INCREASING STUDENTSAo VOCABULARY BY USING WORD CARDS Christiaan H.
Kaloke.
Paula Hampp.
Paula Rombepajung .
English Education Department.
Faculty Language and Art Universitas Negeri Manado.
Tondano.
Indonesia ABSTRACT : The purpose of this study was to find out whether the use of Word Cards is able to increase studentsAo vocabulary.
The students at SMP NEGERI 6 KAKAS in academic year 2019/2020 were chosen as the subject of this study, specified to the seventh grade that consisted of 18 students.
This research used pre-experimental design with one group pretest and post-test.
This study consisted in five meetings.
First the researcher gave a pretest next treatment and the last posttest.
The technique in collecting data used test as instrument in form of matching item test consisted with 25 numbers.
The result of this study found that Word Cards was effective in increasing studentsAo vocabulary where post-test was higher than pre-test.
The mean score pre-test was 8.
27 and the mean score of post-test was It can be stated that Word Card is considered effective to increase studentsAo Keywords : Vocabulary.
Word Cards .
Increasing.
INTRODUCTION
Language is a system of arbitrary, vocal symbols that permit all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or to interact (Ramelan 1.
Language is a part of culture and language as a media to communicate of human to express their idea.
As an international language.
English is a media for communicating with the people from different countries around the world to express ideas, thoughts, and experiences in spoken or written forms.
According to (Aulia et all, 2.
, the importance of English is the key to the international communication and commerce makes it compulsory subject for students from the Junior High School.
English there are four skills, they are listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
According to Schmitt .
Language vocabulary and grammar.
Pronunciation relates to sound, pressure, and intonation.
Vocabulary is one of the language components related to the meaning of a While grammar is the rule of In this case, vocabulary is one of an important component to help them in mastering a language.
Vocabulary has an important role in language because vocabulary as a basic for human to communicate each other.
Mehta .
states that Auvocabulary is the first and foremost important step in language Ay It means vocabulary have to mastery first before the other components.
But most of the students lack or limited the vocabulary because of some factors they are:
first, the students have problem to memorize the word and the second absence of media used in teaching vocabulary makes studentsAo consciousness and motivation to learn vocabulary low.
Word card is a piece of card or plastic with the information on it used to identify a person to record information or as proof of membership Mohammad .
It means that card as media that is important to use in order to the people can remember what they write and as a record to identify a person.
Hamalik .
stated that media is used to motivate students learning.
From the statement above we can know that it is important for teacher to use media in teaching and learning activity.
There are several media that can be used by the students in learning vocabulary, one of them is word cards.
Word cards can help students to master English Based on researcher observation at the seventh grade of SMP N 6 Kakas, he found that most of the students difficult to learn new words vocabulary.
It is evidenced with the most of the students canAot answer the question when the researcher ask about their profile and when the researcher ask them to introduce their self and their friends, they canAot do this, and they need to translate in Bahasa what the question is.
Besides that, they have difficulties to memorize the vocabulary whereas they must memorize more vocabularies, but in practicing he found that they were difficult to understand the English language, it is because they have lack of vocabulary.
So he decides to do something that made them to memorize the vocabulary easily so they can understand what is the material being learned.
Schmitt and McCarthy .
propose one of the strategies to learn vocabulary using cards to remember foreign It means word card is one of the effective media in teaching and learning Therefore the researcher choose word cards as a media to teach vocabulary because cards can make class more active and According to Nation .
4: .
Auusing vocabulary cards is a word learning strategy for independent learning in or out of classAy.
On one side of the card is written the word to be learned.
It means vocabulary cards can use in everywhere, it can be in class or out class.
On the other hand card is easily to get or made.
Teaching vocabulary by using Word Cards, makes students are able to find new vocabulary from what they are seeing and the spelling from the Word Cards.
The use of Word Cards in teaching learning process, helps students to memorize the vocabulary because it is such a game and make them easy to remember and know the spelling of the The use of Word Cards make learning more fun than usually.
Based on the statement above the researcher conducted a research with the title Increasing StudentsAo vocabulary by using Word Cards depend on the curriculum of junior high school.
Definition of vocabulary Hornby .
5: 1.
defines Auvocabulary as a list of words used in book, etc.
usually with definition and translationAy.
Vocabulary is a couple of words that include on book and so John Dewey .
in Bintz .
states that Auvocabulary is critically important because a word is an instrument for thinking about the meanings which it expresses.
Ay The mastery of vocabulary can help us to express our idea and to understand the other person mean and communication being clearly.
Bowman .
in Ababneh .
suggests that Auvocabulary is integrated into every content area and is addressed as part of the curriculum which means that the use of vocabulary is part of reading, writing as well as establishing the foundation of effective Ay It is evidenced that vocabulary is not just for communication but for obtain the academic achievement.
From all the definition above, the researcher conclude that vocabulary is not just useful for achievement too, because when we mastery vocabulary well we can mastery the four English skill and it is make easy for us to Kind of vocabulary According to Finnochiaro .
4: .
there are two kinds of vocabulary, namely active vocabulary and passive vocabulary.
Active vocabulary refers to the words the student understands, can pronounce correctly and use them constructively in speaking and writing.
the other hand, passive vocabulary refers to the words in which the students can recognize and understand while they are reading or listening to someone speaking, but they do not use the words in speaking or in writing.
Based on definition above, active vocabulary is the word that students have ability to use and pronounce correctly in their writing and speaking especially in their daily activity and passive vocabulary is the word they recognize and use in context, but the y donAot ability to use and pronounce.
