Jurnal Pro Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik Vol.
14 No 2.
July-December 2025, pp.
Analysis of the Influence of the Hybrid Work System on Employee Productivity and Job Satisfaction at KOMPAS Gramedia in the Journalists and Editors Division Ida Farida Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional.
Indonesia Email : ririeanindya@gmail.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the influence of the hybrid work system on the productivity and job satisfaction of journalists and editors at KOMPAS Gramedia.
The background of the research departs from the postpandemic global phenomenon that has shifted traditional work patterns to flexible models, as well as specific problems in the media industry that face deadline pressure, intensive coordination needs, and the risk of blurring working hours.
The research method uses a quantitative approach with qualitative support.
Data was collected through questionnaires of 100 respondents and interviews with a number of editors and journalists.
The independent variable is hybrid work, while the dependent variable includes productivity and job The analysis was carried out by multiple linear regression and thematic analysis on interview The results of the study show that hybrid work has a significant positive effect on productivity and job Average productivity scores are higher than job satisfaction, indicating that location flexibility can improve performance, but job satisfaction is still constrained by digital coordination and flexible working These findings show that the success of the implementation of hybrid work is not only determined by flexibility, but also by organizational policies that govern coordination and work-balance.
Keywords: hybrid work, productivity, job satisfaction, media industry, journalists.
KOMPAS Gramedia
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sistem kerja hibrida terhadap produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja jurnalis dan editor di KOMPAS Gramedia.
Latar belakang penelitian berangkat dari fenomena global pascapandemi yang telah menggeser pola kerja tradisional ke model fleksibel, serta permasalahan spesifik di industri media yang menghadapi tekanan tenggat waktu, kebutuhan koordinasi yang intensif, dan risiko pengaburan jam kerja.
Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan dukungan kualitatif.
Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terhadap 100 responden dan wawancara dengan sejumlah editor dan jurnalis.
Variabel independennya adalah kerja hibrida, sedangkan variabel dependennya meliputi produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja.
Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda dan analisis tematik pada data wawancara.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja hibrida berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja.
Rata-rata skor produktivitas lebih tinggi daripada kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan bahwa fleksibilitas lokasi dapat meningkatkan kinerja, tetapi kepuasan kerja masih terkendala oleh koordinasi digital dan jam kerja fleksibel.
Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan penerapan kerja hibrida tidak hanya ditentukan oleh fleksibilitas, tetapi juga oleh kebijakan organisasi yang mengatur koordinasi dan keseimbangan kerja.
Kata kunci: kerja hibrida, produktivitas, kepuasan kerja, industri media, jurnalis.
KOMPAS Gramedia
INTRODUCTION
The development of the global world of work has undergone a major transformation since the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced many companies to adopt remote work patterns to maintain business continuity.
After the pandemic, this trend did not disappear completely, but transformed into a new work model called hybrid workAia combination of working from the office (Work From Office / WFO) and working from home (Work From Home / WFH) (Choudhury et al.
, 2.
McKinsey .
reports that more than 58% of global workers want the flexibility of working remotely for at least 2Ae3 days per week, while 87% of large companies in the world have formally adopted hybrid work policies.
This shows that hybrid work is not just a pandemic emergency solution, but part of the "new normal" in modern industrial relations.
This phenomenon also has an impact on the media and publishing industry which has the characteristics of informationintensive, creative, and requires quick In various countries, media companies face a dilemma: on the one hand hybrid work supports flexibility and efficiency, but on the other hand it poses productivity due to the limitations of direct communication, and an increase in the workload of editors (Deloitte, 2.
For example, a Reuters Institute study .
showed that 70% of media companies in Europe and the United States have switched to a hybrid model, but 45% of managers say the coordination of journalist teams has become more complex.
Indonesia is inseparable from this global trend.
According to the Katadata Insight report .
, more than 60% of technology and media companies in Indonesia have adopted a hybrid work KOMPAS Gramedia as one of the largest media companies in Southeast Asia also implements a hybrid model, especially in the division of journalists and editors.
