https://dinastipub.
org/DIJEFA Vol.
No.
May 2024 DOI: https://doi.
org/10.
38035/dijefa.
Received: 3 May 2024.
Revised: 16 May 2024.
Publish: 18 May 2024 https://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by/4.
Palm Farmers' Strategies In Increasing Income Reviewed From Post Transformation Maqashid Syariah Ridho Erianto1.
Marliyah2.
Zuhrinal M.
Nawawi3 Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara.
Indonesia, ridhoerianto56@gmail.
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara.
Indonesia, marliyah@uinsu.
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara.
Indonesia, zuhrinal.
nawawi@uinsu.
Corresponding Author: ridhoerianto56@gmail.
Abstract: This research aims to find out the main priority strategies for oil palm farmers in increasing income in terms of post-transformation sharia maqashid in Labuhanbatu district.
North Sumatra province by presenting the internal and external conditions that have been carried out so far which have been discussed with relevant experts.
The method in this research uses a qualitative approach with SWOT analysis and the QSPM method.
This research used questionnaires and interviews with 10 respondents divided into 5 SWOT respondents and 5 QSPM respondents.
From the results of the SWOT analysis, it can be ascertained that the strategy obtained after processing it in the IFAS and EFAS matrices is a progressive strategy.
This strategy means that you can maximize your strengths and take advantage of opportunities.
Furthermore, the QSPM analysis showed that the main priority strategy that must be implemented is strategy number 2 with a TAS value of 5.
565, namely the role of agricultural instructors is maximized so that farmers' knowledge and abilities increase and they can work well.
Keyword: Transformation.
Palm Oil.
Income.
Maqashid Syariah.
INTRODUCTION
The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors have quite an important role in economic activities in Indonesia, this can be seen from their contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is quite large, namely around 13.
28 percent in 2021 or second only to the Industrial sector.
Processing.
During the pandemic, the agricultural sector was a sector that was strong enough to face economic shocks and turned out to be reliable in recovering the national economy.
One sub-sector that has quite large potential is the plantation sub-sector.
The contribution of the plantation sub-sector to GDP is around 3.
94 percent in 2021 or is in first place in the Agriculture.
Livestock.
Hunting and Agricultural Services sectors (BPS.
In the Indonesian economy during the colonial period, plantations were a crucial aspect.
As an agricultural country.
Indonesia has the opportunity to become a market leader in 600 | P a g e https://dinastipub.
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The opportunities and prospects for the agro-industrial market are quite wide open, depending on how to work on and utilize what exists.
It is well understood that the development of palm oil agribusiness is an industry that is believed to be able to help the government to eradicate poverty in Indonesia.
This is because the palm oil industry is a renewable natural resource, in the form of fertile land, productive labor, and abundant sunlight throughout the year (Jiuhardi et al.
, 2.
Palm oil is one of the few remaining natural resources that has significant economic value in Indonesia's economic activities because of its ability to produce vegetable oil which is much needed by the country's industrial sector.
Apart from that, palm oil can be used for various purposes, including cooking oil, industrial oil, and fuel .
Then it resists oxidation under high pressure and has the ability to dissolve chemicals that are insoluble in other solvents.
As the largest palm oil producing country in the world.
Indonesia has great potential to market palm oil and palm kernel and fresh fruit bunches both at home and abroad (BPS, 2.
North Sumatra consists of 33 regencies or cities, 25 regencies and 8 cities.
Each district in North Sumatra Province has slightly different plantation products, most of which produce rubber and palm oil, but in several districts, especially Padangsidempuan City, this district produces plantation commodities such as snake fruit, snake fruit has even developed into one of the symbols of Padangsidempuan City.
The Central Statistics Agency projects that the number of snake fruit plants will increase from 110,186 quintals to 543,390 quintals in 2022.
Different plantation products from Padangsidempuan City.
Labuhanbatu Regency, precisely in Central Panai District, where this area is famous for its superior product.
Panai pineapple which is cultivated, thus making the region famous and then representing the region as one of its symbols.
But on the other hand, pineapple production has recently been decreasing and has experienced a drastic decline.
Many pineapple farmers have switched from producing pineapples on their plantations to producing palm oil.
Community land in Panai Tengah District.
