then hid in the seam fold of the hat 1 louse near the hat's fabric adhesive The other louse hid in the seam fold 2 louse moved away from the zeolite and activated carbon, and the other louse immediately hid in the hat's seam fold.
The correlation between the presence of zeolite and activated charcoal and the repellent power of louse is 86.
6%, with an influence level of 75%, which means it is very strong.
The F value is greater than the degree of freedom, so the hypothesis is accepted, which means that the presence of zeolite and activated charcoal in the hat makes louse move away and not stay.
With a significance level of 0.
000, it means that < 0.
which means that the presence of zeolite and activated charcoal in the hat is effective in making louse not stay.
Next, an efficacy test was conducted using the prevalence method by asking respondents who have louse to wear the hat for 3-4 hours, then combed to count the remaining louse on the head.
After that, the number of louse was compared with the results of combing done before wearing the hat with zeolite and activated charcoal.
Manganite | Journal of Chemistry and Education.
Vol 2 Issue .
1-6 A Agus Darwanto et al.
Table 4.
Efficacy Test The correlation value was 80.
9% with an influence level of 65.
The F value was greater than the degree of freedom, indicating the acceptance of the The ANOVA test showed a significance 015, which means there is a significant effect of the zeolite and activated charcoal-infused hat in reducing louse count.
Duration of Use Number of Louse Remaining after Comb Before After 4 Hours 3 Hours A Hour 3 A Hours Average 20 louse 20 louse 5 louse 15 louse 3 louse 5 louse 1 louse 2 louse Using the repellent power formula, the average ability of zeolite and activated charcoal in the hat to repel louse is 81.
The correlation between the use of zeolite and activated charcoalinfused hat and the reduction of louse count by 9% with a level of influence of 65.
4% was The F value was greater than the degree of freedom, indicating the acceptance of the The ANOVA test showed a significance 015, which means < 0.
05, thus there is a significant effect of using zeolite and activated charcoal-infused hat on reducing louse count.
Indeed, respondents who used the zeolite and activated charcoal-infused hat felt uncomfortable during the first hour of usage due to a decrease in scalp moisture levels and the reaction of louse that started feeling uncomfortable.
However, after 2 hours, it became normal as the scalp started adapting and louse began leaving the head of the person using the hat with zeolite and activated Thus, this hat is effective in repelling louse.
CONCLUSION
The hat with the addition of zeolite and activated charcoal is safe to use based on safety tests using test animals such as cats.
The results of the anti-louse simulation test using goat's legs showed a correlation value of 71.
2% with an influence level of The F value was greater than the degree of freedom, indicating the acceptance of the The ANOVA test showed a significance 0009, which means there is a significant effect of zeolite and activated charcoal in repelling louse.
The simulation test using the hat resulted in a correlation value of 86.
6% with an influence level of 75%.
The F value was greater than the degree of freedom, indicating the acceptance of the The ANOVA test showed a significance 0000, which means there is a significant effect of the presence of zeolite and activated charcoal pockets in repelling louse.
Based on these results, an efficacy test was conducted using the prevalence The efficacy test resulted in a repelling power of zeolite and activated charcoal of 81.
REFERENCE