142
Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan.
Volume 6.
Nomor 2.
Agustus 2019, hlm.
142Ae147
JNK
JURNAL NERS DAN KEBIDANAN
(JOURNAL OF NERS AND MIDWIFERY)
http://ojs.
id/index.
php/jnk Relationship Between the Frequency of Eating Snack Food and Incidence of Stunting Frida Indah Rahmaningrum.
CALumastari Ajeng Wijayanti .
Desy Dwi Cahyani .
Eny Sendra Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang.
Indonesia Corresponding Author Article Information Abstract History Article:
Received, 14/06/2024 Accepted, 06/05/2025 Published, 04/08/2025 Failure to thrive among toddlers results in stunting.
One of the contributing factors is not fulfilling nutritional needs.
Toddlers prefer to eat snack food with low nutritional content and the sugar content makes children feel full, reducing the portion of food in the main meal schedule that contains balanced nutritional value.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of stunting.
The method in this study used observations with a cross-sectional design.
The Population was 232 people, with a sample of 70 mothers of stunted toddlers selected through the Simple Random Sampling The instrument in this study used a questionnaire and was analyzed with the Spearman Rank test with the results (A = 0,000 < 0.
between the frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of This study showed a relationship between the frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of stunting toddlers who consume snack food too often will cause stunting in toddlers.
Based on the results, it is recommended that snack foods be given two hours before main meals to help address this issue.
Keyword:
Frequency of Snack Food Consumption.
Stunting A2025 Journal of Ners and Midwifery Correspondence Address:
Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang Ae East Java.
Indonesia
P-ISSN : 2355-052X
Email: ajengg1612@gmail.
E-ISSN : 2548-3811
DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
26699/jnk.
ART.
This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-SA license .
ttps://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by-sa/4.
Rahmaningrum, et.
Relationship Between the Frequency of A 125
INTRODUCTION
Growth failure due to malnutrition leads to One of the nutritional issues that children face worldwide is stunting where children experience impaired growth processes so that their height is not in accordance with their age.
Toddlers are said to be stunted if based on indicators of height for age below - 2 standard deviations (Kemenkes RI, 2.
WHO in 2022 stated that 1 millionchildren in the world were The results of the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey, the country's prevalence of stunting has dropped from 24.
4% in 2021 to 6% in 2022.
While it has declined, it is still far from the 14% reduction in the stunting rate that the National Medium-Term Development Plan (NMTDP) calls for by 2024 (Kemenkes RI, 2.
In East Java, the prevalence of stunting in 2022 was 19.
2% (Kemenkes RI, 2.
The prevalence of stunting in Kediri District in 2022 has increased by 21.
6% when compared to 2021of 18% (Kemenkes RI, 2.
The highest prevalence of stunting among toddlers in 2023 in Kediri Regency is in the Bendo Community Health Center working area with a prevalence of 16.
46% with a total of 289 The prevalence of stunting in the Bendo Health Center work area over the last three years has continued to increase, namely in 2020 it was 9%, in 2021 it was 18.
3% and in 2022 it was Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition at the most dangerous stage of growth and development in children at the beginning of their lives, and therefore children who are stunted do not develop fully and are too short for their age (Taslim et al.
, 2.
Fulfillment of nutritional needs in children is one of the factors that cause Food that is not good in quality and quantity will cause children to experience malnutrition and have an impact on the growth process (Indahsari et al.
, 2023.
Putri et al.
, 2.
When viewed from the side of complementary feeding, what really needs to be considered is the quantity, quality and safety of the food provided (Kemenkes RI, 2018.
Risnah et al.
, 2.
The Indonesian government has instituted a supplementary feeding program (PMT) for malnourished toddlers, using locally sourced food to improve the nutritional status of young children (Kemenkes RI, 2.
However, the reality is that toddlers who are included in the PMT program do not experience an increase in weight or height, because the nutritional needs of toddlers can only be met when the PMT program is running.
Outside the PMT schedule, toddlersconsume food that does not contain balanced nutritional values so that toddlers remain in poor nutritional status (Aryani & Wahyono, 2.
Snack food is the cause of lower nutritional fulfillment in children.
Snack food is a type of food consumed between main meals, namely breakfast, lunch and dinner (Hess et al.