Labuhanbatu Regency, which used to be a pineapple plantation, is starting to become scarce, based on field Currently, pineapple plantations are increasingly rare and farmers are planting fewer pineapples.
In fact, this sub-district was previously known as a pineapple plantation Acting Regent of Siak Alfredi observed that properly managed pineapples in Riau could produce 50 million pineapples per hectare, which is clearly much more profitable than growing oil palm.
Pineapple is one of the few fruits in the world that has a certain price.
The highest, the Heligen pineapple variety grown in England can reach 15.
7 million per fruit.
Actually, the pineapple plant has many uses.
For example, pineapple plantations have a big impact on tourism because they attract many tourists, thereby helping the destination Apart from that, considering that economic growth is known to increase every year, the presence of pineapple plantations will of course increase the number of visitors to the destination, keep visitors busy and reduce unemployment rates.
The income of pineapple farmers will increase and tourism will also develop (Pakpahan, 2.
Pineapple extract (Ananas comosus (L) Mer.
has a significant antihelminthic effect due to the presence of the enzyme bromelain, which makes pineapple very healthy (Astri & Sukohar, 2.
Pineapples can also have an effect on reducing the plaque index in children aged 10-12 years (Embisa et , 2.
Water is very important in the production process of food products, therefore the importance of maqashid sharia analysis is also based on a number of issues that highlight unfavorable aspects in the palm oil production process, such as the plant's voracious nutritional needs and extreme water requirements.
Due to the reduction in the number of accessible water sources, industries can now look for alternative water sources without disrupting production (Rahmani, 2.
Water requirements for seedlings are A 2 liters per polybag per day, adjusted to the age of the seedlings.
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1000 trees = 10,000 liters/day and no less than 1,000 liters of water are needed every day for 1 hectare.
Palm oil waste is also a pollutant that has the potential to cause negative effects on the environment.
This industrial waste is known to cause pollution, especially in water bodies (Chan et al.
, 2.
Liquid waste from the palm oil industry contains very high levels of pollutants which result in high levels of pollution in the water where the total Suspended Solid (TSS) is smallest when mixing effluent waste with upstream water, namely 5473 mg/L (Putra & Putra, 2.
However, in fact, farmers now prefer to transform their plantations into oil palm plantations.
If sharia economics is applied, namely maqashid sharia, it is reviewed, a more in depth analysis can be obtained regarding the level of income of farming communities who process their plantation commodities.
Because it does not only consider material components, but also non-material and spiritual components which are characterized by the fulfillment of basic needs, maqashid sharia is comprehensive in determining income levels.
Hajiyat and tahsiniyat which precede it are daruriyat, according to Abu Ishaq al-Syatibi, which is the level of basic human needs, namely religious protection .
ifz al-di.
, protection of the soul .
ifz alnaf.
, protection of the mind .
ifz al-'aq.
, protection of offspring .
ifz al-nas.
, and protection of property .
ifz al-mal.
are all considered aspects of daruriyat, a basic need.
the daruriyah level, religious considerations take precedence over considerations of soul, reason, lineage and wealth.
Farmers' awareness of religion is also rather low.
For example, they do not realize that oil palm plantations require payment of agricultural zakat and that prayer is mandatory.
This reality in Islam reflects the gap that exists between official statistics regarding income levels and social reality.
This gap is caused by farmers' lack of knowledge in managing production factors according to sharia principles.
As is generally understood, production activities are defined as activities that aim to convert every source of production into products, or also known as the process of changing inputs .
roduction factor.
into outputs .
roduction result.
In the context of plantations, good results depend on how farmers manage their production elements.
Adiwarman Karim said that every element of production and production results must remain guided by Islamic law and not be used for things that cause damage (Karim, 2.
METHOD
Research Approach The type of research carried out by researchers is descriptive qualitative.
Because the data obtained is in the form of descriptions, this research can be classified as descriptive Then, from the data obtained, an explanation or description will be made to obtain an overview.
The data obtained in this research is written data .
rom article.
therefore this research can be classified as qualitative-descriptive research.
The aim of descriptive research is to describe phenomena and their characteristics.
This research is more concerned with what rather than how or why something has happened.
Therefore, observation and survey tools are often used to collect data (Gall & Borg, 2.
