AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Vol.
7 No.
, 105-130.
DOI: 10.
21580/al-arbah.
E-ISSN: 2716-2575.
P-ISSN: 2716-3946
Analysis of Factors Influencing Customers Decisions in Taking Murabahah Financing at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Mutiara Rahmah 1.
Muhlis 2.
Kartika Marella Vanni 3 123Walisongo State Islamic University Semarang rm99@gmail.
Abstract Purpose - To study in more depth by identifying the factors that influence customer decisions in taking murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat Indonesia.
Methods - The methods used are quantitative research with data collection through distributing questionnaires.
Method - The method used in this study is qualitative, which is a research approach used to understand social phenomena in depth, from a complex and contextual perspective.
In qualitative research, data is collected in a way that allows researchers to explore the feelings, thoughts, and experiences of respondents, and to understand the context in which the phenomenon Result - The results obtained are that the margin variables, customer knowledge and financing procedures, both partially and simultaneously, have a significant positive influence on customer decisions in taking murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat Indonesia.
Implication - By understanding the factors that influence customer decisions, banks can expand the inclusion of sharia financing to unreached groups, especially in areas with low sharia financial literacy.
Efficient and targeted murabahah financing can encourage the growth of the real sector and support an economy based on Islamic ethics.
Originality - Specifically examines customer decisions on murabahah products at Bank Muamalat Indonesia as the first Islamic bank in Indonesia using a combination of relevant and contextual variables combined with the use of actual primary data based on direct customer experience.
With the hope of filling the gap in previous research that has not linked these factors comprehensively in Islamic financial institutions.
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Mutiara Rahmah.
Muhlis.
Kartika Marella Vanni Keywords:
Murabahah Financing.
Margin.
Customer Knowledge.
Financing Procedure.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A Introduction Before making a decision, a person will first identify whether something is a need or just a desire.
A person tends to want an item because it is influenced by existing needs.
Therefore, a person will reconsider whether the item is AL-ARBAH | 107 really to meet the need or just a desire.
After recognizing their needs, customers will try to find information about the goods needed, customers also need advice from family, friends, neighbors and also advertisements.
(Andriani et al.
, 2.
The decision to make a purchase is a person's attitude to buy or use a product, either goods or services, that they believe will satisfy them and they are willing to bear the risks that may arise.
(Rosanti, 2.
The decision-making process begins with the need to be fulfilled.
Fulfillment of this need is related to several alternatives so that an evaluation is needed that aims to obtain the best alternative from the customer's In this comparison process, customers need information on the amount and level of importance depending on the customer's needs and the situation they are facing.
Decision-making is done by using the principle of balancing the positive and negative sides of a product .
oods/service.
or finding the best solution from the perspective of customers that have been used and will be re-evaluated.
According to Sudaryono, there are four types of customer financing processes, namely: First, the complex decision-making process, which occurs if high interest involvement in decision-making occurs.
Second, the brand loyalty process, which occurs when repeated choices occur where customers learn from past experiences and buy brands that provide satisfaction with little or no consideration process in decision-making.
Third, the limited decision-making process, where customers usually make decisions even though they do not have high interest involvement, they only have past experience of the product.
Fourth, the inertia process , where the level of interest is low and there is no decision-making.
(Dr.
Sudaryono, 2.
Financing is a system used by Islamic banking in distributing customer Financing in Islamic banking is classified into various types.
Profit AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Mutiara Rahmah.
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Kartika Marella Vanni sharing financing , lease financing ( ijarah ) etc.
The following is the total financing based on the type of Islamic bank contract:
Figure 1.
Development of Total Islamic Bank Financing AL-ARBAH | 108 pembiayaan yoy Source: official website of the financial services authority, reprocessed The graph above shows that in general the total financing in Islamic banking has experienced an increasing trend from year to year for four Starting in 2021, the total financing was 409,878 billion, in 2022 it was 491,489, in 2023 it was 568,436, and in 2024 it was 596,295.
Bank Mumalat Indonesia, commonly known as BMI, is the first Islamic bank in Indonesia.
BMI was established on November 1, 1991 and began operating on May 1, 1992.
The establishment of BMI was initiated by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and the Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals (ICMI) as well as the support of the government and several Muslim entrepreneurs.