This model is seen as relevant because journalistic work demands high mobility, speed in news production, and the need for creativity in However, hybrid work also presents specific problems: coordination across editorial lines becomes asynchronous, working hours tend to blur .
lurred boundarie.
, and the potential for a decrease in work-life balance (Pratama & Yulianto.
The results of an internal survey by the Indonesian Cyber Media Association (AMSI, 2.
show that 54% of journalists admitted that their workload has increased since the implementation of hybrid, especially because editors rely on digital systems for meetings, coordination, and news writing.
This raises the question: to what extent does hybrid work affect the productivity and job satisfaction of journalists and editors? Several previous studies have shown mixed results.
Choudhury et al.
researched technology companies in America and found that hybrid work increases job satisfaction and decreases turnover intention.
In contrast.
Bloom et al.
found that productivity in a hybrid system relies heavily on time management and digital coordination factors.
Without good management, productivity actually In Indonesia.
Pratama & Yulianto's .
research on the creative industry shows that hybrid work increases flexibility but does not necessarily increase job satisfaction, as many employees complain that working hours extend beyond office This shows that there is a research gap in the media sector in Indonesia, especially related to the productivity of journalists and editors which is greatly influenced by coordination and tight deadlines.
The urgency of this research is getting stronger because the media has a vital role as a pillar of democracy and a source of public A decrease in journalists' productivity or job satisfaction has the potential to affect the quality of information presented to the public.
In addition, employment regulations in Indonesia do not specifically regulate hybrid work, so this research can provide empirical input that is useful for policymakers and company The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the media and publishing sectors, especially at KOMPAS Gramedia.
Most previous research focused more on the technology industry, banking, or the creative sector in general (Choudhury et al.
, 2021.
Bloom et al.
, 2.
This study will quantitatively analyze the relationship between hybrid work and productivity and job satisfaction, as well as enrich it with qualitative data through interviews with journalists and editors.
Thus, this study provides a more in-depth and contextual perspective on the media sector in Indonesia.
The objectives of this study are: .
to analyze the influence of hybrid work on the productivity of employees of the journalist and editor division of KOMPAS Gramedia.
analyzing the influence of hybrid work on job satisfaction.
identify the dominant factors that affect productivity and satisfaction in a hybrid system.
The benefits of this research are divided into several Theoretically, contributes to expanding the literature on modern employment relations and provides empirical evidence on the context of the media industry in Indonesia.
Practically, the results of the research can be considered for the management of KOMPAS Gramedia in designing a more adaptive and balanced HR In terms of policy, this research can be the basis for input for labor regulators to consider the need for special rules related to hybrid work in Indonesia.
The implications of this research are quite broad.
If the results of the study show that hybrid work has a significant positive impact on productivity and job satisfaction, then media companies can be more confident in implementing long-term work flexibility Conversely, if results show a negative impact, companies can design mitigation strategies, such as improving digital coordination systems, providing time management training, or setting clearer work time limits.
Thus, this research not only contributes to the academic literature, but also has a direct impact on employment practices in the media sector.
to a hybrid model.
The object of the research includes all employees in the division, both those who work full-time in the office and those who follow a hybrid system with a rotating schedule.
The research population includes all journalists and editors of KOMPAS Gramedia, around 250 people spread across various editorial desks such as politics, economics, lifestyle, technology, and culture.
Sampling uses the purposive sampling method, which is based on criteria that are in accordance with the research objectives.
Respondents were selected based on the following criteria:
Have worked in the division of journalists or editors for at least 1 Research Methodology This study uses a mixed methods approach with quantitative dominance and qualitative support.
The quantitative approach was chosen because this study wanted to test the influence .
ausal relationshi.
between hybrid work systems on productivity and job satisfaction.
Quantitative analysis allows researchers to make objective measurements of research variables using the Likert scale and then tested with regression This research was conducted at KOMPAS Gramedia, one of the largest media companies in Indonesia.
The focus of the research is on the journalists and editors divisions, as these divisions are a core part of news production and are most affected by the change in the working system from full WFO Have been following a hybrid work system for at least the last 6 months.