According to Bogdan and Taylor quoted by Lexy J Moleong, qualitative methods are research procedures that obtain written and verbal descriptive data from the people and behavior that is being observed (Moleong & Surjaman, 2.
The research method used is a qualitative method with QSPM SWOT analysis.
This is because there are things that researchers want to understand that are related to the problem formulation of this study, namely how the strategies that have been carried out regarding oil palm farmers' strategies in increasing income are viewed from post-transformation sharia maqashid, what is the state of the internal environment and the state of the external environment oil palm farmers in increasing income in terms of post-transformation sharia maqashid, what is the urgency of handling the internal and external environmental conditions of oil palm farmers in increasing income in terms of post-transformation sharia maqashid and what are the main priority 602 | P a g e https://dinastipub.
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Research Subjects and Objects Research subjects are people, places, or objects that are observed in order to become Subject determination uses a purposive sampling technique, namely a technique for determining samples of data sources .
with certain considerations.
These particular considerations, such as the person who is considered to know best about what is expected, or perhaps he or she holds the position of authority, make it easier for the researcher to explore the object or social situation being studied (Sugiyono, 2.
The research subjects in this paper are pineapple farmers who transformed their plantations into oil palm plantations.
The subjects in question are respondents in this research, namely people who have information about the transformation of oil palm plantations, people who are involved in the transformation of oil palm plantations themselves, and people who know the truth about the transformation of oil palm plantations.
According to Supranto, a research object is a set of elements which can be people, organizations or items to be studied.
Then Dajan emphasized that the object of research is the main issue to be researched to obtain more focused data.
Meanwhile, the object of this research is a pineapple farmer who is transforming his plantation into oil palm.
Data Collection Technique The data collection process is a systematic and standard procedure for obtaining the required data (Tanzeh, 2.
The technique for collecting data in this research uses observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Research Result IFAS and EFAS matrices Calculation of SWOT Analysis Weights and Ratings Table 1.
Weight Calculation Table (Current Condition.
Strategic Factors Respondent Total
Average Weight
Strength
1 2 3 4
Have experience as an oil palm farmer 5 4 2 4 ifz al-ma.
3,60 Job opportunities for local communities 4 6 3 2 ifz al-naf.
4,20 Easy oil 5 4 5 3 ifz al-naf.
4,20 Farmers have the knowledge to overcome 4 5 2 5 existing problems .
ifz al-ma.
4,00 Palm oil is a leading commodity in the 5 4 4 3 Central Panai district .
ifz al-ma.
3,60 Total
19,60
Weakness Farmers are just joining in planting palm 5 3 4 3 oil commodities .
ifz ad-di.
3,80 Farmers physical abilities in managing oil palm plantations are weak .
ifz al-nas.
3 2 6 1
2,80
Use of interest bearing funds .
ifz al-ma.
5 4 4 3
3,80
Increased debt needs from plantations to 3 6 2 1 agricultural shops .
ifz al-ma.
Relative Weight
0,184
0,214
0,214
0,204
0,184
1,000
0,234
0,173
0,234
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ifz al-naf.
Total Opportunity There are many palm oil factories around 5 the Central Panai sub-district .
ifz al-ma.
Has fertile soil .
ifz al-ma.
The location of the palm oil factory is very 4 ifz al-naf.
The selling price of fresh fruit bunches is 5 stable compared to other types of plants .
ifz al-ma.
The role of agricultural instructors is good 4 regarding oil palm .
ifz al-Aoaq.
Total Threat There is a lack of oil palm storage in the 2 Central Panai district .
ifz al-ma.
Road access is difficult because there are 3 still many dirt roads .
ifz al-naf.
Uneven rainfall .
ifz al-ma.
It is difficult to get superior oil palm seeds 4 ifz al-ma.
Fertilizer is often scarce .
ifz al-ma.
Total
2,80
3,00
16,20
0,173
0,186
1,000
4,00
3,40
0,200
0,170
4,20
0,210
4,20
0,210
4,20
20,00
0,210
1,000
2,80
0,179
3,60
3,00
0,231
0,192
3,20
0,206
3,00
20,40
0,192
1,000
Table 2.
Rating Calculation Table (Treatment Urgenc.