, 2.
The majority of snack food on the market contains sodium, saturated fat, sugar, and dietary fiber which causes lower nutritional needs (Mireault et al.
, 2.
toddlers aged 1 - 2 years who consume unhealthy snacks will be at higher risk of micronutrient deficiencies (Elisanti et al.
, 2023.
Pries et al.
, 2.
The content contained in snack food such as high sugar content will give children a sense of satiety, reducing children's appetite for consuming the main food menu (Nurkomala et al.
, 2.
4% of children aged 2 - 5 years have consumed one or more snack foods per day.
This happens because the increasing age will increase children's preferences and habits to consume snack food (Vatanparast et , 2.
The conducive factor of stunting is the deficiency in nutrient intake due to the lack of quantity and quality of food consumed by the children (Nadimin et al.
, 2.
children who consume snack food by consuming a lot of snack food will have a lower TB/U Z-Score value when compared to toddlers who do not consume snack food (Purwestri et al.
, 2.
The study only shows the relationship between the Z-Score TB / U value and consuming snack food has not seen a relationship with the incidence of stunting specifically.
From the data above, a study will be conducted on "The Relationship between the Frequency of Eating Snack Food with the Incidence of Stunting in Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan.
Volume 12.
Issue 2.
August 2025, page.
Toddlers Aged 24 - 59 Months at the Bendo Health Center.
Kediri Regency".
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of stunting in toddlers so that it can determine the cause of stunting problems in METHODS The design of the study used a correlation analytic research design with Cross Sectional research design.
This study was conducted on January 2 - 15, 2024 which was conducted in the working area of the Bendo Health Center.
Kediri Regency.
The population in this study were all mothers who had stunted toddlers aged 24 - 59 months with a total of 232 respondents.
The type of sampling technique used is Simple Random Sampling with a total sample of 70 respondents with inclusion criteria, namely mothers who have stunted toddlers aged 24- 59 months who are willing to become respondents, mothers of toddlers who can read and write, and toddlers who live in Puskesmas Bendo Kediri Regency.
Then, according to the exclusion criteria, toddlers who are not in place at the time of data collection and toddlers who do not live with parents.
The frequency of snack food consumption is the independent variable, and the incidence of stunting is the dependent variable.
The instruments in this study used a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability and height measurements using the One Med brand microtoice and then classified using anthropometric standards that refer to the z- score value based on Height for Age (TB/U).
Data collection was done door to door by measuring height directly on toddlers and distributing questionnaires filled out by Statistical analysis used the Spearman Rank test.
This study has met the ethical eligibility of the Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang on December 5, 2023 with number DP.
03/F.
XX1.
31/0068/2024.
RESULTS
Table 1.
Frequency Distribution of Snack Food Consumption Frequency of Consuming Snack Food Frequency Persent (%) Rare Often Very often Total Source: Primary Data January 2024 Based on the table, it can be seen that most of the frequency of consuming snack food in the frequent category is 37 toddlers .
,9%) Table 2.
Distribution of Stunting Incidence Incidence of Stunting Frequency Persent (%) Short Very Short Total Source: Primary Data January 2024 Based on the table, it can be seen that most are included in the short category of stuntingwith a total of 43 toddlers .
4%).
Rahmaningrum, et.
Relationship Between the Frequency of A 127 Table 3.
Relationship between Frequency of Eating Snack Food and Incidence of Stunting Frequency of Incidence of Stunting Total pCoefficient Consuming Snack Correlation Short Very Short Food Rare Often 0,000 0,529 Very often Total Source: Primary Data January 2024 After conducting statistical tests using Spearman Rank with the results of p-value = 0.
The p-value is smaller than the value .
<0.
so it can be stated that there is a relationship between the frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24 59 months at the Bendo Health Center.
Kediri Regency.
The correlation coefficient value is 0.
so the correlation of the frequency of consuming snack food variables with the variable incidence of stunting is included in the strong category.
With a positive correlation coefficient value, the direction of the relationship between the variable frequency of consuming snack food and the incidence of stunting has a unidirectional relationship, meaning that the more often the frequency of consuming snack food, the higher the incidence of stunting.
DISCUSSION