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VISUALIZING STUDENTSAo CHALLENGES AND EMOTIONS IN THESIS
PROPOSAL WRITING: A PHOTO-VOICE STUDY
Nur Laila Kadariyah1.
Siti Marhamah1 Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin Email: nurlailakadariyah@uin-anatasari.
ABSTRAK
Para mahasiswa menghadapi berbagai pengalaman ketika memulai dan selama proses penulisan sebuah proposal skripsi.
Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk meneliti tantangan-tantangan dan emosi-emosi para mahasiswa dalam menulis sebuah proposal skripsi.
Metode photovoice digunakan sebagai desain penelitian untuk menggambarkan tantangan dan emosi, dan menfasilitasi perolehan data yang detil dari foto-foto, deskripsi, dan hasil wawancara mendalam dengan para partisipan.
Data-data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik kepada enam mahasiswa yang telah menyelesaikan proposal skripsi mereka.
Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tantangan yang dialami para mahasiwa dalam menulis sebuah proposal skripsi seperti menentukan judul penelitian, menemukan teori-teori yang relevan dan sesuai dengan topik penelitian, dan kurangnya kemampuan bahasa Ingris termasuk masalah tata bahasa, kosa kata, dan kurangnya kualitas keterampilan menulis.
Emosi para mahasiswa dapat berubah tergantung pada tahapan selama proses penulisan sebuah proposal skripsi.
Para mahasiswa mengalami emosi-emosi negatif pada tahapan pertama, seperti kecemasan, khawatir, pusing/bingung, ragu atau bimbang, tertekan, and frustasi.
Emosi negatif terjadi dalam tahap pre-writing.
Seiring waktu, emosi negatif mahasiswa berubah menjadi emosi yang positif seperti bahagia, lega, bangga, tenang, dan rasa kepuasan pada tahap while-writing and post-writing.
Emosi negatif disebabkan oleh kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menulis sebuah proposal.
Sebaliknya, emosi-emosi positif muncul setelah proposal skripsi para mahasiswa ditulis lengkap dan selesai.
Dan akhirnya, proposal skripsi mereka disetujui oleh dosen pengampu mata kuliah tersebut.
Kata kunci: photovoice, tantangan, emosi, menulis, proposal skripsi
ABSTRACT
This study was focus on investigating studentsAo challenges and emotions experiences in writing a thesis The photo-voice method was used as a research design to visualize the experiences and facilitate obtaining detailed data from photographs, descriptions, and in-depth interviews with participants.
The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to six students who had completed their thesis proposals.
This study found that studentsAo experiences on the challenges such as determining the research title, finding t h e r e l e v a n t theories were online to the t o p i c o f t h e research, lack of English proficiency includes grammatical problems, lack of vocabulary, and identifying the appropriate references.
Besides, emotions could change depended on the stages of during the thesis proposal writing process.
The students experienced the negative emotions in the first stage, such as uncertainties, anxieties, tiredness, frustrations, and worries.
It happened in the pre-writing stage.
Then, gradually their emotions changed into positive such as cheerfulness, comforts, calmness, prides, and satisfactions in the while-writing and the post-writing stages.
The negative emotions were caused by the studentsAo difficulties.
Otherwise, the positive emotions arose after studentsAo thesis proposals had been completed and finished to be written, and finally, the thesis proposals were accepted by the lecturer.
Keywords: Photovoice, challenges, emotions, writing, thesis proposal https://journal.
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INTRODUCTION A thesis proposal is an academic assignment that undergraduate students must be written.
It is one of requirement to the next step in writing a Karanja .
said a thesis proposal as a comprehensive plan for a research project.
It is a written description of the research design that will be conducted.
In writing a proposal or a thesis, it needs skills of The students must master the elements of writing such as grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and the structure of sentences or paragraphs.
Wahyuningsih .
said it is important to be noted that the writing process involves an essential element: grammatical competence.
This involves a thorough understanding of grammar rules and lexical elements.
Writing enables a person to produce language and becomes an integral part of the communication process.
To develop a formal and an academic writing, it is important to consider various significant features, such as sentence structure, linguistic style, appropriate the punctuation use, sentence coherence, and other factors that influence writing Ariyanti .
stated the importance of creating comprehensive and well-structured sentences that are free from errors.
Furthermore.