(Noor, 2.
The idea of establishing a bank based on sharia principles in Indonesia began with the issuance of a banking policy in October 1998 known as the 88 pact which provided freedom in establishing a bank, from this policy many new banks were established, but most of them were owned by China and non-Muslims, while the funds collected came from AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A Muslims, this is where the problem arises regarding the status of bank interest which is considered the same as usury.
Bank Muamalat Indonesia emerged due to the development of economic activities of the community that require institutions to manage money based AL-ARBAH | 109 on Islamic sharia.
BMI not only provides financing and services like conventional banks, but can provide financing and services that are generally provided for use by non-bank financial institutions.
The contribution given by BMI to the economy in Indonesia is also very large.
The following image shows the development of financing data distributed by Bank Muamalat Indonesia.
Figure 2.
Development of Bank Muamalat Indonesia Financing .
n pembiayaan yoy Source: official website of Bank Muamalat, data reprocessed Based on the graph above, it can be seen that in the last five years, financing at Bank Muamalat has shown a downward trend, in 2020 the total financing 077 billion, dropping drastically in 2021 with a total financing of 18.
billion and stagnating in 2022 with a total financing of 18.
822 billion.
In 2023, there was an increase of 22.
465 billion, but it dropped drastically again in 2024 763 billion.
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Mutiara Rahmah.
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Kartika Marella Vanni Table 6.
Financing Based on Contract Type
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Contract
Murabahah
251,41
258,84
21,71%
2,95%
Musarakah 229,85 282,51 19,54% 22,89% Mudharabah
10,77
12,45
1,51%
15,64%
Qardh
14,31
16,35
13,94%
14,26%
Ijarah
8,33
9,85
15,92%
18,27%
Istisna
3,27
4,07
20,87%
24,54%
Multijasa
1,21
1,39
30,93%
15,46%
Salam
2,14
Total
521,32
585,46
Source: official website of the financial services authority, data reprocessed Financing for buying and selling is a system that implements the transfer of ownership of goods or objects where the customer will offer the goods first and then the bank will buy them, so the goods purchased are in the name of the The amount of profit obtained by the bank is determined in advance based on an agreement between the two parties.
(Ahadini et al.
, 2.
Murabahah financing is the product that is most in demand by customers, this can be seen in the table above.
Where murabahah financing is ranked 1st with a nominal value of 251.
41 trillion in 2022 but in the following year it decreased 84 trillion.
Reni Furwanti in her research found that selling price has a significant influence while margin does not have a significant influence on customer This indicates that the selling price applies generally to customers so that if the selling price increases, customer interest will also increase and vice AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A While in determining the margin level, it is more directed at the customer's personality which makes the treatment of each customer different.
The two things above, namely selling price and margin, are determining factors in determining the selling price, therefore they are indicators that customers AL-ARBAH | 111 consider in making financing decisions.
(Furwanti, 2.
Asep Suryanto and Adah Sa'adah stated that the decision to take financing by customers is motivated by various things, namely the image of the company's environment, reference groups, customer needs, personal work support, and customer perceptions regarding the sharia of Islamic financial institutions.
(Suryanto & SaAoadah, 2.
Research by Annisah Dina Muthi'ah and Aqidah Asri Suwarsi stated that customer needs have a significant positive effect on murabahah financing decision-making, customer income does not have a significant effect on murabahah financing decision-making, customer knowledge has a significant positive effect on murabahah financing decision-making, while customer perception does not have a significant effect on murabahah financing decisionmaking.
The quality of financing products is generally unknown to customers, therefore it is better to improve the product brand image, especially in terms of product quality and service quality so that customers continue to (MuthiAoah et al.
, 2017.
Duduh Sujana in his research stated that murabahah financing agreement and profit margin have a significant influence on customer purchasing Facts in the field show that the level of public literacy about financing agreements and profit margins is good regarding murabahah financing.
(Sujana, 2.
Meanwhile, research by Nurul Dewi Andriani et al.
states that customer knowledge and religiosity do not have a significant influence on financing decision making while profit margin has a significant influence on financing decision making.
This shows that the calculation of margins does not burden customers so that the level of customer trust is increasing in making financing decisions.
(Andriani et al.
, 2.
