Hidayat.
eScience Humanity Journal4 .
May 2024
POLITICAL PENETRATION ON NUCLEAR POWER
PLAN ISSUES IN BANGKA ISLANDS
Novendra Hidayat1.
Budi Darmawan2.
Putra Pratama S.
1 Political Science.
FISIP.
University of Bangka Belitung 2,3.
Sociology.
FISIP.
University of Bangka Belitung novendra@ubb.
*) corresponding author Keywords Nuclear Power Plan.
Political Penetration.
Social Movement.
Abstract This study is an analysis of social movement process in collective action context of Local people in Bangka Islands to resist Nuclear Power plan establishment.
This study is to analyze social movement process based on collective action which becomes a penetration for lower class people to resist the plan.
It is interesting since some structural factors affects social movement penetration in Bangka Belitung.
This paper used Anthony Giddens perspective about collective action on social The method used was study case with qualitative descriptive analytic The conclusion of this research is that there is a political network of movements supporting and opposing the development of PLTN.
Apart from that, there are power relations between the two movement groups.
The support group consists of BATAN which is then supported by the regional government of Bangka Belitung Islands Province, and several district governments on Bangka Island.
The second party is the party that opposes the plan to build a nuclear power plant, this party is led by Walhi Bangka Belitung which is supported by local NGOs, national NGOs, mass organizations and student organizations.
INTRODUCTION
Bangka Belitung Province is located in the eastern part of Sumatra Island and adjacent to South Sumatra Province.
This province is often known as the island of tin, because this province is rich in tin.
Not only that, the Bangka Belitung Islands are known for their harmony between ethnicities and religious people that are harmonious and far from The Province of Bangka Belitung Islands, better known as the "Land of Serumpun Sebalai", is an archipelago consisting of two main islands, namely Bangka island and Belitung In addition to the two main islands, there are also other small islands that surround it, such as Bangka Island which is surrounded by Nangka Island.
Turtle Island.
Bird Island.
Lepar Island.
Pongok Island.
Gelasa Island.
Panjang Island, and Seven Islands.
In addition.
Belitung Island is surrounded by Lima Island.
Lengkuas Island.
Selidung Island.
Pelanduk Island.
Seliu Island.
Nadu Island.
Mendanau Island.
Batu Island.
Dinding Island.
Sumedang Island, and other small islands.
147 | P a g e Hidayat.
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May 2024 This paper tries to uncover how politics is networked between groups supporting and opposing the construction of nuclear power plants, then this paper also tries to trace the movements of both support groups and opposition groups to build consolidation among their fellow members in seizing influence and support from the people of Bangka Belitung.
Furthermore, this paper wants to examine how the relationship pattern built between the two groups of supporters and opponents in responding to the nuclear power plant issue.
This paper will thus also explain who actors are involved in political penetration within the framework of social movements and joint actions related to the issue of nuclear power plant construction on Bangka Island.
Several previous studies support studies on the influence of politics on plans to build nuclear power plants in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province.
Research by Ayuningsih .
found that the interests of various actors influence the implementation of NPP policies in Indonesia.
These actors include international, national and local actors, both from government, private and non-government institutions.
This means that government policies cannot always be implemented well in society because of a conspiracy between the central and regional governments, communities and NGOs, where each party has political, economic and personal or group interests.
Governments, which have the authority to make policies, often prioritize their own personal and political interests.
Meanwhile, the people who are the targets of these policies will use moral reasons to reject policies that harm them.
The issue of developing nuclear energy, which still terrifies the public, is being used by some actors to gather support to maintain their power, while other parties are using it to reap maximum profits.
Research by Hariyadi .
shows that the process of determining the nuclear power plant development agenda, which was once a formal policy in the previous government and was ultimately cancelled, has not yet shown any significant changes.
However, strong political issues and various social resistance from the community around the nuclear power plant location, the general public, academics, anti-nuclear activists and some key stakeholders mean that this process has not yet led to formal decision making.