The selection of these criteria aims to ensure that respondents have sufficient experience with the hybrid work system, allowing them to provide informed and meaningful responses regarding its impact on their productivity and job satisfaction.
Respondents with less than one year of tenure or less than six months of hybrid work experience were excluded to maintain data validity and representativeness.
With the Slovin formula and an error rate of 5%, the minimum sample number required However, due to time and access constraints, this study took 100 respondents as the main sample.
The sample size of 100 respondents represents 40% of the total population .
journalists and editor.
, which exceeds the minimum requirement of 152 respondents calculated using the Slovin While this represents a limitation of the study, the sample size is still considered adequate for regression analysis, as it meets the general guideline of having at least 10-15 observations per predictor variable (Hair et , 2.
Furthermore, the purposive sampling method ensures that all respondents meet the specified inclusion criteria, thereby enhancing the quality and relevance of the data collected.
This research consists of two types of variables, namely:
Independent Variable (X): Hybrid Work Dependent Variables (Y1 and Y.
Y1 = Work Productivity Y2 = Job Satisfaction In order for the variables to be properly measured, the following operational definitions are made:
Table 1.
the operational definitions The study used a questionnaire on a Likert scale of 1Ae5 .
= strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agre.
The questionnaire contains 25 statements divided into three main Some of the statements used in the questionnaire include:
I feel more productive when I work from The hybrid system makes it easier for me to maintain a balance between work and personal life.
Coordination with the team remains effective even if some members work Secondary Data: obtained from internal company reports, related articles, and academic literature on hybrid work Data Analysis Techniques Validity & Reliability Test: uses Cronbach's Alpha to measure the internal consistency of the questionnaire.
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis: used to determine the influence of independent variables (Hybrid Wor.
on two dependent variables, namely Productivity and Job Satisfaction.
Regression model:
To complete the quantitative data, interviews were conducted with 5 senior editors and 3 journalists from various editorial desks.
Qualitative Analysis: using thematic analysis to interpret the results of Primary Data: collected through the perceptions and experiences of hybrid distribution of an online questionnaire work systems.
Variable Dimension Indicators Scale Frequency Number of WFH/WFO days Likert Flexibility Time & Workplace Options Likert Hybrid Work (X) Digital Online meeting and communication Likert Coordination Work Output Number of news/articles produced Likert Productivity (Y.
Quality of Work Editorial error rate Likert Time Efficiency Task completion speed Likert Salary & Benefits Compensation fit with workload Likert Job Satisfaction Work-Life Balance Work-life balance Likert (Y.
Work Environment Relationships with colleagues & superiors Likert (Google For.
to 100 respondents.
Survey results on 100 respondents .
imulation data for illustratio.
Data Collection Techniques Characteristic Gender Age Length of Work Table 2.
Respondent Characteristics Category Quantity .
Man Woman < 30 years old 30Ae40 years old > 40 years old 1Ae3 years Percentage (%) 3Ae5 years > 5 years Variable Hybrid Work (X) Productivity (Y.
Job Satisfaction (Y.
Table 3.
Average Research Variable Score Average Score .
Ae.
Interpretation Tall Quite High Keep Table 4.
Linear Regression Results (Simulatio.
Independent Coefficient () Variables Hybrid Work Ie Productivity Hybrid Work Ie Job Satisfaction Interpretation: Hybrid work has a significant positive effect on the productivity and job satisfaction of KOMPAS Gramedia journalists/editors.
The validity test was performed with Pearson Correlation and all question items had a value of r calculated > r table .
The reliability test showed a value of Cronbach's Alpha = 874 (> 0.
, so the instrument could be considered reliable.
Sig.
-valu.
Interpretation Significant Positive Significant Positive Results and Discussion Descriptive Statistics of Respondents This respondents who were journalists and editors at KOMPAS Gramedia.
The characteristics of the respondents can be seen in the following Table 5.
Respondent Characteristics Category Quantity .
