Jurnal E-Komtek Vol.
No.
https://jurnal.
politeknik-kebumen.
id/index.
php/E-KOMTEK p-ISSN : 2580-3719 e-ISSN : 2622-3066 Design of a Batik Coloring Waste Treatment Tool Using the Electrocoagulation Method with a Capacity of 40 Liters Aris Stiyawan1.
Nova Suparmanto2.
Harnandito Paramadharma3.
Asni Tafrikhatin4 Purnata5 .
Hendi CV Astoetik Indonesia.
Indonesia, 55181 Department of Industrial Engineering.
Yogyakarta State University.
Indonesia, 55281 3Departemenr of Technology Transfer and Incubation.
Center for Handicrafts and Batik.
Indonesia, 55166 4Department of Electronics Engineering.
Piksi Ganesha Indonesia Polytechnic.
Indonesia, 54311 5Department of Mechatronics Engineering.
Cilacap State Polytechnic.
Indonesia, 53212 asni@politeknik-kebumen.
https://doi.
org/10.
37339/e-komtek.
Published by Politeknik Piksi Ganesha Indonesia Artikel Info Submitted:
11-01-2023
Revised:
31-01-2023
Accepted:
07-02-2023
Online first :
00-06-2023
Abstract Batik coloring still uses synthetic dyes, so the disposal of coloring waste should not be Most batik craftsmen process their batik waste by settling the waste liquid for a long time.
The process is very ineffective.
The purpose of this research is to design a batik processing tool that is cheap and effective.
The research method uses the electrocoagulation The electrocoagulation method is an electrochemical water treatment.
The design of this batik waste treatment tool consists of five parts including: .
Electrocoagulation Tub, .
Skimmer, .
Electrode, .
Sand Filter, and .
Studge Drying Bed.
This tool works with 900 watts of power with an output of 20-40 volts DC.
The capacity of liquid waste is 40 liters.
Duration of waste treatment for 2 hours.
The electrocoagulation method is able to reduce the values of BOD5.
COD.
TSS, and TDS in batik dye waste.
The pH of wastewater which is still high can be reduced by giving alum Keywords: Batik.
Dye Effluent.
Electrocoagulation Batik Abstrak Pewarnaan batik masih menggunakan pewarna sintetis, sehingga pembuangan limbah pewarnaan tidak boleh sembarangan.
Sebagian besar pengrajin batik mengolah limbah batiknya dengan cara mengendapkan cairan limbah dalam waktu lama.
Proses tersebut sangat tidak efektif.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat desain alat pengolahan batik yang murah dan efektif.
Metode penelitian menggunakan metode elektrokoagulasi.
Metode elektrokoagulasi merupakan pengolahan air secara elektrokimia.
Desain alat pengolahan limbah batik ini terdiri dari lima bagian diantaranya: .
Bak Elektrokoagulasi, .
Skimmer, .
Elektroda, .
Sand Filter, dan .
Bak Drying Bed Studge.
Alat ini bekerja dengan daya 900 watt dengan luaran 20-40 volt DC.
Daya tampung limbah cair sebesar 40 Lama pengolahan limbah selama 2 jam.
Metode elektrokoagulasi mampu menurunkan nilai BOD5.
COD.
TSS, dan TDS pada limbah pewarna batik.
pH air limbah yang masih tinggi mampu diturunkan kadarnya dengan pemberian tawas.
Kata-kata kunci: Batik.
Limbah Pewarna.
Elektrokoagulasi This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.
International License.
A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata Introduction In 2009.
UNESCO designated batik as Indonesia's cultural heritage .
The impact is that every October 2 is celebrated as Batik Day.
In addition, the government is increasingly cultivating clothes with batik motifs to be worn during school and meetings with other countries.
Batik has many types.
Based on the drawing technique, there are two types, namely written, painted, and stamped batik .
The choice of depiction technique is adjusted to the wishes of Along with the times, batik has been innovated by young artists with creations in the form of souvenirs and other local specialty art products .
Based on this data, there are more and more batik craftsmen.
Environmental problems that often occur in batik craftsmen are batik coloring waste .
Most batik craftsmen are in household industries, so the waste treatment used is quite simple, namely by settling the coloring waste for several days .
Even though the condition of batik coloring waste exceeds the required quality standard threshold, especially for the parameters Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD).
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).
Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) .
Most wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) for batik craftsmen still utilize funds from the APBN / APBD and CSR companies.
Based on these problems, researchers will make a cheap and effective batik coloring waste treatment tool so that wastewater is by the standard quality threshold.
This batik dye waste treatment uses the electrocoagulation method.
Based on previous research, batik processing using electrocoagulation is still just measuring the effectiveness of the electrocoagulation method in reducing the anode mass and the required voltage .
The study conducted by Achmad Chusnun Ni'am states that the distance between the two plates and the type of plate used also affects the breakdown of chemical reactions in batik coloring waste .
Novie Putri Setianingrum mentioned that the amount of voltage and the length of the electrocoagulation process also affect COD and TSS reduction .
Method This research uses the electrocoagulation method to make a batik coloring waste treatment tool using the electrocoagulation method.
Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical water treatment method.
At the anode, there is a release of active coagulants in the form of metal ions into the solution.
At the same time, at the cathode, an electrolysis reaction occurs at the A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata.
Nitis Aruming Firdaus cathode in the form of hydrogen gas release .
The electrocoagulation reaction at the anode and cathode is as follows.
2H2O 2e- H2 .
2OH2H2O O2 4H 4e Al3 4e- This research designs a batik waste treatment tool with a quantity of 40 liters.