However, in the context of electricity security, the feasibility of building a nuclear power plant will remain a rational choice in the long term.
The results of this study show that .
The dynamics of determining the nuclear power plant development agenda have not yet shown the existence of strong political will from the government, in line with the limited public and regional government support, and .
the feasibility of building a nuclear power plant remains a rational choice for energy .
) nationally in the long term.
Therefore, when the process of determining the nuclear power plant development agenda has become a formal decision, the government still has to manage the challenges of its implementation both socially and Meanwhile, a study conducted by Susiati et al.
stated that the existence of nuclear power plants in Indonesia could be the main choice in achieving the NZE (Net Zero Emissio.
To achieve this goal.
NZE strategies and implementation need to be implemented carefully, addressing challenges that emerge over time.
In line with the readiness of the atomic energy development infrastructure, the government and interested parties need to formulate potential locations for nuclear power plants, life cycle management, and electricity integration which are very dependent on the readiness of supporting facilities and infrastructure.
Energy transition is an important part of nuclear power plant development and efforts to meet electricity needs in a sustainable manner.
Even so, nuclear power plants as an option for green energy still need to be reviewed carefully.
148 | P a g e Hidayat.
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May 2024 We cannot ignore that the use of nuclear energy also has risks that need to be considered seriously.
Effective risk management and implementation of high safety standards in the construction and operation of nuclear power plants are fundamental In facing the challenge of climate change, the development of green energy and sustainable development goals are becoming increasingly important.
Nuclear energy has the potential to make a significant contribution if managed wisely.
Understanding the potential and wise use of nuclear energy is a step towards a better future.
We must continue to develop safe and effective technology and manage radioactive waste properly.
In the future, nuclear energy could be a solution to meet increasing global energy needs and reduce carbon emissions.
International cooperation in nuclear technology is essential to ensure safety and security.
In this way, the goal of responsible, sustainable and safe use of nuclear energy can be achieved.
Regarding the construction of nuclear power plants on the island of Bangka.
BATAN continues to conduct feasibility studies in two districts, namely West Bangka and South Bangka.
This province was chosen as a suitable place to build nuclear power plants because this area is free from natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis.
In addition, the province of Bangka Belitung was chosen because of the availability of uranium as a raw material, then the reason for choosing the location was more because it was more strategic, namely closer to the island of Java.
The feasibility study of the nuclear power plant construction site on the island of Bangka is concentrated in West Bangka and South Bangka which has started since 2011.
The plan is that the nuclear power plant in Bangka will be built as a large-scale electricity generator.
However, before the development plan is carried out, there are other aspects that must be considered and also immediately find a solution by the government, together with BATAN, and other parties to think about various aspects of life ranging from technical, economic, to socio-cultural aspects (Al Kadri, 2.
Along with the strengthening of BATAN's plan to build a nuclear power plant in Bangka, which was accompanied by the emergence of various groups who supported and opposed the construction of nuclear power plants with each insisting on its stance.
Those who support development are more concerned with technical and economic considerations.
Meanwhile, the opponents emphasize more on the socio-cultural aspect.
Considering the construction of nuclear power plants from the technical, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions, each supporter and opponent group is busy seeking support from the people of Bangka Belitung.
The political strategy of the network to seek support is what the author interprets as political penetration in social movements.
The technical, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions greatly affect the social perception of the people of Bangka Belitung, especially the issue of nuclear power plants which ultimately determine whether nuclear power plants are feasible or not to be built.
One of the steps that can be taken to change the public's misconception of nuclear and nuclear power plants can be overcome by socializing to the In this community, of course, there are those who support and there are those who oppose the nuclear power plant development plan.
The fact of the difference in dichotomy proves that there is a gap in information about nuclear.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
The Concept of Social Movement A social movement is theoretically a movement born from and on the initiative of the community in an effort to demand changes in institutions, policies or government structures.
Here it can be seen that the demand for change is usually because the government's policy is no longer in accordance with the existing community context or the policy is contrary to the will of some people.