Based on the description above, it is known that the total financing trend in Islamic banking has increased from year to year.
However, it is different AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Kartika Marella Vanni from the total financing trend experienced by Bank Muamalat Indonesia which tends to decrease with murabahah financing being the favorite financing in Islamic banks.
In addition, there is a gap in ideas between researchers and each other so that further study is needed regarding what factors are considered by customers in making murabahah financing decisions at Bank Muamalat
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Indonesia.
Literature Review Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) This theory is the most commonly used theory when associated with a person's decisions in the financial field.
TPB was developed by Icek Ajzen as an extension of the Theory of Reasoned Action.
This is one of the most widely used models to explain how attitudes, social norms, and perceptions of self-control influence a person's intentions and behavior.
Individual decisions are influenced by several factors, namely Attitude .
ttitude towards behavio.
, a person's belief that the behavior has positive or negative results, accompanied by an evaluation of the value of those results.
Subjective norm .
ocial/environmental influenc.
The level of social pressure to perform or not perform a behavior.
Perceived behavioral control .
erception of self-control over action.
Perception of the ease or difficulty of carrying out the behavior.
Fishbein.
, & Ajzen.
, 1.
Margin Margin is the profit or gain obtained by the bank from the results of sales transactions with the buyer.
(S.
Basu, 2.
According to Sudarsono in his book entitled Economic Dictionary, that margin is an amount of money deposited from the total price of securities that have been ordered by the buyer to the receivables for the receivables guarantee from the possibility of loss.
AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A (Sudarsono, 2.
According to Adi Warman Karim, margin is the difference in the price of income from goods that are resold with the condition of a certain profit or percentage with payments set per year, if calculated daily in a year 360 days and if calculated per month as much as 12 months.
(Karim.
AL-ARBAH | 113 2.
Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that margin is a percentage of the difference between the selling price and the purchase price, the amount of which has been determined at the time of making a financing agreement on both parties with a return in the form of installments every month until the specified time limit.
Decree of the Minister of State for Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises No: 91/Kep/M.
KUMI/IX/2004 and fatwa of DSN MUI No.
04/DSNMUI/IV/2000 concerning murabahah that the determination of margins and profit sharing in the sharia system is greatly influenced by the following factors:(Ahmad, 2.
Types of goods The profit margin for popular items will definitely be higher than for ordinary items.
Comparator By looking at the percentage or margin level, we can find out whether the margin difference is still competitive or not.
Partner's reputation in previous financing Reputation with previous creditors, such as the stipulations and smoothness of installment payments, can show the level of margin that has been set, whether the margin is sufficient or too high.
Measuring instrument Apart from the above, you must have a measuring tool or formula that can balance income and operational expenses.
The margin indicators are as follows:(P.
Kotler, 2.
AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Kartika Marella Vanni Not burdensome, the margin set by the bank does not burden customers in carrying out financing.
Competitive advantage, having a competitive advantage due to low
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Different characteristics, the selling price set has different characteristics from conventional financing.
Facilitates Calculations, the set margin makes it easier for customers to calculate prices.
Comparably, the administration set is proportional to the size of the Customer Knowledge Knowledge is all information known and stored in the mind of the In general, knowledge is all information stored in a person's But in the context of customers, knowledge refers to all information relevant to the role of the customer, including experiences and products or services owned by the customer.
Knowledge can be understood as a collection of information stored in memory.
(Dwiastuti, 2.
Knowledge is the result of "knowing" and this process occurs after someone senses a particular object.
Sensing occurs through the five human senses, namely: sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
Most human knowledge is obtained through the eyes and ears.
Therefore, consumer knowledge will influence purchasing decisions.
Consumer knowledge affects behavioral patterns, the level of knowledge that consumers have determines how well consumers process information, make considerations, and make decisions.
In terms of offering goods or services, the information that the public has about the goods or services will affect consumer behavior in purchasing the goods or services.
There are several types of knowledge, including the following:
Product knowledge AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A Product knowledge is consumer knowledge of a product to be purchased, so that the information obtained from a product will be various information.
Product knowledge is divided into three, namely:
Knowledge of product attributes Knowledge about product benefits Consumer knowledge of the product Purchasing knowledge Purchasing knowledge includes knowledge about where to buy a product, about how to buy it and also knowledge of distribution channels, and also includes various pieces of information that consumers have that are related to obtaining the product.