Fauzan et al.
highlighted academic writing must consist of knowledge of adjacent subjects backed by proof and precise references.
Recognizing the significance of these criteria, students should consider utilizing guidelines while writing scientific papers.
So, when starting writing a thesis proposal, it is not only need a writing skill, but also mastered the contents of a thesis proposal, such as an it explains the proposal details the specific areas of study, the purpose, the scope, and a review of relevant research.
and a research methodology that provides the information about research design, setting, the subject or the research, the technique in collecting data, and the data analysis.
When start and in the process of writing a thesis proposal, there are some challenges faced by undergraduate students such as determine the title and choosing the appropriate methodology.
Fauzan et al.
added several other factors such as lack of knowledge, motivation, and students' ability to write.
Manchishi et al.
found out several errors in academic writing.
These https://journal.
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php/TEFLA included unclear and overly broad topics, a failure to state the problem clearly, a failure to identify gaps in the literature, an inappropriate use of methodology, a misunderstanding of research terminology, an incorrect referencing style, and These difficulties may be faced by them, especially those who lack experience (Suyadi et al.
, 2.
, and it often impact to the thesis completion process.
Students commonly experience challenges when writing a thesis proposal, which can significantly affect their emotional well-being.
One major difficulty is identifying a suitable title and topic, as Zuriati .
found that many students struggle with selecting an appropriate subject, particularly market-related Additionally, finding adequate reference sources presents another challenge.
Although university libraries and online databases provide extensive resources, students often have difficulty locating the most relevant materials for their chosen topics (Hasanah, 2.
Furthermore, writing the research background is not an easy task.
This section should clearly justify the study and define the research problem.
however, students frequently face challenges in framing their research direction, avoiding redundancy, and maintaining a coherent focus, which can result in a vague or disorganized background (Firza & Aisiah, 2.
Moreover, students often struggle with limited proficiency in academic English writing, as transforming ideas into well-structured sentences requires mastery of grammar and vocabulary.
Proper academic writing is crucial to minimizing errors and enhancing clarity in thesis proposals (Wahyuningsih, 2.
In addition to language difficulties, selecting an appropriate research methodology is another obstacle, since the methodological approach directly influences data collection techniques and the overall execution of Deciding on the right research design can be overwhelming for students, particularly those unfamiliar with different methodologies.
Another important factor affecting students' ability to complete their thesis proposals is their level of motivation and confidence.
Many students struggle with self-confidence, discipline, and perseverance, which impacts their ability to stay committed to their research.
As Mardiansyah
SaraAos research found that students with higher confidence in their English writing skills tend to achieve better results than those with lower
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confidence levels.
Additionally, fear of supervisor criticism is a significant concern.
While supervisors provide essential guidance during the writing process, some students feel anxious about receiving criticism and negative feedback, which leads them to avoid consultations.
Khairah & Fatimah .
highlighted that such fears reduce interactions with supervisors, ultimately hindering academic progress.
successful completion of the proposal seminar, can also bring happiness, which creates positive Consequently, an understanding of emotions is crucial in order to comprehend the outcome of one's appraisal process.
In general, positive emotions arise from positive appraisals, while negative emotions arise from negative appraisals (Yu-Whattam, 2.
Emotions are present in every individual experience.
Finally, identifying relevant theories is another challenge students face.
A thesis proposal must be supported by appropriate theoretical frameworks and expert perspectives.
however, many students struggle with theoretical knowledge, literature synthesis, logical organization, and critical thinking (Wang in Suyadi et al.
, 2.
These difficulties collectively create barriers in the thesis proposal writing process, affecting not only academic performance but also studentsAo emotional wellbeing.
The challenges that students experience in writing a thesis proposal, can influence studentsAo Emotions play an important role in education, including in academic writing (Cameron et al.
, in Forster, 2.
The process of writing a thesis proposal involves intense emotions.
Emotion is also one of the factors that affect students' proposal writing.
Emotions can arise at any given time and are triggered by "trigger events" that can come from outside .
uch as time pressure, environment, or superviso.
or from within the student .
uch as writing ability and motivatio.
Changes in emotional levels during the thesis proposal writing process can affect students' writing ability through the ideas they generate during writing activities (Amin et al.
, 2.
Therefore, it is important to understand emotions.
Emotions are not only a subjective response to they also help to feel and assess the experiences (Denzin, 1.