Because social movements are born from society, any shortcomings in the government are in the spotlight.
From the literature on the definition of social movements, there are also those who interpret social movements as an anti-government and pro-government movement.
This means that social movements do not always arise from the community but can also be the result of engineering by government officials or rulers.
A social movement is a joint activity to determine a new order in people's lives.
The emergence of social movements is characterized by the condition of people who are full of anxiety because of feelings of dissatisfaction with daily life due to the desire for a better life.
In terms of the characteristics of the dabat social movement, it is described that there are at least 5 characteristics contained in a movement, including the following:
A movement should involve a large number of individuals attempting to protest a state of affairs through a series of attempts by a number of individuals.
The movement should have the basic requirements of an organization.
A movement must have a relatively broad scope of issues.
The movement may have originated from a small-scale movement, but in the end it is required to be able to influence most of the citizens.
A movement can use a wide variety of tactics to achieve its goals.
These tactics vary in nature, ranging from not using violence to those that use violence.
Although the movement is supported by certain individuals, in the end the goal of the movement is to change the conditions of society, namely for the sake of the common A movement can be interpreted as an effort that is consciously made to bring about And for those involved in it, they may not be aware of their actions, but they still know the main purpose of the movement.
In general, each movement will always be marked with certain characteristics.
Whether or not these characteristic elements are fulfilled or not, at least it can help to determine whether a collective action can be categorized as a social movement.
What is meant by collective behavior is to show unstructured actions of a number of individuals who react to an event or situation in their environment.
The concept of collective behavior can be interpreted as spontaneous actions and actions that contrast with relatively routine things in daily life.
4 Thus collective behavior can include actions of groups that tend to be unstructured, unpredictable, spontaneous, and sometimes unreasonable.
So from this point of view, social movements are actions that are much more rational than actions that are emotional.
1 George Ritzer.
Kenneth C.
Kammeyer, and Norman R.
Yetman.
Sociology.
Experiencing a Changing Society (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1.
3 Michael S.
Bassis.
Richard J.
Gelles, and Ann Levine.
Sociology, an Introduction (New York: Random House, 4 Norman Goodman and Gary T.
Marx.
Society Today, 3d ed.
(New York: Random House, 1.
5 Fadillah Putra Dkk.
Gerakan Sosial.
(Malang.
Averrors Press.
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Anthony Giddens stated that "a social movement is a collective effort to pursue a common interest or a movement to achieve a common goal through collective action outside the scope of established institutions.
5 Thus, it can be concluded that the definition of the concept of social movement from Giddens states that a social movement is a movement that is carried out together in order to achieve a common goal in accordance with the desired by The group or in other words a social movement can be interpreted as a collective action to achieve the desire that is a common ideal.
Furthermore.
Blumer defined social movement as a joint activity to determine a new order in life.
Although the concept of collective behavior can be categorized as a movement, in reality there are some movements that have not succeeded in creating change in society.
However, for the adherents of solidarity mobilization, it is emphasized that a movement may not arise even if there is widespread dissatisfaction among the community.
This is possible because the ability to act collectively is still relatively weak and the possibility of success of the action that will be aspired to in a movement is the smaller the success rate.
RESEARCH METHOD
Type of Research When viewed from the approach used, this research method is a study with a qualitative Qualitative research method is a research method used to research on natural object conditions where the researcher plays a key instrument, with data collection techniques that are carried out in combination and inductive data analysis to obtain research results that emphasize meaning rather than generalization.
Data Collection Techniques Literature research is carried out by searching for and reading various documents and literature in the form of books, journals, and articles that are in accordance with the aspect to be researched.
This study was carried out to obtain a scientific foundation as a support in studying and analyzing research problems.
In addition, literature studies are also carried out to determine the position of the object to be researched through previous or similar existing A document is a record of events that have passed.
Document analysis is an overview of an issue or problem, which can be constructed through documents such as letters, memos, announcements, work results, research results, archives, reports, time tables or time tables, policies, and arrangements.
