ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
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Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan The Relationship Between Diet and the Incidence of Acne Vulgaris Among Preclinical Medical Students at Medical Faculty of Unizar I Gusti Bagus Tanaya Kasibhara Aryawangsa1.
Angelica Vanini Winata T.
Nadira Yumna1.
Icha Aisyah1 Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar.
Mataram.
Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Indonesia (Email: aryawangsatanaya@gmail.
Date of Submission 22 November 2022
Date of Accepted 08 December 2022
Date of Publish
25 June 2023
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of acne vulgaris in Indonesia is quite a lot experienced by college The many routines of medical students are one of the factors for irregular dietary habits and rest patterns, which can lead to acne vulgaris.
This study aims to determine the association between dietary habits and the incidence of acne vulgaris in among preclinical students of Medical Faculty of Al Azhar Islamic University.
Mataram (Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar: FK UNIZAR) in 2019, 2020, and 2021.
This study used a cross-sectional study, assessed dietary habits with questionnaires tested for validity and reliability, and made facial observations to assess the gradation of acne vulgaris based on the Lehmann gradation.
The data obtained were analysed using SPSS Version 23 & statistical tests using the Chi-Square method.
Based on the analysis results using the Chi-Square Test, the p-value is 0.
There was no significant association between diet and the incidence of acne vulgaris in FK UNIZAR preclinical students.
It is hoped that future researchers can formulate other variables and increase the number and variety of respondents.
Keywords: Dietary Habits.
Acne Vulgaris.
Medical Student.
INTRODUCTION
Kalimantan Utara (North In Indonesia, the prevalence of Kalimanta.
, with a prevalence of Acne Vulgaris is approximately 85- 3% to less than 89.
7%, followed by 100%, with the highest occurrence Nusa among adolescents ranging from 47% to Tenggar.
with a prevalence of 74.
4% to The number of individuals with less than 78.
Acne vulgaris is more acne vulgaris in Indonesia increased common among women .
7%) than consecutively in 2006, 2007, and 2009, men .
3%) in the age group of 16-25 with rates of 60%, 80%, and 90%.
Tenggara Barat (West Nusa According to the Global From the above prevalence.
Burden of Disease Study in 2019, the adolescents are highly susceptible to provinces with the highest prevalence acne vulgaris.
Medical students with Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan busy schedules and numerous activities accurate and personalized information must have time management skills.
The regarding the relationship between diet condition often leads medical students to and acne vulgaris.
work on their assignments until late or stay up all night while enjoying snacks RESEARCH METHOD due to hunger that arises during late This quantitative research with hours caused by an increase in the a cross-sectional study design occurred hunger-regulating hormone ghrelin, and at the Medical Faculty.
Al-Azhar it can be one of the factors contributing Islamic to the occurrence of acne vulgaris since UNIZAR).
The study lasted from dietary patterns are one of the factors Tuesday.
August 16th to Saturday, that can trigger acne vulgaris (Mila August 19th, 2022.
The population for Mauliza et al.
, 2.
this study consisted of preclinical University.
Mataram
(FK
According to Syahputra et al.
students of FK UNIZAR, from the .
, there is a significant relationship cohorts of 2019, 2020, and 2021, between diet and the occurrence of acne totaling 282 individuals.
The sample for this study was selected from the fast-food preclinical students of FK UNIZAR, high-fat Dietary from the cohorts of 2019, 2020, and considered one of the many factors that 2021, based on inclusion and exclusion can trigger acne vulgaris, especially when consuming nuts, fried foods, determined using the Slovin formula.
chocolate, cheese, and a significant The collected data will be processed amount of milk.
However.
Husna .
and analyzed using software tools.
The argues that dietary patterns are not Software Statistical Package for relevant to acne vulgaris.
Similarly.
The Social Sciences (SPSS) is a according to Hasan et al .
, there is powerful data management and analysis software package commonly used for dietary patterns and the occurrence of statistical analysis.
The analysis method acne vulgaris.
Please note that the used in this case is the Chi-Square test.
provided information is based on the In the context of Confidence Interval in search results, and different studies may research, if the P-value is less than 0.
it means that the null hypothesis (H.
is rejected (P-value O ), indicating a significant relationship.
On the other Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan hand, if the P-value is greater than or equal to 0.
05, it means that the null hypothesis (H.
is accepted (P-value Ou respondents .
%), with more females ), indicating no significant relationship.
than males.
Regarding the academic .
%) year, the highest number of respondents.
RESULTS 70, was from the 2019 cohort .
%).
The study took place from August 16-19, 2022, covering the while the lowest number, 44, was from the 2020 cohort .
%).
academic years of 2019, 2020, and The participants completed a questionnaire, and observations were made in Classroom 5 at the FK
UNIZAR
Table 1.
Respondents' Characteristics Respondents Frequen Percenta Characterist ge (%) Age 19 years 20 years 21 years 22 years 23 years 24 years Sex Female Males Batch Based on the table above, the characteristics of the respondents based on age were obtained, with the highest Table 2.