Usage knowledge A product will provide benefits if the product has been used or consumed by consumers.
Knowledge of use includes information contained in memory on how the product can be used from something needed to actually use the Knowledge also includes all information about how the product is used and what is needed.
The knowledge variable has six indicators as follows:(Nasir, 2.
Know.
Knowing means remembering material that has been studied Understanding (Comprehensio.
Understanding is the ability to explain correctly and interpret correctly.
Application.
Application is the ability to use learned material in real Analysis.
Analysis is the ability to describe material into components.
Evaluation.
Evaluation is the ability to assess an object.
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Kartika Marella Vanni Financing Procedures Financing is funding provided by one party to another party to help planned investments by themselves or institutions.
In other words, financing is funding issued to help planned investments.
(Ulpah, 2.
Financing based AL-ARBAH | 116 on sharia principles is the activity of providing funds and goods from the bank to customers in accordance with an agreement that requires customers to return the borrowed funds after a certain period of time with profit sharing that is based on sharia principles such as mudharabah, murabahah, musyarakah and ijarah.
(Supriyadi, 2.
Financing procedures are a description of the nature or method for carrying out financing activities.
The difference with a program is that a program states what must be done, while a procedure talks about how to carry it out.
Every bank customer who is involved in financing must go through a healthy financing procedure, including financing approval procedures, administrative procedures, and financing supervision procedures.
(Rusdan dan Antoni, 2.
The principle of financing analysis is used as a guideline in making a decision based on the 5C formula, including:(Hamonangan, 2.
Character.
This means the personality and character of the customer applying for financing.
Capacity.
This means the customer's ability to run a business and also to repay the loan.
Capital.
This means the amount of capital required by the borrower, because the greater the funds involved by the borrower, the greater the bank's trust.
Collaborative.
This means that the collateral owned by the borrower will be given to the bank.
Condition.
This means the condition of the borrower's business in the AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A In the book Mudrajat Kuncoro in Widhiani and Oktriawan, it is stated that the indicators for financing procedures are as follows:(Wawan Oktriawan Wawan, 2.
Financing Realization is the bank's approval to disburse the AL-ARBAH | 117 applicant's financing request, in accordance with previously agreed Ease of procedure is the ease of obtaining financing, meaning that the bank makes it easy for borrowers to take out financing or the bank makes it easier for people to access cheap funds in the form of The speed of implementation is the speed in taking financing at the Because with a satisfactory speed of implementation will make customers come back to take financing on another day.
Requirements are interpreted as conditions when a customer wants to take out financing.
Requirements must be met between the bank and the Customer Decision According to Asep and Sa'adah, consumer purchasing decisions are purchases of the most preferred products.
However, there are two factors that can arise between the intention to buy and making a purchasing decision that may change the intention.
The first factor is the attitude of others, and the second factor is an unexpected situation.
(Asep Suryanto dan Adah SaAoadah, 2.
According to Peter and Olson, consumer decision making is a problemsolving process that is directed at the target.
It is even clearer to state that the core of decision making is the integration process that combines knowledge to evaluate two or more alternative behaviors, and choose one of them.
(Mamang Sangadji, 2.
According to Kotler, the decision to buy taken by the buyer is actually a collection of a number of decisions.
Of the various factors that influence consumer factors in making purchases of a product or service, consumers usually always consider quality, price and products that are already AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Every decision to buy has a structure of seven components.
These components are :(P.
Kotler, 2.
Decision on product type
Decisions about product form
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Decisions about brands Decision on sale Decision on product quantity Decision about the time of purchase Decision about payment method In the decision to buy goods, consumers often involve several parties in the exchange or purchase process.
Generally there are five types of roles that a person can play.
Sometimes these five roles are held by one person, but often these roles are played by several people.
According to Colin and Richard, there are five individual roles in making a decision, namely:(P.
dan G.
Kotler, 2.
Initiator: an individual who has the initiative to purchase a particular item or who has a need or desire but does not have the authority to do so themselves.
Or a person who proposes the idea of purchasing a product or service.
People who influence .
: people who influence the decision to buy intentionally or unintentionally.