Data Analysis Techniques Data analysis is one of the processes that are integrated in the implementation of Thus, this activity is closely related to the type of research chosen, the formulation of the problem and research objectives, the type of data, and the theoretical assumptions that underlie the research activity.
Each series and stage in this study is very careful to be able to analyze data so that the research carried out is coherent.
Data analysis in this study was carried out through qualitative descriptive analysis.
Qualitative descriptive data analysis was carried out on the data of the research results.
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RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Political Dynamics in the Construction of Bangka Nuclear Power Plant Politics of the Network of Supporting Nuclear Power Plant Development The polemic of the construction of nuclear power plants on Bangka Island has caused a debate discourse that confuses the public to respond to the nuclear power plant construction plan as a solution to the electricity crisis that is currently hitting the island of Bangka.
The question that then arises in the minds of the community is how should we take a stance whether to support, or openly reject development? If the community supports the nuclear power plant construction project, is the problem only that simple? If the problem is simple, the question is what political deals are carried out by all parties until a joint consensus occurs?.
This chapter of this paper will outline how the pattern of legitimacy networks built by the camps supporting the development of nuclear power plants to influence the As is known, almost all government elite groups, be it the Central Government.
Regional Government, (BATAN.
Ministry of Research and Technology.
Provincial Regional Government.
West Bangka Regency Government, and Regional Government.
South Bangk.
, plus the support of foreign investors from the United States.
South Korea.
Japan, and Slovakia.
They are very eager to carry out various maneuvers to convince all parties of their good intentions to invest in the construction of nuclear power plants on the island of Bangka.
To realize the good intentions of these foreign investors, they work directly with BATAN.
They also embraced the Governor of the Bangka Belitung Islands, the chairman of the Bangka Belitung DPRD along with several Regents for a comparative study to Japan and Slovakia to see firsthand how the two countries' successful experiences in managing nuclear power plants.
11 BATAN's steps with the Provincial and Regency Governments are solely aimed at convincing all Bangka Belitung people about the benefits and safety of nuclear power plants that have been tested in Slovakia and Japan for decades Ever.
This action also answers people's fears and concerns about nuclear dangers.
BATAN
thinks that this step is able to prove and convince the public that nuclear is safe and can be used as one of the alternative energy sources in overcoming the electricity crisis that the community is currently experiencing.
Support for the construction of nuclear power plants also came from several community leaders such as the attitude shown by a former Regional Head.
When he served as Mayor.
Mr.
Zulkarnain was the most enthusiastic in voicing his attitude in support of the construction of nuclear power plants in Bangka as soon as possible.
He said loudly "There must be a strong and binding national decision to be able to regulate the implementation of nuclear power plant construction on Bangka Island.
Because for me, if there is no electrical energy or anything, it is certain that there is no culture that can be In addition, the dynamics that continue to occur, the Head of Sebagin Village.
Mr.
Sudarno, together with all Village Heads in Simpang Rimba District, also showed their attitude to participate in supporting the nuclear power plant development plan.
Meanwhile, a different attitude was shown by Rustam Efendi as the chairman of the DPD PDIP of Bangka Belitung Islands Province at that time who said firmly that if referring to the decree of the DPD PDI P dated March 31, 2011, it was very clear that it was written to reject the plan to establish a nuclear power plant in Bangka Belitung.
As is known.
Rustam Efendi when he served as Deputy Governor of Bangka Belitung, he and his supporting party together united in rejecting the nuclear power plant construction plan.
Even at one of the events held at Aston Soll Marina Bangka.
Rustam Efendi 152 | P a g e Hidayat.
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The appeal for the removal of PDI P cadres who are not in tune with the party line came directly from the Chairman of the Central PDI P DPP Maruar Sirait.
To win the hearts of the community, all means are used by those who support the construction of nuclear power plants in Bangka to attract the sympathy of residents, one way is by offering the concept of "green building".
With this concept, it is hoped that the construction of nuclear power plants can maintain and also be environmentally friendly.