In the process of preparing a thesis proposal, each student has different experiences, influenced by various factors.
Such factors include differences in supervisors, thesis titles, research methods, research locations, feelings during the thesis proposal process, and so Understanding experiences can assist in identifying the triggering situations that give rise to these feelings (YuWhattam, 2.
This enables students to identify sources of stress and develop strategies for managing them, thereby enhancing the quality of their writing.
In addition, the writing of emotional experiences can be used to relieve poor emotional conditions such as stress, anxiety, and other conditions (Nashori, 2.
A comprehensive understanding of emotional engagement can provide valuable insights for students and educators alike.
This approach can better identify and address emotional challenges, ultimately leading to a more successful thesis writing experience (Rantala-Lehtola and Ruohotie-Lyhty.
Emotional experiences and a thesis proposal writing closely have a relationship.
The difficulties experiences in writing a thesis proposal can cause various emotions, for example, anxiety to growth, depending on their implicit beliefs and selfperceptions as writers.
This study used the photovoice methodology.
In this regard, this study aims to investigate the emotional experiences and difficulties of undergraduate students in writing a thesis The research design utilizes the Photovoice method, which provides a platform for students to visually express their experiences.
The study hopes to generate valuable insights for students and lecturers in facilitating the completion process of a thesis proposal.
The thesis proposal stage is crucial for determining the direction and success of the entire research.
Photo-voice is utilized in critical qualitative research to document learners' lived experiences, making it a valuable tool for understanding students' emotional engagement (Ferdiansyah et al.
, 2.
Students who frequently encounter challenges when writing a thesis proposal may experience negative outcomes such as emotional distress, including feelings of frustration, anxiety, stress, and self-doubt.
Moesarofah and Rahayu .
identified anxiety as the dominant emotion in the process of writing an undergraduate thesis.
The presence of such negative emotions can impede motivation and hinder progress toward thesis Nevertheless, positive experiences, such as the completion of the writing and the https://journal.
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understand students' emotional experiences and the challenges they encounter in writing a thesis This method was selected for its capacity to elicit deep insights into lived experiences (Plunkett et al.
, 2.
Wang and Burris .
originally developed the Photo-voice method, which adopts a participatory approach to data As noted by Wang and Burris in McKernan et al.
Photo-voice enables participants to capture contextual photographs, offering a visual representation of their personal Traditionally, this method has been utilized to help individuals identify, represent, and improve their communities through photographic More recently, researchers have applied Photo-voice within academic contexts, recognizing its potential for capturing nuanced educational experiences.
This study adopts a photovoice research design, where participants document their lived experiences through photographs, which are then collected, analyzed, and discussed through interviews or group dialogues.
The significance of this study lies in its ability to visualize the challenges that students encounter during the process of writing a thesis proposal.
Photographic documentation not only highlights these difficulties but also reveals the emotional impact they impose on students.
Despite prior research on academic writing challenges, few studies have employed visual methodologies to illustrate the intersection between studentsAo struggles and their emotional Guided by this framework, the study seeks to answer the following research questions: .
what are the specific challenges students experience in writing a thesis proposal? And .
what emotions do students experience during the thesis proposal writing process? METHODS This study aimed to investigate and comprehend studentsAo challanges and emotions experiences and in writing the thesis proposal.
The researchers chose a photo-voice as a method in to elicit data that may deepen understanding of the life experience (Plunkett et al.
, 2.
Wang and Burris in McKernan et al.
stated that Photovoice utilizes a participatory approach to data generation, in which participants are requested to take contextual photos to capture a visual understanding of their own life experiences.
This https://journal.
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php/TEFLA photo-voice research design is a qualitative procedure in which the research object captures pictures in the individual's life as data, gathers, and analyzes through interviews or discussions.
Participants In this research, there are six students of English Language Education Study Program who selected by the criteria the students had completed a seminar on English Language Teaching Course which the lecturer required them to submit a thesis proposal.
Data Collection The data were the combination of a photo and their interpretation on their own photo that taken by each participant and determined representing or illustrating their challenges overall and emotional experiences in pre-writing stage, whilewriting stage and post-writing stage in writing the thesis proposals.
Then, the participants were also asked to write the reasons for taking photos, both the challenges and the emotions that were experienced in writing a thesis proposal.