Strategic Factors Respondent Total Ratings Strength Have experience as an oil palm farmer .
al-ma.
Job opportunities for local communities .
al-naf.
Easy maintenance of palm oil commodities 4 ifz al-naf.
Farmers have the knowledge to overcome 3 existing problems .
ifz al-ma.
Palm oil is a leading commodity in the 4 Central Panai district .
ifz al-ma.
Total Weakness Farmers are just joining in planting palm oil 3 ifz ad-di.
Farmers physical abilities in managing oil palm plantations are weak .
ifz al-nas.
Use of interest bearing funds .
ifz al-ma.
Increased debt needs from plantations to 2 agricultural shops .
ifz al-ma.
Use of stun gun .
ifz al-naf.
Total Opportunity There are many palm oil factories around the 3 Central Panai sub-district .
ifz al-ma.
Has fertile soil .
ifz al-ma.
Average Rating 3,20 3,00 3,00 3,40 3,20 15,80 2,40 2,00 2,60 2,20 2,40 11,60 3,00 2,20 604 | P a g e https://dinastipub.
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The selling price of fresh fruit bunches is 4 stable compared to other types of plants .
ifz al-ma.
The role of agricultural instructors is good 3 regarding oil palm .
ifz al-Aoaq.
Total Threat There is a lack of oil palm storage in the 3 Central Panai district .
ifz al-ma.
Road access is difficult because there are still 2 many dirt roads .
ifz al-naf.
Uneven rainfall .
ifz al-ma.
It is difficult to get superior oil palm seeds 2 ifz al-ma.
Fertilizer is often scarce .
ifz al-ma.
Total
3,00
3,00
3,00
14,20
2,00
2,20
2,60
2,40
2,40
11,40
Ranking weights and ratings The next step is to create a weight ranking and rating to see how the current condition is assessed.
The results from highest to lowest can be seen in the table below Table 3.
Current Condition Assessment Ranking Table Strength Indicator Evaluation Job opportunities for local communities Easy maintenance of palm oil commodities Farmers have the knowledge to overcome existing Very good
3,60
Have experience as an oil palm farmer
Good
3,60
Palm oil is a leading commodity in the Central
Panai district
Weakness indicator 3,80 Farmers are just joining in planting palm oil Weak
3,80
Use of interest-bearing funds 3,00 Use of stun gun
Somewhat
Weak I 2,80 Farmers' physical abilities in cultivating oil palm
2,80
Increased debt needs from plantations to Somewhat
Weak II
agricultural shops Opportunity indicators 4,20 The location of the palm oil factory is very 4,20 The selling price of fresh fruit bunches is stable compared to other types of plants 4,20 The role of agricultural instructors is good Very Chance regarding oil palm
4,00
There are many palm oil factories around the Central Panai sub district
3,40
Has fertile soil
Somewhat
Threat indicator 3,60 Road access is difficult because there are still Threatened many dirt roads 3,20 It is difficult to get superior oil palm seeds Somewhat Threatened I Score
4,20
4,20
4,00
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Treatment Urgency Ranking Strength Indicator Evaluation Farmers have the knowledge to overcome existing Somewhat Important I 3,20 Have experience as an oil palm farmer
3,20
Palm oil is a leading commodity in the Central Panai Somewhat Important II
3,00
Job opportunities for local communities 3,00 Easy maintenance of palm oil commodities Weakness indicator 2,60 Use of interest-bearing funds Important
2,40
Farmers are just joining in planting palm oil Somewhat Important I 2,40 Use of stun gun
2,20
Increased debt needs from plantations to agricultural 2,00 Farmers' physical abilities in cultivating oil palm Somewhat Important II
plantations are weak
Opportunity indicators 3,00 There are many palm oil factories around the Central
Panai sub-district
3,00
The location of the palm oil factory is very strategic Important
3,00
The selling price of fresh fruit bunches is stable compared to other types of plants 3,00 The role of agricultural instructors is good regarding oil palm
2,20
Has fertile soil
Somewhat Important I Threat indicator 2,60 Uneven rainfall Important
2,40
It is difficult to get superior oil palm seeds Somewhat Important I 2,40 Fertilizer is often scarce 2,20 Road access is difficult because there are still many Somewhat Important II
dirt roads 2,00 There is a lack of oil palm storage in the Central
Panai sub-district
Score
3,40
IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Summar.
and EFAS (External Factor Analysis Summar.