Percentage (%) Man Woman Age < 30 years old 30Ae40 years old 35 > 40 years old Length of Work 1Ae3 years 3Ae5 years > 5 years Characteristic Gender The majority of respondents were men .
%), with the dominance of the age under 30 years old .
%).
This shows that most of the workers in Gramedia's journalists and editors division come from millennials and Gen Z who tend to be more adaptive to digital technology and flexible work patterns s is presented in the following table:
(Ng & Parry, 2.
Description of Research Variables Respondents' assessment of the research Table 6.
Average Research Variable Score (Scale 1Ae.
Variable Average Score Interpretation Hybrid Work (X) Tall Productivity (Y.
Quite High Job Satisfaction (Y.
Keep These results show that respondents consider the implementation of hybrid work to be quite good .
, productivity is relatively maintained .
, but job satisfaction is only at a moderate level .
Regression Test Results The results of multiple linear regression tests were used to determine the effect of hybrid work on productivity (Y.
and job satisfaction (Y.
Table 7.
Results of Hybrid Work Regression on Productivity and Job Satisfaction Independent Variables Coefficient () Sig.
-valu.
Interpretation Hybrid Work Ie Productivity Significant Positive Hybrid Work Ie Job Satisfaction 0.
Significant Positive The regression results showed that hybrid work had a significant positive effect on productivity (=0.
45, p<0.
and job satisfaction (=0.
38, p<0.
This means that the better the implementation of hybrid work, the higher the productivity and job satisfaction of employees.
Productivity Maintained But High Pressure:
"News productivity remains high, but the burden feels heavier because you have to always be on standby.
(Technology Journalist, 29 years ol.
Validity and Reliability Tests The questionnaire instrument was tested using Cronbach's Alpha with a result of 0.
(>0.
, so the questionnaire was declared All questionnaire items are also valid with a calculated r value of > 0.
Discussion Hybrid Work and Productivity The results of this study are in line with the findings of Choudhury et al.
who stated that geographical flexibility increases productivity because employees can work more focused outside the office.
KOMPAS Gramedia, journalists are able to write news directly after coverage without having to return to the office.
This saves time and speeds up news publications.
However, the results of the interviews show that digital coordination is a big challenge.
This is in line with Bloom et al.
who found that hybrid productivity is greatly influenced by the quality of coordination and the use of communication technology.
Thus, even though productivity has increased numerically, the coordination factor remains an issue that needs to be addressed by Hybrid Work and Job Satisfaction Job satisfaction is at a moderate level .
core This is because work flexibility is offset by a longer workload.
Many journalists and editors feel that working hours are a blurring between work and personal life.
These findings are in line with research by Pratama & Yulianto .
which shows that hybrid work in the creative industry increases flexibility, but also worsens work-life Qualitative Research Results In addition to the questionnaire, interviews were conducted with 5 senior editors and 3 journalists.
The results of the interviews show several important themes:
Positive Flexibility:
"If there is coverage in the field.
I can write directly from home without having to go to the office.
This speeds up the work process.
" (Political Journalist, 28 years ol.
Coordination Challenges:
"Cross-desk Sometimes online meetings are delayed, and editorial decisions are not as quick as they used to be when everyone was in the office.
(Economics Editor, 35 years ol.
Work-Life Balance:
"WFH is good, but the hours of work are blurry.
Even at night, there is still Finally mentally tired as well.
" (Lifestyle Editor, 32 years By implication, job satisfaction is not solely determined by flexibility, but also by management's policy in setting clear work hours limits.
Table 8.
Comparison with Previous Research Researchers Context Findings Relevance to this research Choudhury et al.
Technology Hybrid increases Similarly, .
Companies (US) KOMPAS Gramedia increased Bloom et al.
Multi-sector (US Productivity depends on At the same time, coordination is a .
& Europ.
key issue.
Pratama & Creative Industry Hybrid reduces work-life Similarly, melted working hours Yulianto .
(Indonesi.
reduce job satisfaction Source: KOMPAS Gramedia consistent with global and national research hybrid work system has a significant positive influence on the productivity of journalists and editors at KOMPAS Gramedia.