Decision maker: the person who decides whether to buy or not, what to buy, how to buy, when and where to buy.
Buyer: the person who makes the actual purchase.
User: the person who uses the product or service.
According to Kotler and Armstrong, decisions can be measured using five indicators, namely:
Problem introduction AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A The purchasing process takes place when consumers realize that there is a problem or need triggered by internal and external factors.
Information search When consumers already know and understand their problems or needs.
AL-ARBAH | 119 consumers will be motivated to seek information to solve existing problems or Alternative evaluation When consumers get various information, consumers will evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of murabahah financing to overcome the problems they are facing.
Buying decision Consumers decide to take out murabahah financing as the right choice.
Post-purchase behavior Consumer opinion to determine satisfaction or dissatisfaction of products that have been purchased and decided by consumers.
If satisfied then there is an opportunity to take financing again and will tend to recommend to others.
But if consumers are disappointed will take negative actions.
Murabahah Murabahah is one of the muamalah contracts in the form of buying and Etymologically, murabahah comes from Arabic, namely Ar Ribhu, which means profit or additional obtained from the results of buying and selling transactions.
Meanwhile, according to the terminology of sharia economic law experts, murabahah is explained as buying and selling at an initial price plus a number of profits that have been agreed upon together.
(Abdurrakhman Masykur, 2.
Based on the sale and purchase contract, the bank buys goods needed by the customer and then sells them to the customer concerned at the acquisition price plus the agreed profit margin.
Murabahah is defined by the fuqaha as the selling price is the same as the purchase price of the goods with the addition of a mark-up or profit margin.
AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Mutiara Rahmah.
Muhlis.
Kartika Marella Vanni The characteristic of murabahah is that the seller must inform the buyer about the purchase price of the product and also inform the profit added to the (Wiroso, 2.
The verse of the Quran regarding the murabahah contract is written in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 275 which reads:
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a AaO aOaa acA A EaEaa aa acI aNeaIA a a A aaN E acO e aaI Ia Iaa eE aIA ae AaE E aaIa aO aC eOaaI acEA a ca AE aO aC eO aI eOIaa A a a AEOaA a Aa acE aO aeI aOe aE aE eO aIA a aAO aA aI eaI a aaN aI eOA A a aI eaI ac a aNA a AEA a AEA aa AO aOa a acaEA a AcEE eE aO ae aO a acaaIA a AaC aE eeOa a acI aIa eE a eO aa Ia e aaEA aA aO aI eaI a aA a OE aiOEaa A A aNeaI aA eO aNa aE eaO aIA a AA aa AAeaa E acIA a AcEEA aa AOA a AA aOa eI aeeaN a aEA aa AO aA aE aN aIa a aEA a a eIaNA AuThose who consume usury cannot stand except as one who staggers because of a devil who has possessed him.
That is because they say that buying and selling is the same as usury.
Whereas Allah has permitted buying and selling and forbidden usury.
Whoever is reminded by his Lord .
egarding usur.
, then he stops until what he has acquired becomes his and his affair is with Allah.
Whoever repeats .
sury transaction.
, those are the people of the Fire.
They will abide therein forever.
Ay (QS Al- Baqarah: .
There are several things that must be present first so that the contract is considered valid and also binding.
Some of these things are the pillars of buying and selling.
The majority of scholars have determined that there are 4 pillars of buying and selling, including:(Afandi, 2.
Ba'i .
Jupiter .
Mabi' .
raded good.
Price .
rice of good.
Ijab Qabul .
The sale and purchase will be considered valid if it has met the specified The conditions of murabahah are as follows:(Ghazaly, 2.
The conditions for entering into a contract .
a'I and mustra.
are legal and not under duress.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A Goods sold .
do not include goods that are unlawful in terms of type or quantity.
The price of goods .
must be stated transparently and the method of payment clearly mentioned.
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The handover statement .
jab qabu.
must be clear by specifically mentioning the parties who entered into the agreement.
Methods The research method used in this study is quantitative.
Quantitative research is a study that collects data using research instruments, data analysis is quantitative/statistical in nature with the aim of testing the hypothesis.
(Sugiyono, 2.
The population in this study were all murabahah financing customers of Bank Muamalat Indonesia.
The number of samples in this study was 85 respondents.