This research process is presented in Figure 1.
Sewage Treatment Tool Design Manufacture of Waste Treatment Tool Testing of Waste Treatment Tools Sewage Treatment Tool Repair Figure 1.
Step of Research Sewage Treatment Tool Design Design a waste treatment tool using Corel Draw.
The tool design is based on the theory found when looking for theoretical studies.
Making Waste Treatment Tools Making waste treatment tools is adjusted to the tool design that has been made.
Testing of Waste Treatment Tools Testing of sewage treatment equipment by sending initial samples of waste before electrocoagulation processing and after electrocoagulation processing to the Yogyakarta Environmental Health and Disease Control Engineering Center for testing BOD5.
COD.
TSS.
TDS, and pH of the wastewater.
Improvement of Sewage Treatment Equipment Repair sewage treatment equipment with good ergonomics and effective values.
A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata.
Nitis Aruming Firdaus Results and Discussion Sewage Treatment Tool Design This sewage treatment tool uses electrocoagulation.
The electrocoagulation method requires two electrodes .
node and cathod.
These electrodes are made of iron and The design of the sewage treatment process is presented in Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The Flow of Sewage Treatment Process This sewage treatment process consists of five parts, namely .
Electrocoagulation Tub, .
Skimmer, .
Electrode, .
Sand Filter, and .
Studge Drying Bed.
The tool design is presented in Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Sewage Treatment Tool Design Based on Figure 3, this waste treatment tool requires 900 watts of power and DC output power between 20 to 40 volts.
The electrocoagulation tub is a container of coloring liquid waste to be processed in 40 liters.
Skimmer is a tool for wiping electrodes that have sediment attached.
Electrodes use a size of 80 x 10 x 0.
5 cm3.
A sand Filter is a place for residue from waste that has been decomposed.
The studge drying bed serves as a drying tub for sludge that has been The design of the sewage treatment tool's top and side views are presented in Figure 4.
A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata.
Nitis Aruming Firdaus Figure 4.
Design of Waste Processing Tools Top and Side Views Based on Figure 4, the design of this batik processing tool is made using wheels which function to make it easier to move this waste treatment tool.
Making Waste Processing Tools This waste treatment tool is the primary raw material is a welded iron plate, so that it can be like Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Waste Processing Tools The workings of this waste processing tool are 40 liters of waste liquid poured into a reservoir, then connected to a 220-volt power source with a power of 900 watts and an output power of 2040 VDC.
Testing Waste Treatment Tools There are three types of batik waste samples taken: indigosol, naphthol and a mixture of naphthol and indigosol.
All three types are synthetic dye waste.
The results of testing indigasol batik waste are presented in Table 1.
A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata.
Nitis Aruming Firdaus Table 1.
Test Results of Indigasol Waste Content Unit Maximum Level Result Test Before After 0,0489 0,0489 <0,0095 <0,0095 6,7535 6,7535 Temperature A3 6,0 Ae 9,0 <0,0043 No.
Parameter Unit
BOD5*
COD*
TSS
TDS
Fenol Total Krom Total (C.
* Ammonia
Total
(NH
Sulfide .
si S) Temperature* <0,0043 Based on Table 1, all parameters digasol liquid waste that has been electro coagulated are by the quality standard threshold.
The test results of naphthol waste content are presented in Table 2.
Table 2.
Test Results for Naptol Waste Content No.
Parameter Unit
Result Test
Unit Maximum
Level Before After BOD5* COD* TSS
TDS
Fenol Total
0,2175
0,2758
Krom Total (C.
* <0.
<0,0095
Ammonia
(NH
6,9124
2,6411
Sulfide .
s S) <0,0043 <0,0043 Temperature* Temperature A3 6,0 Ae 9,0 Total Based on Table 2, the test results of Naphtol waste levels are BOD5.
COD.
TSS, and TDS parameters by the threshold, but the pH parameter is still high.
The results of the mixed waste content test are presented in Table 3.
A Aris Stiyawan.
Nova Suparmanto.
Harnandito Paramadharma.
Asni Tafrikhatin .
Hendi Purnata.
Nitis Aruming Firdaus Table 3.
Test Results of Mixed Waste Content Unit Maximum Level Temperature A3 Result Test Before After 0,0211 0,7416 4,6083 5,1721 Suhu udara 3 6,0 Ae 9,0 <0,0043 No.
Parameter Unit
BOD5*
COD*
TSS
TDS
Fenol Total Krom Total (C.
* Ammonia
Total
(NH
Sulfide .
s S) Temperature* <0,0043 Based on Table 3, the coagulated mixed waste has a significant decrease in BOD5.
COD.
TSS, and TDS levels, but the pH value is still high.
Based on Table 2 and Table 3, the pH value in the dye waste liquid is still high, so alum is needed to neutralize it.
After mixing with alum water, the wastewater was checked for pH.
The result was 8 .
Researchers have tested it before being neutralized with alum by giving the wastewater to catfish.
The catfish can survive until now, so the wastewater, if discharged in a pH state of that size, does not harm plants or animals.
It should still be given alum so that the pH of the wastewater is neutral and the water color is clear.
Conclusion The design of a batik dyeing waste treatment tool with a quantity of 40 liters is by making .
an Electrocoagulation Tub, .
Skimmer, .
an Electrode, .
a Sand Filter, and .
Studge Drying Bed.
The electrocoagulation method can reduce the values of BOD5.
COD.
TSS, and TDS in batik dye waste.
The pH of wastewater, which is still high, can be reduced by giving References