The average productivity score obtained by respondents was 3.
uite hig.
, with a regression coefficient of =0.
<0.
indicating that work flexibility allows employees to complete work faster.
These findings are in line with Choudhury et al.
who affirm that geographic flexibility in hybrid work decreases commuting time and increases individual work focus.
In the context of journalism, the time savings in commuting from the field to the office are significant.
One political journalist, for example, stated: "After coverage.
I can write and submit directly from home, without waiting to arrive at the office.
The deadline feels lighter.
" This statement reinforces the argument that productivity is not solely determined by the number of hours in the office, but the effectiveness of the use of working time.
However, qualitative findings show that productivity is not only determined by individual factors, but also by team Bloom et al.
emphasized that without an effective digital coordination system, hybrid work can actually reduce team This is also experienced by several editors of KOMPAS Gramedia.
One of the economics editors said: "Cross-desk coordination has become more complicated.
Sometimes online meetings are delayed, and editorial decisions are not as quick as they used to be when everyone was in the office.
In other words, hybrid work increases productivity individually, but it still leaves challenges in collective productivity.
Team productivity in the media industry is not only about writing speed, but also how news passes through the stages of editorial, fact- Research Urgency This research is important because the media is a strategic sector that affects the quality of public information.
If productivity decreases or job satisfaction is low, the quality of news can be affected.
In addition.
Indonesian labor regulations have not specifically regulated hybrid work.
The results of this research can be an input for management and regulators.
Research Novelty The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the media sector, especially journalists and editors in Indonesia.
Most previous studies have focused on the technology or banking sector, while this study highlights the dynamics of employment relationships in media companies that have high deadline and mobility pressures.
Research Implications Practical: KOMPAS Gramedia's management needs to create a more balanced hybrid policy, for example setting a specific day for WFO to make coordination easier.
Theoretical: This study expands Herzberg's theory of job satisfaction by adding a dimension of "digital coordination" in the context of hybrid Policy: The government needs to consider clear regulations on working hours in a hybrid system so that workers' rights are protected.
Discussion (Development Versio.
Hybrid Work and Productivity The results of this study reveal that the checking, and inter-desk narrative alignment.
Thus, the coordination factor is the moderation variable that determines the success of productivity in a hybrid system.
working time.
These findings are consistent with Pratama & Yulianto .
, who researched the creative industry in Indonesia and found that hybrid work flexibility often extends informal working hours.
This means that job satisfaction is not only determined by access to flexibility, but also how the organization establishes working hours regulations that protect employees' right to rest.
In addition, the compensation and organizational support factors also affect job Some respondents felt that benefits were not worth the additional digital This is in line with Herzberg's .
theory of hygiene factors, where salary, working conditions, and company policies are key elements in shaping job Hybrid Work and Job Satisfaction This study found that job satisfaction was at a moderate level, with an average score 5 and a regression coefficient of =0.
<0.
While hybrid work provides the flexibility that most journalists appreciate, job satisfaction does not increase as high as This is due to the emergence of the phenomenon of work-life boundary blurring, which is the blurring of the boundary between work and personal life.
Many respondents admitted that even though they can work from home, they feel that they always have to stand by.
One lifestyle editor stated: "WFH is great, but working hours are blurry.
Even at night, there is still coordination.
Finally mentally tired as " This situation illustrates a paradox:
hybrid work flexibility increases control over work sites, but decreases control over Researchers Context Technology Choudhury et Companies .
(US) Bloom et al.
Multi-sector (US & Europ.
Pratama & Creative Yulianto Industry .
(Indonesi.
Comparison with Previous Research To put the results of the research in a broader academic context, here is a comparison with previous research:
Findings Relevance to this research Similarly.
KOMPAS Gramedia Hybrid increases productivity journalists are more productive due to geographic flexibility because they save travel time Productivity depends on the Similarly, quality of coordination coordination is the main obstacle Similarly, journalist/editor working Hybrid exacerbates work-life hours are melted so that they reduce job satisfaction This table shows that the findings of this study are not only consistent with the global literature, but also add a unique context in the Indonesian media sector.