According to the presentation delivered by the Head of BAPPEDA of Bangka Belitung Province Nazalyus, "To realize the development of environmentally friendly nuclear power plants, the government will strive to open access to areas that are still isolated, remote, and One of the flagship programs of the Regional Government is the "Babel Benderang Program", the main goal of this program is to seek the construction of alternative power plants, especially for the poor in remote areas that have not been touched by electricity until Even to convince the public, the Head of BATAN is reportedly ready to live in the reactor area if the nuclear power plant construction project is completed.
According to him.
I have been working for decades in BATAN, but thank God until now my whole family is still healthy until now.
The statement of the Head of BATAN is considered only to answer the anxiety of residents and try to convince the entire Bangka community, that the nuclear power plant is actually safe for the people living around the power plant.
With the presence of the construction of nuclear power plants, it is hoped that the people of Bangka Belitung can reap profits, especially with investors both from within and from abroad.
With a large investment flow on Bangka Island, it is hoped that it will be able to open new jobs for the community around the construction of the nuclear power plant.
addition, another strategy that is tried by the development support camp to attract sympathy is by providing educational scholarships for outstanding students throughout Bangka Belitung.
Where BATAN provides scholarship assistance to 18 of the best high school graduates from Bangka, to continue their education level that is still related to nuclear This step aims to prepare experts and labor for the operation of nuclear power plants in Bangka Belitung.
In an effort to legitimize the network to support the development of nuclear power plants.
BATAN collaborates and collaborates with the University of Bangka Belitung.
This collaboration certainly involves various parties, both lecturers and students through student organizations.
This collaboration is carried out through joint research, especially related to the construction site of nuclear power plants in West Bangka and South Bangka Regencies.
In addition to research with the University of Bangka Belitung.
BATAN also held socialization activities and training of trainers with students and students through the Indonesian Islamic Student Movement / GMII at the Grand Millennium PangkalPinang Movement Against the Development of Bangka Nuclear Power Plant and Its Political Network If we look at the composition of the nuclear power plant rejection network in Bangka, we will see the diversity of actors who voice their rejection.
Starting from environmental NGOs such as Walhi Bangka Belitung, and Green Peace Indonesia.
Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, some members of the Provincial and Regency DPRD, members of the Indonesian House of Representatives in the Bangka Beiltung constituency, political parties.
Village Consultative 153 | P a g e Hidayat.
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Meanwhile, from the intellectuals.
Yusron Ihza Mahendra, who is currently serving as the Indonesian Ambassador to Japan, stated strongly that he rejected the plan to build a nuclear power plant in Bangka Belitung, which is also his Yusron reminded all the people of Bangka Belitung about the dangers of nuclear reactors such as the explosion of nuclear power plants in Chernobyl in Russia, the Bophal incident in India, the monju incident, and the Fukushima incident in Japan.
The attitude of rejection also came from the Bangka Belitung DPRD who crossed out the development plan for the spatial plan/Ranperda RT/RW of the Bangka Belitung area.
Chairman of the Bangka RT/RW Special Committee Beiltung Didit Srigus said there were several reasons for his party to cross out the nuclear power plant construction plan, including because many people were protesting.
18 People who are around the nuclear power plant construction site such as residents of Muntok village, and residents of Menjelang Batu village.
Tanjung Village.
They firmly demanded that the construction of nuclear power towers should be stopped.
The same thing was found in Sebagin village, dozens of representatives of BPD.
LPMD, and community leaders in Sebagin village.
Simpang Rimba District, signed a joint action to reject the construction of nuclear power plants.
The signing process is located right at the South Bangka Regency DPRD building.
In the statement letter, 500 signatures of Sebagin villagers were affixed.
Various rejection efforts were voiced by many components of society, there are several things that can be done by those who reject the construction of the Bangka nuclear power plant.
Walhi Bangka Belitung, for example, seeks support from various parties to jointly reject the nuclear power plant master plan for Bangka.
This support can later be used as legitimacy to continue to hold demonstrations with international NGOs, national NGOs, as well as various mass organizations and student organizations.