Univariate Analysis of Acne Vulgaris Severity Frequency Knowledge Number Percentage .
(%) No Acne Mild Moderate Sever Total Based on the data obtained from 165 respondents, it was found that 49 %) did not have acne, while 78 respondents .
%) had mild moderate acne, and there were no respondents or 0 respondents .
%) who had severe acne.
Table 3.
Univariate Analysis of Dietary Factors Frequency Knowledge Number Percentage .
(%) Good Less Good Total number being 48 respondents aged 19 Based on the data obtained from 165 respondents, it was found that there respondents aged 24 .
%).
As for Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan were 43 respondents .
%) who had a .
%) who had a poor eating pattern.
good eating pattern and 122 respondents Table 4.
Bivariate Analysis of the Relationship between Diet and Acne Vulgaris Variable Good Diet
Less Diet
No Acne
Mild
Moderate Severe 5,5% 23 13,9% 11 6,7% 26,1% Good 40 24,2% 54 32,7% 28 17% Total
122 73,9%
PPR
Value 0,143 0,543 49 29,7% 77 46,7% 39 23,6% 165 100% The the Chi-Square test, a p-value or Asymp.
obtained based on the bivariate analysis A sig of 0.
143 was obtained since the of 165 respondents.
Nine respondents value of Asymp.
Sig > 0.
05 indicates no .
5%) had an excellent dietary pattern significant relationship exists between and did not have acne, while 23 dietary patterns and acne vulgaris among respondents .
9%) had an excellent preclinical students FK UNIZAR in the 2019, 2020, and 2021 cohorts.
Additionally, 11 respondents .
7%) had DISCUSSION moderate acne.
On the other hand, 40 The right food choices require respondents .
2%) had less good dietary patterns but did not have acne.
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Habits Among them, 54 respondents .
and food choices are essential in human had a less good dietary pattern with mild health, especially facial health.
acne, and 28 respondents .
%) had a Based on the research conducted less good one with moderate acne.
The by Hasan et al.
, .
, the majority of respondents sampled in this study have a diet classified as poor, with a total of respondents .
%) frequently consumed 122 respondents .
%) falling into this soda or artificial sweeteners, while the This high number indicates remaining 137 respondents .
%) did that most respondents need healthier, nutritious eating habits.
On the other Based on the analysis using hand, 43 respondents .
%) in this study Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
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36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan have a good diet.
Therefore, the dominant result is respondents with a Tsuraya et al.
, processed foods The Furthermore, according to respondents with a poor diet is due to temperature and spicy, such as sambal, also have a significant relationship with regarding regular eating patterns due to acne vulgaris.
busy schedules, coursework, campus Therefore, the results of this activities, and other personal reasons study, along with several other studies (Khairiyah, 2.
mentioned above, indicate that patients This finding is consistent with with poor dietary habits are at a higher the research conducted by Suppiah et al.
risk of acne vulgaris than patients with .
, which states that students with poor eating habits and suffering from Preventing the potential occurrence of acne vulgaris are often consuming foods acne vulgaris can be done by taking care that contain carbohydrates, processed of oneself and consuming only healthy dairy products, sugar or sweet foods and food and drinks.
Adopting a healthy drinks, oily foods, high glycemic index lifestyle with sufficient sleep and regular exercise can also reduce and prevent the experiencing stress.
Poor eating habits risk of acne breakouts.
Research by can pose risks to acne vulgaris and even Kalmbach et al.
revealed that worsen its occurrence in adolescents lack of sleep can contribute to a 15 (Sharma et al.
, 2.
Additionally, percent increase in stress.
High-stress Suppiah et al.
on Acne vulgaris levels can trigger the cortisol hormone, and its relationship with dietary intake which can damage the structure and from a Malaysian perspective shows that function of the skin and lead to the the consumption of milk significantly development of acne vulgaris symptoms.
contributes to a higher incidence of acne In addition, good habits such as skincare essential for a healthy lifestyle.
Acne significantly contributes to a higher vulgaris symptoms arise from clogged incidence of acne vulgaris, reaching pores due to dirt, dead skin cells, oil, and In conclusion, the research The condition usually occurs conducted by Suppiah et al.
when the skin is not regularly cleaned.
demonstrates that the intake of milk and is recommended to clean the face at least chocolate can play a role in acne twice a day, in the morning and at night, 2%, and Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan as Sole et al.
, .
They recommend that individuals, especially teenagers, practice washing their faces .
%) had mild acne vulgaris, and 38 2-3 times daily with a facial cleanser respondents .
%) had moderate acne Seventy-eight The Healthy and well-maintained skin not respondents in this study had mild acne only affects overall health but also vulgaris, accounting for 78 respondents enhances appearance.
Meeting fluid .
%).
The research findings revealed needs by drinking at least eight glasses of water on a daily basis can keep the characterized by an increased number of skin hydrated and the body healthy.
inflamed papules and pustules on the Acne vulgaris occurs until an individual reaches adulthood (Dawson .