The data were collected by using documentary and Following the photovoice data collection method outlined by Ferdiansyah et al.
, the interviews were structured to guide participants in describing their photos, either through written text or voice recordings.
The procedures process of interviews covered three key areas: 1.
the context surrounding the photo, 2.
the reasons for taking the picture, 3.
the challenges and emotions were encountered by the students during thesis proposal writing.
The researchers were used Braun and ClarkeAos .
thematic analysis techniques for analyzing the data.
The six steps thematic analysis techniques which consists familiarizing the researchers on the data, producing initial codes, looking for themes, reviewing themes, defining and identifying themes, and preparing the report.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
RESULTS
These photos often represented significant moments that evoked emotions, helping participants express their experiences.
This section details the data represented the difficulties ISSN: 2654-5152 Vol.
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and the emotions that were visualized by the studentsAo photos and the context behind each The photos helped the students to express and describe their challenges and emotions in writing the thesis proposal.
Figure 1.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 1 This picture was taken at night when I couldn't All I could think about at that moment was whether I could finish building this Lego.
This picture illustrates my feelings in the early stages of writing the proposal, because at that time I felt confused and difficult in determining or making a research title and determining what kind of method I should use to realize the desired This was due to my lack of knowledge at the beginning of writing the proposal.
This is the same as my feelings when I was confused about where to start with the Lego arranging, and I also felt difficulties when I started arranging the Lego parts.
At the next stage, after I had organized the first part of the Lego, there was a sense of worry that I felt, what if the next part of the Lego was not as expected? The same thing happened with the proposal writing process in the middle stage when I had to write from chapter 1 to chapter 3.
At that time.
I really felt worried that my writing was not in accordance with the writing rules.
In the final stage of writing.
I felt relieved and proud of myself because I could finally finish writing this This is the same as my feelings when I succeeded in forming Lego, because I felt very relieved and proud because I could arrange Lego with the results of my own efforts, even though there were still shortcomings in their shape.
The difficulty I faced was finding a theory related to the title of my proposal, so I had to read many articles to find a theory that really fit.
https://journal.
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php/TEFLA Based on the photo-voice taken by the student 1.
She said, it was taken by her at night when she could not sleep.
She used lego to illustrate how she constructed it.
The Lego was used as an analogy to make and write a thesis proposal.
In the prewriting stage, the student 1 told she felt difficulties in deciding a title and choosing the right method to realize the desired research.
The second, her uncertain how to start writing the thesis proposal.
As the result, the difficulties impacted to their She felt confusion, uncertain, , and Opposite of it, in the while-writing stage, she felt worry that was caused by her lack of the academic writing rules and system.
Meanwhile, in the post-writing stage, when she could finish writing the thesis proposal, her emotions changed into positive, student 1 felt relief and proud of herself, even though she still faced difficulty in finding a theory related to the topic of her thesis proposal, she used a metaphor to represent her successful in forming lego was the same as finishing writing the thesis proposal Figure 2.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 2 When I took this photo of the night sky.
I thought about whether my friend would feel the same way looking at this night view.
This photo of a dark night sky captures how I felt in the prewriting stages of writing a proposal.
At that time.
I felt uncertain about finding direction in the midst of darkness, the same feeling as when I had to make decisions that were in line with my research goals.
At the while-writing stage, feelings of anxiety arise when I begin to write the I worry that the results of my writing will not be good enough.
This is the same feeling I have when I am searching for stars in the vast sky, anxious about whether I will find the right star or whether it will be lost in the dark.
At the post-writing stage.
I felt happy because I ISSN: 2654-5152 Vol.
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received permission from the lecturer to submit a seminar proposal, even though some revisions were needed.
This happy feeling is like seeing the stars begin to twinkle in the dark night sky, giving hope and satisfaction after a period of The difficult to determine the title,I faced while writing the proposal was that it was difficult so I changed the title several times, similar to looking for direction on a dark night full of doubt and intimacy, but finally found the right Based on the photo-voice and the studentAos interpretation on her photo, she explained that the sky night represented her feeling.
She felt in the darkness of the night, getting lost in the initial Feeling confuse, hesitant, anxiety, and uncertain in her pre-writing stage.
The emotions were caused by poor writing quality and did not know what to do in starting writing the thesis This feeling was as like looking for the stars and was not getting lost in the dark.