The data collection technique used in this study is using a questionnaire.
Data collection is carried out in the form of closed questions where the questionnaire has provided alternative answers to each question item.
In the implementation of filling in later respondents are only asked to choose one answer that is suitable for the situation experienced.
The scale of measurement of the questionnaire is using a five-answer Likert scale.
Results and Discussion Validity Test If the calculated r value is greater than the r table using a significance level of 5%, then each statement is considered valid.
From the results of the Validity Test conducted totaling 19 question items, it shows that the calculated r value is > r-table, so it can be concluded that the results of the validity test are valid.
Reliability Test Reliability test is intended to measure a questionnaire which is an indicator of a variable.
Reliability is measured by Cronbach's alpha statistical test by comparing the Alpha value with its standard.
The reliability of a variable is said AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Kartika Marella Vanni to be good if it has a Cronbach's alpha> 0.
The results of the study showed that the Cronbach alpha value for each variable was greater than 0.
6 so it can be concluded that the entire variable instrument used to find respondent data in this study was declared reliable and produced consistent answer values.
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Normality Test Test Normality is used to determine whether the independent variables, namely margin, customer knowledge and financing procedures and the dependent variable, namely customer decisions, are normally distributed.
Based on the results of the normality test, it is known that the significance value 200> 0.
So it can be concluded that the residual value is normally Heteroscedasticity Test The heteroscedasticity test aims to test whether there is inequality in the variance of the residuals or other observations in the regression model.
Heteroscedasticity causes the regression model to be inefficient and In this test, it is identified by the significance value between the independent variable and the absolute residual which is greater than 0.
meaning that there are no symptoms of heteroscedasticity.
Based on the results of the study, it is known that the margin level variable (X.
has a significance value of 0.
871, which is more than 0.
The customer knowledge variable (X.
has a significance value of 0.
765, more than 0.
Then the financing procedure variable (X.
has a significance value of 0.
939, more than So it can be concluded that there are no symptoms of heteroscedasticity for the three variables used in the study.
Multicollinearity Test Multicollinearity test is used to determine whether there is multicollinearity, can be seen from the tolerance and VIF values.
Multicollinearity is not found in the data when the tolerance value is > 0.
10 and VIF < 10.
Based on the results of the multicollinearity test above, it can be seen AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Analysis of Factors Influencing A that the margin level variable (X.
has a tolerance value of 0.
592 and a VIF value of 1.
The customer knowledge variable (X.
has a tolerance value of 610 and a VIF value of 1.
The financing procedure variable (X.
has a tolerance value of 0.
614 and a VIF value of 1.
Based on these results, it is AL-ARBAH | 123 concluded that the three independent variables get tolerance values > 0.
10 and VIF values < 10, meaning that each variable does not experience symptoms of Multiple Linear Regression Test The relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, either partially or simultaneously, can be determined using multiple linear regression tests.
Y = a B1X1 B2X2 B3X3 e Y = 4.
699 e The results of the multiple linear regression test processed using SPSS 22 can be concluded as follows:
The constant value ( ) is 4,086.
It can be concluded that when the independent variables, namely margin level (X.
, customer knowledge (X.
and financing procedures (X.
do not exist, the dependent variable of the murabahah financing customer decision is 4,086 basis points.
The regression coefficient value of the margin variable (X.
This means that every 1 unit increase in the margin level variable will increase the decision to take murabahah financing by 0.
101 basis The regression coefficient value on the customer knowledge variable (X.
This means that every 1 unit increase in the customer knowledge variable will increase the decision to take murabahah financing by 0.
184 basis points.
AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
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Kartika Marella Vanni The coefficient value of the financing procedure variable (X.
This means that every 1 unit increase in the financing procedure variable will increase the decision to take murabahah financing by 0.
Coefficient of Determination (R Squar.
AL-ARBAH | 124 A number that shows how much percentage of the independent variable can explain the dependent variable.
The higher the coefficient of determination, the better the independent variable is in explaining the dependent variable.
The following is a table of the results of the determination coefficient test (R.
Table 2.
Determination Coefficient Test Model Summary b Adjusted R Std.
Error of Model R Square Square the Estimate Source: Primary Data Processed by SPSS 22 Based on the output above, it shows that the determination coefficient (R Squar.