%) face, often accompanied by mild trunk & Dellavalle, 2.
Almost 90% of According to Anwar .
, one teenagers have acne, and half experience of the factors that can contribute to the symptoms in adulthood (Thiboutot et development of acne vulgaris is usually , 2.
By the age of 40, 1% of men related to high-fat foods such as fried and 5% of women have lesions or still foods, nuts, milk, and cheese, as well as high-carbohydrate foods like sweets and (DallAoOglio et al.
, 2.
Recent chocolates, and foods with coconut milk.
analysis shows an increasing prevalence Furthermore.
Syahputra et al.
of acne in children due to puberty state that dietary factors can play an (Ingram et al.
, 2.
Acne vulgaris has psychosocial impairments and can cause particularly fast food .
unk foo.
and permanent scarring (Barnes et al.
, 2.
high-fat Patients are motivated to seek medical treatment (Dawson & Dellavalle, 2.
, alcohol, spicy foods, and The research results indicate foods high in iodine .
are also that out of the respondents, 49 .
%) did examples of foods that are highly not suffer from acne vulgaris, while the sensitive for individuals with acne respondents with acne vulgaris were vulgaris (Asbullah et al.
, 2.
divided into three gradations according Additionally, .
weets to Lehmann's grading system: mild, preclinical medical students at FK moderate, and severe.
However, none of UNIZAR the respondents who participated in the respondents, 78 .
%) had mild acne.
Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan and in the analysis of dietary patterns, 122 respondents .
%) had poor dietary awareness among the public is crucial in However, based on the Chi- encouraging adolescents to seek early Square test, the obtained p-value was medical assistance.
143 > .
, indicating that there is Therefore.
The latest report published by (DallAoOglio et al.
, 2.
in a review of dietary patterns and the occurrence of the evidence on the relationship between acne vulgaris in preclinical medical dietary patterns and acne vulgaris students at FK UNIZAR.
These findings reveals that maintaining a healthy diet support a previous study conducted by plays an undeniable role in acne Hasan et al.
on the relationship development, duration, and severity.
According to the study conducted by occurrence of acne vulgaris among fifth- DallAoOglio et al .
acne triggers include high glycemic index/load foods.
Ratulangi University Sam Faculty Medicine, which stated that, on average.
The findings of this report provide strong support and align with patterns and there was no association the results of this study, where a poor diet can act as a trigger for the occurrence of acne vulgaris.
Additionally, a study by Koku et al.
, involving 2,300 participants protective factors include fatty acids, aged 13-18 years through a cross- fruit, and vegetable intake.
The role played by specific dietary components relationship between acne vulgaris and associated with different food items, dietary patterns.
The study found that such as those found in milk .
ull- the average prevalence of acne vulgaris fat/whole milk, low-fat, skimme.
, dairy among the respondents was 60.
ream, ice cream, yogurt, and was also found that there was a high chees.
, or chocolate .
ilk chocolate, prevalence of acne vulgaris among dark chocolat.
, remains an unresolved adolescents in Eskisehir but a low issue and a subject for future research.
Moreover.
CONCLUSION correlation between fat, sugar, and fastfood consumption and the prevalence of The preclinical medical students of FK Copyright by Author Vol.
08 No.
DOI: https://dx.
org/10.
36679/kedokteran.
ISSN 2460-9749 (PRINT)
ISSN 2620-5890 (ONLINE)
Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan UNIZAR in the cohorts of 2019, 2020, and 2021 are primarily classified as poor eating patterns.
The incidence of acne UNIZAR predominantly mild.
Based on the occurrence of acne vulgaris among preclinical medical students from FK UNIZAR in the cohorts of 2019, 2020, and 2021 is found.
Future researchers increase the number and variation of respondents, such as narrowing down by cohort or vice versa.
Students are also expected to strive to maintain a good eating pattern by paying attention to DallAoOglio.
Nasca.
Fiorentini, , & Micali.
Diet and acne: review of the evidence from 2009 to 2020.
International Journal of Dermatology, 60.
, 672Ae685.
https://doi.
org/10.
1111/ijd.
Fasza Gita Tsuraya.
Riyanto.
, &
Witjahyo.
Hubungan Mengonsumsi Makanan Olahan Cabai Terhadap Kejadian Akne Vulgaris Pada Mahasiswa.
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro, 7.
, 1122Ae1128.
https://ejournal3.
id/index.
php/medico/article/view/21187 Hasan.
Kepel.
, & Rompas.
Hubungan Pola Makan Dengan Kejadian Acne Vulgaris Pada Mahasiswa Semester V (Lim.
Di Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado.
Ejournal Keperawatan, 3.
, 1Ae8.
sufficient nutrition and not skipping Husna.
Hubungan Pola Makan.
Premenstrual Syndrom dan Penggunaan Kosmetik dengan Acne Vulgaris Pada Remaja Putri di SMA Negeri 2 Sigli.
1Ae44.
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