The tangible manifestation of the rejection can be seen in the reading of the "People's Declaration against Nuclear Power Plants".
This declaration involved community leaders from Muria.
Jepara.
Madura, and the community of Peseisir village in Muntok.
West Bangka Regency.
On the other hand, many anti-nuclear power plant activists gathered at a cafy in the city of PangkalPinang to declare anti-nuclear power plant action.
The declaration was attended by various crossorganizations such as the national Walhi executive.
Walhi Bangka Belitung, green peace Indonesia.
Rajik Community.
Permis Community.
Sebagin Community.
KOPASSAS.
BEM UBB.
AM2PN.
KBCL.
GEMPAR.
GERAM.
PPDI.
FORUM MAPAN, and FMPL West Bangka, which took the theme "No Nuke Go To Indonesia Energy".
And the results of the declaration will be presented at the "No Nuke Asia Forum Conference" in Seoul.
South Korea.
The action asked for continued support to regional executive and legislative institutions, in this case the Regional Government and the Provincial and Regency/City DPRD.
However, the fact is that the attitude of the Executive/Regional Government tends to choose a diplomatic answer.
This means that they can refuse and can also support the plan to build a nuclear power plant.
This is really different from the firm stance shown by the Legislative institution which openly opposes the plan to build a nuclear power plant on Bangka Island.
Through this representative institution, the community's aspirations are supported and accepted for follow-up.
This attitude of support was expressed by one of the Chairman of the Special Committee on Regional Spatial Planning RT/RW who said, "If indeed this is an aspiration from the people to reject the NPP, then we as people's representatives 154 | P a g e Hidayat.
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Moreover, the voice of the people is represented by the youth and students as the hope of the nation.
The solution chosen by the legislature in overcoming the current electricity crisis is that the legislature prefers alternative energy derived from Bangka natural resources such as hydropower, solar power, biomass derived from palm shells, and sea waves.
The choice of alternative energy chosen by the DPRD is actually in line with the vision and mission of the Governor of Bangka Belitung who wants this area to be free from the electrical energy crisis through a work program.
Power Relations Pro-Con of the Bangka Nuclear Power Plant Development Movement The polemic of nuclear power plant construction in Bnagka Belitung Province has two parties that have the power to influence public attitudes about the nuclear power plant construction plan, the first party is the supporter of the nuclear power plant construction plan, this party is the initiator or party that owns the project, namely BATAN which is then supported by the local government of Bangka Belitung Islands Province, and several district governments on Bangka Island.
The second party is the party that opposes the nuclear power plant development plan, this party is driven by Walhi Bangka Belitung which is supported by Local NGOs.
National NGOs.
CSOs, and Student Organizations.
If we compare the power of the two parties, it is certain that the supporters of the nuclear power plant construction have more power than the opponents.
This advantage is due to the ownership of adequate sources of power such as money, status, and power or position used to influence For example.
BATAN, the Provincial Government, the Regency Government, which of course has dominant power compared to its rivals in fighting for the rejection of the construction of nuclear power plants.
The Government is of course positioned as a state authority that is able to seize influence from the community through the use of the authority of its position and power.
In order to introduce nuclear power plants to the community.
BATAN together with the Regional Government often carry out various socializations related to Nuclear.
And the socialization event is carried out in an educational environment, this activity focuses on understanding nuclear science and technology to students throughout Bangka Belitung.
Not only that.
BATAN provides scholarships to outstanding students in Bangka Belitung.
The scholarship is aimed at students who want to improve their education at various well-known universities in Indonesia, especially in the field of nuclear energy.
Not only that, through the power milowiwi.
BATAN managed to dominate various local mass media in Bangka Belitung.
The dominance of the mass media is carried out to hinder the dissemination of discourse claims about the construction of nuclear power plants by opponents of development.
BATAN's main goal of dominating the local mass media is one of the strategies to get rid of those who oppose the nuclear power plant project.