Next, the researcher will explain the final results of the weight and rating calculations based on an assessment of the current conditions and the urgency of handling them according to respondents from representatives of MSME actors based on indicators of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as explained previously with detailed These indicators are presented in the IFAS and EFAS matrices.
Table 5.
IFAS Matrix Strength Indicator Weight Have experience as an oil palm farmer .
ifz al-ma.
3,60 Job opportunities for local communities .
ifz Relatively Ratings Score
0,184
3,20
0,59
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4,20 Easy maintenance of palm oil commodities .
ifz al-naf.
4,20 Farmers have the knowledge to overcome 4,00 existing problems .
ifz al-ma.
Palm oil is a leading commodity in the Central 3,60 Panai district .
ifz al-ma.
Total
19,60
Weakness Indicator Farmers are just joining in planting palm oil ifz ad-di.
3,80 Farmers' physical abilities in cultivating oil palm plantations are weak .
ifz al-nas.
2,80 Use of interest-bearing funds .
ifz al-ma.
3,80 Increased debt needs from plantations to agricultural shops .
ifz al-ma.
2,80 Use of stun gun .
ifz al-naf.
3,00 Total
16,20
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0,214
3,00
0,64
0,214
0,204
3,00
3,40
0,64
0,69
0,184
3,20
1,000
0,59
3,15
0,234
2,40
0,56
0,173
2,00
0,35
0,234
2,60
0,61
0,173
0,186
1,000
2,20
2,40
0,38
0,45
2,35
Meanwhile in table 4.
6, the value of each indicator is 2.
86 for the opportunity indicator and 2.
32 for the threat indicator.
Table 6.
EFAS Matrix Opportunity Indicator Bobot There are many palm oil factories around the Central Panai sub-district .
ifz al-ma.
4,00 Has fertile soil .
ifz al-ma.
3,40 The location of the palm oil factory is very strategic .
ifz al-naf.
4,20 The selling price of fresh fruit bunches is stable compared to other types of plants .
ifz al-ma.
4,20 The role of agricultural instructors is good regarding oil palm .
ifz al-Aoaq.
4,20 Total
22,00
Threat Indicator There is a lack of oil palm storage in the Central Panai sub-district .
ifz al-ma.
2,80 Road access is difficult because there are still many dirt roads .
ifz al-naf.
3,60 Uneven rainfall .
ifz al-ma.
3,00 It is difficult to get superior oil palm seeds .
ifz al-ma.
3,20 Fertilizer is often scarce .
ifz al-ma.
3,00 Total
20,40
Relatif
Rating Skor
0,200
0,170
3,00
2,20
0,60
0,37
0,210
3,00
0,63
0,210
3,00
0,63
0,210
1,000
3,00
0,63
2,86
0,179
2,00
0,36
0,231
0,192
2,20
2,60
0,51
0,50
0,206
0,192
1,000
2,40
2,40
0,49
0,46
2,32
SWOT Square L The next step, from the final score value, the IFE (Internal Factor Evaluatio.
and EFE (External Factor Evaluatio.
are also calculated, with the formula:
IFE Value (Strength Score - Weakness Scor.
= 3.
15 Ae 2.
35= 0.
80 EFE Value (Opportunity Score Ae Threat Scor.
= 2.
86 Ae 2.
32 = 0.
Based on the results of the IFE and EFE calculations above, the position for the SWOT analysis can be determined, namely in quadrant I .
ositive - positiv.
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SWOT Analysis Positioning From the SWOT matrix above, several alternative strategies can be obtained that can be implemented in the palm oil plantation commodity transformation strategy in increasing income in terms of maqashid sharia, namely:
SO Strategy (Strength Ae Opportunit.
strength of opportunity .
Farmers' knowledge can be used to intercrop crops within a certain period of time.
The role of agricultural instructors is maximized so that farmers' knowledge and abilities increase and they can work well .
Farmers must have sufficient and adequate transportation of fresh fruit bunches.
Cooperate with palm oil mills to accommodate farmers' plantation products WO strategy (Weakness Ae Opportunit.
weakness of opportunity .