In the while-writing, because of her poor writing quality, student 2 told that she felt anxious and fear when starting to write the background.
It also was caused by not follow the rules of writing a thesis proposal.
After keeping trying, in the post-writing stage, she felt happy after being able to finish and complete writing the thesis proposal.
The feeling was also caused by getting permission to do the seminar and presented the proposal she had written.
Her happy was analogized by the stars that began to twinkle in the night sky.
Figure 3.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 3 I took this photo in my room at night while I was doing my homework.
When I took this photo.
I was thinking about how to find the right mood so that I could complete my assignment on time.
This photo illustrates my feelings at the prewriting https://journal.
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php/TEFLA When I was required to look for theory and add references related to research.
I felt confused because I had to look for where and what kind of theory was appropriate to support my proposal.
This is like the confusion I feel when I have to choose a menu of drinks that are appropriate for my mood while working on During the writing stage.
I felt frustrated it was caused by my writing was still messy, and I couldn't get any references that could help confirm my writing until I wondered whether I could finish this proposal on time.
This feeling is like after I found some kind of drink and was faced with too many choices.
In the postwriting stage, when I finally began to understand what I was writing in this proposal, and I also received guidance from the academic advisor.
I felt calmer.
Although I had to revise continuously until the advisor finally allowed me to proceed to the proposal seminar.
This is similar to how I feel when I manage to choose one of the many drink menus that are suitable to accompany me in my work, even though I have to constantly scroll through the menu on several food delivery service applications.
The difficulty I faced while writing my thesis proposal was that it was difficult to determine the title because it required several theories, so I had to keep looking for reference sources from journals or The photo-voice above was taken after student 3 finished her exercise at the dusk.
She did it to get inspiration to write a thesis proposal.
The dusk, that the student used as a metaphor her feeling in the prewriting stage.
First, she felt excitement because when she was able to get ideas for research titls easily, but also felt worried.
The feeling arose because of her lack of experience in proposal Therefore, she tried to overcome her worries by doing exercise to generate new ideas.
Feeling tired, down, and doubt in the while-writing stage, she answered that these feelings could be compared to feel sweaty and tired after exercising.
She informed that all emotions happened because she made a lot of mistakes and was less thorough in each chapter, resulting in many revisions by the lecturer.
She found it was difficult to find theories that were relevant to the research that she was doing.
Then, because of receiving an approval from the lecturer and also successfully registered at the last second of the happiness, satisfaction, and relief emerged at the post-writing stage She analogized it was like when ISSN: 2654-5152 Vol.
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she took a break after exercising to relieve her When she saw how beautiful the sunset that illustrated her happiness the same as the feeling after finishing writing a thesis proposal.
Figure 4.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 4 I took this photo in my room at night while I was doing my homework.
When I took this photo.
I was thinking about how to find the right mood so that I could complete my assignment on time.
This photo illustrates my feelings at the pre-writing When I was required to look for theory and add references related to research.
I felt confused because I had to look for where and what kind of theory was appropriate to support my This is like the confusion I feel when I have to choose a menu of drinks that are appropriate for my mood while working on During the writing stage.
I felt frustrated because my writing was still messy, and I couldn't get any references that could help confirm my writing until I wondered whether I could finish this proposal on time.
This feeling is like after I found some kind of drink and was faced with too many choices.
In the postwriting stage.
I felt calmer because I finally began to understand what I was writing in this proposal, and I also received guidance from the academic advisor, although I had to revise continuously until the advisor finally allowed me to proceed to the proposal seminar.
This is similar to how I feel when I manage to choose one of the many drink menus that are suitable to accompany me in my work, even though I have to constantly scroll through the menu on several food delivery service The difficulty I faced while writing my thesis proposal was that it was difficult to determine the title because it required several theories, so I had to keep looking for reference sources from journals or books.
https://journal.
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php/TEFLA Based on the photo-voice in figure 4, it was a kind of drinks.
she thought about how to find the right mood to finish the assignment on time.
She analogized the drinks as good mood and right choice to finish writing her thesis proposal on time.
The photo was taken in her room when she was doing the assignment of writing thesis proposal.
First, she thought about how to find the right mood to finish it on time, but, then, she felt confused during in the pre-writing stage.
The confusion,and frustration, were caused by her lack of academic writing rules and identify the fixed theories.
