Jurnal Reaksi (Journal of Science and Technolog.
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Vol.
23 No.
Desember 2025 ISSN 1693-248X
THE EFFECT OF MASERATION TIME VARIATION ON THE FORMULATION
OF DEODORANT SPRAY FROM BASIL LEAVES (Ocimum basilicum L.
Azra Arzahri Usfa.
Suryani1.
Syafruddin2 Chemical Engineering.
Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic.
Jl.
Banda Aceh-Medan Km.
Buketrata.
Mosque Punteut.
Blang Mangat.
Lhokseumawe City.
Aceh 24301.
Indonesia Email: azrausfa09@gmail.
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effect of maceration time variation on the characteristics of basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.
) and the performance of deodorant spray preparations containing the extract.
Maceration was carried out using 96% ethanol for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 The extract was then formulated into a deodorant spray at concentrations of 5Ae25% .
The parameters observed included yield, pH, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis .
olony count/CFU metho.
, and organoleptic testing .
olor, aroma, and after fee.
by 25 panelists.
The yield increased with maceration time from 8.
82% .
The pH value of the preparation was 4.
9Ae5.
2, in accordance with SNI 16-4951-1998 and close to the physiological pH of the skin.
Commercial deodorants reduced the number of bacterial colonies by 50%, while basil extract deodorants reduced it by 20% in the test concentration range.
Organoleptically, the 15% concentration was most preferred by the panelists.
These findings indicate that basil extract has potential as an active ingredient in natural spray deodorants.
optimization of concentration, formulation base, and further statistical testing are recommended to enhance antibacterial efficacy.
Keywords: Deodorant Spray, basil leaves.
Ocimum basilicum L.
, maceration, antibacterial, extract, which is determined in part by the Optimizing maceration time is expected to increase the yield and content of active compounds, thereby improving the performance of the preparation.
Based on this potential, this study was conducted to formulate and test the antibacterial activity of a basil leaf extract-based deodorant spray preparation against Staphylococcus epidermidis as an alternative solution for controlling body INTRODUCTION 1 Background Indonesia has a tropical climate with high temperatures and humidity, which triggers perspiration and increases the risk of body odor.
Synthetic antiperspirants and deodorants are commonly used, but some consumers are concerned about the potential side effects of certain chemicals.
Natural-based alternatives are attractive if they are safe, effective, and acceptable to Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.
) is known to contain essential oils .
ainly linaloo.
and flavonoids that have been reported to have antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause body odor, including Staphylococcus epidermidis.
However, preparations made from basil extract is greatly influenced by the quality of the RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology 1 Research Location The research was conducted at the Chemical Engineering Department Laboratory.
Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic from February to June 2025.
Activities included preparation of raw Jurnal Reaksi (Journal of Science and Technolog.
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Vol.
23 No.
Desember 2025 ISSN 1693-248X materials, manufacture of Deodorant Spray processing, and report writing.
evaporated with a rotary evaporator.
2 Yield % = .
ry extract mass / dry herb mas.
Example:
2 g/500 g y 100 = 8.
2 Tools and Materials 1 Constant Variables Basil leaf extraction Basil leaves : 500 gram Ethanol 96% : 5 Liter 3 Formulation .
atch 50 or 100 mL.
write your total final volum.
: extract .
ccording to %), 96% ethanol 20 mL, propylene glycol 5 mL, glycerin 1.
5 mL, perfume 1 mL, 4 pH Measurement using a calibrated pH meter .
H buffers 4.
01 and 7.
5 Antibacterial epidermidis standard culture.
colony count method (CFU/mL) pre- and post-exposure.
uniform contact time .
5 minute.
, controlled temperature and 6 Organoleptic .
Hedonic scale 1Ae5 for color, aroma, panelist inclusion criteria Ou20 years old, healthy skin.
ethics: informed Deodorant spray preparation Etanol 96% .
: 20 ml Parfume .
: 1 ml Propilenglikol .
: 5 ml Gliserin .
: 1,5 ml 2 Independent Variables Maceration time
2 hari, 3 hari, 4 hari, 5 hari, 6 hari Basil Leaf Extract
5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%
Dependent Variables Basil leaf extraction results Rendemen ekstrak Deodorant Spray Preparation pH Test Antibacterial Test 3 Experimental Design 1 Constant variables Amount of extraction material .
g basil leaves with 5 L of 96% ethano.
, and basic deodorant spray formulation .
mL ethanol, 1 mL perfume, 5 mL propylene glycol, 1.