802 and the adjusted determination coefficient (R.
It can be concluded that the margin variables (X.
, customer knowledge (X.
and financing procedures (X.
can explain the financing decision variable (Y) with a value of 0.
795 or 79.
5% and the remaining 20.
5% is influenced by other factors outside this study.
Simultaneous Test (F) The F (Simultaneou.
test is used to simultaneously test whether variable X has an effect on variable Y.
The simultaneous test is seen from the ANOVA output of multiple linear regression results by comparing F count with F table.
The formula for determining F table uses the first degree of freedom or horizontally to the side Df1 = (K-.
which is 4-1 = 3, and the second degree of AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
7 No.
Analysis of Factors Influencing A freedom Df2 = .
= 85 - 3 = 82, seen in the f distribution table, the value of 82 in column 3 is 2.
The following are the results of the test with SPSS 22:
Table 3.
F Test Results AL-ARBAH | 125 ANOVA a Model Sum of Squares Df Mean Square Sig.
1 Regression 419,050 139,683 109,576 .
Residual 103,256 Total
522,306
Source: Primary data processed by SPSS 22 The calculated F value is 109.
576 > Ftable 2.
72, so it can be concluded that simultaneously or together the independent variables of margin level, customer knowledge and financing procedures have a significant influence on customer decisions in taking financing.
Partial Test .
The t-test is used to determine whether the independent variable partially has a real effect on the dependent variable.
The significance value used in this test is 0.
Table 4.
t-Test Results Coefficients a Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients Coefficients Model Std.
Error 1 (Constan.
Margin Customer Knowledge Financing Procedures Beta Sig.
9,353
Source: Primary data processed by SPSS 22 AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
7 No.
Mutiara Rahmah.
Muhlis.
Kartika Marella Vanni Based on testing with SPSS, the following conclusions can be drawn:
AL-ARBAH | 126
In this test, the margin variable shows a t count result of 3.
247 > t table 1.
with a significance value of 0.
002 < 0.
05, then the margin level variable (X.
has a significant positive effect.
So it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant effect of the margin level variable on the decision to take murabahah financing.
This is because the calculation of the margin level in Islamic banking is considered not to burden customers, therefore it affects the high level of public trust in making decisions to take financing at Islamic banks.
Customer knowledge variable (X.
with t count result 3.
876 > t table 1.
and significance value 0.
000 < 0.
05, then customer knowledge variable has positive and significant influence on murabahah financing decision.
It is known that the facts in the field show that customers generally already have good level of knowledge related to murabahah financing so that it will influence customer decision in financing decision.
Financing procedure variable (X.
with t count result 9.
353 > t table 1.
and significance value 0.
000 < 0.
05, then the financing procedure variable has a positive and significant influence on the decision to take murabahah financing.
This shows that in conducting financing analysis.
Islamic banking already has appropriate and clear procedures so that it will influence customer decisions in making financing decisions.
Conclusion Based on the results of the analysis and discussion on the influence of margin levels, customer knowledge and financing procedures on customer decisions to take murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat Indonesia, it can be concluded that the margin variable (X1 ) has a positive and significant effect on customer decisions to take murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat KCU Semarang.
This is evidenced by the t-test with a significance value of 0.
<0.
05 and a t-count value of 3.
247 greater than t-table 1.
The customer AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking Ae Vol.
7 No.
Analysis of Factors Influencing A knowledge variable (X2 ) has a positive and significant effect on customer decisions to take murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat KCU Semarang.
This is evidenced by the t-test with a significance value of 0.
000 <0.
05 and a t-count value of 3.
876 greater than t-table 1.
And the financing procedure variable AL-ARBAH | 127 (X3 ) has a positive and significant effect on customer decisions to take murabahah financing at Bank Muamalat KCU Semarang.
This can be seen from the t-test with a significance value of 0.
000 < 0.
05 and a calculated t value of 353 which is greater than the t-table of 1.
Factors such as bank reputation, profit margin, ease of process, and sharia compliance have a significant impact on customer decisions.
This needs to be the focus of marketing and service strategies to encourage an increase in the amount of financing.
It must also be adjusted to the principles of fairness and risk-sharing with the target of strengthening the productive financing sector.
References