In its development, the dominance of local mass media is not only owned by BATAN but also carried out by the Regional Government, in this case the Governor and several heads of related agencies.
Meanwhile, on the side of the West Bangka Regency Government, there are Regents and several related Dianas heads.
Meanwhile, in the South Bangka Regency Government, there is a Regent and the head of the relevant Service.
The presence of dominance over the media by the government elite group pays special attention to the production process through legitimacy through the control of the rulers who try to silence 155 | P a g e Hidayat.
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Meanwhile, when compared with socialization activities and accompanied by actions carried out by opponents of the nuclear power plant construction plan, it does not fully rival the influence possessed by the ruling car.
This is because the opposing party has limited access to resources, influence, and authority that includes the ownership of money that is clearly much different.
Where NGOs as a group opposing the nuclear power plant development plan have limited budgets to fight.
The budget owned by the opposition group is usually obtained through member contributions and assistance and from donors who are limited in number.
It is not surprising that then various activities and socialization carried out by the opposition are held simply and as they are and not luxury events in star hotels with funds of tens or even hundreds of millions of rupiah.
The question is how do groups that oppose the construction of nuclear power plants oppose the domination of the local mass media? When looking at the power held by opposition groups, it can be said that it is difficult to carry out a domain over the local mass media.
Various rejection efforts were voiced by many components of society.
There are several steps that can be taken by those who reject the construction of nuclear power plants.
Waalhi Bangka Belitung, for example, seeks support from various parties to jointly reject the nuclear power plant masterpeace for Bangka.
This support can later be used as legitimacy to continue to take action against international, national, and local NGOs, as well as various mass organizations and student organizations.
The real manifestation of this rejection can be seen in the reading of the people's declaration against nuclear power plants.
The declaration involved community leaders, for example from Muria.
Jepara.
Madura.
Permis, and the people of Kampung Pesisir in Mentok.
Furthermore, many anti-nuclear power plant activists gathered at a cafy in Pangkalpinang to declare anti-nuclear power plant action.
The declaration was attended by cross-organizations such as walhi, then the national executive, walhi Babel, green paece, maren, razik community, permis community, sebagin community, kopasass.
BEM-UBB.
AM2PN.
JEC.
KBCL.
Gempar.
Geram.
PPDI.
Forum Mapan, and FMPL Babar, which took the theme "No nuke go to Indonesia energy", and the results of the declaration will be below in the conference "No nuke asia forum conference in Seoul.
South Korea.
The action for support continues to the executive and legislative governments, but the attitude of the executive institutions tends to have diplomatic answers.
This means that it can refuse to support the construction of nuclear power plants.
In contrast to the attitude shown by the legislative body which accepts the aspirations of those who oppose the construction of nuclear power plants.
The support was expressed by the chairman of the Special Committee on Regional Spatial Planning (RT/RW) who said that if indeed the people's voice has rejected the nuclear power plant, then we as people's representatives are obliged to implement the people's voice represented by the youth and students who have discussed with the DPRD.
The solution chosen by the legislature in overcoming the electricity crisis on the island of Bangka is through alternative energy derived from natural resources in Bangka Belitung such as hydropower, solar power, biomass .
alm oil anchor.
and sea waves.
This is actually in line with the vision and mission of the governor of Bangka Belitung who wants to make Bangka Belitung free of electricity crisis through the "Bangka Belitung bbrightang" The bright program aims to overcome the electricity crisis that occurs in Bangka Belitung through environmentally friendly alternative energy.
The target to be achieved is 156 | P a g e Hidayat.
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The electricity crisis continues to occur in Bangka Belitung.
For this reason, the movement to reject the construction of nuclear power plants is seen as a momentum to remind the Governor not to forget the promises that have been made in the past in overcoming the electricity crisis through ways that do not harm the people of Bangka Belitung.
The West Bangka Government, for example, in an effort to overcome the electricity crisis, provided generator assistance to a number of hamlets or villages in West Bangka.
In addition.
West Bangka Regency received assistance from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.