The local government provides a special discussion space between farmers and extension workers to discuss oil palm plantations .
farmers employ local people to reduce unemployment .
create joint savings or establish an oil palm plantation cooperative .
the role of the government and extension workers to provide sharia literacy in the use of interest-bearing funds and the use of electric shock equipment ST strategy (Strength Ae Threa.
threat of strength .
The local government contributes to the results of the community's oil palm .
farmers and local government work together to improve plantation roads .
farmers create an even flow of water in oil palm plantations .
the role of agricultural extension workers is to provide education to farmers regarding superior breeding and maximizing fertilization WT strategy (Weakness Ae Threa.
threat of weakness .
The role of extension workers and local government is to provide literacy regarding good and correct financial management .
Local governments and farmers work together to establish sharia-based .
Farmers encourage local governments to provide subsidized fertilizer so that fertilizer prices are more affordable .
Agricultural instructors provide education regarding water irrigation in plantations and handling pests in oil palm plantations.
QSPM Matrix The QSPM matrix is used to evaluate alternative strategies objectively.
As well as intuitive assessments from respondents based on key success factors.
The alternative strategies that will become input data in the QSPM matrix are generated from the SWOT matrix contained in the SO strategy.
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QSPM Matrix Analysis Results Strategy Sequence Table Strategy TAS value Farmers' knowledge can be used to intercrop crops within a certain 4.
period of time The role of agricultural extension workers is maximized so that 5.
farmers' knowledge and abilities increase and they can work well Farmers must have sufficient and adequate transportation of fresh 4.
fruit bunches Collaborating with palm oil mills to accommodate farmers' 4.
plantation products Discussion Referring to the results of the SWOT analysis data processing, it can be ascertained that the strategy that has been implemented in North Sumatra is in progressive status, that is, it has made good progress and must be further improved.
The meaning is to take advantage of existing strengths and opportunities in order to increase farmers' income.
Previous researchers had distributed SWOT analysis questionnaires which were then processed based on the list of questionnaires from 5 respondents which was explained in the previous chapter.
So, next, the researcher first explains the extent of the internal and external environmental conditions of the transformation of oil palm plantations so far in detail, both in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that are currently occurring.
Each item submitted is seen from the results of the SWOT analysis weights which have been sorted in the previous sub-chapter regarding weights and ratings.
The following explains in detail the current internal and external circumstances as reinforcement for making progressive The most important strength for farmers is that where farmers have experience as farmers, the role of agricultural instructors and local government is left to provide knowledge, education and input to farmers on how to plant oil palm properly and correctly.
This was followed by farmers being able to absorb the unemployment rate by providing jobs to the community to help oil palm farmers.
Farmers' lack of knowledge in oil palm gardening because farmers just join in with oil palm gardening.
This is also followed by farmers' lack of understanding regarding good and correct financial management as well as farmers' knowledge of bank interest and lending money to renters which is not permitted in Islam.
The most supportive opportunity is the strategic location of the factory where there are many palm oil factories around the sub-district and the fertile land can be used by farmers to intercrop crops, followed by other opportunities, namely the stable selling price of fresh fruit bunches depending on the type of plant.
others as well as the role of agricultural instructors who are good and active in carrying out agricultural extension.
The threat that we need to be most aware of is the lack of palm oil conservation.
After that, the threat that must also be watched out for is road access which is difficult to pass because there are still many dirt roads.
Furthermore, there is uneven rainfall and the difficulty of getting superior oil palm seeds and fertilizer which is often scarce.
The urgency of the treatment above has been explained based on the views of the respondents supported by existing theory.
The urgency of handling may or may not be a reference because every opinion that has been collected may not necessarily be able to handle existing problems in accordance with strategies that can increase farmers' income.
So, in the last sub-chapter the researcher will explain the truly appropriate strategies that must be carried out by farmers to increase farmers' income.
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collaborating with palm oil mills to accommodate farmers' plantation products.
So it can be concluded that the main priority strategy that must be implemented to increase farmers' income is that the role of agricultural instructors is maximized so that farmers' knowledge and abilities increase and can work well, meaning farmers must be more creative and not only focus on oil palm farming because the soil is fertile.
must be used for other crops in order to increase farmers' income.