This was similar to how she felt when she had to choose a menu of drinks that would be appropriate for her mood during the writing process.
In the while-writing stage, her feeling was a the references in supporting her to write the thesis proposal did not convinced her.
It was like the feeling when she found several kinds of drinks and imagined that she had too many choices.
Finally.
The student was getting calmer and understood what should be written in post-writing stage after being given guidance and some revisions from her academic advisor.
Therefore, she still felt a difficulty to determine the title, which required her to look for multiple theories from multiple sources, as well as determining the beverage, which required her to look at various menus in the Figure 5.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 5 This photo was taken when I saw the cat was sleeping on this printer, which made me think that my friends might be able to feel the feelings I experienced during the writing of the proposal.
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the prewriting stage.
I thought that writing a proposal was not easy because it was my first time writing a proposal.
So I felt anxious and doubtful at the same time when deciding on the title, which was my first step in starting to write this proposal, just like this cat sleeping on the printer reflects my uncertainty, like trying to find comfort in a confusing In the while-writing stage, when I started writing the first chapter.
I felt anxious about whether my writing was in accordance with the revision given by the lecturer.
This cat, looking relaxed on top of the printer, reflects my efforts to find calm and confidence in the writing process, even though the anxiety remains.
However, at the post-writing stage.
I felt happy because I was able to make a proposal through my own efforts, from meeting with the lecturer for revision to getting permission from the supervisor to continue to the proposal seminar.
This feeling is like a cat that can finally sleep comfortably in the place of its choice, giving hope and satisfaction after going through a process full of challenges.
The difficulties I faced in writing the proposal, such as the difficulty in determining the title and having to revise it many times, were similar to looking for comfort in an unfamiliar place but finally finding the right position.
In the photo-voice above, it could be seen a cat was sitting on the print machine.
Student 5 illustrated his feeling that was represented by the He said, it represented the emotions of his anxiety and doubtfulness in pre-writing stage.
The emotions are caused by the difficulty in deciding the title of his thesis proposal.
It was similar with watching a cat was sleeping on a printer, trying to find a comfort in a confusing However still felt anxiety in the while-writing stage but he kept continuing writing each chapter and adjusting with the lecturerAos corrections and In this stage, he explained that he also encountered difficulties in determining the title, which caused him to revise the title several times, just the same as the cat changed its comfortable position several times.
The happiness and satisfaction after completing and finishing writing the thesis proposal with his own efforts were experienced by him in post-writing stage.
was like seeing his cat finally was able to sleep comfortably in the place he had chosen.
https://journal.
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php/TEFLA Figure 6.
Photo and Interpretation of Student 6 I took this photo in my room after staying up late to learn English using this dictionary.
When I took this photo, all I could think about was whether I could speak English well and fluently.
This photo illustrates my feelings during the prewriting stage because I felt it was difficult to determine and create a research title due to my lack of experience in writing proposal.
This feeling is the same when I have to speak English fluently.
I find it difficult, so I learn to improve my English.
At the while-writing stage.
I was afraid of writing a research gap when I didn't know whether the gap I made was correct or not for my research, so I immediately consulted my supervisor.
At the post- writing stage, this stage is described by the feeling that I have succeeded in improving my speaking skills, which is the result of my efforts to learn English so far, and that the efforts do not betray the results.
This is the same as being satisfied with the results of my proposal writing, which I try every week to make progress on and produce results with the approval of the This is how I felt when I was confused about where to start learning English and I also found it difficult to remember vocabulary, learn grammar, and pronouns in English.
Student 6 took picture a dictionary to analogize and express her feelings when she was writing the thesis proposal.
A dictionary is related to vocabulary, part of speech, and grammar.
She considered that to write a thesis proposal, it meant the students had to learn and memorize all things in a dictionary.
In the pre-writing stage, she felt confusion and difficulties especially in determining and deciding the title.
The emotions were caused by her lack of experience in writing a proposal.
In whilewriting stage, her feeling changed into afraid of ISSN: 2654-5152 Vol.
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because it was difficult for her to find out the gap in her proposal with the previous The emotion of satisfied was felt by her after having revisions from the lecturer.
happened in the post-writing stage.
Besides, she was also successfully completed to write the thesis proposal, then got an approval and finally it was ready to hold proposal seminar.
DISCUSSION