Likewise, the South Bangka Regional Government in order to increase investors to South Bangka, the construction of a coal-fired power plant in Tukak Sadai village.
South Bangka Regency will be planned.
The next question that arises is what is the attitude taken by the Bangka Belitung Regional Government regarding the rampant rejection of the construction of nuclear power plants that are almost evenly distributed throughout the Bangka Belitung area, especially the insistence from the South Bangka student movement and the South Bangka youth union which expressed their rejection of all forms of nuclear power plant construction on Bangka Island.
However, what they do is only in the form of ordinary communication without any cooperation with the mass media as has been done by the supporters of the construction of the nuclear power plant.
Those who support the nuclear power plant development plan are more aggressive in cooperating with various mass media, holding special meetings with various media, for example making nuclear journalism activities.
Even if various socialization activities and demonstrations are held about the nuclear power plant, the party that opposes the construction of the nuclear power plant can only send an invitation letter to the local mass media to report on the demonstration activity.
Meanwhile, the supporters of the construction of nuclear power plants can reach local and national mass media to cover the various socialization activities they are doing.
When we compare the accessibility between supporters and opponents of the construction of the nuclear power plant, it is clear that there is a striking difference between the two parties in responding to the issue of the construction of the Bangka nuclear power With these differences in access, those who support development have more opportunities to produce more discourse claims by building a positive image of nuclear power plant development to the wider community.
Greater access not only provides an opportunity to control awareness and lead public opinion, but can also determine what topics and what discourse content is worthy of being disseminated to the wider The close relationship between the supporters of the construction of the nuclear power plant and the mass media in the news further emphasizes that there has been a dominance over the news that is considered not objective, resulting in the control of good discourse that tries to influence the community to take collective action to reject the construction of the nuclear power plant project on Bangka Island.
CONCLUSION
For groups supporting the construction of nuclear power plants, they will always use the pretext that the construction of nuclear power plants will have an impact on economic growth, with the existence of nuclear power plants it is believed that it can solve the electricity crisis that has been occurring on Bangka Island.
With the resolution of the 157 | P a g e Hidayat.
eScience Humanity Journal4 .
May 2024 electricity problem, it will be able to attract many investors to be willing to develop the economy at the local level.
In addition to arguments about economic growth, the supporters will continue to carry out development that directly touches the people affected by the nuclear power plant construction site in the form of financial assistance compensation.
The presence of nuclear power plants is believed to have a positive impact on energy independence in Indonesia which is expected to be able to align Indonesia's position with developed countries that have used nuclear as electrical energy.
To convince the people of Bangka Belitung about their commitment to nuclear power plant development, the supporters are trying to improve infrastructure.
The readiness of infrastructure facilities includes the concept of safety and environmental friendliness.
One of the ways that will be used by the developer is to use the latest technology, namely the fourth generation nuclear power plant which is not only environmentally friendly, but also declared as clean and cheap nuclear technology.
For those who oppose the construction of nuclear power plants, they still think that radiation and radioactive waste from nuclear power plants are very dangerous to the safety of human life and the environment if at any time there is a leak.
Especially considering the natural conditions of Bangka Belitung which has experienced severe natural damage due to illegal tin mining.
Furthermore, the group that opposes the nuclear power plant thinks that if the construction of the nuclear power plant is still forced, it is considered to add to the list of environmental problems on Bangka Island.
In this study, it was found that there are still dominating activities against local media by the supporters of nuclear power plants.
The concept of domination and control in question is the control over various local media in Bangka Belitung.
The goal of domination is to get the maximum support.
In addition, the mass media is still considered a powerful tool of influence in carrying out social control over the entire community on the issue of nuclear power plant construction on Bangka Island.
Efforts to overcome the electricity crisis with nuclear are more dominated by regional officials, both provincial officials.
As well as regional officials in West Bangka and South Bangka.
For the opponents, it is more dominated by the local community, both the people around the nuclear power plant construction site, as well as the entire Bangka Belitung community.
REFERENCE