Furthermore, what strategies are carried out by farmers must be seen from the perspective of maqashid sharia, namely Maintaining Religion .
ifz al-di.
Maintaining religion is the highest daruriyah.
According to Syatibi, maintaining religion can be done by implementing what is stated as the basis of religion, namely the pillars of faith and Islam.
As a Muslim, these two pillars should be understood as an obligation and are pillars and foundations of religion that can be used as a basis for the life process of Muslim people.
Our submission and obedience to religion and its sharia is the goal of maintaining religion, which contains the values of faith, monotheism and other aspects that are stipulated in the sharia.
Education or input and understanding is needed for farmers so that farmers can better protect their religion.
Guarding the Soul .
ifz al-naf.
Human life activities must be protected from things that can endanger life, whether done by themselves or by others.
The threat of punishment for people who endanger the safety of other people's lives is also contained in Islamic law.
Human mental health is an important aspect that needs to be considered to protect the soul.
Human activities of a worldly or hereafter nature, such as carrying out mandatory orders and the sunnah of Islam, will be optimally carried out if humans are able to maintain the quality of mental According to Syatibi, the importance of human livelihoods in protecting the soul is something that needs to be considered.
In this case, oil palm farmers also still use an instant method to hunt down oil palm plant pests, namely using a stun tool to eradicate the pests.
Of course, using this stun tool can be dangerous for oil palm farmers.
The use of stun pigs cannot be said to be a good effort because it involves life safety.
Where life safety is part of the maqashid shari'ah which must be maintained by oil palm farmers to achieve life benefits.
Maintaining Intellect .
ifz al-'aq.
The existence of reason is the greatest gift from Allah SWT.
for humans.
Reason is the difference between humans and other creatures.
Through reason, humans will have the urge to become good humans.
Civilization and a good future can be achieved as best as possible by utilizing reason.
On the other hand, if reason cannot be controlled properly it will have a negative impact on oneself, the environment and the nation.
In this case, there are already oil palm farmers who have done this where there are farmers who have completed their first level, the same thing is also done by other farmers where the descendants of the farmers have already completed their first level.
Other activities carried out by farmers to maintain their wits include keeping themselves busy through farming activities and opening a motorbike repair business which is run by farmers.
This is an activity that can directly benefit the farmer's economy as well as a way for farmers to maintain family harmony.
The intellectual development of farmers has been carried out by several farmers, this means that in terms of maintaining their minds the farmers have done this.
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ifz al-nas.
In Syatibi's al-muwafaqat, the protection of descendants and property is part of the muamalah aspect .
abl min al-na.
The importance of looking after offspring has been regulated in Islam, starting from the procedures for choosing a life partner, how to educate children, to procedures for dividing inheritance.
The existence of Islamic rules for marriage and forbidding adultery is intended to preserve offspring.
The quality of offspring depends on the family's management of their child's future.
This management includes planning to instill strong spiritual, physical and mental values through family education or formal education.
Families are obliged to ensure the welfare and empowerment of their children's future.
The seriousness of oil palm farmers in looking after their offspring is also manifested in the form of supervision.
It is important to pay attention to children's education, but what is no less important is providing supervision over them.
This supervision takes the form of strong advice to stay away from adultery, drugs, gambling and alcohol.
Uncontrolled children's control over this advice, corn farmers do not hesitate to punish their children.
Afeguarding Assets .
ifz al-ma.
Everything useful that humans have with a certain value is a treasure.
Wealth is a trust of Allah SWT.
How to obtain and manage it will be accounted for.
In the process of seeking wealth.
Islam emphasizes that the methods used to obtain it must be based on sharia, namely by working and/or the inheritance system, and avoiding methods that are prohibited by Islam.
There are still farmers who use interest-bearing funds which they actually need to do this to start their plantation business because it requires large capital, but the perspective is wrong regarding the size of usury, usury is still usury even if it is small and it is still forbidden in Islam.
CONCLUSION
The role of agricultural instructors is maximized so that farmers' knowledge and abilities increase and can work well, meaning farmers must be more creative and not only focus on oil palm farming because fertile land must be utilized for other crops in order to increase farmers' income and farmers must continue to implement Sharia principles are guarding religion, guarding the soul, guarding the mind, guarding birth and guarding REFERENSI Al-Qaradhawi.
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