Definition of Word Cards As cited in Syarif .
1: .
word card is one of teaching vocabulary technique suggested by Paul Nation in his book New Ways in Teaching vocabulary and Learning Vocabulary in another language.
according to Rod Ellis ( 2008 : 963 ) word card involve some attempts to focus learnersAo attention on specific properties of the L2 so that they will learn them, it means by using word cards is intended to develop elements of language like spelling vocabulary pronunciation grammar and so on.
One of the games that can effectively use in this class is game.
The words cards game here was game using guessing the true of adjectives word in cards, the cards game was chosen because it can increase studentsAo vocabulary by giving them chance to memorizing the words.
According to Syarif .
1: .
using word cards is not only memorizing the words, it also supplies the words repetitions that can be helpful for their memorizations.
The using of word card can help students memorize the word because they have to repeat the word as contained on the procedure in using the word The procedures of using Word cards in this research are as follows:
Arrange the seat of the students, make it around so it will be easier for students to see the card clearly.
Show to the students the Word Cards that the teacher has been prepared before.
The teacher asked the students to repeat the word after the teacher.
The teacher ask a question to the students.
If the students give a wrong answer, the teacher correct the answer by show the other side of the Word Cards that contained the meaning of those words.
After that, the teacher continue to the other Word Cards The teacher will give 60 words on five meetings, the first meeting is pretest the second till the fourth meeting is treatment and the last meeting is posttest.
Every treatment will learn 20 words.
Another problem was the student didnAot pay attention in learning process when the teacher ask the meaning of word cards, when thea teacher explain the words in English, some student was busy talked with their friends or they doing their homework, it show that the student were not interesting in the beginning of using word cards, there was also a student pay attention to the teacher but they afraid to guess the true answer of the word cards when the teacher ask them correctly, this problem could be decreased if all of the student paying attention to the teacher and be attractive to guessing the word cards.
But in short period all the problem was solved by the teacher by applied the technique.
The teacher using adjectives to increasing studentsAo vocabulary by using word cards Adjectives is a class of words that change nouns or pronouns usually by explained them or make them more specific There are examples of Adjective in some sentences below:
Adjective Clever Expensive Handsome Delicious Example Explanation are Clever explain we It means that Your bag is Expensive mean your It means that your bag is looks Handsome means he It means he This pizza is Delicious means this It means that this pizza is Example of adjectives:
common adjectives: big, small, beautiful.
Color adjective: red, black, yellow, blue Shape Adjective: Circle, flat, curved.
RESEARCH METHOD Research Design This research use quantitative research through pre-experimental design with one group pre- test and post-test design.
Pre-test will give before treatment and posttest after treatment.
The pre-test symbolized T1 and post-test symbolized T2, treatment X in the following representation of the design: T1 X T2.
Pre-test Treatment Post-test T2.
Data Collection In this study, the writer used classroom in grade seventh B of SMP N 6 Kakas the student had problems in vocabulary, the problem were difficulties in determining the meaning of word, spelling and using the word in a sentence, used two test in this study, thus the writer implemented card game in order to increase the studentsAo vocabulary especially in understanding the meaning of the words, spelling the word and using the word in a simple sentence, the writer used pretest and posttest, and the test in this study used objective test.
The test in the form of matching item test and there were 25 numbers of test.
The researcher gave the pretest at the first meeting and then the researcher gave the treatment that is applying of Word Cards as technique in teaching, the last the students followed the last test or posttest Then, these scores will be used as numerical data to measure the effectiveness of using Word Cards as technique to improve studentsAo vocabulary.
Data Analysis The researcher analyse the data statistically using descriptive statistics.
analyzing the obtained data the writer will use mean score formula as follows:
OcycU (Hatch and Farhady X = ycA 1982:.
Where:
= the symbols of mean OcycU = the total score Students = the number of Students ANALYSIS In the present study, the researcher collects the data by using word cards,and use an objective test in the form of matching The data are presented below:
Table 1.
The data of students in T1 .
and T2 .
ost-tes.
Pre-test (T.
Post-test (T.
There are 18 students that participate in the pre-test and the post-test.
There are 18 students who took in the test, every students got higher score on the post-test.
1 Statistycal Analisys of the Data The researcher analyse the data statistically using quantitative .
The purpose of this chapter is to organize the information collected in research using frequency The data were presented graphically as a cumulative frequency 2 Frequency Distribution of Pretest and Posttest The result of this study showed that most of studentsAo score in post-test is higher than pre-test.
Every studentsAo increase their in post-test.
The result of the analysis showed that 18 students who take a part in the test.
In the first test (Pre-tes.
, the highest score is sixteen .
by one .
student and the lowest score is three .
by two .
In the post-test, the highest score is twenty one .
by one student and the lowest score is ten .
by three .
Table 6 shows that the mean score .
cUI) of pre-test (T.
27 and the mean score .
cUI) of post-test (T.
this study the data of the pre-test are compared with the data of the post-test.
should be said that the result of post-test is better than pre-test.
3 Computation of Mean and Standard Deviation In calculating the mean and standart deviation of both pre-test and post-test scores, it is necessary to calculate the mean OcycU score ycUI = ycu Table 5.
Sums of pretest (X.
and posttest (X.
scores Score Score (X.
(X.
Total Thus, the mean of pre test (X.
= 8,27
And the mean of post test (X.
= 14,61
As can be seen, the mean of the pre-test is 8,27 where the post-test is 14,61.
It can be that the mean of post-test is higher than the pre-test.
In other words, there is an increasing in studentsAo vocabulary after the treatment.
4 Discussion