5 mL glyceri.
2 Independent variables Maceration time .
Ae6 day.
, basil leaf extract concentration .
%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%).
3 Dependent variables Extract yield, pH, antibacterial activity, and organoleptic results.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1 Extract Yield Table 3.
1 shows that the extract yield increased with the duration of maceration, 64% .
82% .
The yield graph shows a positive linear This indicates that the longer the solvent is in contact with the crude drug, the more active compounds are extracted.
However, excessive maceration time has the potential to reduce the quality of the extract due to degradation of the active 4 Experimental Procedures and Testing 1 Maceration 500 g basil powder .
/80 mes.
5 L ethanol .
:10 w/.
, soaked for 2Ae6 days, stirred daily, filtered, solvent Jurnal Reaksi (Journal of Science and Technolog.
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Vol.
23 No.
Desember 2025 ISSN 1693-248X Tabel 3.
1 Data on Basil Leaf Extract Yield Results Samp Macerati Materi Extra Yield on Time (Day.
Weigh Weig t .
(%) Figure 3.
2 pH Testing of Basil Leaf Deodorant Spray Preparations 3 Antibacterial Activity The test results show that basil leaf extract deodorant spray can reduce the number of bacterial colonies by up to 20%, while commercial deodorants can reduce it by up to 50%.
Although the antibacterial activity of herbal deodorants is lower, these results prove the potential use of basil extract as a natural antibacterial agent.
The relatively low effectiveness is likely due to the suboptimal concentration of the extract and the stability of the active compounds.
Figure 3.
1 Graph of Basil Leaf Extract Yield Against Maceration Time Figure 3.
3 Comparison of Basil Leaf Deodorant Spray with Commercial Deodorant Spray 2 pH of Deodorant Spray The pH value was in the range of 4.
9Ae 2, which is still within the safe standard according to SNI .
Ae7.
and close to the physiological range of human skin .
5Ae This indicates that the deodorant spray formulation is chemically stable and safe for topical application.
Variations in maceration time and extract concentration did not have a significant effect on pH.
4 Organoleptic Test Color The panelists preferred the formulation with an extract concentration of 10Ae15% .
Ae22%), because it produced an attractive color without being too intense.
High concentrations .
Ae 25%) produced a darker color that was less preferred.
Jurnal Reaksi (Journal of Science and Technolog.
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Vol.
23 No.
Desember 2025 ISSN 1693-248X Conclusion Based on the results of research on the formulation and testing of Deodorant Spray made from basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.
), the following conclusions can be drawn:
Effect of Maceration Time on Figure 3.
4 Pie Chart of Organoleptic Test Results for Deodorant Spray Color by Panelists Deodorant Spray Variations in maceration time of 2Ae6 days Aroma The most preferred aroma was found at an extract concentration of 15% .
%).
Low concentrations .
Ae10%) were considered too weak, while high concentrations .
Ae25%) produced a pungent aroma.
maceration time, the higher the The highest yield was obtained at a maceration time of 6 Extending the maceration time did not significantly affect the pH of the preparation, which remained within the safe range .
9Ae5.
, but had the potential to increase the Figure 3.
5 Pie Chart of Organoleptic Test Results for Deodorant Spray Fragrance by Panelists content of active compounds that After Feel The test results show that the majority of panelists felt a fresh sensation, quick drying, and non-sticky at a concentration of 15%, so this formulation is considered the most comfortable to use.
effectiveness of the Deodorant Spray.
The Effect of Variations in Basil Leaf Extract Concentration Deodorant Spray Variations in basil leaf extract concentration .
Ae25%) affect the sensory characteristics and antibacterial activity of Deodorant Spray.
A concentration of 15% provided the best balance between aroma.
Figure 3.
6 Pie Chart of Organoleptic Test Results for After-Feel Deodorant Spray by Panelists color, and After Feel, which was most preferred by the panelists, and produced fairly good antibacterial activity with a Jurnal Reaksi (Journal of Science and Technolog.
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Vol.
23 No.
Desember 2025 ISSN 1693-248X 20% reduction in bacterial colonies.
All .
Aplikasi Rotary Vacuum formulations remained physically stable Evaporator pada proses penguapan and met SNI pH standards, making them maserat simplisia untuk menjaga safe for use on the skin.
kestabilan senyawa aktif.
Jurnal Farmasi dan Sains Indonesia, 11.
BIBLIOGRAPHY