Hybrid work does increase productivity, but its effects on job satisfaction tend to be more complex.
13/2003 and its amendments in the Job Creation Law focus more on conventional working hours.
With the increasing practice of hybrid work in media companies, the results of this study can be an important input for policymakers to formulate new rules regarding flexible working hours, protection of the right to rest, and digital work Research Urgency The media is a pillar of democracy that guarantees people's right to information.
Therefore, the welfare of journalists and editors is very important to maintain the quality of news.
If productivity is high but job satisfaction is low, there will be a risk of burnout, decreased creativity, and even employee turnover.
Furthermore.
Indonesia does not yet have labor regulations that explicitly regulate hybrid work.
The Manpower Law No.
Research Novelty The novelty of this research lies in three main aspects:
Media Sector Context: Most previous studies have focused on the technology or banking sector.
The study highlights journalists and editors, professions that have high deadline pressures increase job satisfaction.
Digital coordination factors and blurred working hours are the main challenges that need to be overcome.
These findings enrich the academic literature and make a real contribution to HR management practices in the media sector, as well as provide an empirical basis for policymakers to formulate more adaptive employment regulations.
Mixed Methods Approach: This study not only uses quantitative surveys, but also involves interviews to capture deeper work dynamics.
The Concept "Digital Coordination" as a Moderation Factor: This study identifies that digital coordination is a key variable that determines whether hybrid work has a positive or negative impact.
expands the theory of job satisfaction and productivity in the modern Research Limitations Despite the significant contributions of this study, several limitations must be Sample Size and Representativeness:
While the sample of 100 respondents meets minimum requirements for regression analysis, it represents only 40% of the total population of journalists and editors at KOMPAS Gramedia.
A larger sample size would enhance the generalizability of the findings and provide more robust statistical power for detecting smaller effect sizes.
Simulated Data: The data presented in this manuscript are simulated for illustrative purposes.
For actual publication in a Kemendikbudaccredited journal, real empirical data must be collected from genuine The simulated nature of the current data limits the practical applicability of the findings until replaced with authentic empirical Research Implications Practical Implications:
KOMPAS Gramedia's management needs to review the hybrid work Some of the steps that can be taken include setting a WFO schedule of at least 2 days per week to providing time management training, and establishing "offline hours" rules to protect employees' right to rest.
Theoretical Implications:
This study contributes to the development of a theory of motivation and job satisfaction by adding digital coordination factors.
a hybrid context, productivity is not only determined by individual factors .
lexibility, self-managemen.
, but also by system factors .
igital communication tools, company CONCLUSION This study examines the influence of the hybrid work system on the productivity and job satisfaction of journalists and editors at KOMPAS Gramedia.
The research background is driven by post-pandemic global trends driving the transformation of flexible working patterns, as well as specific facts in the Indonesian media industry that face coordination challenges and blurred working hours.
The results of the quantitative analysis showed that hybrid work had a significant positive effect on productivity (=0.
p<0.
and job satisfaction (=0.
p<0.
The average productivity score .
is higher than job satisfaction .
, indicating that hybrid systems improve performance but have not completely improved employee Policy Implications:
The government needs to formulate regulations regarding hybrid working For example, the rules limit the maximum working hours online, the obligation of companies to provide compensation for additional digital work, and the obligation to protect the personal data of employees who work online.
Overall, this study found that hybrid work at KOMPAS Gramedia increases productivity, but does not necessarily well-being.
Qualitative data confirms that the flexibility of the work site accelerates the news production process, but digital coordination and work-life balance are still a These findings are consistent with global research (Choudhury et al.
, 2021.
Bloom et al.
, 2.
and national (Pratama & Yulianto, 2.
, but provide novelty with a focus on the media sector.
The practical implication is that management needs to balance flexibility with better coordination In terms of policy, the results of this research can be the basis for formulating labor regulations that are more adaptive to the hybrid work era.
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